Mon·Dec 9, 2024Monday·December 9, 2024

1. 01*

   Charged Higgs Search in 2HDM

   Juxiang Li🇨🇳 · Huayang Song🇰🇷 · Shufang Su🇺🇸 · Wei Su🇨🇳

   In this paper, we present a comprehensive study of the collider search limits on the charged Higgses in the four types of Two Higgs Double Models (2HDM). In addition to constraints from flavor physics measurements, we include both the LEP charged Higgs search channels, as well as the LHC search results on the light and heavy charged Higgses. We consider both the conventional charged Higgs search channels of $H^{\pm }\to \tau \nu ,cs,cb,tb$, and the latest search results on the exotic decay channels $H^{\pm }\to A{W}^{\pm }/H{W}^{\pm }$. We find that $H^{\pm }\to A{W}^{\pm }/H{W}^{\pm }$ are complementary to the conventional fermionic channels for $m_{H^{\pm }}<m_t$. For heavy $H^{\pm }$, $H^{\pm }\to A{W}^{\pm }/H{W}^{\pm }$ extend the reach of $\tan \beta$ beyond that of $H^{\pm }\to tb$ in the Type-L 2HDM. We also present the combined reach of all the neutral and charged Higgs searches.

   hep-phJHEP(2025)·12 citations
2. 02*

   Thermodynamic Consistent Description of Compact Stars of Two Interacting Fluids: The Case of Neutron Stars with Higgs Portal Dark Matter

   Fazlollah Hajkarim🇺🇸 · Jürgen Schaffner-Bielich🇩🇪 · Laura Tolos🇪🇸

   We consider a thermodynamically consistent approach for the computation of the masses, radii, and tidal deformabilities of compact stars consisting of two interacting fluids with separately conserved quantum numbers. We apply this interacting fluid approach to the case of compact stars of neutron star matter with the Higgs portal fermionic dark matter model for the first time in a thermodynamically consistent manner. The patterns for the mass-radius curves and the tidal deformability depend on the dark matter particle mass and are different from former studies. Compared to ordinary neutron star properties, we obtain smaller masses and radii for dark matter particle masses similar to the nucleon mass and, hence, smaller tidal deformabilities as a result of the softening of the equation of state due to the presence of dark matter. For dark matter particle masses below the nucleon mass and sizable chemical potentials with respect to the dark matter particle mass, there will be a dark halo instead of dark core. Our investigation provides the basis for studying mergers of compact stars where the two fluids of neutron star matter and dark matter are coupled kinetically to each other and are described by one combined energy-momentum tensor of the two interacting fluids but are chemically different with two separately conserved number currents.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEgr-qcJCAP(2025)·19 citations
3. 03*

   Tuning towards the edge of a dark abyss: Implications of a tuning paradigm on the hierarchy between the weak and dark matter scales

   Christopher D. Carone🇺🇸 · Noah L. Donald🇺🇸

   It has recently been suggested that tuning towards the boundary of the positivity domain of the scalar potential may explain the separation between the electroweak scale and the unification scale in a grand unified theory. Here we explore the possibility that the same type of tuning might account for the generation of the electroweak scale from a much lighter dynamically generated scale in a dark sector. We present a model that realizes this idea and provides a proof of principle that the same dark sector can include a viable dark matter candidate.

   hep-phPRD(2025)·0 citations
4. 04*

   Photon vortex generation from nonlinear Compton scattering in Feynman approach

   Tomoyuki Maruyama🇯🇵 · Takehito Hayakawa🇯🇵 · Ryoichi Hajima🇯🇵 · Toshitaka Kajino🇨🇳 · Myung-Ki Cheoun🇰🇷

   In the present study, we show calculation of nonlinear Compton scattering with circularly polarized photons in a cylindrical coordinate using Feynman diagram to calculate photon vortex generation in intermediate states considering conservation of angular momentum. We take two different vortex wave functions based on Bessel function for the emitted photon and the electron after emission of the photon, which are the eigenstate of z component of the total angular momentum (zTAM) when a particle propagates along z axis. The result shows that when an electron absorbs N photons a photon vortex with a zTAM = N is predominantly radiated, but there are still very small contributions of photons with a zTAM = (N-1) and (N +1) due to the spin flip of the initial electron. This means even when an electron absorbs only a single photon, the electron may emit a photon vortex of a zTAM of 2 h-bar. However, the numerical calculations show that the contribution of the spin flip is four orders of magnitude smaller than that of the dominant radiation. We also discuss the circular polarization for the generated photon vortices.

   hep-phnucl-exnucl-thphysics.opticsPRD(2025)·1 citation
5. 05*

   Neutrino-nucleon elastic scattering in presence of non-standard interactions: cross sections and nucleon polarizations

   Ilma🇮🇳 · M. Rafi Alam🇮🇳 · L. Alvarez-Ruso🇪🇸 · M. Benitez Galan🇪🇸 · I. Ruiz Simo🇪🇸 · S. K. Singh🇮🇳

   New physics beyond the Standard Model (SM) may appear in the form of non-standard neutrino interactions (NSI). We have studied neutral current (anti)neutrino-nucleon scattering in presence of NSI. We obtain that in this scenario, nucleon matrix elements depend not only on the isovector axial nucleon form factor but also on the isoscalar one. For the axial form factors we consequently rely on the quark flavor decomposition performed by QCD simulations in the lattice (LQCD). We have examined cross sections and polarization observables. For the current bounds on diagonal muon flavor NSI couplings we find substantial deviations from the SM predictions in cross sections and transverse polarizations of the outgoing nucleons. In view of the progress in the precision of LQCD determinations of nucleon properties, modern measurements of neutral current (anti)neutrino-nucleon scattering will be in the position to discover or significantly constrain NSI.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-thPRD(2025)·4 citations
6. 06*

   Tripling Fluctuations and Peaked Sound Speed in Fermionic Matter

   Hiroyuki Tajima🇯🇵 · Kei Iida🇯🇵 · Toru Kojo🇯🇵 · Haozhao Liang🇯🇵

   A crossover involving three-fermion clusters is relevant to the hadron-quark crossover, which, if occurring in a neutron star, could naturally reproduce the dense-matter equation of state recently deduced from simultaneous observations of neutron-star masses and radii. To understand the crossover mechanism, we examine the role of tripling fluctuations induced by the formation of three-fermion clusters. The phase-shift representation of fluctuations manifests an interplay of bound and scattering states, leading to non-monotonic momentum distributions of baryon-like clusters and peaked sound speed at finite densities. We demonstrate them by applying our approach to a nonrelativistic system of one-dimensional three-color fermions analogous to the hadron-quark matter.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEcond-mat.quant-gasnucl-thPRL(2025)·12 citations
7. 07*

   On the definition of the nucleon axial charge density

   J. Yu. Panteleeva🇩🇪 · E. Epelbaum🇩🇪 · J. Gegelia🇩🇪 · U.-G. Meißner🇩🇪

   We work out the spatial density distributions corresponding to the axial-vector charge density operator for spin-1/2 systems using states described by sharply localized wave packets in arbitrary Lorentz-frames. The static approximation, leading to the frequently assumed Breit-frame distributions, is also considered. We discuss the interpretation of the resulting spatial densities in terms of the axial charge density.

   hep-phnucl-thPLB(2026)·4 citations
8. 08*

   Coherent Axion Production through Laser Crystal Interaction

   Zhan Bai🇨🇳 · Xiangyan An🇨🇳 · Yuqi Chen🇨🇳 · Baifei Shen🇨🇳 · Ruxin Li🇺🇸 · Liangliang Ji🇨🇳

   We investigate the interaction between an optical laser and an ionic crystal and reveal coherent emission of axions through phase-match between laser and axion fields. Such emission is further enhanced by stacking thin crystal layers of half-wavelength thickness. Based on these findings, we propose a novel method for generating and detecting axions in terrestrial experiments, achieving up to a two-order-of-magnitude increase in transition probability compared to light-shining-through-wall (LSW) experiments with the same interaction region size. For an experimental length of 10 meters, this setup could lower the exclusion limit to $g_{a\gamma \gamma }\gtrsim 1.32\times 10^{-11}{\text{GeV}}^{-1}$ with currently available laser technologies.

   hep-ph1 citation
9. 09*

   Born-Oppenheimer Renormalization group for High Energy Scattering: the Setup and the Wave Function

   Haowu Duan🇺🇸 · Alex Kovner🇺🇸 · Michael Lublinsky🇮🇱

   We develop an approach to QCD evolution based on the sequential Born-Oppenheimer approximations that include higher and higher frequency modes as the evolution parameter is increased. This Born-Oppenheimer renormalization group is a general approach which is valid for the high energy evolution as well as the evolution in transverse resolution scale $Q^2$. In the former case it yields the frequency ordered formulation of high energy evolution, which includes both the eikonal splittings which produce gluons with low longitudinal momentum, and the DGLAP-like splittings which produce partons with high transverse momentum. In this, first paper of the series we lay out the formulation of the approach, and derive the expression for the evolved wave function of a hadronic state. We also discuss the form of the $S$-matrix which is consistent with the frequency ordering.

   hep-phhep-thnucl-thJHEP(2025)·9 citations
10. 10*

    Born-Oppenheimer Renormalization group for High Energy Scattering: CSS, DGLAP and all that

    Haowu Duan🇺🇸 · Alex Kovner🇺🇸 · Michael Lublinsky🇮🇱

    In \cite{one}, we have introduced the Born-Oppenheimer (BO) renormalization group approach to high energy hadronic collisions and derived the BO approximation for the light cone wave function of a fast moving projectile hadron. In this second paper, we utilize this wave function to derive the BO evolution of partonic distributions in the hadron -- the gluon transverse momentum and integrated parton distributions (TMD and PDF respectively). The evolution equation for the TMD contains a linear and a nonlinear term. The linear term reproduces the Collins-Soper-Sterman (CSS) equation with a physical relation between the transverse and longitudinal resolution scales. We explain how this equivalence arises, even though the BO and CSS cascades are somewhat different in structures. The nonlinear term in the evolution has a very appealing physical meaning: it is a correction due to stimulated emission, which enhances emission of gluons (bosons) into states with a nonzero occupation. For the evolution of the PDF we again find a linear and nonlinear term. At not very small Bjorken $x$, the linear term recovers the DGLAP equation in the leading logarithmic approximation. At small $x$ however there are contributions from gluon splittings which are in the BFKL kinematics leading to a modification of the DGLAP equation. The nonlinear terms have the same physical origin as in the equation for the TMD -- the stimulated emission corrections. Interestingly the nonlinear corrections are the most important for the virtual terms, so that the net correction to the DGLAP is negative and mimics shadowing, although the physical origin of the nonlinearity is very different.

    hep-phhep-thnucl-thJHEP(2025)·18 citations
11. 11*

    Examining hadronic resonance dynamics at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider: Insights from EPOS4

    Vikash Sumberia🇮🇳 · Dukhishyam Mallick🇫🇷 · Sanjeev Singh Sambyal🇮🇳 · Nasir Mehdi Malik🇮🇳

    Hadronic resonances, with lifetimes of a few $\mathrm{fm}/c$, are key tools for studying the hadronic phase in high-energy collisions. This work investigates resonance production in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13.6\mathrm{TeV}$ and Pb--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.36\mathrm{TeV}$ using the EPOS4 model. By switching the Ultra-Relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD) hadronic afterburner ON or OFF, EPOS4 enables the study of final-state hadronic interactions. The production of strange and non-strange hadrons is also investigated using transverse momentum ($p_{\mathrm{T}}$) spectra and particle ratios to study rescattering, regeneration, baryon-to-meson production, and strangeness enhancement. Rescattering effects and strangeness enhancement dominate the low-$p_{\mathrm{T}}$ region, while enhanced baryon-to-meson yield ratios and strong mass-dependent radial flow are observed at intermediate $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ in central Pb--Pb collisions. The average $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ scaled by the reduced hadron mass deviates from a linear trend for short-lived resonances, indicating hadronic phase effects. The hadronic phase lifetime ($\tau$), estimated from yield ratios of short-lived resonances to stable hadrons, increases with charged-particle multiplicity and system size, while remaining non-zero in high-multiplicity pp collisions. The production of non-strange (p), strange ($\Lambda$), and multi-strange ($\Xi$, $\Omega$) baryons in central Pb--Pb collisions is governed by the competing effects of strangeness enhancement and baryon--antibaryon annihilation. These results provide valuable insights into the hadronic phase and particle production at LHC energies.

    hep-phPRC(2026)·2 citations
12. 12*

    Masquerading hybrid stars with dark matter

    Carline Biesdorf🇧🇷 · Jürgen Schaffner-Bielich🇩🇪 · Laura Tolos🇪🇸

    We investigate the influence of dark matter on hybrid stars. Using a two-fluid approach, where normal and dark matter components interact only gravitationally, we explore how dark matter can trigger the appearance of quark matter in neutron stars for unprecedented low masses. Our findings reveal that dark matter increases the central pressure of neutron stars, potentially leading to the formation of hybrid stars with quark cores even at very low compact star masses. The critical mass for the appearance of quark matter decreases with increasing dark matter content. We introduce the concept of "masquerading hybrid stars", where dark matter admixed stars exhibit similar mass-radius relations to purely hadronic stars, making it challenging to distinguish between them based solely on these parameters. Additionally, we identify a unique class of objects termed "dark oysters", characterized by a large dark matter halo and a small normal matter core, highlighting the diverse structural possibilities for compact stars influenced by dark matter.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEnucl-thPRD(2025)·25 citations
13. 13*

    Probing neutrino mass ordering with supernova neutrinos at NO$\nu$A including the effect of sterile neutrinos

    Papia Panda🇮🇳 · Rukmani Mohanta🇮🇳

    In this work, we explore the possibility of probing the mass ordering sensitivity as a function of supernova distance in the context of the ongoing neutrino experiment NO$\nu$A. We provide a detailed study of the active-active and active-sterile mixing frameworks, illustrating how supernova neutrinos can be used to realize the existence of sterile neutrinos. Interestingly, we infer that observation of the NC channel alone can differentiate between the presence and absence of sterile neutrinos. Our results indicate that the primary channel of NO$\nu$A can distinguish normal mass ordering from inverted mass ordering at $5\sigma$ confidence level for a supernova explosion occurring at a distance of 5 kpc. Additionally, we examine the impact of systematic uncertainties on mass ordering sensitivity, showing that higher levels of systematics lead to a reduction in sensitivity. Similarly, the inclusion of energy smearing significantly diminishes ordering sensitivity.

    hep-phNPB(2025)·4 citations
14. 14*

    Interplay of intrinsic motion of partons and soft gluon emissions in Drell-Yan production studied with PYTHIA

    I. Bubanja🇲🇪 · H. Jung🇩🇪 · N. Raicevic🇲🇪 · S. Taheri Monfared🇩🇪

    Understanding the intrinsic transverse momentum (intrinsic-$k_T$) of partons within colliding hadrons, typically modeled with a Gaussian distribution characterized by a specific width (the intrinsic-$k_T$ width), has been an extremely challenging issue. This difficulty arises because event generators like Pythia require an intrinsic-$k_T$ width that unexpectedly varies with collision energy, reaching unphysical values at high energies. This paper investigates the underlying physics behind this energy dependence in Pythia, revealing that it arises from an interplay between two non-perturbative processes: the internal transverse motion of partons and non-perturbative soft gluon emissions. These contributions are most constrained in the production of Drell-Yan pairs with very low transverse momentum, where soft gluon effects become increasingly prominent with rising collision energy-contrary to initial expectations. Through a detailed analysis of the non-perturbative Sudakov form factor and its influence on intrinsic-$k_T$ width, we clarify the observed energy scaling behavior in Pythia, providing insight into a longstanding issue in parton shower modeling.

    hep-phhep-exEPJC(2025)·7 citations
15. 15*

    T violation at a future neutrino factory (Contribution to the 25th International Workshop on Neutrinos from Accelerators)

    Ryuichiro Kitano🇯🇵 · Joe Sato🇯🇵 · Sho Sugama🇯🇵

    We study the possibility of measuring T (time reversal) violation in a future long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. By assuming a neutrino factory as a staging scenario of a muon collider at the J-PARC site, we find that the ${\nu }_e\to {\nu }_{\mu }$ oscillation probabilities can be measured with good accuracy at the Hyper-Kamiokande detector. By comparing with the probability of the time-reversal process, ${\nu }_{\mu }\to {\nu }_e$, measured at the T2K/T2HK, one can determine the CP phase $\delta$ in the neutrino mixing matrix if $|\sin (\delta )|$ is large enough. The determination of $\delta$ can be made with poor knowledge of the matter density of the earth as T violation is almost insensitive to the matter effects. The comparison of CP and T-violation measurements, {\it à la} the CPT theorem, provides us with a non-trivial check of the three neutrino paradigm based on the quantum field theory. This proceeding is based on JHEP 12 (2024), 014 [arXiv:hep-ph/2407.05807].

    hep-phhep-ex0 citations
16. 16*

    $q_T$-slicing with multiple jets

    Rong-Jun Fu🇨🇳 · Rudi Rahn🇦🇹 · Ding Yu Shao🇨🇳 · Wouter J. Waalewijn🇳🇱 · Bin Wu🇪🇸

    Modern collider phenomenology requires unprecedented precision for the theoretical predictions, for which slicing techniques provide an essential tool at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in the strong coupling. The most popular slicing variable is based on the transverse momentum $q_T$ of a color-singlet final state, but its generalization to final states with jets is known to be very difficult. Here we propose two generalizations of $q_T$ that can be used for jet processes, providing proof of concept with an NLO slicing for $pp\to 2$ jets. We present factorization formulae that enable our approach to NNLO, calculate the NNLO collinear-soft function and demonstrate slicing at this order for $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to 2$ jets. One of these generalizations of $q_T$ only applies to planar Born processes, such as $pp\to 2$ jets, but offers a dramatic simplification of the soft function. We also discuss how our approach can directly be extended to obtain predictions for the fragmentation of hadrons. This presents a promising path for high-precision QCD calculations with multi-jet final states.

    hep-phnucl-thPRL(2025)·16 citations
17. 17*

    Accidental Symmetries, Hilbert Series, and Friends

    Benjamín Grinstein🇺🇸 · Xiaochuan Lu🇺🇸 · Carlos Miró🇪🇸 · Pablo Quílez🇺🇸

    Accidental symmetries in effective field theories can be established by computing and comparing Hilbert series. This invites us to study them with the tools of invariant theory. Applying this technology, we spotlight three classes of accidental symmetries that hold to all orders for non-derivative interactions. They are broken by derivative interactions and become ordinary finite-order accidental symmetries. To systematically understand the origin and the patterns of accidental symmetries, we introduce a novel mathematical construct - a (non-transitive) binary relation between subgroups that we call $friendship$. Equipped with this, we derive new criteria for all-order accidental symmetries in terms of $friends$, and criteria for finite-order accidental symmetries in terms of $friendsmanontroppo$. They allow us to verify and identify accidental symmetries more efficiently without computing the Hilbert series. We demonstrate the success of our new criteria by applying them to a variety of sample accidental symmetries, including the custodial symmetry in the Higgs sector of the Standard Model effective field theory.

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2025)·8 citations
18. 18*

    Non-Invertible Peccei-Quinn Symmetry, Natural 2HDM Alignment, and the Visible Axion

    Antonio Delgado🇺🇸 · Seth Koren🇺🇸

    We identify $m_{12}^2$ as a spurion of non-invertible Peccei-Quinn symmetry in the type II 2HDM with gauged quark flavor. Thus a UV theory which introduces quark color-flavor monopoles can naturally realize alignment without decoupling and can furthermore revive the Weinberg-Wilczek axion. As an example we consider the $SU(9)$ theory of color-flavor unification, which needs no new fermions. This is the first model-building use of non-invertible symmetry to find a Dirac natural explanation for a small $\text{relevant}$ parameter.

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2025)·16 citations
19. 19*

    Study of the deuterons emission time in pp collisions at the LHC via kaon-deuteron correlations

    Oton Vázquez Doce🇮🇹 · Dimitar Mihaylov🇩🇪 · Laura Fabbietti🇩🇪

    The femtoscopy correlation between positively charged kaons and deuterons measured in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV at the LHC with the ALICE experiment is employed to determine the upper limit for the time delay of the deuteron emission with respect to all other hadrons. Two scenarios are considered: the first assumes that deuterons form following the decays of short-lived strong resonances, while the second assumes that deuteron production occurs simultaneously with all other primary hadrons. For both scenarios, an additional delay time can be introduced using the CECA source model and its upper limit can be extracted by fitting the femtoscopy correlation. Two models are considered for the strong K${}^{+}$d final state interaction. For the scenario where deuterons production is affected by baryonic resonances the upper limit of the time delay is 2.25 fm/c, while for the primary production scenario the upper limit is 4.75 fm/c. These results support the hypothesis of an early formation of the deuteron as an extended, weakly bound composite object in ultra-relativistic proton-proton collisions at the LHC.

    ↳ nucl-exhep-phEPJA(2025)·9 citations
20. 20*

    Zephyr quantum-assisted hierarchical Calo4pQVAE for particle-calorimeter interactions

    Ian Lu🇨🇦 · Hao Jia🇨🇳 · Sebastian Gonzalez🇨🇦 · Deniz Sogutlu🇨🇦 · J. Quetzalcoatl Toledo-Marin🇨🇦 · Sehmimul Hoque · Abhishek Abhishek🇨🇦 · Colin Gay🇨🇦 · Roger Melko🇨🇦 · Eric Paquet🇨🇦 · Geoffrey Fox🇺🇸 · Maximilian Swiatlowski🇨🇦 · Wojciech Fedorko🇨🇦

    With the approach of the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) era set to begin particle collisions by the end of this decade, it is evident that the computational demands of traditional collision simulation methods are becoming increasingly unsustainable. Existing approaches, which rely heavily on first-principles Monte Carlo simulations for modeling event showers in calorimeters, are projected to require millions of CPU-years annually -- far exceeding current computational capacities. This bottleneck presents an exciting opportunity for advancements in computational physics by integrating deep generative models with quantum simulations. We propose a quantum-assisted hierarchical deep generative surrogate founded on a variational autoencoder (VAE) in combination with an energy conditioned restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) embedded in the model's latent space as a prior. By mapping the topology of D-Wave's Zephyr quantum annealer (QA) into the nodes and couplings of a 4-partite RBM, we leverage quantum simulation to accelerate our shower generation times significantly. To evaluate our framework, we use Dataset 2 of the CaloChallenge 2022. Through the integration of classical computation and quantum simulation, this hybrid framework paves way for utilizing large-scale quantum simulations as priors in deep generative models.

    ↳ cs.LGcs.AIhep-phphysics.comp-ph+10 citations
21. 21*

    Nonsingular black holes and spherically symmetric objects in nonlinear electrodynamics with a scalar field

    Antonio De Felice🇯🇵 · Shinji Tsujikawa🇯🇵

    In general relativity with vector and scalar fields given by the Lagrangian $\mathcal{L}(F,\varphi ,X)$, where $F$ is a Maxwell term and $X$ is a kinetic term of the scalar field $\varphi$, we study the linear stability of static and spherically symmetric objects without curvature singularities at their centers. We show that the background solutions are generally described by either purely electrically or magnetically charged objects with a nontrivial scalar-field profile. In theories with the Lagrangian $\tilde{\mathcal{L}}(F)+K(\varphi ,X)$, which correspond to nonlinear electrodynamics with a k-essence scalar field, angular Laplacian instabilities induced by vector-field perturbations exclude all the regular spherically symmetric solutions including nonsingular black holes. In theories described by the Lagrangian $\mathcal{L}=X+\mu (\varphi )F^n$, where $\mu$ is a function of $\varphi$ and $n$ is a constant, the absence of angular Laplacian instabilities of spherically symmetric objects requires that $n>1/2$, under which nonsingular black holes with apparent horizons are not present. However, for some particular ranges of $n$, there are horizonless compact objects with neither ghosts nor Laplacian instabilities in the small-scale limit. In theories given by $\mathcal{L}=X\kappa (F)$, where $\kappa$ is a function of $F$, regular spherically symmetric objects are prone to Laplacian instabilities either around the center or at spatial infinity. Thus, in our theoretical framework, we do not find any example of linearly stable nonsingular black holes.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-thPRD(2025)·20 citations
22. 22*

    PhaseTracer2: from the effective potential to gravitational waves

    Peter Athron🇨🇳 · Csaba Balazs🇦🇺 · Andrew Fowlie🇨🇳 · Lachlan Morris🇦🇺 · William Searle🇦🇺 · Yang Xiao🇨🇳 · Yang Zhang🇨🇳

    In recent years, the prospect of detecting gravitational waves sourced from a strongly first-order cosmological phase transition has emerged as one of the most exciting frontiers of gravitational wave astronomy. Cosmological phase transitions are an essential ingredient in the Standard Model of particle cosmology, and help explain the mechanism for creation of matter in the early Universe, provide insights into fundamental theories of physics, and shed light on the nature of dark matter. This underscores the significance of developing robust end-to-end tools for determining the resulting gravitational waves from these phase transitions. In this article we present PhaseTracer2, an improved version of the C++ software package PhaseTracer, designed for mapping cosmological phases and transitions in Standard Model extensions of multiple scalar fields. Building on the robust framework of its predecessor, PhaseTracer2 extends its capabilities by including new features crucial for a more comprehensive analysis of cosmological phase transitions. It can calculate more complex properties, such as the bounce action through the path deformation method or an interface with BubbleProfiler, thermodynamic parameters, and gravitational wave spectra. Its applicability has also been broadened via incorporating the dimensionally reduced effective potential for models obtained from DRalgo, as well as calculations in the MSbar and OS-like renormalisation schemes. This modular, flexible, and practical upgrade retains the speed and stability of the original PhaseTracer, while significantly expanding its utility.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phEPJC(2025)·35 citations
23. 23*

    Neutrino masses from large-scale structures: future sensitivity and theory dependence

    Davide Racco🇺🇸 · Pierre Zhang🇨🇭 · Henry Zheng🇺🇸

    In the incoming years, cosmological surveys aim at measuring the sum of neutrino masses $\Sigma m_{\nu }$, complementing the determination of their mass ordering from laboratory experiments. In order to assess the full potential of large-scale structures (LSS), we employ state-of-the-art predictions from the effective field theory of LSS (EFTofLSS) at one loop to perform Fisher forecasts on the sensitivity (combining power spectrum and bispectrum) of ongoing and future surveys (DESI, MegaMapper) in combination with CMB measurements (Planck, Litebird and Stage-4). We find that the 1$\sigma$ sensitivity on $\Sigma m_{\nu }$ is expected to be 15 meV with Planck+DESI, and 7 meV with S4+MegaMapper, where $\sim 10\%$ and $30\%$ of the constraints are brought by the one-loop bispectrum respectively. To understand how robust are these bounds, we explore how they are relaxed when considering extensions to the standard model, dubbed `new physics'. We find that the shift induced on $\Sigma m_{\nu }$ by a $1\sigma$ shift on new physics parameters (we consider extra relativistic species, neutrino self-interactions, curvature or a time-evolving electron mass) could be $\mathcal{O}(10)$ meV for Planck+DESI, but it will be suppressed down to $\mathcal{O}(1)$ meV in S4+MegaMapper. Our study highlights the quantitative impact of including the bispectrum at one loop in the EFTofLSS, and the robustness of the sensitivity to $\Sigma m_{\nu }$ against potential new physics thanks to the synergy of cosmological probes.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPhys.Dark Univ.(2025)·26 citations
24. 24*

    Excited cluster states: A new source for proton number fluctuations in the high baryon density regime

    Boris Tomasik🇸🇰 · Marcus Bleicher🇩🇪

    We calculate the contribution of the decay products of excited nuclear cluster states to the event-by-event fluctuations of protons in the energy range from $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2-5$~GeV within the statistical model. We find that the inclusion of the excited nuclear clusters yields corrections to all cumulant ratios, ranging from 1\% for ratio of second to first-order cumulant to 100\% for the sixth to second order cumulant towards the lowest inspected energy. As expected the contribution of excited cluster states is most important at low energies $\sqrt{s_{NN}}<3.5$~GeV and becomes negligible at higher collision energies. Especially in light of the expected ultra-high precision data from CBM at FAIR, this new contribution is important to allow for a quantitative comparison with (potentially later available) lattice QCD or effective model results.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exPLB(2025)·0 citations
25. 25*

    A simple non-parametric reconstruction of parton distributions from limited Fourier information

    Hervé Dutrieux🇺🇸 · Joseph Karpie🇺🇸 · Kostas Orginos🇺🇸 · Savvas Zafeiropoulos🇫🇷

    Some calculations of parton distributions from first principles only give access to a limited range of Fourier modes of the function to reconstruct. We present a physically motivated procedure to regularize the inverse integral problem using a Gaussian process as a Bayesian prior. We propose to fix the hyperparameters of the prior in a meaningful physical fashion, offering a simple implementation, great numerical efficiency, and allowing us to understand and keep control easily of the uncertainty of the reconstruction.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPRD(2025)·21 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.