Thu·Aug 28, 2025Thursday·August 28, 2025

1. 01*

   Axions and Axion-like particles: collider searches

   Anke Biekötter🇩🇪 · Ken Mimasu🇬🇧

   We give an overview of collider searches for Axion-like particles (ALPs). The intention of this review is to give a pedagogical introduction to collider phenomenology of ALPs, and provide a starting point for newcomers, including suitable references to deepen their knowledge. We motivate how ALPs arise from the breaking of approximate global symmetries and describe their interactions across different scales in an effective field theory framework. We further review the dominant production and decay channels for ALPs at high-energy hadron and lepton colliders as well as indirect ways to probe their interactions via precision measurements of Standard Model processes.

   hep-ph16 citations
2. 02*

   Heavy Quark Pair Energy Correlators: From Profiling Partonic Splittings to Probing Heavy-Flavor Fragmentation

   João Barata🇨🇭 · Jasmine Brewer🇬🇧 · Kyle Lee🇺🇸 · João M. Silva🇵🇹

   We introduce heavy-flavor energy correlators, $⟨\Psi |{\mathcal{E}}_{\mathcal{H}}({\vec{n}}_1){\mathcal{E}}_{\mathcal{H}}({\vec{n}}_2)|\Psi ⟩$, as a powerful observable for profiling partonic splittings and characterizing heavy-flavor fragmentation. We present its collinear factorization, perform resummation, and demonstrate the angular distribution's sensitivity to both the heavy-quark pair splitting and their subsequent fragmentation. We then apply the heavy-flavor EEC to probe medium-induced effects, revealing its sensitivity to medium modifications to heavy-quark pair splitting functions and to the medium's spatial structure.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-th19 citations
3. 03*

   Scalar leptoquark contributions to the $gg\to Zh$ process

   Shi-Ping He🇨🇳

   In this manuscript, we study the general scalar leptoquark contributions to the $gg\to Zh$ process at one-loop level. We find that the contributions only show up for the off-diagonal Higgs and $Z$ boson interactions with scalar leptoquarks, which can lead to new tensor structures different from the standard model. In the one-field and two-field models, the contributions vanish exactly; thus, the contributions are possible at least in the three-field models. We exemplify the contributions in the $S_1+{\tilde{R}}_2+S_3$ model, which can appear in the presence of scalar leptoquark mass splittings and $CP$ violation. In view of the heavy scalar leptoquark mass suppression, the leading contributions are typically small and difficult to observe at hadron colliders. However, this work offers a quantitative and systematic investigation of scalar leptoquark contributions, also making it valuable for the new physics studies in other models.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2026)·2 citations
4. 04*

   Renormalization group analysis of color superconductivity revisited

   Yuki Fujimoto🇯🇵

   Color superconductivity in cold, dense quark matter is a key feature of the QCD phase diagram, whose present theoretical understanding relies predominantly on weak-coupling calculations. In this work, we revisit the evaluation of the color-superconducting gap using a renormalization group (RG) framework formulated in effective theory near the Fermi surface. By incorporating quark self-energy corrections into the RG equation, we reproduce the known weak-coupling results from the gap equation at the same perturbative order at $O(g^0)$. Within the RG approach, the angular momentum structure of the pairing channel becomes more transparent, allowing us to examine the size of the gap for various pairing patterns. We also compare our results with recent lattice QCD calculations at finite isospin density. Finally, we argue that the RG method potentially offers a simpler and more systematic route to higher-order computations of the gap, which are of order $O(g)$ and thus quantitatively important.

   hep-phnucl-th1 citation
5. 05*

   Gravitational form factors of the Higgs boson

   P. Beißner🇩🇪 · B.-D. Sun🇩🇪 · E. Epelbaum🇩🇪 · J. Gegelia🇩🇪

   We calculate the one-loop electroweak corrections to the gravitational form factors of the Higgs boson and discuss the interpretation of the obtained results.

   hep-phhep-thEPJC(2025)·3 citations
6. 06*

   Fully heavy tetraquark states with a diquark-antidiquark configuration

   Xi Xia🇨🇳 · Tao Guo🇨🇳

   The study of the fully heavy tetraquark state helps to better understand the characteristics of compact exotic hadrons formed by quarks and gluons. In this work, we systematically investigate the mass spectra and decay channels of fully heavy tetraquark states using a diquark-antidiquark model based on the one-gluon exchange process. The tetraquark states are treated as compact diquark-antidiquark configurations, denoted as $[QQ][\bar{Q}\bar{Q}]$, where $Q=c$ or $b$. By properly accounting for the Pauli principle, basis wave functions incorporating flavor, color, and spin are constructed. The required model parameters are derived from fitting conventional hadron experimental values and lattice QCD calculations. We calculate the mass spectra and decays of the fully heavy tetraquarks in the lower $S$ and $P$ waves. Our results do not support interpreting $X(6600)$, $X(6900)$, and $X(7200)$ as the $1S$-wave fully charmed tetraquark states. Nevertheless, our analysis suggests that $X(6200)$ can be a good candidate for the $1S$-wave fully charmed tetraquark state with quantum numbers $2^{++}$. Furthermore, we also identify several narrow fully heavy tetraquark states that may be observable in future experiments.

   hep-phPRD(2026)·6 citations
7. 07*

   Exclusive vector-toponium photoproduction in hadronic collisions

   Victor P. Goncalves🇧🇷 · Luana Santana🇧🇷 · Bruno D. Moreira🇧🇷

   An exploratory study of the exclusive production of a vector - toponium ${\psi }_t$ state by photon - hadron interactions is performed considering proton - proton and proton - nucleus collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and Future Circular Collider (FCC) energies. The scattering amplitude is calculated using the $k_T$ - factorization formalism assuming that the vector - toponium state can be described by a Gaussian light-cone wave function and considering different models for the unintegrated gluon distribution. Predictions for the rapidity distributions and total cross - sections are presented. Our results indicate that the experimental measurement of this final state will be very difficult for the expected integrated luminosities at the LHC and FCC.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thEPJC(2025)·4 citations
8. 08*

   The nine rings of the galaxy LEDA 1313424

   Pierre Sikivie🇺🇸 · Yuxin Zhao🇨🇳

   The galaxy LEDA 1313424 has recently been discovered by I. Pasha et al. to have nine rings. The authors of the discovery paper interpret the rings to be the result of the passing of a smaller galaxy through the center of the LEDA galaxy 56 Myr ago. In that interpretation the outermost observed ring, which has approximately 70 kpc radius, would have traveled at 1,220 km/s, an implausibly large speed. The expected speed of the 70 kpc ring is 55 km/s in the analytic theory of collisional ring galaxies used in the discovery paper to explain the pattern of ring radii. Furthermore, the widths of the observed rings are inconsistent with the predictions of the analytic theory and the assumptions underlying the analytic theory are violated in the specific case of LEDA. As an alternative interpretation we propose that the rings of LEDA are the imprint upon baryonic matter of caustic rings of dark matter. Our proposal requires that the dark matter is axions forming a Bose-Einstein condensate.

   ↳ astro-ph.GAhep-phApJ(2026)·0 citations
9. 09*

   Gravitational particle production, the cosmological tensions and fast radio bursts

   Recai Erdem🇹🇷

   In [26] it had been found that gravitational particle production (to be more specific, gravitational vacuum polarization) results in an effective increase in the directly measured value of the Hubble constant $H_0$ while it does not affect the value of the Hubble constant derived from energy densities ${\bar{H}}_0$. It had also been pointed out that this may explain why the Hubble constant $H_0$ determined from direct measurements (such as in SN Ia measurements) and the Hubble constant determined from indirect measurements (such as in CMB calculations in the framework of $\Lambda$CDM) are different. In the present study, first I correct a misidentification in \cite{Erdem-Universe}, namely, ${\hat{H}}_0=\left(\frac{{\bar{H}}_0}{H_0}\right){\bar{H}}_0$ (rather than ${\bar{H}}_0$) is the value of the Hubble constant measured in CMB and BAO measurements. Then I extend the analysis to the ${\sigma }_8$ tension, and to determination of the Hubble constant through observations of fast radio bursts. It is observed that inclusion of the effect of gravitational vacuum polarization essentially does not neither mitigate nor exacerbate the ${\sigma }_8$ tension (while it mitigates or relieves the Hubble tension). This result is significant in the light of the studies in literature that question existence of a true ${\sigma }_8$ tension. Moreover, the present framework predicts that the value of the Hubble constant measured in fast radio bursts is ${\hat{H}}_0$ as in CMB and BAO measurements. This may be checked with observations in future after more precise and conclusive measurements of ${\hat{H}}_0$, ${\bar{H}}_0$, $H_0$.

   ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phhep-thPhys.Dark Univ.(2026)·6 citations
10. 10*

    GLOW: A Unified Particle Flow Transformer

    Dmitrii Kobylianskii🇮🇱 · Samuel Van Stroud🇬🇧 · Kwok Yiu Wong🇬🇧 · Max Hart🇬🇧 · Etienne Dreyer🇮🇱 · Eilam Gross🇮🇱 · Gabriel Facini🇬🇧 · Tim Scanlon🇬🇧

    We present GLOW, a transformer-based particle flow model that combines incidence matrix supervision from HGPflow with a MaskFormer architecture. Evaluated on CLIC detector simulations, GLOW achieves state-of-the-art performance and, together with prior work, demonstrates that a single unified transformer architecture can effectively address diverse reconstruction tasks in particle physics.

    ↳ hep-exhep-ph4 citations
11. 11*

    Fermionic Love of Black Holes in General Relativity

    Sumanta Chakraborty🇮🇳 · Pierre Heidmann🇺🇸 · Paolo Pani🇮🇹

    Black holes in General Relativity exhibit a remarkable feature: their response to static scalar, electromagnetic, and gravitational perturbations -- as quantified by the so-called tidal Love numbers -- vanishes identically. We present the first exception to this rule: the Love numbers of a black hole perturbed by a fermionic field are nonzero. We derive a closed-form expression of these fermionic Love numbers for generic spin in the background of a Kerr black hole with arbitrary angular momentum. In contrast, we show that the fermionic dissipation numbers vanish for static perturbations, reflecting the absence of superradiance for fermions. These results highlight a fundamental distinction between bosonic and fermionic perturbations, which can be interpreted as a breaking of the hidden symmetries that underlie the vanishing of Love numbers in the bosonic sector.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-phhep-thPRD(2026)·22 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.