Tue·Apr 22, 2025Tuesday·April 22, 2025

1. 01*

   Hunting for a 17 MeV particle coupled to electrons

   Luca Di Luzio🇮🇹 · Paride Paradisi🇮🇹 · Nudzeim Selimovic🇮🇹

   We discuss a set of precision observables that can probe the existence of a light particle $X$ coupled to electrons in the mass range of 1-100 MeV. As a case study, we consider the recent excess of $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ final-state events at $\sqrt{s}=16.9$ MeV reported by the PADME collaboration. Interestingly, this mass is tantalizingly close to the invariant mass at which anomalous $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ pair production has previously been observed in nuclear transitions from excited to ground states by the ATOMKI collaboration. For the scenario in which the new particle has a vector coupling to electrons, we show that the PADME excess is already in tension with constraints from the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron. Further improvements in the measurement of the electron $g$-2, together with upcoming results from PIONEER (searching for ${\pi }^{+}\to e^{+}\nu X$) and Mu3e (searching for ${\mu }^{+}\to e^{+}{\bar{\nu }}_{\mu }{\nu }_{e}X$), are expected to definitively probe this scenario in the near future. We also explore alternative possibilities where the new particle has scalar, pseudoscalar, or axial-vector couplings.

   hep-phhep-exNPB(2025)·20 citations
2. 02*

   Probing light axion-like particle via primordial black hole evaporation with gamma-ray observations

   Tong Li🇨🇳 · Rui-Jia Zhang🇨🇳

   The axion-like particle (ALP) and primordial black hole (PBH) are two representative dark matter (DM) candidates as light bosonic DM and macroscopic objects, respectively. In this work, we investigate the gamma-ray production mechanisms induced by PBH evaporation and ALP-photon coupling $g_{a\gamma \gamma }$. The detection of gamma-rays is also explored in future satellite telescopes, including AMEGO, e-ASTROGAM and MAST. We first propose the evaporation-conversion scenario in which light ALPs are emitted by PBHs and are converted into photons in the presence of magnetic field in the Universe. The second scenario assumes ALPs as dominant DM component in the Milky Way and considers the relativistic electron production from PBH evaporation. The emitted electrons scatter off non-relativistic ALP in DM halo and produce gamma-rays through the ALP-photon coupling. Using the Fisher forecasting method, we calculate the gamma-ray energy spectra from these two scenarios and derive projected sensitivity for the fraction of DM composed of PBHs $f_{\mathrm{PBH}}$ and ALP-photon coupling $g_{a\gamma \gamma }$.

   hep-phPRD(2025)·0 citations
3. 03*

   Magnetic moment of neutrinos in a left-right symmetric model and Interplay of type-I and type-II seesaw

   Vivek Banerjee🇮🇳 · Sasmita Mishra🇮🇳

   In left-right symmetric models, the Majorana coupling matrix, $f$, and hence the right-handed neutrino (RHN) mass matrix, admits eight solutions assuming the form of Dirac coupling matrix is known. Additionally, the coupling matrix depends on the parity-breaking scale, $v_R$, as a new physics scale. RHNs being Majorana in nature can possess a transition magnetic moment (TMM). Neutrino magnetic moments are inherently related to neutrino masses, as neutrino masses imply neutrino magnetic moments. We study, along with small neutrino TMM, the heavy RHN transition magnetic moment contributions to muon $g-2$, $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ anomaly for all eight solutions of $f$. We find, of the eight solutions, only two solutions of $f$ matrix contribute to the $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ in the experimental predicted range. The range of $v_R$ in these cases is found to be $3.4\times 10^3-1.5\times 10^4$ GeV. For a complementary check, we also study TMM induced neutrinoless double beta decay ($0\nu \beta \beta$), for the same set of choice of parameters. While certain parameter choices allow RHNs to explain the $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ anomaly, the same configurations lead to an extremely long half-life for $0\nu \beta \beta$ decay, well beyond experimental reach. Even under extreme magnetic field enhancements, the half-life decreases only marginally, reinforcing the dominance of weak interaction vertices over TMM contributions in $0\nu \beta \beta$ decay.

   hep-phNPB(2025)·0 citations
4. 04*

   Reconstruction of angular correlations in the associated top quark and the dark matter mediator production

   E. Abasov🇷🇺 · L. Dudko🇷🇺 · E. Iudin🇷🇺 · A. Markina🇷🇺 · P. Volkov🇷🇺 · G. Vorotnikov🇷🇺 · M. Perfilov🇷🇺 · A. Zaborenko🇷🇺

   For the process of single top quark production within the "simplified model" with a scalar dark matter mediator, a new variable based on angular correlations was presented, for the proper reconstruction of which it is necessary to separate the contributions of two undetectable particles: the neutrino and the mediator. In this work, various machine learning approaches for reconstructing the momenta of these particles are analyzed. A comparison is made between the results obtained using a multilayer perceptron and the Normalizing Flows architectures. The neural networks based on Normalizing Flows, presented in this work, demonstrate a high quality of reconstruction of the target variable and can be used for collider data analysis.

   hep-ph2 citations
5. 05*

   Anisotropic quark propagation and Zeeman effect in an external magnetic field

   Minghui Ding🇨🇳 · Fei Gao🇨🇳 · Sebastian M. Schmidt🇩🇪

   We investigated the impact of a constant external magnetic field on the dressed propagators of up-, down-, and strange quarks. In the weak field limit, we derive a general momentum-space representation for the propagator and numerically solve the corresponding gap equation. Our analysis reveals that the vector term of the propagator can be decomposed into components parallel and perpendicular to the magnetic field, resulting in anisotropic effective masses, with the transverse mass consistently exceeding the longitudinal mass. This mass disparity exhibits a power law dependence on the magnetic field strength and is less pronounced for the strange quark compared to up and down quarks. Additionally, the magnetic field induces axial-vector and tensor terms, highlighting the Zeeman effect resulting from quark interactions with the magnetic field. These findings have important implications for (inverse) magnetic catalysis, and phenomena such as vector meson and pion condensations.

   hep-phCPC(2026)·3 citations
6. 06*

   Search for Dark Matter in 2HDMS at LHC and future Lepton Colliders

   Juhi Dutta🇺🇸 · Jayita Lahiri🇩🇪 · Cheng Li🇨🇳 · Gudrid Moortgat-Pick🇩🇪 · Sheikh Farah Tabira🇩🇪 · Julia Anabell Ziegler🇩🇪

   We investigate the phenomenological prospects of the Two Higgs Doublet and Complex Singlet Scalar Extension (2HDMS) in the context of dark matter (DM) and Higgs phenomenology. The 2HDMS provides an enlarged Higgs sector along with a DM candidate. In this work, we perform an exhaustive scan to find representative benchmarks which are consistent with all theoretical and experimental constraints. We choose benchmarks with light, intermediate and massive DM masses and in some cases, also accommodate the 95 GeV excess in $b\bar{b}$ and $\gamma \gamma$ channels observed at the Large Electron-Positron Collider (LEP) and Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We focus on the relevant signatures at the LHC and at proposed future lepton colliders including electron-positron and muon colliders. Using a cut and count analysis, we show that while the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) may give a hint of new physics, future lepton colliders prove to be efficient discovery probes for the 2HDMS.

   hep-phEPJC(2026)·14 citations
7. 07*

   Updated analysis of charmonium states in a relativized quark potential model

   Xiu-Li Gao🇨🇳 · Jun-Xi Cui🇨🇳 · Yu-Hui Zhou🇨🇳 · Zhi-Yong Zhou🇨🇳

   Motivated by recent experimental observations of charmonium(-like) states, we investigate their interpretation as conventional charmonium states within the framework of relativized quark potential model. We find a consistent description of the updated masses of charmonia, bottomonia and some selected charmed mesons, then systematically compute open-charm strong decay widths and electromagnetic transition widths for radially excited charmonium states up to $n=5$. The numerical results show significantly improved agreement with experimental masses and widths. Notably, the newly-observed ${\chi }_{c1}(4010)$ and ${\chi }_{c1}(4274)$ are tentatively associated with the ${\chi }_{c1}(2P)$ and ${\chi }_{c1}(3P)$ respectively, while the ${\chi }_{c0}(4500)$ and ${\chi }_{c0}(4700)$ are interpreted as the ${\chi }_{c0}(4P)$ and ${\chi }_{c0}(5P)$ states. For the controversial ${\chi }_{c1}(3872)$ state, we suggest its potential connection to ${\chi }_{c1}(4010)$, as a two-pole structure due to the ${\chi }_{c1}(2P)$ coupling to $D\bar{D}$ channels. Intriguingly, the predicted mass of ${\chi }_{c0}(2P)$ is about 3851 MeV, diverging from the original estimate of 3916 MeV in the Godfrey and Isgur's work but consistent with non-relativistic potential model predictions. This calculation might provide more insight to the future experimental investigation of charmonium(-like) states.

   hep-phhep-ex3 citations
8. 08*

   Theoretical study of the $N(1535)$ in the process ${\Lambda }_c^{+}\to n{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^0$

   Ruitian Li🇨🇳 · Xuan Luo🇨🇳 · Hao Sun🇨🇳

   We have investigated the ${\Lambda }_c^{+}\to n{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^0$ decay process using the chiral unitary approach, by considering that the nucleon resonance $N(1535)$ could be dynamically generated through $S$-wave pseudoscalar meson-octet baryon interactions. In the invariant mass distributions of ${\pi }^{0}n$ and ${\pi }^{+}n$, we observe a distinct peak structure associated with the resonance states $N(1535{)}^0$ and $N(1535{)}^{+}$, respectively. Our results suggest that the ${\Lambda }_c^{+}\to n{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^0$ process can be utilized to probe the properties of the nucleon $N(1535)$, and therefore, we encourage more precise experimental measurements of this process in the future.

   hep-phPRD(2025)·3 citations
9. 09*

   Identifying triple-strangeness $\Omega$ hyperons in light of recent experimental results

   Si-Qiang Luo🇨🇳 · Xiang Liu🇨🇳

   In this work, we systematically calculate the mass spectra and decay widths of $\Omega$ baryons with $N\le 3$, where $N=2n_{\rho }+2n_{\lambda }+l_{\rho }+l_{\lambda }$ is the shell of the three-body harmonic oscillator. In our scheme, the newly observed $\Omega (2109)$ is identified as a $N=2$ candidate, with its quantum numbers tentatively assigned as $\Omega (2S,3/2^{+})$. However, the experimentally measured mass exhibits a deviation of approximately 50 MeV below the theoretical predictions. The possible reason for this deviation, along with the suggestion for experiments, are discussed in this paper. Additionally, we give possible assignments of $\Omega (2012{)}^{-}$, $\Omega (2250{)}^{-}$, $\Omega (2380{)}^{-}$, and $\Omega (2470{)}^{-}$. Furthermore, we calculate the masses and widths of other missing $\Omega$ states, which could provide valuable clues for experimental searches aimed at discovering these states.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2025)·12 citations
10. 10*

    Gravitational wave signatures of dark sector portal leptogenesis

    Debasish Borah🇮🇳 · Devabrat Mahanta🇮🇳 · Indrajit Saha🇮🇳

    We study the possibility of probing leptogenesis via stochastic gravitational waves (GW) arising from a dark sector assisted first-order electroweak phase transition. The same dark sector, with non-trivial transformation under an unbroken $Z_2$ symmetry is also responsible for providing the only source of CP asymmetry via one-loop interference with the tree level decay of a heavy right-handed neutrino into lepton and Higgs doublets. The new Yukawa and scalar portal couplings enhance the CP asymmetry allowing TeV scale leptogenesis without any resonant enhancement. Light neutrino masses arise from a combination of type-I and one-loop contributions with vanishing lightest neutrino mass. While the new degrees of freedom in sub-TeV range keep the detection prospects at terrestrial experiments promising, the new scalars enhance the strength of the electroweak phase transition keeping the GW signals within reach of near future experiments like LISA.

    hep-phastro-ph.CO6 citations
11. 11*

    Quantum field theory treatment of the neutrino spin-flavor precession in a magnetic field

    Maxim Dvornikov (IZMIRAN)🇷🇺

    We study the spin-flavor precession of neutrinos in a magnetic field within the quantum field theory approach in which neutrinos are virtual particles. Neutrinos are taken to be Majorana particles having a nonzero transition magnetic moment. We derive the dressed propagators of the neutrino mass eigenstates exactly accounting for the magnetic field contribution. The matrix element and the transition probability for the spin-flavor precession are obtained in the approximation of the forwardly scattered charged leptons. The leading term in the transition probability is shown to coincide with the result of the standard quantum mechanical description of neutrino oscillations. We also discuss the quantum field theory contributions to the neutrino dressed propagators and demonstrate that these contributions result in a small correction to the transition probability. The case of charged leptons with arbitrary energies is considered.

    hep-phhep-thNPB(2026)·5 citations
12. 12*

    Dipionic transitions of $Y(4500)$ to $J/\psi$

    Shidong Liu🇨🇳 · Qi Wu🇨🇳 · Gang Li🇨🇳

    We, using an effective Lagrangian approach, investigated the dipionic transition of the $Y(4500)$ newly well established in the process $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to K^{+}{K}^{-}J/\psi$. In this study, the $Y(4500)$ was considered as a mixture of the $\psi (5S)$ and $\psi (4{}^3{D}_1)$, and its dipionic decay to the $J/\psi$ was assumed to occur via charmed meson loops including box and two kinds of triangle loops. The calculated invariant mass spectra due to the different loop mechanisms exhibit distinct differences. These spectrum patterns are found to be nearly independent of the cutoff parameter, especially for the box and $\mathcal{R}$ loops. By means of comparing our calculated results with the future experimental measurements of the ${\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ and ${\pi }^{\pm }J/\psi$ invariant mass distributions, we could judge which loop mechanism is of more importance in this dipionic transition. The interference among the different kinds of loops is also exhibited. Despite the unknown phase angles between different kinds of loop diagrams, the partial decay width for the process $Y(4500)\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}J/\psi$ is estimated to be 250--700 keV, aligning with the estimation obtained by combining BESIII Collaboration measurements and theoretical predictions for $Y(4500)\to K^{+}{K}^{-}J/\psi$. We hope that the present calculations would be tested by the future BESIII or Belle II experiments.

    hep-phPRD(2025)·4 citations
13. 13*

    Detecting Dark Matter with Neutron Stars

    Anupam Ray🇺🇸

    Neutron stars offer powerful astrophysical laboratories to probe the properties of dark matter. Gradual accumulation of heavy, non-annihilating dark matter in neutron stars can lead to the formation of comparable-mass black holes, and non-detection of gravitational waves from mergers of such low-mass black holes can constrain such dark matter interactions with nucleons. These constraints, though dependent on the currently uncertain binary neutron star merger rate density, are significantly more stringent than those from direct detection experiments and provide some of the strongest limits on heavy, non-annihilating dark matter interactions. Additionally, dark matter with baryon number-violating interactions can induce excess heating in cold neutron stars and is thus significantly constrained by thermal observations of cold neutron stars.

    hep-phastro-ph.CO0 citations
14. 14*

    Charmonium pair production in ultraperipheral collision

    Hao Yang🇨🇳 · Zi-Qiang Chen🇨🇳 · Bingwei Long🇨🇳

    We study the exclusive double charmonium ($J/\psi \text{mbox}-J/\psi$ and ${\eta }_c\text{mbox}-{\eta }_c$) production through photon-photon fusion via ultraperipheral collision (UPC) at the HL-LHC and FCC with next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD predictions in the framework of non-relativistic QCD (NRQCD). Numerical results indicate that the NLO corrections for $J/\psi$ pair are large and negative, while positive for ${\eta }_c$ pair. The total cross section of $J/\psi \text{mbox}-J/\psi$ (${\eta }_c\text{mbox}-{\eta }_c$) in Pb-Pb UPC is 28.0 (65.1) nb at nucleon-nucleon c.m. energy $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.52$ TeV. Due to the backgrounds from various QCD interactions at UPC are highly suppressed and the event topologies for charmonium pair are easy to tag, the phenomenological studies at the LHC and FCC are feasible. The detailed transverse momentum $p_T$, diphoton invariant mass $m_{\gamma \gamma }$ and the rapidity difference $\Delta y$ distributions are given. The production for X(6900) is also discussed.

    hep-phEPJC(2025)·2 citations
15. 15*

    New chiral structures for baryon number violating nucleon decays

    Yi Liao🇨🇳 · Xiao-Dong Ma🇨🇳 · Hao-Lin Wang🇨🇳

    We examine the most general nucleon decay interactions that involve three light quarks without being acted upon by a derivative. We identify four generic operator structures that correspond to the irreducible representations in the chiral group ${\mathrm{SU}(3)}_{\mathtt{L}}\otimes {\mathrm{SU}(3)}_{\mathtt{R}}$ of QCD, \{$8_{\mathtt{L}}\otimes 1_{\mathtt{R}}$, ${\bar{3}}_{\mathtt{L}}\otimes 3_{\mathtt{R}}$, $6_{\mathtt{L}}\otimes 3_{\mathtt{R}}$, ${10}_{\mathtt{L}}\otimes 1_{\mathtt{R}}$\}, plus their chirality partners under the interchange of chiralities $\mathtt{L}\leftrightarrow \mathtt{R}$. While half of them have been extensively discussed in the literature, the other half, $6_{\mathtt{L}(\mathtt{R})}\otimes 3_{\mathtt{R}(\mathtt{L})}$ and ${\overline{10}}_{\mathtt{L}(\mathtt{R})}\otimes 1_{\mathtt{R}(\mathtt{L})}$, are identified for the first time. We perform chiral matching for these interactions at the leading chiral order and find that each has a unique chiral realization in terms of the octet baryons and pseudoscalars. Notably, the chiral interaction in the $6_{\mathtt{L}(\mathtt{R})}\otimes 3_{\mathtt{R}(\mathtt{L})}$ representation appears at the same chiral order as those of the known ones, while the one in the ${10}_{\mathtt{L}(\mathtt{R})}\otimes 1_{\mathtt{R}(\mathtt{L})}$ representation appears at a higher chiral order. These new structures are prevalent in effective field theories and ultraviolet models, and they offer novel experimental avenues to search for baryon number violating nucleon decays.

    hep-phPRL(2025)·16 citations
16. 16*

    Radiative Transitions for the Ground and Excited Charmonia States

    Anurag Yadav🇮🇳 · Satyajit Puhan🇮🇳 · Harleen Dahiya🇮🇳

    In this work, we have investigated the physical properties like decay constants, radiative transitions, decay widths, and branching ratios for the ground and radially excited charmonia states. For the numerical calculations, we have adopted the light-front quark model (LFQM). We have studied ${\chi }_{c0}\to J/\psi +\gamma$ and $\psi (2S)\to {\chi }_{c0}+\gamma$, $h_c(1P)\to {\eta }_c(1S)+\gamma$, and ${\eta }_c(2S)\to h_c(1P)+\gamma$ transitions in this work. We have also demonstrated the behavior of the transition form factors (TFFs) for the $h_c(1P)\to {\eta }_c(1S)+\gamma$ and $\psi (2S)\to {\chi }_{c0}+\gamma$ decays in this model. Using the TFFs results, we have calculated the decay widths and branching ratios for these transitions. Our numerical results of decay constants, decay widths, and branching ratios are overall in good agreement with available experimental, theoretical and lattice simulation data.

    hep-ph2 citations
17. 17*

    Monopoles at Future Neutrino Detectors

    Pablo M. Candela🇪🇸 · Valentin V. Khoze🇬🇧 · Jessica Turner🇬🇧

    We investigate the potential of future neutrino experiments, DUNE and Hyper-Kamiokande, to probe magnetic monopoles via Callan-Rubakov (CR) processes. We consider both relativistic and non-relativistic monopoles and focus on two primary detection signatures: high-energy antiproton production and proton decay catalysis. For relativistic monopoles, our analysis of the CR process indicates antiproton production with energies near 900 GeV and we find that both experiments can provide limits on the fluxes an order of magnitude below the Parker bound (approximately $\Phi \lesssim 10^{-16}\mathrm{c}{\mathrm{m}}^{-2}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}\mathrm{s}{\mathrm{r}}^{-1}$). For non-relativistic monopoles, we recast the experimental sensitivity to proton decay catalysis and obtain upper limits on the monopole flux of $\Phi \lesssim 2.3\times 10^{-23}\mathrm{c}{\mathrm{m}}^{-2}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}\mathrm{s}{\mathrm{r}}^{-1}$ for Hyper-Kamiokande and $\Phi \lesssim 1.1\times 10^{-22}\mathrm{c}{\mathrm{m}}^{-2}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}\mathrm{s}{\mathrm{r}}^{-1}$ for DUNE.

    hep-phJHEP(2025)·4 citations
18. 18*

    Identify hadron anomalous couplings at colliders

    Chao-Qiang Geng🇨🇳 · Chia-Wei Liu🇨🇳 · Yue-Liang Wu🇨🇳

    We investigate the identification of the Wess-Zumino-Witten (WZW) Lagrangian at colliders such as BESIII and the Super-$\tau$-Charm Facility. Our analysis concentrates on the radiative decays of $\eta$ and ${\eta }^{\prime }$ mesons, including ${\eta }^{(\prime )}\to \gamma \gamma$, ${\eta }^{(\prime )}\to \gamma {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$, ${\eta }^{(\prime )}\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}\gamma$, and ${\eta }^{(\prime )}\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$, as well as semileptonic kaon decays such as $K^{+}\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}{e}^{+}{\nu }_e$. Employing the hidden local symmetry framework to incorporate vector meson contributions, we compute the decay amplitudes and form factors. For the decay $\eta \to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}\gamma$, the box anomaly dominates, and we find that the anomalous coupling can be experimentally determined to percent-level precision at BESIII. In contrast, vector meson contributions are significant in the decay ${\eta }^{\prime }\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}\gamma$. Using experimental data for ${\eta }^{\prime }\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}\gamma$, we obtain ${\mathcal{B}}_{\mathrm{box}}^{\text{exp}}=(1.70\pm 0.05)\%$, which is approximately ten times larger than previously expected experimentally. We observe good agreement between our calculated anomalous couplings and experimental results. In kaon decays, WZW terms uniquely contribute to the form factor $H$, which can be extracted from parity-conserving decay distributions. While predictions at the chiral point closely match experimental values (e.g., $H^{+}=-2.31$ versus $-2.27\pm 0.10$), we find that intermediate vector meson states introduce substantial corrections, potentially as large as 25%. We strongly advocate for revisiting these experiments to achieve improved precision in form factor extractions.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2025)·4 citations
19. 19*

    Understanding the Valence Quark Structure of the Pion through GTMDs

    Satyajit Puhan🇮🇳 · Shubham Sharma🇷🇺 · Narinder Kumar🇮🇳 · Harleen Dahiya🇮🇳

    We investigate the internal structure of the pion using generalized transverse momentum-dependent parton distributions (GTMDs) within the light-cone quark model. By solving the quark-quark correlator, we derive the twist-$2$, $3$, and $4$ quark GTMDs in terms of light-front wave functions (LFWFs). Out of the $16$ possible GTMDs, $12$ are found to be nonzero. Furthermore, we extract the valence quark transverse momentum-dependent parton distributions (TMDs) and generalized parton distributions (GPDs) from their corresponding GTMDs. Additionally, we compute the valence quark electromagnetic form factors (FFs) and parton distribution functions (PDFs) up to twist-$4$. The elastic charge radius of the pion is determined to be $0.558$ fm. Our results exhibit a qualitative agreement with predictions from other theoretical model like Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model, Light-front holographic model, and spectator model at the leading twist. This study provides a comprehensive insight into the internal structure of the pion.

    hep-phPTEP(2025)·12 citations
20. 20*

    Gravitational form factors of the pion in the self-consistent light-front quark model

    Yongwoo Choi🇰🇷 · Hyeon-Dong Son🇰🇷 · Ho-Meoyng Choi🇰🇷

    We present a self-consistent light-front quark model (LFQM) analysis of the pion's gravitational form factors (GFFs), incorporating the Bakamjian-Thomas (BT) construction consistently throughout the framework. By uniformly applying the BT formalism to both hadronic matrix elements and their associated Lorentz structures, we achieve a current-component-independent extraction of the pion GFFs $A_{\pi }(t)$ and $D_{\pi }(t)$, thereby eliminating the light-front zero-mode ambiguities that typically hinder conventional LFQM approaches. By tuning the model parameters, we identify an optimal set that successfully reproduces the decay constant and electromagnetic form factor of the pion, while yielding a $D$-term value $D_{\pi }(0)\approx -1$, consistent with predictions from chiral perturbation theory. The $D$-term emerges as a sensitive probe of the pion's internal dynamics, governing its mechanical radius -- the largest among the charge, mass, and mechanical radii. We further examine the pion's spatial structure via its associated two-dimensional light-front densities, including the momentum density, transverse pressure, and shear stress, all of which satisfy the required normalization and von Laue stability conditions. Our results reveal a detailed mechanical landscape: a centrally peaked momentum density that decreases monotonically; a repulsive pressure near the center (up to $x_{\perp }=0.33$~fm) that transitions to attraction in the outer region; and a shear stress profile peaking at an intermediate distance ($x_{\perp }\approx 0.2$~fm).

    hep-phPRD(2025)·12 citations
21. 21*

    Enhanced Quark-Loop Contribution to Pure Annihilation Nonleptonic B-meson decays in PQCD approach

    Hong-Yuan Shen🇨🇳 · Feng-Chen Chu🇨🇳 · Yue-Long Shen · Zhi-Tian Zou🇨🇳

    In this study, we conduct an enhanced investigation of pure annihilation-type charmless hadronic B-decays within the framework of the PQCD approach. Specifically, we account for the quark-loop enhanced contribution to various decay processes at the next-to-leading order(NLO) in the strong coupling constant ${\alpha }_s$. The NLO amplitudes possess large imaginary parts that have signs opposite to those of the leading-order amplitudes. This cancellation effect implies that the NLO contribution does not significantly influence the branching ratios of the processes under consideration. However, the NLO effect explored in this work constitutes an important source of the strong phases in the weak - annihilation non-leptonic ${\bar{B}}_q$-meson decay amplitudes. As a result, it can have a substantial impact on CP - violating observables such as the direct CP asymmetry ${\mathcal{A}}_{\mathrm{CP}}^{\mathrm{dir}}$ and mixing induced CP asymmetry ${\mathcal{A}}_{\mathrm{CP}}^{\mathrm{mix}}$. The numerical result evidently revealed that NLO QCD correction significantly enhances both ${\mathcal{A}}_{\mathrm{CP}}^{\mathrm{dir}}$ and ${\mathcal{A}}_{\mathrm{CP}}^{\mathrm{mix}}$ of the pure annihilation type B decay processes.

    hep-phPRD(2025)·2 citations
22. 22*

    New horizon in particle physics: first observation of CP violation in baryon decays

    Fu-Sheng Yu🇨🇳 · Cai-Dian Lü🇨🇳

    Recently, the LHCb Collaboration achieved the observation of CP violation (CPV) in baryon decays through the process of ${\Lambda }_b^0\to p{K}^{-}{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$, reporting an asymmetry of $(2.45\pm 0.46\pm 0.10)\%$ with a significance of 5.2$\sigma$. This marks a breakthrough and a milestone in particle physics, six decades after the first observation of CPV in mesons. It will be helpful to understand the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe. In addition to the global CPV, local CPV is also observed by LHCb in the low mass region of $m_{p{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}}<2.7$GeV as $(5.4\pm 0.9\pm 0.1)\%$ with a significance of 6.0$\sigma$. Intriguingly, this measurement aligns well with a theoretical prediction of $(5.6-5.9)\%$ based on a CPV dynamics using the data of $N\pi \to p{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ scatterings. Since baryons contain one more quark than mesons, the dynamics of baryon decays are significantly different from those of mesons. Therefore, the first observation of baryon CPV by LHCb opens a new horizon in the studies of dynamics of the strong interaction.

    hep-phhep-exSci.Bull.(2025)·2 citations
23. 23*

    Semileptonic and nonleptonic ${\bar{B}}_s\to D_{sJ}$ decays in covariant light-front approach

    Wu Enqi · Run-Hui Li🇨🇳 · Zhen-Xing Zhao🇨🇳

    In this work, we investigate the ${\bar{B}}_s\to D_{sJ}$ transitions in covariant light-front approach, where $D_{sJ}$ denotes an s-wave or p-wave $c\bar{s}$ meson state. We first obtain the transition form factors within the framework of the quark model, and then apply the obtained form factors to obtain the branching fractions of semileptonic and nonleptonic decays. We also compare our results with experimental data and other theoretical predictions. We find that some branching fractions are sizable and might be accessible at the LHC and future $e^{+}$-$e^{-}$ colliders. Our work is expected to be of great value for establishing corresponding decay channels, and also be helpful in understanding the non-perturbative QCD dynamics.

    hep-phhep-exEPJC(2025)·5 citations
24. 24*

    Minimal effective theory for leptogenesis, dark matter, and neutrino masses

    Tomas Blazek🇸🇰 · Peter Matak🇸🇰 · Jan Ramaj🇸🇰 · Martina Sabova🇸🇰

    We study the phenomenology of choosing a minimal set of effective operators simultaneously generating the dark matter relic density and matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe. Neutrino masses are obtained in a specific case of baryogenesis via leptogenesis. We find that only two new particles -- a heavy unstable fermion and a light dark matter scalar -- need to be included in addition to the Standard Model particle content.

    hep-phEPJC(2025)·4 citations
25. 25*

    Superheavy dark matter from the natural inflation in light of the highest-energy astroparticle events

    Kohta Murase🇺🇸 · Yuma Narita🇯🇵 · Wen Yin🇯🇵

    Superheavy dark matter has been attractive as a candidate of particle dark matter. We propose a ``natural" particle model, in which the dark matter serves as the inflaton in natural inflation, while decaying to high-energy particles at energies of $10^9-10^{13}\text{GeV}$ from the prediction of the inflation. A scalar field responsible for diluting the dark matter abundance revives the natural inflation either with or without the recent data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and baryon acoustic oscillation results from Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument. Since the dark matter must be a spin-zero scalar, we carefully study the galactic dark matter 3-body decay into fermions and two body decays into a gluon pair, and point out relevant multi-messenger bounds that constrain these decay modes. Interestingly, the predicted energy scale may coincide with the AMATERASU event and/or the KM3NeT neutrino event, KM3-230213A. We also point out particle models with dark baryon to further alleviate $\gamma$-ray bounds. This scenario yields several testable predictions for the UHECR observations, including the highest-energy neutrons that are unaffected by magnetic fields, the tensor-to-scalar ratio, the running of spectral indices, ${\alpha }_s\gtrsim \mathcal{O}(0.001)$, and the existence of light new colored particles that could be accessible at future collider experiments. Further measurements of high-energy cosmic rays, including their components and detailed directions, may provide insight into not only the origin of the cosmic rays but also inflation.

    hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEJCAP(2025)·34 citations
26. 26*

    Perturbative analysis of the reheating dynamics of $\alpha$-attractors

    Gabriel German🇲🇽

    We study the reheating phase following inflation in the context of single-field models, focusing on the perturbative decay of the inflaton into lighter particles. A general analytical framework is presented to compute the reheating temperature $T_{re}$ and related quantities by combining cosmological observations with model-dependent parameters. We derive expressions for $T_{re}$ for three types of interactions: gravitational, scalar, and Yukawa-type fermionic couplings, and apply these results to the class of $\alpha$-attractor inflationary models, which exhibit attractor behavior in the $(n_s,r)$ plane. The main goal of this work is to investigate how key cosmological quantities such as $T_{re}$, $N_{re}$, and $m_{\varphi }$ among others, evolve with the scalar spectral index $n_s$ and the Yukawa coupling constant $y$, within a consistent analytical framework. Although the formulas used are approximate, they are sufficient to capture the qualitative behavior of the relevant quantities across a wide range of parameter values. Here, we are not interested in precise numerical approximations or data analysis, but rather in understanding the general trends and dependence of cosmological quantities of interest. In particular, tendencies observed in the figures, such as the sensitivity of $T_{re}$ to the coupling strength and the equation-of-state parameter ${\omega }_{re}$, reflect physical features that are not strongly affected by the approximations involved.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.D(2025)·5 citations
27. 27*

    Examining Lorentz invariance violation with three remarkable GRB photons

    Hanlin Song🇨🇳 · Bo-Qiang Ma🇨🇳

    Lorentz invariance violation in photons can be quantified by measuring the difference in arrival times between high- and low-energy photons originating from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). When analyzing data, it is crucial to consider the inherent time delay in the emission of these photons at the source of the GRB. In a recent study, three distinct models were evaluated to explain the intrinsic emission times of high-energy photons by analyzing 14 multi-GeV photon events detected from 8 GRBs using the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (FGST). In this study, we examine three remarkable GRB photons recorded by different observatories: the 99.3~GeV photon from GRB 221009A observed by FGST, the 1.07~TeV photon from GRB 190114C detected by the Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC) telescope, and the 12.2~TeV photon from GRB 221009A observed by the Large High Altitude Air-shower Observatory (LHAASO). Our analysis indicates that the newly proposed model with a linear relationship between photon energy and intrinsic emission time can offer a consistent framework to explain the behavior of all three exceptional photons with a Lorentz violation scale $E_{\mathrm{LV}}\sim 3\times 10^{17}$~GeV.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEgr-qchep-phPhys.Dark Univ.(2025)·8 citations
28. 28*

    Correlations and fluctuations in a magnetized three-flavor PNJL model with and without inverse magnetic catalysis effect

    Shijun Mao

    The correlations ${\chi }_{11}^{BQ},{\chi }_{11}^{BS},{\chi }_{11}^{QS}$ and quadratic (quartic) fluctuations ${\chi }_{2,4}^{B,Q,S}$ of baryon number $B$, electric charge $Q$ and strangeness $S$ are investigated in a three-flavor PNJL model at finite temperature and magnetic field. The inverse magnetic catalysis (IMC) effect is introduced through the magnetic field dependent parameters $G(eB)$ or $T_0(eB)$, and we make comparison of the results in the cases with and without IMC effect. Since including IMC effect does not change the strength of phase transition under external magnetic field, it does not lead to qualitative difference in the correlations and fluctuations, but modifies their values. Under vanishing and nonvanishing magnetic field, the correlations and fluctuations increase with temperature, and then show the peak around the pseudocritical temperatures of chiral restoration and deconfinement phase transitions. The peak structure in ${\chi }_{11}^{BQ}$, ${\chi }_4^B$ and ${\chi }_4^Q$ are much more apparent than in others. The correlations and fluctuations along the phase transition line under external magnetic field are characterized by the scaled correlations ${\hat{\chi }}_{11}^{XY}=\frac{{\chi }_{11}^{XY}(eB,T_{pc}^c(eB))}{{\chi }_{11}^{XY}(eB=0,T_{pc}^c(eB=0))}$ and scaled quadratic (quartic) fluctuations ${\hat{\chi }}_{2,4}^X=\frac{{\chi }_{2,4}^X(eB,T_{pc}^c(eB))}{{\chi }_{2,4}^X(eB=0,T_{pc}^c(eB=0))}$, with $X,Y=B,Q,S$ and $X\ne Y$ at the pseudocritical temperature $T_{pc}^c$ of chiral restoration phase transition. They increase with magnetic fields due to the increase of phase transition strength under magnetic fields. Among them, ${\hat{\chi }}_{11}^{BQ}$ increases fastest, which may serve as the magnetometer of QCD.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRD(2025)·9 citations
29. 29*

    Kinetic Theory of Quasiparticles, Retarded Correlators and Hydrodynamics

    Ali Hataei🇮🇷 · Roya Heydari🇮🇷 · Farid Taghinavaz🇮🇷

    Within the relaxation time approximation under a constant mass profile, we investigate the collective dynamics of a system of massive relativistic particles described by the Maxwell-Boltzmann equilibrium distribution. We analytically derive the two-point retarded correlation functions for both charge and energy-momentum tensor components at arbitrary momentum and frequency. We expand our results in the limits of very small and very large mass-to-temperature ratios ($m/T$). Similar to the massless case, we identify a critical threshold in ($k\tau$) below which the correlators permit physical solutions. This behavior arises from a logarithmic branch cut in the spectral function. At higher momenta, solutions emerge significantly below this cut, corresponding to non-hydrodynamic modes. Our analysis demonstrates that hydrodynamic poles dominate in the strong coupling regime, while the weak coupling regime features a logarithmic branch cut extending along $\omega =k$ and $\omega =-k$. Notably, in the sound channel, finite mass modifies the standard propagating sound mode, converting it into a purely imaginary mode. In contrast, the shear channel exhibits modes that asymptotically converge to their massless counterparts. Additionally, we compute the transport coefficients for shear and bulk viscosity, along with higher-order gradient corrections up to third order, expressed as perturbative expansions in both the small and large ($m/T$) regimes.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phhep-th3 citations
30. 30*

    The quest for the quark-gluon plasma from the perspective of dynamical models of relativistic heavy-ion collisions

    Marcus Bleicher🇩🇪 · Elena Bratkovskaya🇩🇪

    The physics of heavy-ion collisions is one of the most exciting and challenging directions of science for the last four decades. On the theoretical side one deals with a non-abelian field theory, while on the experimental side today's largest accelerators are needed to enable these studies. The discovery of a new stage of matter - called the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) - and the study of its properties is one of the major achievements of modern physics. In this contribution we briefly review the history of theoretical descriptions of heavy-ion collisions based on dynamical models, focusing on the personal experiences in this inspiring field.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-exhep-phnucl-ex0 citations
31. 31*

    Configuration Requirements for 21-cm Forest Background Quasar Searches with the Moon-based Interferometer

    Siyuan Zhang🇨🇳 · Qi Niu · Yichao Li🇺🇸 · Xin Zhang🇺🇸

    The 21-cm forest offers a powerful cosmological probe of the thermal history and small-scale structure of the intergalactic medium during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). Its success, however, critically depends on the availability of high-redshift radio-loud quasars (HzRLQs) as background sources. In this work, we investigate the configuration requirements for a Moon-based low-frequency radio interferometer aimed at maximizing the detection of HzRLQs for future 21-cm forest studies. Building upon a previously developed quasar luminosity function (QLF), we forecast HzRLQ abundances under various array configurations. Assuming a total survey area of $10^4{\mathrm{deg}}^2$ and 1 year of observation, we compare continuum surveys with 10 MHz bandwidth and 21-cm forest surveys with 5 kHz resolution. Our results show that a minimum collecting area of $\sim$6 500 m${}^2$ enables detection at $z\sim 6$, while SKA-like arrays ($N_{\mathrm{st}}=512$) extend the detection limit to $z\sim 10$ for 21-cm forest survey and $z\sim 16$ for continuum survey. Larger arrays with $N_{\mathrm{st}}=2048$ can reach $z\sim 11$ in 21-cm forest mode. We also explore configurations that maintain fixed collecting areas while increasing the number to enhance survey efficiency. This boosts source detection but significantly increases the data volume and computational demands. These results underscore the importance of optimizing array design for different survey goals and balancing sensitivity, spectral resolution, and data management. A well-designed Moon-based array could open a new observational window on reionization and early cosmic structure formation.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phCPC(2025)·0 citations
32. 32*

    Wigner multiplets in QFT: from Wigner degeneracy to Elko fields

    Cheng-Yang Lee🇨🇳 · Ruifeng Leng🇨🇳 · Siyi Zhou🇨🇳

    We establish the theoretical foundation of the Wigner superposition field, a quantum field framework for spin-1/2 fermions that exhibit a Wigner doublet -- a discrete quantum number arising from nontrivial representations of the extended Poincaré group. In contrast to the previously developed doublet formalism, which treats the Wigner degeneracy as a superficial label, the superposition formalism encodes it directly into the structure of a unified field via a coherent superposition of degenerate spinor fields. By imposing the Lorentz covariance, causality, and canonical quantization, we derive nontrivial constraints on the field configuration, which uniquely identify the Elko field as the consistent realization of the Wigner superposition field. Our analysis further clarifies that although the Elko field is a spinor field, it possesses mass dimension one and obeys the Klein-Gordon rather than the Dirac kinematics. Moreover, we explore the general Elko representation through basis redefinitions, showing that certain traditional properties, such as being eigenspinors of charge conjugation, are artifacts of specific basis choices rather than intrinsic features. Finally, we discuss the physical implications of Elko as a dark matter (DM) candidate. This work lays the foundation for a systematic reformulation of Elko interactions and its phenomenology as a viable component of DM.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2025)·1 citation
33. 33*

    FRB cosmology with the RM-PRS Luminosity Correlation

    Ran Gao · He Gao · Zhengxiang Li · Yuan-Pei Yang🇨🇳

    Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) have emerged as a powerful tool for cosmological studies, particularly through the dispersion measure-redshift ($\mathrm{DM}-z$) relation. This work proposes a novel calibration method for FRBs using the Yang-Li-Zhang (YLZ) empirical relation, which links the rotation measure (RM) of FRBs to the luminosity of their associated persistent radio sources (PRS). We demonstrate that this approach provides independent constraints on cosmological parameters, bypassing limitations inherent to traditional $\mathrm{DM}-z$ method. Utilizing the current sample of four YLZ-calibrated FRBs, we derive a Hubble constant measurement of $H_0=86.18_{-14.99}^{+18.03}\mathrm{km}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}\mathrm{Mp}{\mathrm{c}}^{-1}$ (68\% CL). Monte Carlo simulations indicate that a future catalog of 400 FRB-PSR systems could reduce the relative uncertainty of $H_0$ to 4.5\%. Combining YLZ-calibrated FRBs with $\mathrm{DM}-z$ sample reveals critical synergies: joint analysis of equalized samples ($N=100$ for both methods) reduces the relative uncertainty of $H_0$ to 2.9\%, mainly because the incorporation of PRS observations substantially mitigates the degeneracy between the parameters such as IGM baryon mass fraction ($f_{\mathrm{IGM}}$) and other cosmological parameters inherent to the $\mathrm{DM}-z$ relation.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phApJ(2025)·9 citations
34. 34*

    Modeling frequency instability in high-quality resonant experiments

    Hao-Ran Cui🇺🇸 · Saarik Kalia🇺🇸 · Zhen Liu🇺🇸

    Modern resonant sensing tools can achieve increasingly high quality factors, which correspond to extremely narrow linewidths. In such systems, time-variation of the resonator's natural frequency can potentially impact its ability to accumulate power and its resulting sensitivity. One such example is the Dark SRF experiment, which utilizes superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities with quality factors of $Q\sim 10^{10}$. Microscopic deformations of the cavity lead to stochastic jittering of its resonant frequency with amplitude 20 times its linewidth. Naively, one may expect this to lead to a large suppression in accumulated power. In this work, we study in detail the effects of frequency instability on high-quality resonant systems, utilizing the Dark SRF experiment as a case study. We show that the timescale of jittering is crucial to determining its effect on power accumulation. Namely, when the resonant frequency varies sufficiently quickly, the system accumulates power as if there were no jittering at all. This implies that the sensitivity of a jittering resonator is comparable to that of a stable resonator. In the case of Dark SRF, we find that jittering only induces a $\sim 10\%$ loss in power. Our results allow the dark-photon exclusion bound from Dark SRF's pathfinder run to be refined, leading to a constraint that is an order of magnitude stronger than previously reported (corresponding to a signal-to-noise ratio which is four orders of magnitude larger). This result represents the world-leading constraint on dark photons over a wide range of masses below $6\mu \mathrm{eV}$ and translates to the best laboratory-based limits on the photon mass $m_{\gamma }<2.9\times 10^{-48}\mathrm{g}$.

    ↳ physics.ins-dethep-exhep-phPRD(2026)·2 citations
35. 35*

    Addendum: Fitting the DESI BAO Data with Dark Energy Driven by the Cohen-Kaplan-Nelson Bound

    Patrick Adolf🇩🇪 · Martin Hirsch🇪🇸 · Sara Krieg🇩🇪 · Heinrich Päs🇩🇪 · Mustafa Tabet🇩🇪

    Motivated by the recent Year-2 data release of the DESI collaboration, we update our results on time-varying dark energy models driven by the Cohen-Kaplan-Nelson bound. The previously found preference of time-dependent dark energy models compared to $\Lambda$CDM is further strengthend by the new data release. For our particular models, we find that this preference increases up to $\approx 2.6\sigma$ depending on the used supernova dataset.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thJCAP(2024)·10 citations
36. 36*

    Discovering $\mu$Hz gravitational waves and ultra-light dark matter with binary resonances

    Joshua W. Foster🇺🇸 · Diego Blas🇪🇸 · Adrien Bourgoin🇫🇷 · Aurelien Hees🇫🇷 · Míriam Herrero-Valea🇪🇸 · Alexander C. Jenkins🇬🇧 · Xiao Xue🇪🇸

    In the presence of a weak gravitational wave (GW) background, astrophysical binary systems act as high-quality resonators, with efficient transfer of energy and momentum between the orbit and a harmonic GW leading to potentially detectable orbital perturbations. In this work, we develop and apply a novel modeling and analysis framework that describes the imprints of GWs on binary systems in a fully time-resolved manner to study the sensitivity of lunar laser ranging, satellite laser ranging, and pulsar timing to both resonant and nonresonant GW backgrounds. We demonstrate that optimal data collection, modeling, and analysis lead to projected sensitivities which are orders of magnitude better than previously appreciated possible, opening up a new possibility for probing the physics-rich but notoriously challenging to access $\mu \mathrm{Hz}$ frequency GWs. We also discuss improved prospects for the detection of the stochastic fluctuations of ultra-light dark matter, which may analogously perturb the binary orbits.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRL(2026)·29 citations
37. 37*

    Cosmology in Extended Parameter Space with DESI Data Release 2 Baryon Acoustic Oscillations: A 2$\sigma$+ Detection of Nonzero Neutrino Masses with an Update on Dynamical Dark Energy and Lensing Anomaly

    Shouvik Roy Choudhury🇹🇼

    We obtain constraints in a 12 parameter cosmological model using the recent Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument Data Release (DR) 2 Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) data, combined with cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectra (Planck Public Release, PR, 4) and lensing (Planck PR4 + Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) Data Release (DR) 6) data, uncalibrated Type Ia Supernovae (SNe) data from Pantheon+ and Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 5 (DESY5) samples, and Weak Lensing (WL: DES Year 1) data. The cosmological model consists of six $\Lambda$CDM parameters, and additionally, the dynamical dark energy parameters ($w_0$, $w_a$), the sum of neutrino masses ($\sum m_{\nu }$), the effective number of non-photon radiation species ($N_{\mathrm{eff}}$), the scaling of the lensing amplitude ($A_{\mathrm{lens}}$), and the running of the scalar spectral index (${\alpha }_s$). Our major findings are the following: i) With CMB+BAO+DESY5+WL, we obtain the first 2$\sigma$+ detection of a nonzero $\sum m_{\nu }=0.19_{-0.18}^{+0.15}$ eV (95%). Replacing DESY5 with Pantheon+ still yields a $\sim$1.9$\sigma$ detection. ii) The cosmological constant lies at the edge of the 95% contour with CMB+BAO+Pantheon+, but is excluded at 2$\sigma$+ with DESY5, leaving evidence for dynamical dark energy dataset-dependent and inconclusive. iii) With CMB+BAO+SNe+WL, $A_{\mathrm{lens}}=1$ is excluded at $>2\sigma$, while it remains consistent with unity without WL data - suggesting that the existence of lensing anomaly with Planck PR4 likelihoods may depend on non-CMB datasets. iv) The Hubble tension persists at 3.6-4.2$\sigma$ with CMB+BAO+SNe; WL data has minimal impact.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phApJL·137 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.