Thu·Feb 13, 2025Thursday·February 13, 2025

1. 01*

   Heavy Flavor Jet Substructure at Lepton Colliders

   Prasanna K. Dhani🇪🇸 · Oleh Fedkevych🇺🇸 · Andrea Ghira🇮🇹

   We provide a detailed analysis of event-shape observables, namely the energy correlation function and jet angularity, for heavy-flavor jets produced in electron-positron collisions, focusing on quantum chromodynamics (QCD) interactions. Using modern jet substructure techniques, we investigate the dead-cone effect, where QCD radiation is suppressed around a heavy quark within an angle proportional to its mass. Our analysis achieves next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy, combined with fixed-order contributions, to improve the description of the transition near the dead-cone threshold. To ensure a comprehensive perspective, we compare our analytical results with predictions from the Pythia, Herwig and Sherpa Monte Carlo simulations at past and future lepton colliders.

   hep-phPRD(2025)·4 citations
2. 02*

   Asymmetric Dark Matter in SUSY with approximate $R-$symmetry

   Marco Ardu🇪🇸 · Daniel Queiroz Correa🇪🇸 · Oscar Vives🇪🇸

   We implement the asymmetric dark matter framework, linking the ordinary and dark matter abundances, within a supersymmetric context. We consider a supersymmetric model that respects an approximate $U(1{)}_R$ symmetry, which is broken in such a way that at high temperature the $R$ breaking sector mediate processes in equilibrium, but at the SUSY mass scale, the sparticles asymmetry is frozen. In this framework, the gravitino serves as the dark matter candidate, and its mass is predicted to be $\sim 10$ GeV to match the observed relic abundance. We identify several realistic spectra; however, the requirement for the Next-to-Lightest Supersymmetric Particle (NLSP) to decay into the gravitino before Big Bang Nucleosynthesis constrains the viable spectrum to masses above 2 TeV.

   hep-phJCAP(2025)·2 citations
3. 03*

   Constraints on the neutrino extension of the Standard Model and baryon asymmetry of the Universe

   Volodymyr Gorkavenko🇺🇦 · Oleksandr Khasai🇺🇦 · Oleg Ruchayskiy🇩🇰 · Mariia Tsarenkova🇺🇦

   Heavy neutral leptons (HNLs) can cause new effective interactions of Standard Model particles, particularly charged lepton flavour violation (cLFV) processes. The non-observation of cLFV processes, therefore, puts constraints on the parameters of the HNLs. We find the relations between the cLFV effective operators in the realistic case when active neutrino masses are non-zero and masses of the HNLs are non-degenerate. This allows us to strengthen the existing cLFV constraints. We also link the baryon asymmetry of the Universe to the same cLFV effective operators, which imposes new restrictions on their values.

   hep-phhep-exUkr.J.Phys.(2024)·0 citations
4. 04*

   Screening rho-meson mass in the presence of strong magnetic fields

   Luis A. Hernández🇲🇽 · Juan D. Martínez-Sánchez🇲🇽 · R. Zamora🇨🇱

   We study the screening mass of the neutral rho-meson in the presence of strong magnetic fields using the Kroll-Lee-Zumino (KLZ) model. The rho-meson self-energy is computed at one-loop order within the lowest Landau level (LLL) approximation, considering the magnetic field as the dominant energy scale. Due to Lorentz symmetry breaking induced by the external field, we decompose the self-energy into three independent tensor structures, which give rise to three distinct modes. Additionally, the four-momentum splits into parallel and perpendicular components, leading to two types of screening masses: the parallel screening mass ( $p_0=0$ and $p_{\perp }\to 0$ ) and the perpendicular screening mass ( $p_0=0$ and $p_{\parallel }\to 0$ ). Our results show that the zero and perpendicular modes exhibit a monotonically increasing behavior with the magnetic field strength, whereas the parallel mode remains essentially constant. These findings provide new insights into the behavior of vector mesons in strongly magnetized media, with implications for QCD under extreme conditions.

   hep-phhep-thPRD(2025)·5 citations
5. 05*

   ARCANE Reweighting: A Monte Carlo Technique to Tackle the Negative Weights Problem in Collider Event Generation

   Prasanth Shyamsundar🇺🇸

   Negatively weighted events, which appear in the Monte Carlo (MC) simulation of particle collisions, significantly increases the computational resource requirements of current and future collider experiments. This paper introduces and theoretically discusses an MC technique called ARCANE reweighting for reducing or eliminating negatively weighted events. The technique works by redistributing (via an additive reweighting) the contributions of different pathways within an event generator that lead to the same final event. The technique is exact and does not introduce any biases in the distributions of physical observables. A companion paper demonstrates the technique for a physics example.

   hep-phhep-ex4 citations
6. 06*

   A Demonstration of ARCANE Reweighting: Reducing the Sign Problem in the MC@NLO Generation of $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to q\bar{q}+1jet$ Events

   Prasanth Shyamsundar🇺🇸

   Negatively weighted events, which appear in the simulation of particle collisions, significantly increase the computational requirements of collider experiments. A new technique called ARCANE reweighting has been introduced in a companion paper to tackle this problem. This paper demonstrates the technique for the next-to-leading-order generation of $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to q\bar{q}+1jet$ events. By redistributing the contributions of "standard" and "hard remainder" pathways in the generator that lead to the same final event, ARCANE reweighting almost completely eliminates the negative weights problem for this process. Some thoughts on implementing the technique in other scenarios are provided.

   hep-phhep-ex3 citations
7. 07*

   Coupled-channel study of $4S$-$3D$ mixing dynamics in $\psi (4220)$ and $\psi (4380)$

   Zi-Long Man🇨🇳 · Si-Qiang Luo🇨🇳 · Zi-Yue Bai🇨🇳 · Xiang Liu🇨🇳

   Among charmoniumlike $XYZ$ states, the $\psi (4220)$ and $\psi (4380)$ states have emerged as key candidates for exploring the charmonium spectrum. In this work, we propose a $4S$-$3D$ charmonium mixing scheme for the $\psi (4220)$ and $\psi (4380)$, induced by coupled-channel effects. By constructing a coupled-channel model, we identify the dynamical mechanism responsible for the large mixing angle observed in previous studies, which cannot be explained by conventional potential models alone. Our analysis reveals that the $D{D}_1$ channel significantly influences the lower state ($\psi (4220)$), while the $D^{\ast }{D}_1$ channel primarily affects the higher state ($\psi (4380)$). Furthermore, we investigate the two-body Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka (OZI)-allowed strong decay behaviors of these states, providing insights into their total widths. This study not only supports the $4S$-$3D$ mixing scheme but also offers a deeper understanding of the role of coupled channels in shaping the charmonium spectrum above 4 GeV. Our results align with experimental observations and provide a framework for interpreting future data on charmonium states.

   hep-phhep-exPLB(2025)·7 citations
8. 08*

   The strong coupling from hadronic $\tau$-decay data including $\tau \to {\pi }^{-}{\pi }^0{\nu }_{\tau }$ from Belle

   Diogo Boito🇧🇷 · Aaron Eiben🇺🇸 · Maarten Golterman🇺🇸 · Kim Maltman🇨🇦 · Lucas M. Mansur🇧🇷 · Santiago Peris🇪🇸

   In previous work we have combined the ${\pi }^{-}{\pi }^0$, $2{\pi }^{-}{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^0$ and ${\pi }^{-}3{\pi }^0$ spectral data obtained from hadronic $\tau$ decays measured by the ALEPH and OPAL experiments, together with electroproduction data for several of the subleading hadronic modes and BaBar data for the $K\bar{K}$ mode to construct an inclusive non-strange vector spectral function entirely based on experimental data, with no Monte-Carlo generated input. In this paper, we include, for the first time, the Belle $\tau \to {\pi }^{-}{\pi }^0{\nu }_{\tau }$ high-statistics decay data to construct a new inclusive non-strange vector spectral function that combines more of the world's available data. As no Belle data are at present available for the two $4\pi$ modes, this requires a revised data analysis in comparison with our previous work. From the resulting new spectral function, we obtain a new determination of the strong coupling, ${\alpha }_s$, using our previously developed strategy based on finite-energy sum rules. We find, at the $Z$ mass scale, ${\alpha }_s(m_Z^2)=0.1159(14)$. We discuss the smaller central value and larger error of our new result compared to our previous result, showing the shifts to be due mainly to significant changes in updated HFLAV results for the ${\pi }^{-}3{\pi }^0$ decay mode.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2025)·7 citations
9. 09*

   Bring the noise: exact inference from noisy simulations in collider physics

   Christopher Chang🇳🇴 · Benjamin Farmer🇦🇺 · Andrew Fowlie🇨🇳 · Anders Kvellestad🇳🇴

   We rely on Monte Carlo (MC) simulations to interpret searches for new physics at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and elsewhere. These simulations result in noisy and approximate estimators of selection efficiencies and likelihoods. In this context we pioneer an exact-approximate computational method - exact-approximate Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), also known as pseudo-marginal MCMC - that returns exact inferences despite noisy simulations. To do so, we introduce an unbiased estimator for a Poisson likelihood. We demonstrate the new estimator and new techniques in examples based on a search for neutralinos and charginos at the LHC using a simplified model. We find attractive performance characteristics - exact inferences are obtained for a similar computational cost to approximate ones from existing methods and inferences are robust with respect to the number of events generated per point. The unbiased estimator uses a Poisson-distributed number of MC events; it is also possible to construct a biased estimator whose bias decays factorially with increasing number of MC events.

   hep-phhep-exphysics.data-anPRD(2026)·1 citation
10. 10*

    Models with rank-reducing discrete boundary conditions on $T^2/{\mathbb{Z}}_4$

    Yoshiharu Kawamura🇯🇵 · Eiji Kodaira🇯🇵 · Kentaro Kojima🇯🇵 · Toshifumi Yamashita🇯🇵

    We study six-dimensional $SU(n)$ gauge models with rank-reducing discrete boundary conditions on the orbifold $T^2/{\mathbb{Z}}_4$, without and with continuous Wilson line phases. For the latter case, we find that a minimal model can describe the breakdown of the electroweak symmetry based on an $SU(6)$ gauge group. This model possesses excellent features that two Higgs doublets come from the zero modes of the extra-dimensional gauge field, and the quarks in each generation can be unified into one multiplet, without exotic quarks, as the zero modes of a bulk field in the $15$ representation of $SU(6)$. There exists a vacuum where the electroweak symmetry is slightly broken by the Hosotani mechanism, with the addition of suitable bulk fields. %adding suitable bulk fields, and Interestingly, quadratic divergences are not reintroduced into the Higgs masses from the tadpole terms of the field strength localized on fixed points, not only at one-loop level but also at higher orders.

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2025)·1 citation
11. 11*

    Measuring Top Yukawa Coupling through $2\to 3$ VBS at Muon Collider

    Junmou Chen🇨🇳 · Junhong Chen🇨🇳 · Wei He🇨🇳

    We study the measurement of top Yukawa coupling through $2\to 3$ VBS at future muon colliders, focusing on the lepton and semi-lepton channels of $\nu \nu tth/z$. First, analyzing the partonic amplitudes of $W_L{W}_L\to t\bar{t}h/Z_L$ and simulating the full processes of $\nu \nu tth/z$ without decaying, we find they are highly sensitive to the anomalous top Yukawa $\delta y_t$. This sensitivity is enhanced by selecting helicities of the final $t\bar{t}$ and $Z$ to be $t_L{\bar{t}}_L+t_R{\bar{t}}_R$ and $Z_L$, which serves as the default and core setting of our analysis. We then obtain the limits on $\delta y_t$ with this setting, giving $[-1.0\%,1.1\%]$ for $\nu \nu tth$ only and $[-0.36\%,0.92\%]$ for $\nu \nu tth$ and $\nu \nu ttz$ combined at $30$ TeV and $1\sigma$. Second, we proceed to analyze the processes after decaying and with background processes. To enhance the sensitivity to $\delta y_t$, our settings include selecting the helicities of the final particles, as well as applying suitable cuts. However, we don't do bin-by-bin analysis. We obtain the limits on $\delta y_t$ for those channels at $10/30$ TeV and $1\sigma /2\sigma$. The best limit is from the semi-lepton channel of $\nu \nu tth$. With spin tagging efficiency at ${ϵ}_s=0.9$, it gives $[-1.6\%,1.8\%]$ at $1\sigma$ and $[-2.4\%,2.7\%]$ at $2\sigma$ at $30$ TeV; $[-7.0\%,6.7\%]$ at $1\sigma$ and $[-9.8\%,9.8\%]$ at $2\sigma$ at $10$ TeV.

    hep-phhep-ex0 citations
12. 12*

    Sensitivity of the FCC-ee to decay of an axion-like particle into two photons

    Giacomo Polesello🇮🇹

    The decay of the $Z$ boson into axion-like particles (ALP) at the $Z$-pole run of the proposed CERN FCC-ee collider is investigated. We perform a detailed study of final states with three photons or with a single photon and missing energy, yielding an evaluation of the accessible values of the ALP coupling to the photon for ALP masses between 0.1 and 85 GeV. Special attention is paid to the experimental implications of detecting the three-photon signature for the ALP mass region below 10~GeV. The FCC-ee run will be able to detect the ALP for couplings down to a few $10^{-3}{\mathrm{TeV}}^{-1}$ over the considered mass range in an effective model where the ALP only couples to the U(1) boson of the Standard Model.

    hep-phJHEP(2025)·13 citations
13. 13*

    Investigating non-local contributions in $B_s\to \varphi \bar{\ell }\ell$ including higher-twist effects

    M. S. A. Alam Khan🇮🇳 · Rusa Mandal🇮🇳 · Praveen S Patil🇮🇳 · Ipsita Ray🇨🇦

    We analyze the impact of higher-twist three-particle $B_s$-meson light-cone distribution amplitudes (LCDAs) on the non-local form factors for the $B_s\to \varphi \bar{\ell }\ell$ transition focusing on the `charm-loop' contribution within the light-cone sum rule (LCSR) framework. To analytically continue these charm-loop contributions into the kinematically allowed region of the decay, we employ a hadronic dispersion relation that incorporates intermediate resonant states such as the $\varphi ,J/\Psi$ and $\psi (2S)$ mesons. Here, the LCSR predictions serve as inputs, supplemented by experimental data from two-body decays $B_s\to \varphi +$ resonance states. Our results indicate that the inclusion of twist-5 and twist-6 LCDAs enhances the non-local form factors by approximately an order of magnitude compared to previous estimates, due to partial disruption of cancellation among different twist contributions. This leads to a dilepton invariant mass-squared ($q^2$)-dependent correction to the Wilson coefficient $C_9$, which is higher than, but still consistent with the Standard Model prediction without the non-factorizable charm-loop corrections within uncertainties. Additionally, we update the local form factors to include contributions from higher-twist three-particle $B_s$-meson LCDAs. The phenomenological implications, particularly for the differential branching fraction and angular observables, are also discussed.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latJHEP(2025)·1 citation
14. 14*

    Multimessenger Astronomy Beyond the Standard Model: New Window from Quantum Sensors

    Jason Arakawa🇺🇸 · Muhammad H. Zaheer🇺🇸 · Volodymyr Takhistov🇯🇵 · Marianna S. Safronova🇺🇸 · Joshua Eby🇸🇪 · Charles Cheung🇺🇸

    Ultralight bosonic (ULB) fields with mass $m_{\varphi }\ll 1$~eV often arise in theories beyond the Standard Model (SM). If such fields exist, violent astrophysical events that result in emission of gravitational wave, photon, or neutrino signals could also produce bursts of high-density relativistic ULB fields. Detection of such ULB fields in terrestrial or space-based laboratories correlated with other signals from transient astrophysical events opens a novel avenue for multimessenger astronomy. We show that quantum sensors are particularly well-suited to observe emitted scalar and pseudoscalar axion-like ULB fields coupled to SM. We demonstrate that multimessenger astronomy with ULB fields is possible even when accounting for matter screening effects.

    hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEhep-ex+1JCAP(2026)·9 citations
15. 15*

    Flipped Rotating Axion Non-minimally Coupled to Gravity: Baryogenesis and Dark Matter

    Chao Chen🇨🇳 · Suruj Jyoti Das🇰🇷 · Konstantinos Dimopoulos🇬🇧 · Anish Ghoshal🇵🇱

    We demonstrate that the co-genesis of baryon asymmetry and dark matter can be achieved through the rotation of an axion-like particle, driven by a flip in the vacuum manifold's direction at the end of inflation. This can occur if the axion has a periodic non-minimal coupling to gravity, while preserving the discrete shift symmetry. In non-oscillating inflation models, after inflation there is typically a period of kination (with $w=1$). In this case, it is shown that the vacuum manifold of the axion is flipped and the axion begins rotating in field space, because it can slide across the decreasing potential barrier as in Ricci reheating. Such a rotating axion can generate the baryon asymmetry of the Universe through spontaneous baryogenesis, while at later epochs it can oscillate as dark matter. The period of kination makes the primordial gravitational waves (GW) generated during inflation sharply blue-tilted which constrains the parameter space due to GW overproduction, while being testable by next generation CMB experiments. As a concrete example, we show that such a cogenesis of baryon asymmetry and dark matter can be realized for the axion as the Majoron in the Type-I seesaw setup, predicting mass ranges for the Majoron below sub eVs, with right-handed neutrino mass above $\mathcal{O}(10^8)$ GeV. We also show that in order to avoid fragmentation of the axion condensate during the rotation, we require the non-minimal coupling $\xi \sim (f/m_P{)}^2$ or somewhat larger, where $f$ is the axion decay constant.

    hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qchep-thEPJC(2025)·8 citations
16. 16*

    Conversions in two-component dark sectors: a phase space level analysis

    Shiuli Chatterjee🇵🇱 · Andrzej Hryczuk🇵🇱

    Conversions between the states in the dark sector affect not only their number densities but also their momentum distributions. In this work we study a phenomenologically motivated two-component dark matter scenario, based on the Coy Dark Matter model, in order to quantify the effect of conversions on departure from kinetic equilibrium and consequently the relic abundance. We perform a detailed numerical analysis at the level of the phase space distributions of dark sector particles, implementing all the relevant processes, including conversions, elastic scatterings and annihilations. Focusing on the parameter regions that lead to the observed relic abundance and provide a good fit to the Galactic Centre excess, we find that departure from kinetic equilibrium can alter the predictions for the total abundance by more than $100\%$, while in most of the interesting parameter space being in the range from around $-20\%$ to $50\%$. The effect on each dark matter constituent separately can be much larger, even up to an order of magnitude, which can significantly affect the expected present-day gamma ray flux, and consequently phenomenology of the model.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2025)·6 citations
17. 17*

    Building Neutron Stars with the MUSES Calculation Engine

    Mateus Reinke Pelicer🇺🇸 · Nikolas Cruz-Camacho🇺🇸 · Carlos Conde🇺🇸 · David Friedenberg🇺🇸 · Satyajit Roy🇺🇸 · Ziyuan Zhang🇺🇸 · T. Andrew Manning🇺🇸 · Mark G. Alford🇺🇸 · Alexander Clevinger🇺🇸 · Joaquin Grefa🇺🇸 · Roland Haas🇺🇸 · Alexander Haber🇺🇸 and 16 other authors

    Exploring the equation of state of dense matter is an essential part of interpreting the observable properties of neutron stars. We present here the first results for dense matter in the zero-temperature limit generated by the MUSES Calculation Engine, a composable workflow management system that orchestrates calculation and data processing stages comprising a collection of software modules designed within the MUSES framework. The modules presented in this work calculate equations of state using algorithms spanning three different theories/models: (1) Crust Density Functional Theory, valid starting at low densities, (2) Chiral Effective Field Theory, valid around saturation density, and (3) the Chiral Mean Field model, valid beyond saturation density. Lepton contributions are added through the Lepton module to each equation of state, ensuring charge neutrality and the possibility of $\beta$-equilibrium. Using the Synthesis module, we match the three equations of state using different thermodynamic variables and different methods. We then couple the complete equation of state to a novel full-general-relativity solver (QLIMR) module that calculates neutron star properties. We find that the matching performed using different thermodynamic variables affects differently the range obtained for neutron star masses and radii (although never beyond a few percent difference). We also investigate the universality of equation of state-independent relations for our matched stars. Finally, for the first time, we use the Flavor Equilibration module to estimate bulk viscosity and flavor relaxation charge fraction and rates (at low temperature) for Chiral Effective Field Theory and the Chiral Mean Field model.

    ↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEgr-qchep-ph+1PRD(2025)·30 citations
18. 18*

    Inelastic neutrino-nucleus scattering off ${}^{203/205}$Tl in terms of the nuclear recoil energy using a hybrid nuclear model

    Matti Hellgren🇫🇮 · Dimitrios K. Papoulias🇪🇸 · Jouni Suhonen🇫🇮

    Nuclear structure calculations in the context of a novel hybrid nuclear model, combining the nuclear shell model and the microscopic quasiparticle-phonon model are presented. The predictivity of the hybrid model is tested by computing inelastic neutral-current neutrino-nucleus scattering cross sections off the stable thallium isotopes. The cross sections are presented in terms of the incoming neutrino energy, taking also into account the effect of nuclear recoil energy. Also reported are the expected event rates assuming neutrinos emerging from pion-decay at rest and the diffuse supernova neutrino background. Regarding solar neutrino rates, new results are presented in the context of the hybrid model and compared with previously reported results based solely on nuclear shell model calculations, demonstrating the improved accuracy of the adopted hybrid model at higher neutrino energies.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPLB(2025)·2 citations
19. 19*

    $\text{PrecisionLauricella}$: package for numerical computation of Lauricella functions depending on a parameter

    M.A. Bezuglov🇩🇪 · B.A. Kniehl🇩🇪 · A.I. Onishchenko🇷🇺 · O.L. Veretin🇩🇪

    We introduce the $\text{PrecisionLauricella}$ package, a computational tool developed in Wolfram Mathematica for high-precision numerical evaluations of Lauricella functions with indices linearly dependent on a parameter, $\epsilon$. The package leverages a method based on analytical continuation via Frobenius generalized power series, providing an efficient and accurate alternative to conventional approaches relying on multi-dimensional series expansions or Mellin--Barnes representations. This one-dimensional approach is particularly advantageous for high-precision calculations and facilitates further optimization through $\epsilon$-dependent reconstruction from evaluations at specific numerical values, enabling efficient parallelization. The underlying mathematical framework for this method has been detailed in our previous work, while the current paper focuses on the design, implementation, and practical applications of the $\text{PrecisionLauricella}$ package.

    ↳ cs.MScs.NAhep-phhep-th+1Comput.Phys.Commun.(2025)·4 citations
20. 20*

    Temporary EHBL-like behavior of Markarian 501 during July 2014 VHE flaring

    Sarira Sahu🇲🇽 · A. U. Puga Oliveros🇲🇽 · D. I. Páez-Sánchez🇲🇽 · G. Sánchez-Colón🇲🇽 · Subhash Rajpoot🇺🇸 · M. E. Iglesias Martínez🇪🇸 · José Guerra Carmenate🇪🇸 · P. Fernández de Córdoba🇪🇸 · Gaetano Lambiase🇮🇹

    Markarian 501, a BL Lac object well-known as a high energy gamma-ray source, has exhibited several epochs of very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray flaring events when its synchrotron peak frequency shifted above $10^{17}$ Hz, a signature of extreme behavior. From July 16 to July 31, 2014 such flaring events were observed for 15 days by various telescopes. On July 19 (MJD 56857.98), the X-ray outburst from the source was at its highest and on the same day an intriguing narrow peak-like feature around 3 TeV was observed by the MAGIC telescopes, a feature inconsistent with standard interpretations. Using the well-known two-zone photohadronic model, we study these VHE gamma-ray spectra on a day-by-day basis and offer explanation. Our two-zone photohadronic scenario shows that, on MJD 56857.98, the peak-like feature appears at a cutoff energy of $E_{\gamma }^c=3.18$ TeV. Below this energy the VHE spectrum increases slowly and is in high emission state. However, for $E_{\gamma }^c>3.18$ TeV, the spectrum falls faster, resulting in a mild peak-like feature, not prominent enough as claimed by the MAGIC collaboration.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phEPJC(2026)·1 citation
21. 21*

    Benchmarking nuclear matrix elements of $0\nu \beta \beta$ decay with high-energy nuclear collisions

    Yi Li🇨🇳 · Xin Zhang🇨🇳 · Giuliano Giacalone🇨🇭 · Jiangming Yao🇨🇳

    Reducing uncertainties in the nuclear matrix elements (NMEs) remains a critical challenge in designing and interpreting experiments aimed at discovering neutrinoless double beta ($0\nu \beta \beta$) decay. Here, we identify a class of observables, distinct from those employed in low-energy nuclear structure applications, that are strongly correlated with the NMEs: momentum correlations among hadrons produced in high-energy nuclear collisions. Focusing on the ${}^{150}$Nd$\to$${}^{150}$Sm transition, we combine a Bayesian analysis of the structure of ${}^{150}$Nd with simulations of high-energy ${}^{150}$Nd+${}^{150}$Nd collisions. We reveal prominent correlations between the NMEs and features of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) formed in these processes, such as spatial gradients and anisotropies, which are accessible via collective flow measurements. Our findings demonstrate collider experiments involving $0\nu \beta \beta$ decay candidates as a platform for benchmarking theoretical predictions of the NMEs.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exPRL(2025)·17 citations
22. 22*

    Scale Setting and Strong Coupling Determination in the Gradient Flow Scheme for 2+1 Flavor Lattice QCD

    Rasmus Larsen🇩🇪 · Swagato Mukherjee🇺🇸 · Peter Petreczky🇺🇸 · Hai-Tao Shu🇨🇳 · Johannes Heinrich Weber🇩🇪

    We report on the determination of the gradient flow scales in $N_f=2+1$ QCD using highly improved staggered quark (HISQ) ensembles generated by the HotQCD Collaboration for bare gauge couplings ranging from $\beta =6.423$ to $8.400$. Using bottomonium splittings, kaon decay constant, the decay constant of unmixed ${\eta }_s$ meson and the $\varphi$ meson mass we obtained the values of the gradient flow scales in physical units, $\sqrt{t_0}=0.14428(48)$~fm and $w_0=0.17391(52)$~fm. Using the same physical inputs we revisit the determination of the potential $r_1$ scale and find $r_1=0.3112(24)$~fm. As a byproduct of our study we obtain the running of the gauge coupling in the gradient flow scheme. We find that within the uncertainties the running of the gradient flow coupling obtained on the lattice is compatible with the perturbative results up to flow radius $\sqrt{8{\tau }_F}=0.15$ fm.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phhep-thnucl-th9 citations
23. 23*

    $\varphi$ meson in nuclear matter and atomic nuclei

    Arpita Mondal🇮🇳 · Amruta Mishra🇮🇳

    The properties (masses and decay widths) of the $\varphi$ meson are investigated in nuclear matter from the $\varphi$ meson self-energy, using the tree-level $\varphi K\bar{K}$ Lagrangian, and, incorporating in-medium masses of (anti)kaons calculated within the quark meson coupling (QMC) model. These mass shifts and decay widths are incorporated in the Breit-Wigner spectral function of the $\varphi$ meson to calculate the production cross-section of $\varphi$ in asymmetric nuclear matter. Considerable modifications to the production cross-section are observed at normal nuclear matter density, driven by the in-medium mass reduction and the increase in the decay width of $\varphi$ meson. The potential experienced by $\varphi$ meson in nuclear matter is used to study the possibility of formation of the $\varphi$ mesic bound state with atomic nuclei. We explore the potential formation of $\varphi$-mesic bound states in ${}^4\mathrm{He}$, ${}^{12}\mathrm{C}$, ${}^{16}\mathrm{O}$, ${}^{40}\mathrm{Ca}$, ${}^{90}\mathrm{Zr}$, ${}^{197}\mathrm{Au}$ and ${}^{208}\mathrm{Pb}$ nuclei by investigating their binding energies and absorption widths based on the corresponding $\varphi$-nucleus potentials. Our study shows shallow bound states with the light nuclei and deeply bound states in heavy nuclei. Among the investigated nuclei, a particularly distinct signal for a $\varphi$-mesic bound state is identified in ${}^{16}\mathrm{O}$, suggesting its potential experimental observability. The work provides valuable insights into $\varphi$ meson interactions in infinite nuclear matter and the potential formation of exotic $\varphi$-mesic nuclear states, offering promising probes for strongly interacting matter in the upcoming experiments at J-PARC, JLab, and $\bar{\mathrm{P}}\mathrm{ANDA}$@FAIR physics program.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRD(2025)·5 citations
24. 24*

    Testing the consistency of new Amati-correlated gamma-ray burst dataset cosmological constraints with those from better-established cosmological data

    Shulei Cao🇺🇸 · Bharat Ratra🇺🇸

    Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are promising cosmological probes for exploring the Universe at intermediate redshifts ($z$). We analyze 151 Fermi-observed long GRBs (datasets A123 and A28) to simultaneously constrain the Amati correlation and cosmological parameters within six spatially flat and nonflat dark energy models. We find that these datasets are standardizable via a single Amati correlation, suggesting their potential for cosmological analyses. However, constraints on the current value of the nonrelativistic matter density parameter from A123 and the combined A123 + A28 data exhibit $>2\sigma$ tension with those derived from a joint analysis of better-established Hubble parameter [$H(z)$] and baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) data for most considered cosmological models. This tension indicates that these GRB data are unsuitable for jointly constraining cosmological parameters with better-established $H(z)$ + BAO and similar data. Although the A28 data constraints are consistent with the $H(z)$ + BAO data constraints, its limited sample size (28 GRBs) and high intrinsic scatter ($\sim 0.7$) diminishes its statistical power compared to existing datasets.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thJCAP(2025)·10 citations
25. 25*

    Early Galaxies from Rare Inflationary Processes and JWST Observations

    Soubhik Kumar🇺🇸 · Neal Weiner🇺🇸

    Rare Poisson processes (PP) during cosmic inflation can lead to signatures that are localized in position space and are not well captured by the standard two- or higher-point correlation functions of primordial density perturbations. As an example, PP can lead to localized overdense regions that are far denser than the ones produced through standard inflationary fluctuations. As a result, such overdense regions collapse earlier than expected based on the standard $\Lambda$CDM model and would host anomalously high-redshift galaxies. We describe some general aspects of such PP and consider a particular realization in the context of inflationary particle production. We then show that the masses and redshifts of the resulting galaxies can lie in a range discoverable by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and future surveys, while being consistent with existing constraints on the matter power spectrum and UV luminosity functions at lower redshifts.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.GAhep-phPRD(2025)·9 citations
26. 26*

    Conservation of superhorizon curvature perturbations at one loop: Backreaction in the in-in formalism and Renormalization

    Keisuke Inomata🇺🇸

    We show that the superhorizon-limit curvature perturbations are conserved at one-loop level in single-field inflation models with a transient non-slow-roll period. We take the spatially-flat gauge, where the backreaction plays a crucial role for the conservation of superhorizon curvature perturbations unless the counter terms are tuned. We calculate the backreaction with the in-in formalism. In addition, we explicitly show the renormalization of the UV divergences with the counter terms.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thPRD(2025)·23 citations
27. 27*

    Quaternionic Quantum Mechanics: the Particles, their q-Potentials and Mathematical Electron Model

    Bogusław Bożek · Marek Danielewski · Lucjan Sapa

    In this work we show the quaternionic quantum descriptions of physical processes from the Planck to macro scale. The results presented here are based on the concepts of the Cauchy continuum and the elementary cell at the Planck scale. The symmetrization of quaternion relations and the postulate of quaternion velocity have been crucial in the present development. The momentum of the expansion and compression is the consequence of the scalar term in the quaternionic deformation potential.

    ↳ physics.gen-phhep-ph0 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.