Mon·Dec 2, 2024Monday·December 2, 2024

1. 01*

   The ${}^3{P}_0$ model reloaded

   Roberto Bruschini🇺🇸 · Pedro González🇪🇸 · Tatiana Tarutina🇦🇷

   We revisit the phenomenological ${}^3{P}_0$ model for the decay of quarkonium $\left(Q\bar{Q}\right)$ into two open flavor mesons ($\bar{\mathfrak{M}}\mathfrak{M}$). We take the heavy-quark limit and derive a transition rate between $Q\bar{Q}$ and $\bar{\mathfrak{M}}\mathfrak{M}$ to be compared with the one calculated in studies of string breaking using lattice QCD. This comparison allows to fit the creation amplitude of a light quark-antiquark pair in the ${}^3{P}_0$ model to the string-breaking transition rate in QCD.

   hep-ph0 citations
2. 02*

   Model-Agnostic Tagging of Quenched Jets in Heavy-Ion Collisions

   Umar Sohail Qureshi🇺🇸 · Raghav Kunnawalkam Elayavalli🇺🇸

   Measurements of jet substructure in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions indicate that interactions with the quark-gluon plasma quench the jet showering process. Modern data-driven methods have shown promise in probing these modifications in the jet's hard substructure. In this Letter, we present a machine learning framework to identify quenched jets while accounting for pileup, uncorrelated soft particle background, and detector effects; a more experimentally realistic and challenging scenario than previously addressed. Our approach leverages an interpretable sequential attention-based mechanism that integrates representations of individual jet constituents alongside global jet observables as features. The framework sets a new benchmark for tagging quenched jets with reduced model dependence.

   hep-ph8 citations
3. 03*

   Spin polarization for massive fermion in a shear flow: complete results at $O(\partial )$

   Ziyue Wang🇨🇳 · Shu Lin🇨🇳

   Motivated by the key role of shear induced polarization in understanding the local spin polarization puzzle of $\Lambda$ hyperons in heavy ion collisions, we perform a complete analysis of spin polarization of massive fermion in a quantum electrodynamic plasma with shear flow. Apart from the well-known spin-shear coupling in free theory, we include two more collision dependent contributions: one is a non-dynamical contribution fixed by shifted spin-averaged distribution in steady state; the other is a dynamical contribution following from spin evolution. Despite of the dependencies on collision, we find the dependencies on coupling drop out in the final results. These contributions can lead to significant enhancement of the spin-shear coupling in phenomenologically interesting regime.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2025)·13 citations
4. 04*

   Spin hydrodynamics

   Wojciech Florkowski🇵🇱

   The concept of spin hydrodynamics is reexamined and briefly characterized.

   hep-phJ.Subatomic Part.Cosmol.(2025)·10 citations
5. 05*

   Heavy-light mesons from a flavour-dependent interaction

   Fei Gao🇨🇳 · Angel S. Miramontes🇪🇸 · Joannis Papavassiliou🇪🇸 · Jan M. Pawlowski🇩🇪

   We introduce a new symmetry-preserving framework for the physics of heavy-light mesons, whose key element is the effective incorporation of flavour-dependent contributions into the corresponding bound-state and quark gap equations. These terms originate from the fully-dressed quark-gluon vertices appearing in the kernels of these equations, and provide a natural distinction between ``light" and ``heavy" quarks. In this approach, only the classical form factor of the quark-gluon vertex is retained, and is evaluated in the so-called ``symmetric" configuration. The standard Slavnov-Taylor identity links this form factor to the quark wave-function, allowing for the continuous transition from light to heavy quarks through the mere variation of the current quark mass in the gap equation. The method is used to compute the masses and decay constants of specific pseudoscalars and vector heavy-light systems, showing good overall agreement with both experimental data and lattice simulations.

   hep-phPLB(2025)·21 citations
6. 06*

   Collective dynamics in heavy and light-ion collisions -- I) Kinetic Theory vs. Hydrodynamics

   Victor E. Ambrus🇷🇴 · Sören Schlichting🇩🇪 · Clemens Werthmann🇩🇪

   High-energy nuclear collisions exhibit collective flow, which emerges as a dynamical response of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) to the initial state geometry of the collision. Collective flow in heavy-ion collisions is usually described within multi-stage evolution models, which employ a viscous relativistic hydrodynamic description of the space-time evolution of the QGP. By comparing event-by-event simulations in kinetic theory and viscous hydrodynamics in OO, AuAu and PbPb collisions at RHIC and LHC energies, we quantify to what extent a macroscopic hydrodynamic description can accurately describe the development of collective flow and to what extent collective flow in small systems, such as OO, is sensitive to the non-equilibrium evolution of the QGP beyond hydrodynamics.

   hep-phPRD(2025)·10 citations
7. 07*

   Collective dynamics in heavy and light-ion collisions -- II) Determining the origin of collective behavior in high-energy collisions

   Victor E. Ambrus🇷🇴 · Sören Schlichting🇩🇪 · Clemens Werthmann🇩🇪

   Exploiting the first measurements of the same ion species in OO collisons at RHIC and LHC, we propose an observable to distinguish whether collective behavior builds up through a hydrodynamic expansion of a strongly interacting QGP or few final state re-scatterings. Our procedure allows to disentangle the effects of the initial state geometry and the dynamical response mechanism on anisotropic flow. We validate its ability to discriminate between systems with different interaction rates using results from event-by-event simulations in kinetic theory.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2025)·11 citations
8. 08*

   Searching for MeV-mass neutrinophilic Dark Matter with Large Scale Dark Matter Detectors

   Anna M. Suliga (New York University)🇺🇸 · George M. Fuller (University of California San Diego)🇺🇸

   The indirect detection of dark matter (DM) through its annihilation products is one of the primary strategies for DM detection. One of the least constrained classes of models is neutrinophilic DM, because the annihilation products, weakly interacting neutrinos, are challenging to observe. Here, we consider a scenario where MeV-mass DM exclusively annihilates to the third neutrino mass eigenstate, which is predominantly of tau and muon flavor. In such a scenario, the potential detection rate of the neutrinos originating from the DM annihilation in our Galaxy in the conventional detectors would be suppressed by up to approximately two orders of magnitude. This is because the best sensitivity of such detectors for neutrinos with energies below approximately 100 MeV is for electron neutrino flavor. In this work, we highlight the potential of large-scale DM detectors in uncovering such signals in the tens of MeV range of DM masses. In addition, we discuss how coincident signals in direct detection DM experiments and upcoming neutrino detectors such as DUNE, Hyper-Kamiokande, and JUNO could provide new perspectives on the DM problem.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEhep-exPRD(2025)·2 citations
9. 09*

   Universality of the baryon axial vector current operator in large-$N_c$ chiral perturbation theory

   Ruben Flores-Mendieta🇲🇽 · Guillermo Sanchez-Almanza🇲🇽

   The baryon axial vector current is computed in a combined formalism in $1/N_c$ and chiral corrections. Flavor $SU(3)$ symmetry breaking is accounted for in two ways: Implicitly through the integrals occurring in the one-loop graphs and explicitly through perturbative symmetry breaking. Loop integrals can be expanded in a power series in the ratio of the decuplet-octet baryon mass difference to the pseudoscalar meson mass and the first three terms in the series are retained and evaluated. The universal baryon axial vector current so constructed is neither diagonal nor off-diagonal in the sense that it can connect baryon states of either different or equal spins to obtain appropriate axial vector couplings. Processes of interest are found in octet-baryon and decuplet-baryon semileptonic decays and strong decays of decuplet baryons. A fit to the available experimental information is performed to determine the free parameters in the formalism, which allows one to estimate, for instance, the leading axial vector coupling in the semileptonic decay ${\Omega }^{-}\to {{\Xi }^{\ast }}^0{\ell }^{-}{\overline{\nu }}_{\ell }$.

   hep-phEPJC(2025)·4 citations
10. 10*

    New physics effects on $B\to D^{(\ast )}\tau \nu$ decays

    Jong-Phil Lee🇰🇷

    We investigate new physics effects on $B\to D^{(\ast )}\tau \nu$ decays in a general and model-independent way. The ${\chi }^2$ fits for fractions of the branching ratios $R(D^{(\ast )})$ and other polarization parameters are implemented. We parameterize the relevant Wilson coefficients with a new physics scale and its power together with combined fermionic couplings. Constraints from $B_c\to \tau \nu$ are imposed such that its branching ratio is less than 30%. For a moderate range of our parameters we find that the new physics scale goes up to $\lesssim 27$ TeV for ordinary new particle contributions. It turns out that the polarization asymmetry of $\tau$ for $B\to D$ transition can be negative only for a few combinations of the new physics operators. We also discuss related processes $B_c\to J/\Psi \tau \nu$ and ${\Lambda }_b\to {\Lambda }_c\tau \nu$ decays.

    hep-phJ.Korean Phys.Soc.(2026)·2 citations
11. 11*

    RI-(S)MOM to $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ conversion for $B_K$ at two-loop order

    Martin Gorbahn🇬🇧 · Sebastian Jäger🇬🇧 · Sandra Kvedaraitė🇪🇸

    The Kaon bag parameter ${\hat{B}}_K$ plays a critical role in constraining the parameters of the CKM matrix and in probing physics beyond the Standard Model. In this work, we improve the precision of ${\hat{B}}_K$ to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) and provide world averages for both $3$- and $4$-flavour theories. In the course of this, as our main technical development, we carry out the two-loop matching between the RI-(S)MOM and $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ schemes. Our world averages combine all available lattice data, including conversion between the 3- and 4-flavour theories as appropriate. We obtain the result ${\hat{B}}_K^{(f=3)}=0.7627(60)$, which comprises the complete set of $3$- and $4$-flavour lattice results and can be used directly in phenomenological applications. The error is dominated by lattice uncertainties and missing higher-order corrections (residual scale dependence). Our averages include a PDG rescaling factor of 1.28 reflecting a mild tension among the lattice inputs after inclusion of NNLO corrections in the scheme conversion and matching across flavour thresholds. Our averages imply an updated value $|{ϵ}_K|=2.171(65{)}_{\text{pert.}}(71{)}_{\text{non-pert.}}(153{)}_{\text{param.}}\times 10^{-3}$. We briefly discuss applications of our results to $D$-meson mixing.

    hep-phhep-latJHEP(2025)·12 citations
12. 12*

    Dispersion relation for hadronic light-by-light scattering: subleading contributions

    Martin Hoferichter🇨🇭 · Peter Stoffer🇨🇭 · Maximilian Zillinger🇨🇭

    In this work, we present an evaluation of subleading effects in the hadronic light-by-light contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. Using a recently derived optimized basis, we first study the matching of axial-vector contributions to short-distance constraints at the level of the scalar basis functions, finding that also the tails of the pseudoscalar poles and tensor mesons play a role. We then develop a matching strategy that allows for a combined evaluation of axial-vector and short-distance constraints, supplemented by an estimate of tensor-meson contributions based on simplified assumptions for their transition form factors. Uncertainties are primarily propagated from the axial-vector transition form factors and the variation of the matching scale, but we also consider estimates of the low-energy effect of hadronic states not explicitly included. In total, we obtain $a_{\mu }^{\text{HLbL}}{|}_{\text{subleading}}=33.2(7.2)\times 10^{-11}$, which in combination with previously evaluated contributions in the dispersive approach leads to $a_{\mu }^{\text{HLbL}}{|}_{\text{total}}=101.9(7.9)\times 10^{-11}$.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-thJHEP(2025)·57 citations
13. 13*

    Extra-dimensional axion patterns

    Arturo de Giorgi🇬🇧 · Maria Ramos🇨🇭

    We study the $\text{complete}$ parameter space of a bulk axion in flat and warped extra spacetime dimensions. We characterize in detail the regimes where no single KK mode is produced along the canonical QCD axion line, and instead, it is maximally deviated along with several other axions that constitute a multiple solution to the strong CP problem. In both flat and Randall-Sundrum scenarios, and assuming that all Peccei-Quinn breaking comes from QCD, we find that these solutions are however subject to tight phenomenological constraints. In light of these results, we expect that only KK canonical patterns (with the zero-mode close to the standard QCD line) can emerge from a bulk axion in one or more extra spacetime dimensions. As a byproduct, we generalize the axions eigenvalue and eigenvector equations for an arbitrary number of spacetime dimensions and compactifications.

    hep-phhep-thPRD(2025)·22 citations
14. 14*

    Strong Constraints on Dark Photon and Scalar Dark Matter Decay from INTEGRAL and AMS-02 data

    Thong T.Q. Nguyen🇸🇪 · Isabelle John🇸🇪 · Tim Linden🇸🇪 · Tim M.P. Tait🇺🇸

    We investigate the decay of bosonic dark matter with masses between 1 MeV and 2 TeV into Standard Model final states. We specifically focus on dark photons that kinetically mix with the Standard Model, as well as scalar dark matter models that have Yukawa couplings with the Standard Model. Using INTEGRAL and AMS-02 data, we constrain the dark matter decay lifetime into final states that include photons or positrons, setting strong constraints on the dark matter lifetime that reach 10${}^{25}$ s for dark matter below 10 GeV and up to 10${}^{29}$ s for dark matter above 10 GeV.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEPRD(2026)·30 citations
15. 15*

    Conformal Freeze-In from Neutrino Portal

    Sungwoo Hong🇰🇷 · Maxim Perelstein🇺🇸 · Taewook Youn🇺🇸

    We study a scenario where a dark sector, described by a Conformal Field Theory (CFT), interacts with the Standard Model through the neutrino portal. In this setup, conformal invariance breaks below the electroweak scale, causing the theory to transition into a confined (hadronic) phase. One of the hadronic excitations in this phase can act as dark matter. In the "Conformal Freeze-In" cosmological framework, the dark sector is populated through interactions with the Standard Model at temperatures where it retains approximate conformal symmetry. The dark matter relic density depends on the CFT parameters, such as the dimension of the operator coupled to the Standard Model. We demonstrate that this model can reproduce the DM relic density and meet all observational constraints. The same neutrino portal interaction may also generate masses for the active neutrinos. The dark matter candidate could either be a pseudo-Goldstone boson (PGB) or a composite fermion with the quantum numbers of a sterile neutrino. In the latter case, the model is consistent with the current X-ray constraints, and may be detectable with future X-ray observations.

    hep-phJHEP(2025)·7 citations
16. 16*

    Complete dispersive evaluation of the hadronic light-by-light contribution to muon $g-2$

    Martin Hoferichter🇨🇭 · Peter Stoffer🇨🇭 · Maximilian Zillinger🇨🇭

    Hadronic light-by-light (HLbL) scattering defines one of the critical contributions in the Standard-Model prediction of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. In this Letter, we present a complete evaluation using a dispersive formalism, in which the HLbL tensor is reconstructed from its discontinuities, expressed in terms of simpler hadronic matrix elements that can be extracted from experiment. Profiting from recent developments in the determination of axial-vector transition form factors, short-distance constraints for the HLbL tensor, and the vector-vector-axial-vector correlator, we obtain $a_{\mu }^{\text{HLbL}}=101.9(7.9)\times 10^{-11}$, which meets the precision requirements set by the final result of the Fermilab experiment.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-thPRL(2025)·32 citations
17. 17*

    Spontaneous CP Violation and Flavor Changing Neutral Currents in Minimal SO(10)

    Xiyuan Gao🇩🇪

    We explore spontaneous CP violation (SCPV) in the minimal non-supersymmetric SO(10) grand unified theory (GUT), with a scalar sector comprising a CP-even $45_H$, a $126_H$, and a complex $10_H$. All renormalizable couplings are real due to CP symmetry, and the Kobayashi-Maskawa phase arises solely from complex electroweak vacuum expectation values. The model requires an additional Higgs doublet fine-tuned below 500 GeV and constrains new Yukawa couplings, linking certain flavor-violating (FV) processes. Future proton decay observations may reveal correlated FV decay ratios, offering insights into minimal SO(10).

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2025)·5 citations
18. 18*

    Improving the performance of weak supervision searches using data augmentation

    Zong-En Chen🇹🇼 · Cheng-Wei Chiang🇹🇼 · Feng-Yang Hsieh🇹🇼

    Weak supervision combines the advantages of training on real data with the ability to exploit signal properties. However, training a neural network using weak supervision often requires an excessive amount of signal data, which severely limits its practical applicability. In this study, we propose addressing this limitation through data augmentation, increasing the training data's size and diversity. Specifically, we focus on physics-inspired data augmentation methods, such as $p_{\text{T}}$ smearing and jet rotation. Our results demonstrate that data augmentation can significantly enhance the performance of weak supervision, enabling neural networks to learn efficiently from substantially less data.

    hep-phcs.LGhep-exJHEP(2025)·1 citation
19. 19*

    Indirect detection of the QCD axion

    Luca Visinelli🇨🇳 · Bradley Johnson🇺🇸 · Bradley J. Kavanagh🇪🇸 · David J.E. Marsh🇬🇧 · Jordan E. Shroyer🇺🇸 · Liam Walters🇺🇸

    The QCD axion, originally proposed to solve the strong CP problem in QCD, is a prominent candidate for dark matter (DM). In the presence of strong magnetic fields, such as those around neutron stars, axions can theoretically convert into photons, producing detectable electromagnetic signals. This axion-photon coupling provides a unique experimental pathway to probe axions within a specific mass range. We investigate a novel observational approach using the Green Bank Telescope (GBT) to search for radio transients that could arise from interactions between neutron stars and dense DM clumps known as axion miniclusters. By observing the core of Andromeda with the VErsatile GBT Astronomical Spectrometer (VEGAS) and the X-band receiver (8 to 10 GHz), we achieve sensitivity to axions with masses in the range of (33 - 42)$\mu$eV, with a mass resolution of $3.8\times 10^{-4}\mu$eV. We detail our observational and analytical strategies developed to capture transient signals from axion-photon conversion, achieving an instrumental sensitivity of $2$mJy per spectral channel. Despite our sensitivity threshold, no candidate signals exceeding the 5$\sigma$ level were identified. Future implementations will extend this search across additional spectral bands and refine the modeling used for the processes involved, strengthening the constraints on axion DM models.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phhep-thPoS(2025)·3 citations
20. 20*

    Centre vortex evidence for a second finite-temperature QCD transition

    Jackson A. Mickley🇦🇺 · Chris Allton🇬🇧 · Ryan Bignell🇮🇪 · Derek B. Leinweber🇦🇺

    Evidence for the existence of a second finite-temperature transition in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is obtained through the study of centre vortex geometry and its evolution with temperature. The dynamical anisotropic ensembles of the FASTSUM Collaboration are utilised to conduct a comprehensive analysis at eight temperatures beyond the established chiral transition. Visualisations of the centre vortex structure in temporal and spatial slices of the lattice reveal that vortex percolation persists through the chiral transition and ceases at a temperature that is approximately twice the chiral transition temperature $T_c$. This implies that confinement is retained through temperatures up to $T\approx 2T_c$, pointing toward a second transition corresponding to deconfinement. The loss of percolation is quantified by the vortex cluster extent, providing a clear signal for the deconfinement transition. Additional vortex statistics, including temporal correlations, vortex and branching point densities, the number of secondary clusters and vortex chain lengths between branching points, are scrutinised as a function of temperature. All ten measures investigated herein show the characteristics of two transitions in QCD, encompassing the chiral transition at $T_c$ and the deconfinement transition at $T\approx 2T_c$. Performing an inflection point analysis on the vortex and branching point densities produces an estimate of $T_c$ that agrees with the known FASTSUM value. By the same procedure, a precise estimate of the deconfinement point is extracted as $T_d=321(6)$MeV.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phhep-thnucl-thPRD(2025)·30 citations
21. 21*

    Quantum simulation of thermal field theories

    Iván Cuntín🇪🇸 · Wenyang Qian🇪🇸 · Bin Wu🇪🇸

    We present our recent studies on thermal field theories using quantum algorithms. We first delve into the representation of quantum fields via qubits on general digital quantum computers alongside the quantum algorithms employed to evaluate thermal properties of generic quantum field theories. Then, we show our numerical results of thermal field theories in 1+1 dimensions using quantum simulators. Both fermion and scalar fields will be discussed. These studies aim to understand thermal fixed points for our forthcoming work on studying thermalisation in quantum field theories in real time quantum simulation.

    ↳ quant-phhep-phPoS(2025)·1 citation
22. 22*

    Non-perturbative three-nucleon simulation using chiral lattice EFT

    Lukas Bovermann🇩🇪 · Evgeny Epelbaum🇩🇪 · Hermann Krebs🇩🇪 · Dean Lee🇺🇸

    We study the three-nucleon system at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (${\mathrm{N}}^3\mathrm{LO}$) in the framework of chiral effective field theory (EFT) on the lattice. Our calculations do not rely on a perturbative treatment of subleading contributions to the nuclear forces. For the two-nucleon potential, we apply the previously developed ${\mathrm{N}}^3\mathrm{LO}$ lattice interaction. For the leading contribution to the three-nucleon force, we determine the two low-energy constants (LECs) in the contact interactions by adjusting the ground state energy and half-life of triton, where the latter employs the nuclear axial current at ${\mathrm{N}}^2\mathrm{LO}$ in chiral EFT. Additionally, the ground state energy of helion and the charge radii of the two considered nuclei are computed. No effect of the smearing regularization in the three-nucleon contact interaction is observed here. We compare our results with recent lattice-EFT calculations that are based on a potential tuned to light and medium-mass nuclei using the wave-function-matching technique to circumvent the Monte-Carlo sign problem.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-lathep-phnucl-exPoS(2026)·0 citations
23. 23*

    Finite parts of inflationary loops

    Guillermo Ballesteros🇪🇸 · Jesús Gambín Egea🇪🇸 · Flavio Riccardi🇪🇸

    We present a method for solving loop integrals in dimensional regularization that is particularly useful in the context of inflation. We apply this method to the calculation of the tensor power spectrum induced by scalar fluctuations in slow-roll inflation.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phJHEP(2025)·18 citations
24. 24*

    The classification and formation rate of $Swift/BAT$ gamma-ray bursts

    Juan-Juan Luo · Liang Zhang🇨🇳 · Li-Yun Zhang🇨🇳 · Yong-Feng Huang🇨🇳 · Jia-Quan Lin · Jun-Wang Lu · Xiao-Fei Dong🇨🇳

    Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are usually classified into long/short categories according to their durations, but controversy still exists in this aspect. Here we re-examine the long/short classification of GRBs and further compare the cosmological distribution and evolution of each potential subclass. A large number of $Swift/BAT$ GRBs are analyzed in this study. The Gaussian mixture model is used to fit the duration distribution as well as the joint distribution of duration and hardness ratio, and the Akaike and Bayesian information criteria are adopted to assess the goodness of fit. It is found that three Gaussian components can better fit both the univariate and bivariate distributions, indicating that there are three subclasses in the $Swift/BAT$ GRBs, namely short, intermediate, and long subclasses. The non-parametric Efron-Petrosian and Lynden-Bell's $c^{-}$ methods are used to derive the luminosity function and formation rate from the truncated data of bursts with known redshift in each subclass. It is found that the luminosity distributions and birth rates of the three subclasses are different, further supporting the existence of the intermediate subclass in the $Swift/BAT$ GRBs.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phApJL(2024)·1 citation
25. 25*

    Electromagnetic Probes of the Quantum Chromodynamical Plasma

    Gojko Vujanovic🇨🇦

    In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, electromagnetic (EM) radiation has been used as a sensitive probe of Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP) properties, owing to the smaller EM coupling relative to QCD coupling. To better understand the constraining power of EM emissions on transport properties of the QGP, a deeper understanding of both the theory and phenomenology of EM signals is required. A selection of recent developments in those two areas of QGP EM probes is discussed, with an outlook on how Bayesian model-to-data comparisons can help further quantify our understanding of QGP transport coefficients.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phNPA(2025)·2 citations
26. 26*

    Kinetic Gauge Friction in Natural Inflation

    Martino Michelotti🇳🇱 · Rodrigo Gonzalez Quaglia🇳🇱 · Ema Dimastrogiovanni🇳🇱 · Matteo Fasiello🇪🇸 · Diederik Roest🇳🇱

    We study an extension of the natural inflation model comprising a non-Abelian gauge sector coupled to the axion-inflaton kinetic term. We show how such non-minimal coupling serves as a source of friction for the rolling inflaton granting sixty or more $e$-folds of accelerated expansion for sub-Planckian values of the axion decay constant. The analysis of perturbations reveals a negative sound speed, thus signaling an instability. Implementing a Chern-Simons-type coupling between the inflaton and gauge sectors cures the instability by delivering a positive speed. We perform a numerical study of scalar and tensor perturbations for a fiducial set of parameters finding that the corresponding observables are compatible with current CMB bounds.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thJCAP(2025)·9 citations
27. 27*

    Gravitational form factors of the deuteron

    J. Yu. Panteleeva🇩🇪 · E. Epelbaum🇩🇪 · A. M. Gasparyan🇩🇪 · J. Gegelia🇩🇪

    The gravitational form factors of the deuteron are calculated in the framework of non-relativistic chiral effective field theory. Non-relativistic reduction of the matrix element of the energy-momentum tensor operator for spin-one systems is worked out, and the gravitational form factors of the deuteron are extracted from the three-point function of the energy-momentum tensor using the LSZ reduction formula. The obtained form factors are compared to results of model calculations available in the literature.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phActa Phys.Polon.B(2025)·5 citations
28. 28*

    The hot circumgalactic medium in the eROSITA All-Sky Survey III. Star-forming and quiescent galaxies

    Yi Zhang🇨🇳 · Johan Comparat🇩🇪 · Gabriele Ponti🇮🇹 · Andrea Merloni🇩🇪 · Kirpal Nandra🇩🇪 · Frank Haberl · Nhut Truong · Annalisa Pillepich · Paola Popesso · Nicola Locatelli · Xiaoyuan Zhang · Jeremy Sanders and 8 other authors

    The circumgalactic medium (CGM), as the gas repository for star formation, might contain the answer to the mysterious galaxy quenching and bimodal galaxy population origin. We measured the X-ray emission of the hot CGM around star-forming and quiescent galaxies. We detect extended X-ray emission from the hot CGM around star-forming galaxies with $\log (M_{\ast }/M_{\odot })>11.0$ and quiescent galaxies with $\log (M_{\ast }/M_{\odot })>10.5$, extending out to $R_{500c}$. $L_{\mathrm{X},\mathrm{CGM}}$ of star-forming galaxies with median stellar masses $\log (M_{\ast ,\mathrm{med}}/M_{\odot })=10.7,11.1,11.3$ are approximately $0.8,2.3,4.0\times 10^{40}erg/s$, while for quiescent galaxies with $\log (M_{\ast ,\mathrm{med}}/M_{\odot })=10.8,11.1,11.4$, they are $1.1,6.2,30\times 10^{40}erg/s$. Notably, quiescent galaxies with $\log (M_{\ast ,\mathrm{med}}/M_{\odot })>11.0$ exhibit brighter hot CGM than their star-forming counterparts. In halo mass bins, we detect similar X-ray emission around star-forming and quiescent galaxies with $\log (M_{200m}/M_{\odot })>12.5$, suggesting that galaxies in the same mass dark matter halos host equally bright hot CGM. We emphasize the observed $L_{\mathrm{X},\mathrm{CGM}}-M_{500c}$ relations of star-forming and quiescent galaxies are sensitive to the stellar-to-halo mass relation (SHMR). A comparison with cosmological hydrodynamical simulations (EAGLE, TNG100, and SIMBA) reveals varying degrees of agreement, contingent on the simulation and the specific stellar or halo mass ranges considered. Either selected in stellar mass or halo mass, the star-forming galaxies do not host brighter stacked X-ray emission from the hot CGM than their quiescent counterparts at the same mass range. The result provides useful constraints on the extent of feedback's impacts as a mechanism for quenching star formation as implemented in current cosmological simulations.

    ↳ astro-ph.GAhep-phAstron.Astrophys.(2025)·16 citations
29. 29*

    Bootstrapping leading hadronic muon anomaly

    Ahmadullah Zahed🇮🇹

    We bootstrap the leading order hadronic contribution to $a_{\mu }$ using unitarity, analytic properties, crossing symmetry and finite energy sum rules (FESR) from quantum chromodynamics (QCD), establishing a lower bound. Combining this lower bound with the remaining precisely calculated contributions from quantum electrodynamics and electroweak interactions, we achieve a lower bound on muon anomaly $a_{\mu }$. Since the FESRs have uncertainties, our bound depends on the choices of FESRs within these uncertainties. A conservative choice of the FESR gives a conservative lower bound, consistent with Standard Model (SM) data-driven prediction. We show that there are other valid choices of FESRs within the uncertainties that lead to lower bounds, which are inconsistent with SM data-driven prediction but consistent with the measured values of the muon anomaly. The bootstrapped spectral density shows a $\rho$-resonance peak similar to experimental hadronic cross-ratio data, providing a bootstrap prediction for $\rho$-meson mass.

    ↳ hep-thhep-exhep-lathep-phPRD(2025)·3 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.