Mon·Nov 11, 2024Monday·November 11, 2024

1. 01*

   Combination of aN${}^3$LO PDFs and implications for Higgs production cross-sections at the LHC

   Thomas Cridge🇩🇪 · Lucian A. Harland-Lang🇬🇧 · Jamie McGowan🇬🇧 · Robert S. Thorne (the MSHT Collaboration)🇬🇧 · Richard D. Ball🇬🇧 · Alessandro Candido🇨🇭 · Stefano Carrazza🇮🇹 · Juan Cruz-Martinez🇨🇭 · Luigi Del Debbio🇬🇧 · Stefano Forte🇮🇹 · Felix Hekhorn🇫🇮 · Giacomo Magni🇳🇱 and 5 other authors

   We discuss how the two existing approximate N${}^3$LO (aN${}^3$LO) sets of parton distributions (PDFs) from the MSHT20 and NNPDF4.0 series can be combined for LHC phenomenology, both in the pure QCD case and for the QCD$\otimes$QED sets that include the photon PDF. Using the resulting combinations, we present predictions for the total inclusive cross-section for Higgs production in gluon fusion, vector boson fusion, and associated production at the LHC Run-3. For the gluon fusion and vector boson fusion channels, the corrections that arise when using correctly matched aN${}^3$LO PDFs with N${}^3$LO cross section calculations, compared to using NNLO PDFs, are significant, in many cases larger than the PDF uncertainty, and generally larger than the differences between the two aN${}^3$LO PDF sets entering the combination. The combined aN${}^3$LO PDF sets, MSHT20xNNPDF40_an3lo and MSHT20xNNPDF40_an3lo_qed, are made publicly available in the LHAPDF format and can be readily used for LHC phenomenology.

   hep-phhep-exJ.Phys.G(2025)·29 citations
2. 02*

   Nucleon Decay as a Probe of Flavor Symmetry: The Case of Fake Unification

   Masahiro Ibe🇯🇵 · Satoshi Shirai🇯🇵 · Keiichi Watanabe🇯🇵

   This paper explores nucleon decay within the framework of a "fake Grand Unified Theory (GUT)" combined with the Froggatt-Nielsen (FN) mechanism. In this fake GUT framework, quarks and leptons may have distinct high-energy origins but fit into complete $\mathrm{SU}(5)$ multiplets at low energies without requiring force unification, setting it apart from conventional GUTs. By introducing flavor symmetry through the FN mechanism, the model addresses the flavor puzzle of quark and lepton mass hierarchies and mixing patterns. Our analysis demonstrates that nucleon decay rates and branching fractions in the fake GUT are sensitive to flavor symmetry, providing a means to distinguish it from conventional GUT predictions. These findings underscore the importance of nucleon decay searches in probing both baryon number violation and the underlying flavor structure.

   hep-phJHEP(2025)·3 citations
3. 03*

   CP-violation in the Weinberg 3HDM potential

   O. M. Ogreid🇳🇴 · P. Osland🇳🇴 · M. N. Rebelo🇵🇹

   We explore the phenomenology of Weinberg's $Z_2\times Z_2$ symmetric three-Higgs-doublet potential, allowing for spontaneous violation of CP due to complex vacuum expectation values. An overview of all possible ways of satisfying the stationary-point conditions is given, with one, two or three non-vanishing vacuum expectation values, together with conditions for CP conservation in terms of basis invariants. All possible ways of satisfying the conditions for CP conservation are given. Scans of allowed parameter regions are given, together with measures of CP violation, in terms of the invariants. The light states identified in an earlier paper are further explored in terms of their CP-violating couplings. Loop-induced CP violation in $WWZ$ couplings, as well as charge-asymmetric scattering are also commented on.

   hep-phJHEP(2025)·4 citations
4. 04*

   Photoproduction of ${\eta }_c\gamma$ pairs in CGC framework

   M. Siddikov🇨🇱 · I. Zemlyakov🇨🇱 · M. Roa🇨🇱 · S. Valdebenito🇨🇱

   In this paper we analyzed the exclusive photoproduction of ${\eta }_c\gamma$ pairs in the Color Glass Condensate framework. We found that the cross-section of this process is sensitive only to the forward dipole scattering amplitude, and thus could be used as a new tool for analysis of this fundamental nonperturbative object. Using the phenomenological parametrizations of this object, we estimated numerically the production cross-section and counting rates in the kinematics of the ongoing and forthcoming experiments at LHC and future Electron Ion Collider. We found that the cross-section is sufficiently large for dedicated experimental study. We also estimated the role of this process as a potential background to ${\eta }_c$ photoproduction, which is conventionally considered as a gateway for studies of odderons. We found that the contribution of ${\eta }_c\gamma$ (with undetected photon) is on par with expected contributions of odderons in the kinematics of small momentum transfer $|t|\lesssim 1$ GeV${}^2$, though decreases rapidly at larger $|t|$. Finally, we also calculated the feed-down contribution (from radiative decays of other charmonia) and found that a sizable correction comes from $J/\psi \to {\eta }_c\gamma$ decays. This contribution remains pronounced even at relatively large $|t|$ and potentially can impose constraint on detectability of odderons via ${\eta }_c$ photoproduction.

   hep-phPRD(2025)·3 citations
5. 05*

   Condensation and prescaling in spatial Polyakov loop correlations far from equilibrium

   Daniel Spitz🇩🇪 · Kirill Boguslavski🇦🇹 · Thimo Preis🇩🇪

   The far-from-equilibrium dynamics of spatial Polyakov loop correlations, which provide gauge-invariant observables akin to effective particle numbers for gluon plasmas, are investigated within real-time $\mathrm{SU}(N_c)$ lattice gauge theory at weak couplings and large gluon occupations. The momentum zero mode of these correlations reveals the dynamic formation of a condensate, while at nonzero momenta, energy is transported toward the ultraviolet. We demonstrate that the non-zero momentum dynamics is well described by a direct cascade in terms of gauge-invariant Polyakov loop excitations, exhibiting self-similar prescaling indicative of a nonthermal attractor. This behavior can be analytically understood through perturbation theory for the Polyakov loop correlations and the established dynamics of gauge field correlations. We perform simulations for both $\mathrm{SU}(2)$ and $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ gauge groups, providing further consistency checks on the $N_c$-dependence of perturbative expectations. No evidence of an inverse cascade toward lower momenta is found for momenta above the electric screening scale.

   hep-phcond-mat.quant-gashep-latnucl-thPRD(2025)·4 citations
6. 06*

   FIMP Dark Matter in bulk viscous non-standard cosmologies

   Esteban González🇨🇱 · Carlos Maldonado🇨🇱 · N. Stefanía Mite🇨🇱 · Rodrigo Salinas🇨🇱

   In this paper, we revisit the extension of the classical non-standard cosmological model in which dissipative processes are considered through a bulk viscous term in the new field $\varphi$, which interacts with the radiation component during the early universe. Specifically, we consider an interaction term of the form ${\Gamma }_{\varphi }{\rho }_{\varphi }$, where ${\Gamma }_{\varphi }$ represents the decay rate of the field and ${\rho }_{\varphi }$ denotes its energy density and a bulk viscosity described by $\xi ={\xi }_0{\rho }_{\varphi }^{1/2}$, within the framework of Eckart's theory. This extended non-standard cosmology is employed to explore the parameter space for the production of Feebly Interacting Massive Particles (FIMPs) as Dark Matter candidates, assuming a constant thermal averaged Dark Matter production cross-section ($⟨\sigma v⟩$), as well as a preliminary analysis of the non-constant case. In particular, for certain combinations of the model and Dark Matter parameters, namely ($T_{\text{end}}$,$\kappa$) and $(m_{\chi },⟨\sigma v⟩)$, where $T_{\text{end}}$ corresponds to the temperature at which $\varphi$ decays, $\kappa$ is the ratio between the initial energy density of $\varphi$ and radiation, and $m_{\chi }$ is the Dark Matter mass, we identify extensive new parameter regions where Dark Matter can be successfully established while reproducing the currently observed relic density, in contrast to the predictions of $\Lambda$CDM and classical non-standard cosmological scenarios.

   hep-phastro-ph.COSymmetry(2025)·5 citations
7. 07*

   Axial-vector and scalar contributions to hadronic light-by-light scattering

   Gernot Eichmann🇦🇹 · Christian S. Fischer🇩🇪 · Tim Haeuser🇩🇪 · Oliver Regenfelder🇦🇹

   We present results for single axial-vector and scalar meson pole contributions to the hadronic light-by-light scattering (HLbL) part of the muon's anomalous magnetic moment. In the dispersive approach to these quantities (in narrow width approximation) the central inputs are the corresponding space-like electromagnetic transition form factors. We determine these directly using a functional approach to QCD by Dyson-Schwinger and Bethe-Salpeter equations in the very same setup we used previously to determine pseudo-scalar meson exchange ($\pi$, $\eta$ and ${\eta }^{\prime }$) as well as meson ($\pi$ and $K$) box contributions. Particular care is taken to preserve gauge invariance and to comply with short distance constraints in both the form factors and the HLbL tensor. Our result for the contributions from a tower of axial-vector states including short distance constraints is { $a_{\mu }^{\text{HLbL}}[\text{AV-tower+SDC}]=24.8(6.1)\times 10^{-11}$}. For the combined contributions from $f_0(980),a_0(980),f_0(1370)$ and $a_0(1450)$ we find $a_{\mu }^{\text{HLbL}}[\text{scalar}]=-1.6(5)\times 10^{-11}$.

   hep-phhep-latEPJC(2025)·47 citations
8. 08*

   Magnetic monopoles -- theory overview

   Arttu Rajantie🇬🇧

   I give a theoretical overview of magnetic monopoles, focusing on the physical perspective of monopoles as hypothetical particles rather than as mathematical objects. I argue that monopoles are exceptionally interesting hypothetical particles and discuss the prospects of addressing the question of their existence, and possibly producing them, in particle physics experiments.

   hep-phhep-th3 citations
9. 09*

   Constraints on the Inert Doublet Model of dark matter with very high-energy gamma-ray observatories

   Lucca Radicce Justino🇧🇷 · Clarissa Siqueira🇧🇷 · Aion Viana🇧🇷

   We investigate constraints on the Inert Doublet Model (IDM) that features a scalar dark matter candidate, using data from recent and future gamma-ray observatories. The relevance of the model for indirect searches of dark matter stems from two key features: first, in the high mass regime, IDM can achieve the correct dark matter relic abundance for masses between approximately 500 GeV and 25 TeV, aligning perfectly with the energy sensitivity of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes. Second, this regime is dominated by co-annihilation processes, which elevate the thermal relic velocity-weighted annihilation cross section to the range of $0.5$ to $1.0\times 10^{-25}$ cm${}^3$ s${}^{-1}$, thereby enhancing the potential gamma-ray signal from dark matter annihilation. Analyzing the recent H.E.S.S. Inner Galaxy Survey, we find that dark matter particle masses within the 1-8 TeV range are excluded by current data, assuming a benchmark cuspy Einasto profile. Furthermore, we project that the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) will comprehensively probe the remaining viable parameter space of the IDM under the same assumptions. Our findings are further examined in light of recent theoretical constraints, collider searches, and direct detection results from the LUX-ZEPLIN experiment.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEPLB(2026)·6 citations
10. 10*

    Dark Particles at the LHC: LHC-Friendly Dark Matter Characterization via Non-Linear EFT

    Giorgio Arcadi🇮🇹 · David Cabo-Almeida🇮🇹 · Sven Fabian🇩🇪 · Florian Goertz🇩🇪

    In this work we illustrate a general framework to describe the LHC phenomenology of extended scalar (and fermion) sectors, with focus on dark matter (DM) physics, based on an effective field theory (EFT) with non-linearly realized electroweak symmetry. Generalizing Higgs EFT (HEFT), the setup allows to include a generic set of new scalar resonances, without the need to specify their UV origin, that could for example be at the interface of the Standard Model (SM) and the DM world. In particular, we study the case of fermionic DM interacting with the SM via two mediators, each of which can possess either CP property and originate from various electroweak representations in the UV theory. Besides trilinear interactions between the mediators and DM or SM pairs (including pairs of gauge field-strength tensors), the EFT contains all further gauge-invariant operators up to mass dimension $D=5$. While remaining theoretically consistent, this setup offers enough flexibility to capture the phenomenology of many benchmark models used to interpret the results of experimental DM and BSM searches, such as two-Higgs doublet extensions of the SM or singlet extensions. Furthermore, the presence of two mediators with potentially sizable couplings allows to account for a broad variety of interesting collider signatures, as for example detectable mono-$h$ and mono-$Z$ signals. Correlations can be employed to diagnose the nature of the new particles.

    hep-phJHEP(2025)·3 citations
11. 11*

    Exploring entanglement and spectral split correlations in three-flavor collective neutrino oscillations

    Pooja Siwach🇺🇸 · A. Baha Balantekin🇺🇸 · Amol V. Patwardhan🇺🇸 · Anna M. Suliga🇺🇸

    In environments with prodigious numbers of neutrinos, such as core-collapse supernovae, neutron star mergers, or the early universe, neutrino-neutrino interactions are dynamically significant. They can dominate neutrino flavor evolution and force it to be nonlinear, causing collective neutrino oscillations. Such collective oscillations have been studied numerically, for systems with up to millions of neutrinos, using mean-field or one-particle effective approximations. However, such a system of interacting neutrinos is a quantum many-body system, wherein quantum correlations could play a significant in the flavor evolution-thereby motivating the exploration of many-body treatments which follow the time evolution of these correlations. In many-body flavor evolution calculations with two neutrino flavors, the emergence of spectral splits in the neutrino energy distributions has been found to be correlated with the degree of quantum entanglement across the spectrum. In this work, for the first time, we investigate the emergence of spectral-splits in the three-flavor many-body collective neutrino oscillations. We find that the emergence of spectral splits resembles the number and location found in the mean-field approximation but not in the width. Moreover, unlike in the two-flavor many-body calculations, we find that additional degrees of freedom make it more difficult to establish a correlation between the location of the spectral splits and the degree of quantum entanglement across the neutrino energy spectrum.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phnucl-thquant-phPRD(2025)·13 citations
12. 12*

    Intersection theory, relative cohomology and the Feynman parametrization

    Mingming Lu🇨🇳 · Ziwen Wang🇨🇳 · Li Lin Yang🇨🇳

    We present a novel approach for loop integral reduction in the Feynman parametrization using intersection theory and relative cohomology. In this framework, Feynman integrals correspond to boundary-supported differential forms in the language of relative cohomology. The integral reduction can then be achieved by computing intersection numbers. We apply our method in several examples to demonstrate its correctness, and discuss the subtleties in certain degenerate limits.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2025)·13 citations
13. 13*

    Anatomy of finite-volume effect on hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to muon g-2

    Sakura Itatani🇯🇵 · Hidenori Fukaya🇯🇵 · Shoji Hashimoto🇯🇵

    Low-energy spectrum relevant to the lattice calculation of hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to muon anomalous magnetic moment a_\mu is dominantly given by two-pion states satisfying Lüscher's finite-volume quantization condition. Finite-volume effects from those states may exhibit power-law dependence on the volume, contrary to an exponential suppression as suggested by chiral effective theory. Employing the finite-volume state decomposition of Euclidean correlators, we systematically investigate the volume dependence and identify the different volume scalings depending on the region. Using phenomenological inputs for \pi \pi phase shift and time-like pion form factor, we obtain an estimate for the finite-volume effects on a_\mu, which is consistent with previous works. Numerical results are given for the ``window'' observables of a_\mu.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPRD(2025)·4 citations
14. 14*

    Selection rules of topological solitons from non-invertible symmetries in axion electrodynamics

    Yoshimasa Hidaka🇯🇵 · Muneto Nitta🇯🇵 · Ryo Yokokura🇯🇵

    We investigate a relation between non-invertible symmetries and selection rules of topological solitons such as axionic domain walls and magnetic strings in the $(3+1)$-dimensional axion electrodynamics with a massive axion or a massive photon. In the low-energy limit of the phases where either the axion or the photon is massive, we identify non-invertible 0- or 1-form symmetry generators as axionic domain walls or magnetic strings, respectively. By non-invertible transformations on magnetic monopoles or axionic strings, we give constraints on possible configurations of topological solitons in the presence of the monopoles or axionic strings. Our results are consistent with a solution to the axionic domain wall problem by the magnetic monopole. Further, we give a new constraint on a linked configuration of the magnetic and axionic strings.

    ↳ hep-thcond-mat.supr-conhep-phJHEP(2025)·13 citations
15. 15*

    Stückelberg path to pure de Sitter supergravity

    Sukŗti Bansal🇦🇹 · Silvia Nagy🇬🇧 · Antonio Padilla🇬🇧 · Ivonne Zavala🇬🇧

    We advance the study of pure de Sitter supergravity by introducing a finite formulation of unimodular supergravity via the super-Stückelberg mechanism. Building on previous works, we construct a complete four-dimensional action of spontaneously broken $\mathcal{N}=1$ supergravity to all orders, which allows for de Sitter solutions. The introduction of finite supergravity transformations extends the super-Stückelberg procedure beyond the second order, offering a recursive solution to all orders in the goldstino sector. This work bridges the earlier perturbative approaches and the complete finite theory, opening new possibilities for de Sitter vacua in supergravity models and eventually string theory.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phPRD(2025)·4 citations
16. 16*

    Boundary topological orders of (4+1)d fermionic ${\mathbb{Z}}_{2N}^{\mathrm{F}}$ SPT states

    Meng Cheng🇺🇸 · Juven Wang🇬🇧 · Xinping Yang🇺🇸

    We investigate (3+1)d topological orders in fermionic systems with an anomalous ${\mathbb{Z}}_{2N}^{\mathrm{F}}$ symmetry, where its ${\mathbb{Z}}_2^{\mathrm{F}}$ subgroup is the fermion parity. Such an anomalous symmetry arises as the discrete subgroup of the chiral U(1) symmetry of $\nu$ copies of Weyl fermions of the same chirality. Inspired by the crystalline correspondence principle, we deform the anomalous ${\mathbb{Z}}_{2N}^{\mathrm{F}}$ symmetry of (3+1)d Weyl fermion to the anomalous $C_N\times {\mathbb{Z}}_2^{\mathrm{F}}$ symmetry. Then we microscopically construct symmetry-preserving gapped boundary states of the closely-related (4+1)d $C_N\times {\mathbb{Z}}_2^{\mathrm{F}}$ symmetry-protected topological (SPT) state (with $C_N$ being the $N$-fold rotation), whenever it is possible. In particular, for $\nu =N$, we show that the (3+1)d symmetric gapped state admits a topological ${\mathbb{Z}}_4$ gauge theory description at low energy, and propose that a similar theory saturates the corresponding ${\mathbb{Z}}_{2N}^{\mathrm{F}}$ anomaly. For $N\nmid \nu$, our construction admits no topological quantum field theory (TQFT) symmetric gapped state; while for $\nu =N/2$, we find a non-TQFT symmetric gapped state via stacking lower-dimensional (2+1)d non-discrete-gauge-theory topological order inhomogeneously. For other values of $\nu$, no symmetric gapped state is possible within our construction, which is consistent with the no-go theorem by Cordova-Ohmori.

    ↳ cond-mat.str-elhep-phhep-thPRB(2026)·13 citations
17. 17*

    Inference on inner galaxy structure via gravitational waves from supermassive binaries

    Yifan Chen🇩🇰 · Matthias Daniel🇩🇪 · Daniel J. D'Orazio🇩🇰 · Xuanye Fan🇺🇸 · Andrea Mitridate🇩🇪 · Laura Sagunski🇩🇪 · Xiao Xue🇪🇸 · Gabriella Agazie🇺🇸 · Akash Anumarlapudi🇺🇸 · Anne M. Archibald🇬🇧 · Zaven Arzoumanian🇺🇸 · Jeremy G. Baier🇺🇸 and 98 other authors

    The detection of a stochastic gravitational wave background by pulsar-timing arrays indicates the presence of a population of supermassive black hole binaries. Although the observed spectrum generally matches predictions for orbital evolution driven by gravitational-wave emission in circular orbits, there is a preference for a spectral turnover at the lowest observed frequencies, which may point to substantial hardening during a transition from early environmental influences to later stages dominated by emission. In the vicinity of these binaries, the ejection of stars or dark matter particles through gravitational three-body slingshots efficiently extracts orbital energy, leading to a low-frequency turnover in the spectrum. Here we model how the gravitational-wave spectrum depends on the initial inner galactic profile before scouring by binary ejections while accounting for a range of initial binary eccentricities. By analysing the NANOGrav 15-year data, we find that a parsec-scale galactic-centre density of around $10^6{M}_{\odot }{\mathrm{pc}}^{-3}$ is favoured across most of the parameter space, thus shedding light on the environmental effects that shape black hole evolution and the combined matter density near galaxy centres.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.COastro-ph.GAgr-qc+1Nature Astron.(2026)·26 citations
18. 18*

    String Breaking in the Heavy Quark Limit with Scalable Circuits

    Anthony N. Ciavarella🇺🇸

    Quantum simulations of non-Abelian gauge theories require efficient mappings onto quantum computers and practical state preparation and measurement procedures. A truncation of the Hilbert space of non-Abelian lattice gauge theories with matter in the heavy quark limit is developed. This truncation is applied to $SU(2)$ lattice gauge theory in $1+1D$ to map the theory efficiently onto a quantum computer. Scalable variational circuits are found to prepare the vacuum and single meson states. It is also shown how these state preparation circuits can be used to perform measurements of the number of mesons produced during the system's time evolution. A state with a single $q\overline{q}$ pair is prepared on quantum hardware and the inelastic production of $q\overline{q}$ pairs is observed using $104$ qubits on IBM's Heron quantum computer ibm_torino.

    ↳ quant-phhep-lathep-phPRD(2025)·51 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.