Mon·Mar 31, 2025Monday·March 31, 2025

1. 01*

   $U$-spin conjugate $CP$ violation relations in bottom baryon decays

   Bo-nan Zhang🇨🇳 · Di Wang🇨🇳

   Motivated by the first observation of $CP$ violation in baryon decays, we study the relations for $CP$ asymmetries of bottom baryon decays. It is found that all the $CP$ violation ratios of two $U$-spin conjugate decay channels satisfy a simple equation in the $U$-spin limit. As examples, we present the $U$-spin conjugate channels in the four-body decays of bottom baryons. The $CP$ violation ratios between them might provide predictions for unobserved channels and be tested in future experiments.

   hep-phPLB(2025)·11 citations
2. 02*

   The equivalent Electric Dipole Moment in SMEFT

   Marco Ardu🇪🇸 · Nicola Valori🇪🇸

   The Electric Dipole Moment of the electron (eEDM) is typically investigated in experiments using paramagnetic molecules. However, the physical observable in these searches consists in a linear combination of CP-violating interactions, rather than the eEDM alone, which is commonly referred to as the equivalent EDM of the system. Assuming the presence of new CP-odd physics from heavy degrees of freedom, we parameterize its effects within the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) framework. We systematically compute the contributions to the full low-energy direction probed by EDM searches, focusing on leading-order effects at dimension six and one-loop level, while also discussing selected two-loop and dimension-eight contributions. We find that eEDM experiments are sensitive to a broader class of SMEFT operators than previously recognized.

   hep-phPRD(2026)·13 citations
3. 03*

   Advances for QCD and the Standard Model: Color-Confining Light-Front Holography and the Principle of Maximum Conformality

   Stanley J. Brodsky (SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory)🇺🇸

   I review how the application of superconformal quantum mechanics and light-front holography leads to new insights into the physics of color confinement, the spectroscopy and dynamics of hadrons, as well as surprising supersymmetric relations between the masses of mesons, baryons, and tetraquarks. Spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking is automatically fulfilled by supersymmetric Light-Front QCD. The light-front holographic approach (HLFQCD) also predicts the behavior of the QCD running coupling and other observables from the nonperturbative color-confining domain to the perturbative domain. One can determine the QCD running coupling to high precision from the data of just a single experiment over the entire perturbative regime by using the Principle of Maximum Conformality (PMC). The PMC, which generalizes the conventional Gell-Mann-Low method for scale-setting in perturbative QED to non-Abelian QCD, provides a rigorous method for achieving unambiguous scheme-independent, fixed-order Standard Model predictions, consistent with the principles of the renormalization group. I also briefly review a novel feature of hadronic physics predicted by QCD: intrinsic heavy quarks.

   hep-phhep-th0 citations
4. 04*

   Big Bang Nucleosynthesis as a probe of non-standard neutrino interactions and non-unitary three-neutrino mixing

   Gabriela Barenboim🇪🇸 · Stefano Gariazzo🇮🇹 · Alberto Sánchez-Vargas🇪🇸

   In this work we investigate the impact of two phenomenological Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) scenarios concerning the role of neutrinos in the early universe: non-standard neutrino interactions (NSI) and non-unitary three-neutrino mixing. We evaluate the impact of these frameworks on two key cosmological observables: the effective number of relativistic neutrino species (\Neff), related to neutrino decoupling, and the abundances of light elements produced at Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN). For the first time, neutrino CC-NSI with quarks and non-unitary three-neutrino mixing are studied in the context of BBN, and the constraints on such interactions are found to be remarkably restrictive. In particular, the BBN limits are competitive with the ones derived from terrestrial experiments for the non-diagonal CC-NSI parameter ${\epsilon }_{e\alpha }^{udV}$, with $\alpha \ne e$ and for the non-unitarity parameter ${\alpha }_{22}$. In the case of non-unitarity, the combination between neutrino decoupling and BBN imposes stringent constraints that can either mildly favour the existence of New Physics (NP), or reinforce the SM, depending on the choice of the experimental nuclear rates involved in the BBN calculation. These results stress the already noted need for further nuclear rates measurements in order to obtain more robust BBN theoretical predictions.

   hep-phJCAP(2025)·2 citations
5. 05*

   QCD corrections to Higgs boson pair production and decay to the $b\bar{b}{\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$ final state

   Hai Tao Li🇨🇳 · Zong-Guo Si🇨🇳 · Jian Wang🇨🇳 · Xiao Zhang🇨🇳 · Dan Zhao🇨🇳

   We present a comprehensive investigation of next-to-leading order (NLO) quantum chromodynamics (QCD) corrections to Higgs boson pair production and the subsequent decay into $b\bar{b}{\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$. We adopt the narrow-width approximation to separate the production and decay contributions and employ the dipole subtraction method to address infrared divergences inherent in perturbative QCD corrections. After applying a set of typical experimental cuts, we show that NLO QCD corrections to the decay process induce a significant reduction of the fiducial cross section and reshape important kinematic distributions at the 13.6 TeV LHC, such as the invariant mass of the Higgs boson pair and the transverse momentum of the leading $b$-jet. We also investigate the dependence of the kinematic distributions on the Higgs self-coupling and provide the signal acceptance as a function of the Higgs self-coupling modifier with full QCD corrections.

   hep-phhep-exPLB(2025)·4 citations
6. 06*

   Spinor Representations for Fields with any Spin: Lorentz Tensor Basis for Operators and Covariant Multipole Decomposition

   Wim Cosyn🇺🇸 · Frank Vera🇺🇸

   This paper discusses a framework to parametrize and decompose operator matrix elements for particles with higher spin $(j>1/2)$ using chiral representations of the Lorentz group, i.e. the $(j,0)$ and $(0,j)$ representations and their parity-invariant direct sum. Unlike traditional approaches that require imposing constraints to eliminate spurious degrees of freedom, these chiral representations contain exactly the $2j+1$ components needed to describe a spin-$j$ particle. The central objects in the construction are the $t$-tensors, which are generalizations of the Pauli four-vector ${\sigma }^{\mu }$ for higher spin. For the generalized spinors of these representations, we demonstrate how the algebra of the $t$-tensors allows to formulate a generalization of the Dirac matrix basis for any spin. For on-shell bilinears, we show that a set consisting exclusively of covariant multipoles of order $0\le m\le 2j$ forms a complete basis. We provide explicit expressions for all bilinears of the generalized Dirac matrix basis, which are valid for any spin value. As a byproduct of our derivations we present an efficient algorithm to compute the $t$-tensor matrix elements. The formalism presented here paves the way to use a more unified approach to analyze the non-perturbative QCD structure of hadrons and nuclei across different spin values, with clear physical interpretation of the resulting distributions as covariant multipoles.

   hep-phhep-thnucl-thJHEP(2025)·2 citations
7. 07*

   Crystalline Phases in QCD

   Theo F. Motta🇩🇪

   For decades now, low-energy models of QCD have shown indications that a crystalline quark phase could be stable at high chemical potentials. Beyond models, however, there are numerous difficulties in investigating such a hypothesis in full QCD, such as the sign problem. Functional methods do not suffer from the sign problem, and thus, can access the high--$\mu$ side of the QCD phase diagram. The main tool used to look for signs of inhomogeneous/crystalline phases in low-energy models is the so-called ``stability analysis''. In this talk, I show how the standard stability analysis was generalised to be applicable in any theory, including QCD.

   hep-phhep-thnucl-thPoS(2025)·0 citations
8. 08*

   Blazar-Boosted Dark Matter: Novel Signatures via Elastic and Inelastic Scattering

   Jin-Wei Wang🇨🇳

   Blazar-Boosted Dark Matter (BBDM) is a novel mechanism whereby dark matter (DM) particles are accelerated to ultrarelativistic energies through interactions with blazar jets. Focusing on a vector portal DM model, we systematically investigate both elastic and inelastic scattering processes between DM and protons. By analyzing multi-messenger data from ground- and space-based observatories, we derive stringent constraints on the DM-proton scattering cross section ${\sigma }_{\chi p}$. Our results improve upon previous limits from the constant cross section and pure elastic scattering scenarios by several orders of magnitude. The distinctive high-energy gamma ray and neutrino fluxes produced through deep inelastic scattering provide powerful signatures for BBDM indirect detection, enabling constraints that significantly surpass those from traditional direct detection experiments. Notably, our results suggest that DM could be a new source of high-energy neutrinos from blazars, potentially offering an explanation for IceCube's observation of TXS 0506+056.

   hep-phPRD(2025)·15 citations
9. 09*

   Probing a left-right symmetric model from a displaced shower at the CMS muon system

   Wei Liu🇨🇳 · Zixiang Chen🇨🇳

   We study the potential collider discovery for the right-handed neutrinos (RHNs) in the minimal left-right symmetric model (LRSM). In this model, the RHNs can be either produced from the right-handed gauge boson $W_R^{\pm }$, or the scalar triplet $\Delta$ decays. The RHNs can subsequently decay via the heavy $W_R^{\pm }$, making them potentially long-lived. In looking for such long-lived RHNs, a search for displaced shower at CMS muon system is reinterpreted for either the processes, $pp\to W_R^{\pm }\to {\ell }^{\pm }N$ or $pp\to \Delta \to NN$. From the former process, we exclude $M_{W_R}\lesssim 3.6$ TeV using current CMS data, or $\lesssim 8.0$ TeV at the future HL-LHC. For the $pp\to \Delta \to NN$ process, HL-LHC is able to probe much larger parameter space as long as the proper decay length of the RHNs, 0.01 m $\lesssim L_0\lesssim$ 1 m. This implies that the displaced shower searches are able to explore the parameter space of the LRSM which have not been excluded yet.

   hep-phPRD(2025)·5 citations
10. 10*

    Characterizing CJPL's Site-Specific Neutrino Floor as the Neutrino Fog Boundary

    Yingjie Fan🇨🇳 · Xuewen Liu🇨🇳 · Ning Zhou🇨🇳

    The neutrino floor, a theoretical sensitivity limit for dark matter (DM) direct detections, is being redefined as the boundary of a dynamic ``neutrino fog", where neutrino signals become inevitable, obscuring DM detection due to the statistical and systematic uncertainties. This study provides the first site-specific analysis of the neutrino floor at China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL), leveraging its unique geographic and environmental characteristics. We quantify how CJPL's suppressed atmospheric neutrino flux (around 30\% lower than Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS)) reshapes the neutrino floor, thereby enabling improved sensitivity to high-mass WIMPs (mass $>10\mathrm{GeV}$). Using a gradient-based framework, we derive CJPL's neutrino floor and estimate the detection prospects for the PandaX-xT experiment. Our results demonstrate that a 500 tonne-year exposure with PandaX-xT could touch the floor, probing spin independent cross-section down to ${\sigma }_n\sim 3\times 10^{-49}\mathrm{c}{\mathrm{m}}^2$ at a DM mass of 70 GeV/$c^2$.

    hep-phCPC(2025)·1 citation
11. 11*

    Analytic Result of Higgs Boson Decay to Gluons with Full Quark Mass Dependence

    Jian Wang🇨🇳 · Yefan Wang🇨🇳

    We report the first analytic calculation of the Higgs boson decay width to gluons up to next-to-leading order in quantum chromodynamics including full dependence on the bottom and charm quark masses. The interference between top- and bottom/charm-quark-induced amplitudes provides unexpectedly large contributions because the large logarithms of the bottom (charm) quark masses over the Higgs boson mass compensate for the suppression of the Yukawa coupling. These logarithms exhibit a unique structure distinct from Sudakov resummation and more complex than the Higgs-gluon-gluon form factor. Our results demonstrate that the previous calculation with massless bottom and charm quarks overestimates the decay width by nearly 20%. The prediction of the partial decay width with massive quarks provides essential theory input needed in the precise determination of Higgs couplings at future colliders.

    hep-phhep-exPLB(2025)·2 citations
12. 12*

    Topological amplitudes of bottom baryon decays in the $SU(3{)}_F$ limit

    Di Wang🇨🇳 · Wei-Chen Fu🇨🇳

    Motivated by the first observation of CP violation in baryon decays, we study the topological amplitudes of bottom baryon decays in the $SU(3{)}_F$ limit. The topological diagrams of the charmless two-body decays of bottom baryons are presented in detail. The linear relations between topologies and $SU(3)$ irreducible amplitudes are derived through tensor contraction and $SU(3)$ decomposition. Four amplitudes among the 13 independent amplitudes are critical to the CP asymmetries. The small CP asymmetries might indicate small relative strong phases between amplitudes $A_2$ and $A_{12,14}^{\prime }$. To avoid them, we suggest measuring CP asymmetries in the ${\Xi }_b^0\to p{K}^{-}$ and ${\Xi }_b^{-}\to {\Lambda }^0{K}^{-}$ decays. Furthermore, the Körner-Pati-Woo theorem can be tested by measuring the branching fractions of the ${\Lambda }_b^0\to {\Sigma }^0{K}_S^0$ and ${\Lambda }_b^0\to {\Sigma }^{-}{K}^{+}$ modes.

    hep-phCPC(2025)·6 citations
13. 13*

    stanhf: HistFactory models in the probabilistic programming language Stan

    Andrew Fowlie🇨🇳

    In collider physics, experiments are often based on counting the numbers of events in bins of a histogram. We present a new way to build and analyze statistical models that describe these experiments, based on the probabilistic programming language Stan and the HistFactory specification. A command-line tool transpiles HistFactory models into Stan code and data files. Because Stan is an imperative language, it enables richer and more detailed modeling, as modeling choices defined in the HistFactory declarative specification can be tweaked and adapted in the Stan language. Stan was constructed with automatic differentiation, allowing modern computational algorithms for sampling and optimization.

    hep-phhep-exphysics.data-anEPJC(2025)·3 citations
14. 14*

    Lee-Yang zeros in heavy-quark QCD

    Masakiyo Kitazawa🇯🇵 · Tatsuya Wada🇯🇵 · Kazuyuki Kanaya🇯🇵

    We explore the distribution of Lee-Yang zeros around the critical point that appears in the heavy-quark region of QCD at nonzero temperature in lattice numerical simulations. With the aid of the hopping-parameter expansion that is well justified around the critical point in our setting, our numerical analysis is capable of analyzing the partition function for complex parameters with high accuracy. This enables precise analyses of the Lee-Yang zeros around the critical point. We study their finite-size scaling around the critical point. We also propose new methods to utilize the scaling behavior of the Lee-Yang zeros for fixing the location of the critical point.

    hep-phPoS(2025)·1 citation
15. 15*

    Kaon Physics: A Cornerstone for Future Discoveries

    Jason Aebischer🇨🇭 · Atakan Tugberk Akmete🇩🇪 · Riccardo Aliberti🇩🇪 · Wolfgang Altmannshofer🇺🇸 · Fabio Ambrosino🇮🇹 · Roberto Ammendola🇮🇹 · Antonella Antonelli🇮🇹 · Giuseppina Anzivino🇮🇹 · Saiyad Ashanujjaman🇩🇪 · Laura Bandiera🇮🇹 · Damir Becirevic🇫🇷 · Véronique Bernard🇫🇷 and 144 other authors

    The kaon physics programme, long heralded as a cutting-edge frontier by the European Strategy for Particle Physics, continues to stand at the intersection of discovery and innovation in high-energy physics (HEP). With its unparalleled capacity to explore new physics at the multi-TeV scale, kaon research is poised to unveil phenomena that could reshape our understanding of the Universe. This document highlights the compelling physics case, with emphasis on exciting new opportunities for advancing kaon physics not only in Europe but also on a global stage. As an important player in the future of HEP, the kaon programme promises to drive transformative breakthroughs, inviting exploration at the forefront of scientific discovery.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latJ.Phys.G(2025)·11 citations
16. 16*

    Conformal Phase Transition in Supersymmetric QCD

    Kohei Fujikura🇯🇵 · Shota Nakagawa🇨🇳 · Yuichiro Nakai🇨🇳 · Peng Sun🇨🇳 · Yufei Zhang🇨🇳

    We construct a four-dimensional supersymmetric QCD in conformal window with a marginally relevant deformation which triggers the spontaneous breaking of (approximate) scale invariance and the subsequent confinement, generating a mass gap, at an energy scale hierarchically smaller than the Planck scale without fine-tuning. We analyze the finite temperature system and show that the phase transition associated with the breaking of conformal invariance is of the strong first order. When such a phase transition takes place at a temperature of the Universe around the electroweak scale, it generates a stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background probed by future space-based interferometers, while a conformal phase transition in a dark sector at $\mathcal{O}(1)$ GeV generates GWs to explain the reported pulsar timing array signal.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thJHEP(2025)·7 citations
17. 17*

    Transport coefficients of heavy quarks by elastic and radiative scatterings in the strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma

    Ilia Grishmanovskii🇩🇪 · Taesoo Song🇩🇪 · Carsten Greiner🇩🇪 · Elena Bratkovskaya🇩🇪

    We extend our investigation of heavy quark transport coefficients in the effective dynamical quasiparticle model (DQPM) -- which reproduces nonperturbative QCD phenomena in the strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma (sQGP) according to lattice QCD data -- by including inelastic $2\to 3$ processes with massive gluon radiation, in addition to elastic $2\to 2$ parton scattering. Both elastic and inelastic reactions are evaluated at leading order using DQPM-based effective propagators and vertices, accounting for all channels and their interferences. Based on the obtained matrix elements, we calculate various observables connected to a charm quark. First, we calculate the total cross section of a charm quark with the medium partons as functions of temperature and collision energy. Second, we obtain the drag $\mathcal{A}$ coefficient and $\hat{q}$ coefficient of a charm quark as functions of temperature and momentum and also compare our results with those obtained using the Zakharov model for the momentum-dependent strong coupling for the elastic and radiative vertices with a heavy quark, highlighting the importance of the choice of the strong coupling in the determination of transport coefficients. Third, we calculate the spatial diffusion coefficient of a charm quark and compare our results with those obtained using other approaches. Finally, we explore the mass dependence of the diffusion coefficient by comparing the results for charm quark, bottom quark, and infinitely-heavy quark. We found that inelastic processes can play a significant role in the determination of the transport coefficients at large transverse momenta, but are strongly suppressed at low transverse momenta.

    hep-phhep-thPRD(2025)·13 citations
18. 18*

    Prompt inclusive production of $J/\psi$, ${\psi }^{\prime }$ and ${\chi }_c$ mesons at $\sqrt{s}$ $=$ $68.5$ $GeV$ energy within NRQCD $k_t$-factorization approach

    Anna Cisek🇵🇱 · Antoni Szczurek🇵🇱

    We discuss prompt production of $J/\psi$ mesons in proton-proton collisions at the $\sqrt{s}$ $=$ $68.5$ $GeV$ energy within NRQCD $k_t$-factorization approach using different unintegrated gluon distributions functions (UGDFs). We include both direct color-singlet production ($gg\to J/\psi g$) as well as a feed-down from ${\chi }_c\to J/\psi \gamma$ and ${\psi }^{\prime }\to J/\psi X$ decays. The production of the decaying mesons ${\chi }_c$ or ${\psi }^{\prime }$ is also calculated within NRQCD $k_t$-factorization approach. Differential distributions in rapidity and transverse momentum of $J/\psi$ are calculated and compared with experimental data of the LHCb collaborations. The LHCb fixed target data allow to test UGDFs in a new range of $x$.

    hep-phPRD(2025)·1 citation
19. 19*

    Explaining Belle Data on $B\to K^{(\ast )}\nu \bar{\nu }$ Decays via Dark $Z$ Resonances

    T.M. Aliev🇹🇷 · A. Elpe🇹🇷 · I.Turan (METU, Ankara) · L. Selbuz (Ankara U.)🇹🇷

    The Belle II Collaboration reported the first measurement on $\mathrm{Br}(B^{+}\to K^{+}\nu \bar{\nu })$, which lies 2.7$\sigma$ away from the Standard Model expectation. This result may be manifestation of new physics beyond the Standard Model. In present work, motivated by the Belle II measurement, we investigate the effect of a dark photon/dark $Z$ on the rare $B$ meson decay $B^{+}\to K^{+}\nu \bar{\nu }$ and show that the $\mathrm{Br}(B^{+}\to K^{+}\nu \bar{\nu })$ excess from Belle II over the Standard Model expectation explained by the appearance of the dark $Z$ especially in resonances. We also derive constraints on various parameters of the two-Higgs-doublet model extended with a dark Abelian gauge group, in light of the measurement of the $\mathrm{Br}(B^{+}\to K^{+}\nu \bar{\nu })$ by the Belle-II Collaboration as well as the upper bound on $\mathrm{Br}(B^0\to K^{\ast 0}\nu \bar{\nu })$ decay, set by the Belle data. Our results indicate that there exists a common region where both experimental results are satisfied for a dark $Z$ mass around 4.5 GeV with suitable values of the other parameters.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2025)·15 citations
20. 20*

    Heavy-quark corner of the Columbia plot from the center-symmetric Curci-Ferrari model

    V. Tomas Mari Surkau🇫🇷 · Urko Reinosa🇫🇷

    We investigate the heavy-quark corner of the Columbia plot using the gluon potential derived from the Curci-Ferrari extension of the Faddeev-Popov gauge fixing in the center-symmetric Landau gauge, as a proxy for the Polyakov loop potential. In line with the observation that Landau gauge couplings are not that large in the case of heavy-quark QCD, we consider a one-loop approximation and test its consistency by using various renormalization schemes while investigating the dependence of our results on the renormalization scale. We find that the main qualitative features of the phase structure in the heavy-quark regime are reproduced. Our results agree quantitatively with those of simulations to $10\%$ accuracy, which is the expected precision of the one-loop calculations in applications of the Curci-Ferrari model to Yang-Mills or heavy-quark QCD theories.

    hep-phhep-thPRD(2025)·5 citations
21. 21*

    Colour structure of next-to-eikonal correlator webs at three loops

    Abhinava Danish🇮🇳 · Shubham Mishra🇮🇳 · Sourav Pal🇮🇳 · Aditya Srivastav🇮🇳 · Anurag Tripathi🇮🇳

    Correlators of Wilson-line, which capture eikonal contributions, are known to exponentiate in non-abelian gauge theories, and their logarithms can be organised in terms of collections of Feynman diagrams called webs. In~\cite{Agarwal:2020nyc} the concept of correlator web (Cweb), which is a set of skeleton diagrams built with connected gluon correlators and provides a generalisation of webs was introduced. The part of next-to-eikonal contributions to the scattering amplitude which exponentiates is given in terms of next-to-eikonal Cwebs~\cite{Gardi:2010rn,Laenen:2008gt}. In the present article we study next-to-eikonal Cwebs at three loop order, the order at which non trivial Cweb mixing matrices appear for the first time. The methods developed in~\cite{Agarwal:2022wyk} to construct mixing matrices directly without use of replica trick are used in this article to obtain the mixing matrices for next-to-eikonal Cwebs after we establish a relationship between next-to-eikonal and eikonal Cwebs.

    hep-phhep-thPRD(2025)·0 citations
22. 22*

    Leptoquark-mediated Dirac neutrino mass and its impact on $B\to K\nu \bar{\nu }$ and $K\to \pi \nu \bar{\nu }$ decays

    Chuan-Hung Chen🇹🇼 · Cheng-Wei Chiang🇹🇼 · Leon M.G. de la Vega🇹🇼

    Right-handed neutrinos ${\nu }_R$ play a crucial role in flavor-changing neutral-current processes with missing energy, such as $b\to s+\text{slashed}E$ and $d\to s+\text{slashed}E$, where Belle-II reports unexpectedly large branching fraction in $B\to K\nu \bar{\nu }$ decays. Assuming ${\nu }_R$ is the partner of the active neutrino ${\nu }_L$ in the standard model, a Dirac-type neutrino framework emerges. We investigate a scenario of radiative Dirac neutrino mass generation in a scalar leptoquark (LQ) model with a global $U(1{)}_X$ symmetry to suppress Majorana mass, tree-level Dirac mass, and diquark couplings. The simplest LQ realization consists of two $S_1=(3,1,-1/3)$ LQs with distinct $U(1{)}_X$ charges. A non-Casas-Ibarra parametrization is proposed to match neutrino data with fewer model parameters. Imposing current experimental constraints from meson mixing and lepton flavor-violating processes, we find that right-handed neutrino effects can significantly enhance $B\to K^{(\ast )}\nu \bar{\nu }$ and $K^{+}\to {\pi }^{+}\nu \bar{\nu }$. Additionally, the model predicts excesses in $R_D$ from $B\to D\tau \bar{\nu }$ that remain within $1\sigma$ of current experimental data.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2025)·11 citations
23. 23*

    Studying the $K\Lambda$ strong interaction with femtoscopic correlation functions and the $N^{\ast }(1535)$

    Si-Wei Liu🇨🇳 · Ju-Jun Xie🇨🇳

    We investigate the $K\Lambda$ strong interaction dynamics around the energy region of $N^{\ast }(1535)$ resonance through femtoscopic correlation functions within the Koonin-Pratt formalism, where coupled-channel effects of $\pi N$, $K\Lambda$, $K\Sigma$ and $\eta N$ channels are taken into account, by means of which the $N^{\ast }(1535)$ resonance can be dynamically generated in the chiral unitary approach. Two-body scattering amplitudes are calculated using the chiral unitary approach, and the corresponding wave functions and correlation functions are obtained. Our analysis shows that the $\pi N$ channel becomes important to the $K^{+}\Lambda$ correlation function through coupled channel effects, even if its mass threshold is far from the energy region of the $N^{\ast }(1535)$. Furthermore, with the picture that the $N^{\ast }(1535)$ is a dynamically generated state, we can get a good reproduction of the experimental data on the $K^{+}\Lambda$ correlation function. This work establishes femtoscopic correlation functions as a sensitive probe for coupled-channel dynamics and validates the Koonin-Pratt framework in multi-channel hadronic systems, offering critical insights into some exotic hadron states and strong interaction mechanisms.

    hep-phnucl-thPRD(2025)·12 citations
24. 24*

    Cosmological Origin of the KM3-230213A event and associated Gravitational Waves

    Ki-Young Choi🇰🇷 · Erdenebulgan Lkhagvadorj🇰🇷 · Satyabrata Mahapatra🇰🇷

    We propose a novel cosmological scenario to explain the exceptional KM3-230213A neutrino event reported at an energy scale of $\mathcal{O}(100)$~PeV by the KM3NeT collaboration, along with its associated gravitational wave (GW) signatures. In our framework, ultra high energy neutrinos originate from the decay of a super-heavy sterile neutrino produced via the Hawking evaporation of primordial black holes (PBHs) in the early Universe. Employing an ultraviolet complete type-I seesaw model, we demonstrate that while two sterile neutrinos are responsible for light neutrino masses as required by oscillation data, one sterile neutrino can have an exceedingly feeble coupling, allowing its lifetime to be tuned so that its decay yields a neutrino flux consistent with the observed event. Furthermore, our scenario predicts two distinct GW signatures: one arising from gravitons emitted during PBH evaporation and another from the Bremsstrahlung process during the decay of the sterile neutrino. These complementary signals provide a multi-messenger probe of the underlying physics. Our results thus offer a compelling explanation for the KM3-230213A event and open new avenues for investigating the interplay between high-energy neutrino astronomy and gravitational wave cosmology.

    hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEhep-exJCAP(2025)·29 citations
25. 25*

    Anomalous dimensions for exclusive processes

    S. Van Thurenhout🇭🇺

    We give an overview of recent developments in the computation of the anomalous dimension matrix of composite operators in non-forward kinematics. The elements of this matrix set the evolution of non-perturbative parton distributions such as the generalized parton distribution functions. The latter provide important information about hadronic structure and are accessible experimentally in hard exclusive scattering processes. We focus our discussion on a recent method that exploits consistency relations for the anomalous dimensions which follow from the renormalization structure of quark and gluon operators.

    hep-phhep-thActa Phys.Polon.Supp.(2025)·0 citations
26. 26*

    Search for mirror hidden sector with neutral kaons at NA64

    S.N. Gninenko🇷🇺 · N.V. Krasnikov🇷🇺

    Mirror matter from the dark hidden sector with the same particle content and gauge interactions as in the standard model is still an interesting candidate for dark matter. Several experiments on search for positronium and neutron oscillations into their mirror partner have been conducted recently. In this work we consider the transitions $K^0-K_m^0$ of a neutral kaon into a hidden mirror kaon. It is shown that their probability can be probed with the sensitivity of $P(K^0-K_m^0)\lesssim 10^{-7}$ from the search for missing-energy events in the NA64 experiment at the CERN SPS with $\sim 10^{11}$ $K^{+}$ on target.This would result in a limit on the $K^0-K_m^0$ mixing parameter much stronger than the similar bound estimated from the cosmological considerations.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2025)·1 citation
27. 27*

    Bottomonium suppression in pNRQCD and open quantum system approach

    Ajaharul Islam🇺🇸 · Nora Brambilla🇩🇪 · Miguel Ángel Escobedo🇪🇸 · Michael Strickland · Antonio Vairo🇩🇪 · Peter Vander Griend🇺🇸

    By employing the potential non-relativistic quantum chromodynamics (pNRQCD) effective field theory within an open quantum system framework, we derive a Lindblad equation governing the evolution of the heavy-quarkonium reduced density matrix, accurate to next-to-leading order (NLO) in the ratio of the state's binding energy to the medium's temperature [1]. The derived NLO Lindblad equation provides a more reliable description of heavy-quarkonium evolution in the quark-gluon plasma at low temperatures compared to the leading-order truncation. For phenomenological applications, we numerically solve this equation using the quantum trajectories algorithm. By averaging over Monte Carlo-sampled quantum jumps, we obtain solutions without truncation in the angular momentum quantum number of the considered states. Our analysis highlights the importance of quantum jumps in the nonequilibrium evolution of bottomonium states within the quark-gluon plasma [2]. Additionally, we demonstrate that the quantum regeneration of singlet states from octet configurations is essential to explain experimental observations of bottomonium suppression. The heavy-quarkonium transport coefficients used in our study align with recent lattice QCD determinations.

    hep-phPoS(2025)·2 citations
28. 28*

    Spin Polarization of $\Lambda$ hyperons from Dissipative Spin Hydrodynamics

    Sapna🇮🇳 · Sushant K. Singh🇮🇹 · David Wagner🇮🇹

    We present a framework for spin dynamics in the quark-gluon plasma created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Under the approximation of small polarization, macroscopic spin degrees of freedom decouple from the background, and their evolution equations and transport coefficients have been computed using quantum kinetic theory of massive particles with nonlocal collisions. Employing this theory, we numerically solve dissipative relativistic spin hydrodynamics. We explore three interaction scenarios between constituent particles and apply this framework to compute both global and local spin polarization of $\Lambda$ hyperons in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV. Our results show that the initially vanishing spin potential relaxes toward thermal vorticity, driving global polarization. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the sign of longitudinal polarization is sensitive to the interaction type, emphasizing the need for a consistent treatment of dissipative effects in spin hydrodynamics to describe experimental data.

    hep-phnucl-thPRC(2025)·29 citations
29. 29*

    Towards a Quantum Information Theory of Hadronization: Dihadron Fragmentation and Neutral Polarization in Heavy Baryons

    Rebecca von Kuk🇩🇪 · Kyle Lee🇺🇸 · Johannes K. L. Michel🇳🇱 · Zhiquan Sun🇺🇸

    We pioneer the application of quantum information theory to experimentally distinguish between classes of hadronization models. We adapt the CHSH inequality to the fragmentation of a single parton to hadron pairs, a violation of which would rule out classical dynamics of hadronization altogether. Furthermore, we apply and extend the theory of quantum contextuality and local quantum systems to the neutral polarization of a single spin-1 hadronic system, namely the light constituents of excited Sigma baryons ${\Sigma }_{c,b}^{\ast }$ formed in the fragmentation of heavy quarks.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-th+124 citations
30. 30*

    Precision Tests in $b\to s{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ ($\ell =e,\mu$) at FCC-ee

    Marzia Bordone🇨🇭 · Claudia Cornella🇨🇭 · Joe Davighi🇨🇭

    The rare semi-leptonic decays $B\to K^{\ast }{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$, with $\ell =e,\mu$, are highly sensitive to new physics (NP) due to their suppression in the Standard Model (SM). Current LHCb measurements in the muon channel exhibit a significant tension with state-of-the-art SM theory predictions. The proposed tera-$Z$ run at FCC-ee provides a unique opportunity to untangle the origin of this tension by producing a very large sample of $B$-mesons in a clean $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ environment. We explore the expected precision of $B\to K^{\ast }{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ ($\ell =e,\mu$) measurements at FCC-ee, complementing existing studies with ${\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$ in the final state, and compare with HL-LHC projections. For the case of muons in the final state, we show that HL-LHC and FCC-ee are expected to deliver a similar number of events, while the latter performs much better in the case of final state electrons. Regardless of the lepton flavour, we expect the FCC-ee environment to be much cleaner than at HL-LHC, with subleading systematics. We also find that a significant reduction in theory uncertainties on the SM predictions is required to capitalize on the advantage going from HL-LHC to FCC-ee. We demonstrate the power of such measurements at FCC-ee to extract information on the long-distance contribution to these decays, and to reveal evidence for new physics even if no deviations are seen in electroweak precision tests.

    hep-phEPJC(2025)·8 citations
31. 31*

    Neutrino Non-Standard Interaction and Implications

    Anjan Giri🇮🇳

    We discuss the possible implications of physics beyond the standard model in the neutrino sector applying non-standard interaction. Recently, the NOvA and T2K neutrino experiments have announced their measurements for the CP violating parameter ${\delta }_{CP}$. The observed value of T2K is around 1.5$\pi$, while NOvA gives the same parameter value around 0.8$\pi$ in the normal mass order scenario. Although it is too early to make any conclusions about the difference in measurements but attempts have been made in the literature to invoke the new physics ideas to explain the difference. We include the dual non-standard neutrino interaction effects and find interesting results. Furthermore, we show the possibility of seeing an appreciable difference in the normal and inverted neutrino mass hierarchies if one measures the CP asymmetries in the upcoming long-baseline neutrino experiments.

    hep-ph0 citations
32. 32*

    Higgs Criticality and the Metastability Bound: a target for future colliders

    Maximilian Detering🇬🇧 · Victor Enguita🇪🇸 · Belen Gavela🇪🇸 · Thomas Steingasser🇺🇸 · Tevong You🇬🇧

    New physics at the TeV scale or lower may destabilise the electroweak vacuum. How low could the vacuum instability scale be? This fundamental question may be tied to a deeper understanding of the Higgs potential and its associated hierarchy problem. The scale of vacuum instability can be viewed as an upper bound on the Higgs mass-the so-called vacuum metastability bound-and criticality of the Higgs potential through some underlying mechanism then places our universe at this metastable point. In this report, we summarise recent work developing this eminently testable hypothesis. If the vacuum metastability bound plays a role in determining the properties of the Higgs boson, the new physics responsible will likely be discovered or excluded in the entire natural region of parameter space at future facilities. This makes it a tantalising and attractive target for future colliders.

    hep-phhep-th2 citations
33. 33*

    A Search for "New Physics'' "Beyond the Standard Model'' in Open Data with Machine Learning

    Rikab Gambhir🇺🇸

    In this new era of large data, it is important to make sure we do not miss any signs of new physics. Using the publicly-available open data collected by the arXiv.org experiment in the \texttt{hep-ph} channel, corresponding to a raw total integrated $\mathcal{L}$iterature of 65,276 papers, we perform a search for ``New Physics'' and related signals. In the worst-case, we are able to detect ``New Physics'' with ``the LHC'' at a significance level of at least $6.5\sigma$. This ``New Physics'' signature is primarily ``Dark'' in nature, and is potentially axion(-like) dark matter. We also show the potential for further improvement in the future, and that ``New Physics'' can be found with ``a Future Collider'' at at least $8.9\sigma$, as well as the potential to find ``New Physics'' without any collider at all. This search is performed using code that was $80\%$ written by Machine Learning methods.

    hep-ph0 citations
34. 34*

    Collinear bootstrap for N=(1,1) sYM

    A.V. Belitsky🇺🇸 · V.A. Smirnov🇷🇺

    We study the multi-collinear behavior of tree amplitudes in the six-dimensional N = (1,1) super Yang-Mills theory (sYM). A generalized dimensional reduction of the latter yields the four-dimensional N = 4 sYM on the Coulomb branch, which is of interest for considerations of massive or off-shell scattering. To this end, we revisit the calculation of tree scattering in the former theory employing the collinear bootstrap and known massless limits. Assuming the universality of the double-collinear asymptotics, the result for six-leg superamplitudes differs from the one available in the literature. We further extract the triple-collinear splitting superamplitudes from these.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phPRD(2025)·3 citations
35. 35*

    Madgraph on GPUs and vector CPUs: towards production (The 5-year journey to the first LO release CUDACPP v1.00.00)

    Andrea Valassi🇨🇭 · Taylor Childers🇺🇸 · Stephan Hageböck🇨🇭 · Daniele Massaro🇨🇭 · Olivier Mattelaer🇧🇪 · Nathan Nichols🇺🇸 · Filip Optolowicz🇨🇭 · Stefan Roiser🇨🇭 · Jørgen Teig🇨🇭 · Zenny Wettersten🇨🇭

    The effort to speed up the Madgraph5_aMC@NLO generator by exploiting CPU vectorization and GPUs, which started at the beginning of 2020, has delivered the first production release of the code for leading-order (LO) processes in October 2024. To achieve this goal, many new features, tests and fixes have been implemented in recent months. This process benefitted also from the early feedback of the CMS experiment. In this contribution, we report on these activities and on the status of the LO software at the time of CHEP2024.

    ↳ physics.comp-phhep-exhep-phEPJ Web Conf.(2025)·10 citations
36. 36*

    Exploring sub-GeV Dark Matter Physics with Cosmic Ray and Future Telescopes

    Guansen Wang🇨🇳 · Bing-Yu Su🇨🇳 · Lei Zu🇵🇱 · Lei Feng🇨🇳

    If sub-GeV Dark matter(DM) annihilates to the charged particles such as $e^{+}{e}^{-}$, ${\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$, or ${\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$, it generates an additional source of electrons and positrons in the cosmic ray (CR) population within our Milky Way. During propagation, these secondary electrons and positrons undergo reacceleration processes, boosting their energies to the GeV scale. Observatories like AMS-02 can detect these high-energy particles, enabling constraints on the properties of sub-GeV DM. By analyzing AMS-02 electron and positron data, the 95\% upper limits on the DM annihilation cross-section have been established in the range of $10^{-28}$ to $10^{-27}$ cm${}^3$s${}^{-1}$, corresponding to DM masses ranging from 100 MeV to 1 GeV. Meanwhile, MeV telescopes will provide complementary constraints on DM properties by detecting photon emissions from such annihilation processes. Notably, the sensitivity of future MeV gamma-ray observatories is projected to approach or match the constraints derived from CR data.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phEPJC(2025)·8 citations
37. 37*

    Comment on "Evaluation of kinetic freeze-out properties in different relativistic heavy-ion collision systems at \sqrtsNN = 200 GeV'' (Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2025) 140:179) https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06119-0

    M. U. Ashraf

    The comment raises serious concerns regarding the authors claims about the phase transition from the QGP phase to the hadron gas phase. Additionally, the comment critiques the fundamental distinction between the kinetic freeze-out temperature and the critical temperature, as the authors erroneously treat them as identical in their article. The authors also assert that the critical temperature is system dependent which contradicts established lattice QCD calculations. Furthermore, there are flaws in their handling of data uncertainties, which could significantly affect the quality of the fit. Furthermore, they misrepresent AMPT-simulated data as experimental data, which undermines the validity of their analysis. Flaws in their handling of data uncertainties also cast doubt on the robustness of their fits.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phEur.Phys.J.Plus(2025)·1 citation
38. 38*

    QCD thermodynamics with dynamical chiral fermions

    Z. Fodor🇩🇪 · A.Yu. Kotov🇩🇪 · T.G. Kovacs🇭🇺 · K.K. Szabo🇩🇪

    We discuss properties of thermal Quantum Chromodynamics obtained by means of lattice simulations with overlap fermions. This fermion discretisation preserves chiral symmetry at finite lattice spacing. We present details of the formulation and results for the chiral observables. We determine the topological susceptibility from simulations at fixed global topological charge based on the slab method. Using the measured values of the topological susceptibility we sum the chiral observables over all topological sectors. The volume dependence of the chiral susceptibility is in agreement with the crossover nature of the thermal QCD phase transition. Additionally we discuss the spectrum of the overlap Dirac operator and its volume and temperature dependence. Presented results are obtained at the temporal lattice extent $N_t=8$.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phhep-thPoS(2025)·9 citations
39. 39*

    Casimir pressure with dissipation and quantum corrections from axion dark matter

    Philippe Brax🇫🇷 · Pierre Brun🇫🇷

    We study the effects of the oscillating axion field present in our environment on the Casimir pressure between two metallic plates. We take into account the finite conductivity of the boundary plates and model the interactions between matter and photons in the Schwinger-Keldysh formalism. This allows us to take into account dissipation in the quantum field description of this open quantum system and retrieve the Lifschitz results for the Casimir interaction between two metallic plates. We then compute the leading correction to the Lifschitz theory in inverse powers of the axion suppression scale and show that the Casimir pressure receives oscillating corrections depending on the product of the axion mass and the distance between the plates. This contribution is repulsive at large distance compared to the axion Compton wavelength as a consequence of the breaking of parity invariance by the axion dark matter background.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COhep-phquant-phPRD(2025)·1 citation
40. 40*

    Thermodynamics and Multi-Horizon Solutions in Quartic Quasitopological Gravity: A Power-Maxwell Approach

    A. Bazrafshan🇮🇷 · M. Ghanaatian🇮🇷 · P. Mirsalari🇮🇷 · Gh. Forozani🇮🇷

    In this paper, we derive exact black hole solutions within the framework of fourth-order quasitopological gravity (4QTG) coupled to power-law Maxwell electrodynamics in five-dimensional spacetimes. We explore the thermodynamic properties of these solutions, including entropy, temperature, and electric potential, and verify the validity of the first law of thermodynamics. Our analysis spans asymptotically anti-de Sitter (AdS), de Sitter (dS), and flat spacetimes, revealing that thermal stability is exclusively achievable in asymptotically AdS black holes, while dS and flat solutions exhibit universal instability. The study highlights the unique role of higher-curvature terms in modifying black hole thermodynamics and horizon structures, providing new insights into the interplay between geometry, thermodynamics, and quantum gravity via the AdS/CFT correspondence. Furthermore, we demonstrate that 4QTG supports multi-horizon black holes even in the absence of charge, a feature absent in Einstein gravity. These findings underscore the importance of higher-curvature corrections in resolving classical limitations of general relativity and offer new avenues for exploring quantum gravity and holographic duality.

    ↳ gr-qchep-ph1 citation
41. 41*

    Learnable cut flow for high energy physics

    Jing Li🇨🇳 · Hao Sun🇨🇳

    Neural networks have emerged as a powerful paradigm for tasks in high energy physics, yet their opaque training process renders them as a black box. In contrast, the traditional cut flow method offers simplicity and interpretability but requires extensive manual tuning to identify optimal cut boundaries. To merge the strengths of both approaches, we propose the Learnable Cut Flow (LCF), a neural network that transforms the traditional cut selection into a fully differentiable, data-driven process. LCF implements two cut strategies-parallel, where observable distributions are treated independently, and sequential, where prior cuts shape subsequent ones-to flexibly determine optimal boundaries. Building on this strategy, we introduce the Learnable Importance, a metric that quantifies feature importance and adjusts their contributions to the loss accordingly, offering model-driven insights unlike ad-hoc metrics. To ensure differentiability, a modified loss function replaces hard cuts with mask operations, preserving data shape throughout the training process. LCF is tested on six varied mock datasets and a realistic diboson vs. QCD dataset. Results demonstrate that LCF 1. accurately learns cut boundaries across typical feature distributions in both parallel and sequential strategies, 2. assigns higher importance to discriminative features with minimal overlap, 3. handles redundant or correlated features robustly, and 4. performs effectively in real-world scenarios. In the diboson dataset, LCF initially underperforms boosted decision trees and multiplayer perceptrons when using all observables. LCF bridges the gap between traditional cut flow method and modern black-box neural networks, delivering actionable insights into the training process and feature importance. Source code and experimental data are available at https://github.com/Star9daisy/learnable-cut-flow.

    ↳ cs.LGhep-phJHEP(2025)·0 citations
42. 42*

    To CPL, or not to CPL? What we have not learned about the dark energy equation of state

    Savvas Nesseris🇪🇸 · Yashar Akrami🇪🇸 · Glenn D. Starkman🇺🇸

    We show that using a Taylor expansion for the dark energy equation-of-state parameter and limiting it to the zeroth and first-order terms, i.e., the so-called Chevallier-Polarski-Linder (CPL) parametrization in regimes where it has been shown to fail as a physics-based two-parameter model, instead of allowing for higher-order terms and then marginalizing over them, adds extra information not present in the data and leads to markedly different and potentially misleading conclusions. Fixing the higher-order terms to zero, one concludes that vacuum energy that is currently non-dynamical (e.g., the cosmological constant) is excluded at several $\sigma$ significance as the explanation of cosmic acceleration, even in Dark Energy Spectroscopic Survey (DESI) DR1 data. Meanwhile, instead marginalizing over the higher-order terms shows that we know neither the current dark energy equation of state nor its current rate of change well enough to make such a claim. The CPL parametrization also implies that dark energy exhibits phantom behavior at high redshifts, while we show that by allowing the higher-order terms---which is required in order to capture the behavior of the dark energy equation of state in regimes beyond the validity of the CPL parametrization---the evidence for this phantom-like dark energy significantly weakens. This is not an argument for the higher-order phenomenological parametrizations, but rather a caution regarding such parametrizations in general. This issue has become more prominent now with the recent release of high-quality Stage IV galaxy survey data. The results of analyses using simple parametrizations should be interpreted with great care.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thPRD(2026)·59 citations
43. 43*

    Non-parametric and continuous extraction of amplitudes in electroweak penguin decays

    Anja Beck🇺🇸 · Michele Atzeni🇺🇸 · Eluned Smith🇺🇸

    We introduce a novel approach to extract the decay-amplitudes in $B\to V(\to M_1{M}_2){\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ processes, where $V$ represents a meson with either $J=0$ (S-wave) or $J=1$ (P-wave). This approach enables the decay-amplitudes across the dihadron and dilepton invariant-masses to be extracted from data in a model-independent and continuous way. To achieve this, the angular decay rate is expressed in a way that allows the application of the \sPlot technique to likelihood fits of the decay angles. We illustrate the abilities of this method on simulated $B^0\to K^{+}{\pi }^{-}{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ data, containing both S- and P-wave contributions to the $K^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ system. We provide the weight functions and show that they allow the extraction of the absolute value of the P-wave and S-wave transversity amplitudes as a function of the dihadron and dimuon invariant-masses in a continuous, unbiased, and statistically-powerful way, while only relying on the angular distribution. As a consequence, the extracted amplitude shapes are model-independent -- up to the angular terms included in the fit -- and can be directly compared to theoretical predictions. A measurement using this technique can improve the sensitivity to potential new physics effects in $b\to s{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ transitions, as well as the understanding of hadronic form factors, particularly in the S-wave system.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phJINST(2025)·1 citation
44. 44*

    Physics-informed gauge theories

    Friederike Ihssen🇩🇪 · Jan M. Pawlowski🇩🇪

    We use the physics-informed renormalisation group (PIRG) for the construction of gauge invariant renormalisation group flows. The respective effective action is a sum of a gauge invariant quantum part and the classical gauge fixing part which arranges for invertibility of the gauge field two-point function. Thus, the BRST transformations simply accommodate the gauge consistency of the gauge fixing sector, while the quantum part of the effective action is gauge and BRST invariant. We apply this physics-informed approach to Yang-Mills theory and gravity and show how the flowing gauge fields arrange for full gauge invariance. We also embed the background field approximation to the functional renormalisation group (fRG) in an exact gauge invariant PIRG flow. This allows us to discuss the dynamics of the correction terms, and the non-trivial ultraviolet or infrared relevant terms are elucidated within a one-loop approximation. The background field approximation of the latter is known for violating one-loop universality for specific regulators and we show how the present setup reinstates universality in a constructive way. Finally, we discuss the landscape of fRG flows in gauge theories through the lens of the novel PIRG approach as well as potential applications.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phPRD(2025)·13 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.