Fri·Jan 10, 2025Friday·January 10, 2025

1. 01*

   Entanglement and Bell Nonlocality in ${\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$ at the BEPC

   Tao Han🇺🇸 · Matthew Low🇺🇸 · Youle Su🇨🇳

   Quantum entanglement and Bell nonlocality are two phenomena that occur only in quantum systems. In both cases, these are correlations between two subsystems that are classically absent. Traditionally, these phenomena have been measured in low-energy photon and electron experiments, but more recently they have also been measured in high-energy particle collider environments. In this work, we propose measuring the entanglement and Bell nonlocality in the ${\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$ state near and above its kinematic threshold at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider (BEPC). We find that in the existing dataset, entanglement is observable if systematic uncertainties are kept to 1%. In the upcoming run between 4.0 and 5.6 GeV, the entanglement is predicted to be measurable with a precision better than 4% and Bell nonlocality can be established at $5\sigma$ as long as systematic uncertainty can be controlled at level of 0.5% - 2.0%, depending on the center-of-mass energy.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2025)·58 citations
2. 02*

   Proposal for simplified template cross-sections extension using $\mathcal{C}\mathcal{P}$ observables in $t\overline{t}H$

   Carnelli Alberto🇫🇷

   The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) offers a unique opportunity to investigate $\mathcal{C}\mathcal{P}$ violation in the Yukawa coupling between the Higgs boson and the top quark by studying Higgs production in association with top quarks; this is of fundamental importance, seeing that the $\mathcal{C}\mathcal{P}$ properties of the Higgs boson are yet to measure with high precision. To address this, the focus of this work has been an extension of the simplified template cross-section (STXS) framework, devised to be sensitive to $\mathcal{C}\mathcal{P}$ effects. Our study focused on $\mathcal{C}\mathcal{P}$-sensitive observables across multiple Higgs decay channels, comparing their performances. The result indicates that the most efficient extension of the current binning used in the STXS framework, which currently uses the Higgs boson's transverse momentum $p_{T,H}$, requires adding one further split using $\mathcal{C}\mathcal{P}$-sensitive observables. Between these observables, one of the best is the Collins-Soper angle $|\cos {\theta }^{\ast }|$, a variable derived from momenta information of the top quarks. We have investigated the improvement brought by our two-dimensional STXS setup and compared it to the currently employed methodologies, finding an increase in performances at an integrated luminosity of $300$ fb${}^{-1}$. Moreover, our results highlight that this advantage seems to be present also at $3000$ fb${}^{-1}$.

   hep-phSciPost Phys.Proc.(2026)·0 citations
3. 03*

   Next-to-leading-order time-like rho electromagnetic form factors in $k_{\mathrm{T}}$ factorization

   Ya-Lan Zhang🇨🇳 · Si-Yu Wang🇨🇳 · Chao Wang🇨🇳 · Zhen-Jun Xiao🇨🇳 · Ya Li🇨🇳

   We calculate the time-like $\rho$ electromagnetic (EM) form factor in the $k_T$ factorization formalism by including the next-to-leading-order (NLO) corrections of the leading-twist and sub-leading twist contributions. It's observed that the NLO correction to the magnitude of the LO leading-twist form factor is lower than $30\%$ at large invariant mass squared $Q^2>30{\text{GeV}}^2$. It is found that the $\rho$ meson EM form factor is dominated by twist-3 contribution instead of by twist-2 one because of the end-point enhancement. The theoretical predictions of the moduli of three helicity amplitudes and total cross section are analyzed at $\sqrt{s}=10.58$ GeV, which are consistent with measurements from BABAR Collaboration.

   hep-phEPJC(2025)·0 citations
4. 04*

   Spin-orbit correlation and spatial distributions for spin-0 hadrons

   Cédric Lorcé🇫🇷 · Qin-Tao Song🇨🇳

   The spin-orbit correlation in spin-0 hadrons can be investigated through the kinetic energy-momentum tensor form factor ${\tilde{F}}^q(t)$. We observe that the latter is also related to a torque about the radial direction, which we interpret as a chiral stress. If we neglect the quark mass contribution, then ${\tilde{F}}^q(t)$ is simply proportional to the electromagnetic form factor for spin-0 hadrons, and the spin-orbit correlation is equal to minus half of the valence quark number. Given the extensive studies on the electromagnetic form factor for spin-0 hadrons such as pions, kaons, and the $\alpha$ particle, we present the spatial distributions of chiral stress and kinetic spin-orbit correlation based on current parametrizations of the pion electromagnetic form factor.

   hep-phhep-latnucl-exnucl-thPLB(2025)·12 citations
5. 05*

   Hierarchies from deterministic non-locality in theory space Anderson localisation

   Ketan M. Patel🇮🇳

   The nearest-neighbour or local mass terms in theory space among quantum fields, with their generic disordered values, are known to lead to the localisation of mass eigenstates, analogous to Anderson localisation in a one-dimensional lattice. This mechanism can be used to create an exponential hierarchy in the coupling between two fields by placing them at opposite ends of the lattice chain. Extending this mechanism, we show that when copies of such fields are appropriately attached to the lattice chain, it leads to the emergence of multiple massless modes. These vanishing masses are a direct consequence of the locality of interactions in theory space. The latter may break down in an ordered and deterministic manner through quantum effects if additional interactions exist among the chain fields. Such non-locality can induce small masses for the otherwise massless modes without necessarily delocalising the mass eigenstates. We provide examples of interactions that preserve or even enhance localisation. Applications to flavour hierarchies, neutrino mass, and the $\mu$-problem in supersymmetric theories are discussed.

   hep-phhep-thJHEP(2025)·4 citations
6. 06*

   Existence of dynamical fluctuation in AMPT generated data for Au+Au collisions at 10 AGeV

   Somen Gope🇮🇳 · Supriya Das🇮🇳 · Saikat Biswas🇮🇳

   In this study, the intermittency behavior of emitted particles produced in heavy ion collisions has been studied using both modes (default $\&$ string melting) of A Multi Phase Transport (AMPT) model-generated data. We adopted one of the most conventional and successful techniques, the Scaled Factorial Moment (SFM) method, using Monte Carlo (MC) data for 10 AGeV Au+Au collisions in search of intermittency in the model-generated data. Our interest is to search for intermittency behavior of particles that leads to multiplicity fluctuations and that would reveal a phase transition from hadronic matter to QGP. In this article, the intermittency values for both modes of AMPT data are presented. The results obtain some insight into the dynamics of heavy ion collisions and the formation of QGP.

   hep-phEPJA(2026)·0 citations
7. 07*

   On the Calculation of Pressure Derivatives in Mean-Field Thermal Field Theories

   Hosein Gholami🇩🇪

   Accurate determination of higher-order pressure derivatives with respect to temperature $T$ and chemical potential $\mu$ is essential for analyzing critical phenomena, transport properties, and phase transitions in strongly interacting matter. However, standard numerical differentiation methods often suffer from large numerical instabilities, especially in more complex mean-field thermal field theories. In this work, we present an approach that systematically derives symbolic expressions for these higher-order derivatives, bypassing the numerical instabilities commonly encountered in conventional methods. Our formalism is based on a Jacobian technique, which ensures that the dependence of internal mean-field parameters is fully incorporated into the final symbolic expressions. We illustrate the effectiveness of this method using the two-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model as an example and show that it is particularly advantageous near phase transitions and at low temperatures, where numerical differentiation becomes highly sensitive.

   hep-phnucl-thphysics.comp-ph8 citations
8. 08*

   Automation of Electroweak Corrections

   Hua-Sheng Shao🇫🇷

   This dissertation addresses a topic that I have worked on over the past decade: the automation of next-to-leading order electroweak corrections in the Standard Model of particle physics. After introducing the basic concepts and techniques of next-to-leading order QCD calculations that underpin the MadGraph5_aMC@NLO framework, I present a few key features relevant to the automated next-to-leading order electroweak contributions to short-distance cross sections, with an emphasis on the mixed QCD and electroweak coupling expansions. These include the FKS subtraction, the renormalization and electroweak input parameter schemes, and the complex mass scheme for dealing with unstable particles. Issues related to the initial or final photons and leptons are also discussed. Two remaining challenges are highlighted if one wishes to go beyond next-to-leading order computations. Some phenomenological applications at the LHC are given to demonstrate the relevance of electroweak corrections at colliders. Finally, an outlook on future studies concludes the dissertation.

   hep-phhep-ex5 citations
9. 09*

   Nonextensive aspects of gluon distribution and the implications to QCD phenomenology

   Lucas Soster Moriggi🇧🇷 · Magno Valerio Trindade Machado🇧🇷

   This study presents new insights into gluon transverse momentum distributions through nonextensive statistical mechanics, addressing their implications for QCD phenomenology. The saturation physics and scaling laws present in high energy collision data are investigated as a consequence of gluon distribution modification at high density regime. The analysis explores how these modifications influence observables across different collision systems, such as proton-proton, proton-nucleus, and relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Both high and low $p_T$ regions are successfully described in hadron production.

   hep-phMDPI Physics(2025)·0 citations
10. 10*

    New Physics contamination to precision luminosity measurements at future $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders

    Mauro Chiesa🇮🇹 · Clara L. Del Pio🇺🇸 · Guido Montagna🇮🇹 · Oreste Nicrosini🇮🇹 · Fulvio Piccinini🇮🇹 · Francesco P. Ucci🇮🇹

    Several key observables of the high-precision physics program at future lepton colliders will critically depend on the knowledge of the absolute machine luminosity. The determination of the luminosity relies on the precise knowledge of some reference process, which is in principle not affected by unknown physics, so that its cross section can be computed within a well-established theory, like the Standard Model. Quantifying the uncertainties induced by possible New Physics effects on such processes is therefore crucial. We present an exploratory investigation of light and heavy New Physics contributions to the small-angle Bhabha process at future $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders and we discuss possible strategies to remove potential uncertainties originating from such contaminations by relying on observables that are independent of the absolute luminosity.

    hep-phPRD(2025)·5 citations
11. 11*

    Piezoelectric Bulk Acoustic Resonators For Dark Photon Detection

    Tanner Trickle🇺🇸

    The kinetically mixed dark photon is a simple, testable dark matter candidate with strong theoretical motivation. Detecting the feeble electric field dark photon dark matter produces requires extremely sensitive detectors. Bulk acoustic resonators (BARs), with their exceptionally high-quality phonon modes, are capable of achieving incredible sensitivity to gravitational waves in the MHz to GHz frequency range. The BAR phonons are typically read out by detecting the electric field generated by the BAR materials' piezoelectricity. Here we show that this piezoelectricity also rewards such detectors sensitivity to dark photon dark matter, as the dark electric field can resonantly excite BAR phonons. A single 10 g piezoelectric BAR in a large, cold, environment can be orders of magnitude more sensitive to the kinetic mixing parameter than any current experiment, with only a month-long exposure and thermally-limited backgrounds.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2025)·2 citations
12. 12*

    On the Atomki nuclear anomaly after the MEG-II result

    Daniele Barducci🇮🇹 · Davide Germani🇮🇹 · Marco Nardecchia🇮🇹 · Stefano Scacco🇮🇹 · Claudio Toni🇫🇷

    Recent experimental results from the Atomki collaboration have reported the observation of anomalous effects in Beryllium, Helium and Carbon nuclear transitions that could hint at physics beyond the Standard Model. However, the MEG-II experiment has recently found no significant anomalous signal in the Beryllium transition ${}^8{\text{Be}}^{\star }\to {}^8\text{Be}+e^{+}{e}^{-}$. In view of this result, we critically re-examine the possible theoretical interpretations of the anomalies observed by the Atomki experiment in terms of a new boson $X$ with mass around $17$MeV. The present work aims to study the phenomenology of a spin-2 state and revisit the possibility of a pure CP-even scalar, which was initially dismissed due to its inability to explain the Beryllium anomalous signal. Our analysis shows that a spin-2 state is highly disfavoured by the SINDRUM constraint while a scalar boson could explain the Helium and Carbon anomalies while being compatible with other experimental constraints.

    hep-phJHEP(2025)·14 citations
13. 13*

    On the extraction of ${\alpha }_{\text{em}}(m_Z^2)$ at Tera-$Z$

    Marc Riembau🇨🇭

    The current projected sensitivity on the electromagnetic coupling ${\alpha }_{\text{em}}(m_Z^2)$ represents a bottleneck for the precision electroweak program at FCC-ee. We propose a novel methodology to extract this coupling directly from $Z$-pole data. By comparing the differential distribution of electrons, muons and positrons in the forward region, the approach achieves a projected statistical sensitivity below the $10^{-5}$ level, representing a significant improvement over other methods. We assess the impact of leading parametric uncertainties including that of the top quark mass.

    hep-phhep-exPRL(2025)·12 citations
14. 14*

    Probing Supernova Neutrino Boosted Dark Matter with Collective Excitation

    Jun-Wei Sun🇨🇳 · Lei Wu🇨🇳 · Yan-Hao Xu🇨🇳 · Bin Zhu🇨🇳

    We explore the supernova neutrino-boosted dark matter (SN$\nu$BDM) and its direct detection. During core-collapse supernovae, an abundance of neutrinos are emitted. These supernova neutrinos can transfer their kinetic energy to the light dark matter via their interactions, and thus are detected in the neutrino and dark matter experiments. Due to the exponential suppression of the high-energy neutrino flux, the kinetic energy carried by a large portion of SN$\nu$BDM falls within the MeV range. This could potentially produce the collective excitation signals in the semiconductor detectors with the skipper-CCD. We calculate the plasmon excitation rate induced by SN$\nu$BDM and derive the exclusion limits. In contrast with conventional neutrino and dark matter direct detection experiments, our results present a significant enhancement in sensitivity for the sub-MeV dark matter.

    hep-phPRD(2025)·17 citations
15. 15*

    Many body gravity and the bullet cluster

    S. Ganesh🇮🇳

    Many body gravity (MBG) is an alternate theory of gravity, which has been able to explain the galaxy rotation curves, the radial acceleration relation (RAR) and the wide binary stars (WBS). The genesis of MBG is a novel theory, which models systems with thermal gradients, by recasting the variation in the temperature as a variation in the metric. Merging the above concept with Einstein's gravity, leads to the theory of thermal gravity in 5-D space-time-temperature. Thermal gravity when generalized for partially thermalized systems, results in the theory of many body gravity. The bullet cluster is supposed to be a smoking gun evidence for the presence of dark matter. However, this work demonstrates that the MBG theory can explain the weak gravitational lensing effect of the bullet cluster, without the need for yet undiscovered baryonic matter or dark matter.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.GAhep-phhep-th+2Astropart.Phys.(2025)·3 citations
16. 16*

    Large Physics Models: Towards a collaborative approach with Large Language Models and Foundation Models

    Kristian G. Barman · Sascha Caron · Emily Sullivan · Henk W. de Regt · Roberto Ruiz de Austri · Mieke Boon · Michael Färber · Stefan Fröse · Faegheh Hasibi · Andreas Ipp · Rukshak Kapoor · Gregor Kasieczka and 10 other authors

    This paper explores ideas and provides a potential roadmap for the development and evaluation of physics-specific large-scale AI models, which we call Large Physics Models (LPMs). These models, based on foundation models such as Large Language Models (LLMs) - trained on broad data - are tailored to address the demands of physics research. LPMs can function independently or as part of an integrated framework. This framework can incorporate specialized tools, including symbolic reasoning modules for mathematical manipulations, frameworks to analyse specific experimental and simulated data, and mechanisms for synthesizing theories and scientific literature. We begin by examining whether the physics community should actively develop and refine dedicated models, rather than relying solely on commercial LLMs. We then outline how LPMs can be realized through interdisciplinary collaboration among experts in physics, computer science, and philosophy of science. To integrate these models effectively, we identify three key pillars: Development, Evaluation, and Philosophical Reflection. Development focuses on constructing models capable of processing physics texts, mathematical formulations, and diverse physical data. Evaluation assesses accuracy and reliability by testing and benchmarking. Finally, Philosophical Reflection encompasses the analysis of broader implications of LLMs in physics, including their potential to generate new scientific understanding and what novel collaboration dynamics might arise in research. Inspired by the organizational structure of experimental collaborations in particle physics, we propose a similarly interdisciplinary and collaborative approach to building and refining Large Physics Models. This roadmap provides specific objectives, defines pathways to achieve them, and identifies challenges that must be addressed to realise physics-specific large scale AI models.

    ↳ physics.data-ancs.AIhep-phphysics.comp-ph+1EPJC(2025)·19 citations
17. 17*

    Soft Error Rate in Space: A Unified Analytical Approach

    G. I. Zebrev · N. N. Samotaev · R. G. Useinov · A. A. Mateiko · A. S. Rodin

    A new physics-based model for analytical calculation of Soft Error Rate (SER) in digital memory circuits under the influence of heavy ions in space orbits is proposed. This method is based on parameters that are uniquely determined from the results of ground tests under nor-mal ion incidence. It is shown that preliminary averaging over the total solid angle within the standard inverse cosine model allows one to take into account the effect of isotropic flow, which increases the effective SER. The model includes the ability to estimate the contribution to SER of the low LET spectrum region, which is very important for modern ICs with low Single Event Upset tolerance.

    ↳ physics.app-phastro-ph.IMcond-mat.mtrl-scihep-ph+10 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.