Wed·Oct 23, 2024Wednesday·October 23, 2024

1. 01*

   The "$B\to K\pi$ puzzle": A New Perspective

   Adam Szabelski🇵🇱

   A phenomenological analysis based on the published branching fractions and $CP$ asymmetry observables of the $B\to K\pi$, $B\to \pi \pi$ and $B\to KK$ dataset is performed. The amplitude decomposition by the topological diagrams and the $SU(3)$ irreducible representation is used. The result of the global fit can be interpreted as a solution to the ``$B\to K\pi$ puzzle''. The obtained precision enables to test a $SU(3)$-based sum rule showing $6\sigma$ discrepancy with the expectation value in the Standard Model scenario. To improve the obtained results the main effort should concentrate on the $B^0\to K^0{\pi }^0$ measurements.

   hep-phEPJC(2024)·3 citations
2. 02*

   Successful cogenesis of baryon and dark matter from memory-burdened PBH

   Debasish Borah🇮🇳 · Nayan Das🇮🇳

   We study the possibility of producing the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe (BAU) and dark matter (DM) from evaporating primordial black holes (PBH) beyond the semi-classical regime incorporating the impact of memory burden. In the simplest scenario of baryogenesis via vanilla leptogenesis with hierarchical right handed neutrino (RHN), it is possible to generate the observed BAU with memory-burdened PBH being sole contributor to the production of RHN. While it is not possible to achieve cogenesis in this minimal setup due to structure formation constraints on relic allowed DM parameter space, we show the viability of successful cogenesis in the resonant leptogenesis regime. We also show that successful cogenesis can be achieved in a simple baryogenesis model without taking the leptogenesis route. Due to the possibility of generating asymmetry even below the sphaleron decoupling era, the direct baryogenesis route opens up new parameter space of memory-burdened PBH. The two scenarios of successful cogenesis can also be distinguished by observations of stochastic gravitational waves produced from PBH density fluctuations.

   hep-phastro-ph.COJCAP(2025)·28 citations
3. 03*

   Revisiting experimental mass limits on HECOs using Dyson-Schwinger resummation

   Jean Alexandre🇬🇧 · Nick E. Mavromatos🇬🇷 · Vasiliki A. Mitsou🇪🇸 · Emanuela Musumeci🇪🇸

   High-Electric-Charge compact Objects (HECOs) appear in several theoretical particle physics models beyond the Standard Model, and are actively searched for in current colliders, such as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In such searches, mass bounds of these objects have been placed, using Drell-Yan and Photon-Fusion processes at tree level so far. However, such estimates are not reliable, given that, as a result of the large values of the electric charge of the HECO, perturbative QED calculations break down. We present a Dyson-Schwinger-like resummation scheme, which allows for a large gauge coupling and thus makes the computation of the pertinent HECO-production cross sections reliable, thus allowing us to extract improved mass bounds for such objects from ATLAS and MoEDAL searches.

   hep-phhep-exhep-thPoS(2025)·4 citations
4. 04*

   Meson spin alignment and baryon polarization from coalescence with spin-vorticity non-equilibrium

   Kayman J. Gonçalves🇧🇷 · Giorgio Torrieri🇧🇷 · Radoslaw Ryblewski🇵🇱

   We estimate both the polarization of spin $1/2$ baryons and the spin density matrix coefficients of spin $1$ mesons using a thermal model that incorporates vorticity and polarization to describe quarks, along with a coalescence formalism where spin and vorticity are not in equilibrium. We find that while our model is not predictive due to its considerable number of free parameters, it has the potential to explain several seemingly puzzling features of experimental spin measurements, such as the absence of baryon polarization alongside significant vector meson spin alignment. We suggest the measuring meson spin off-diagonal matrix elements, and examining the dependence of polarization observables on azimuthal angles, as methods to falsify this model and gain insights into the freezeout details of baryon and meson spin structure.

   hep-phnucl-thPRC(2025)·8 citations
5. 05*

   The self-attractive ultralight axion and its time scale of collapsing in general relativistic framework

   Takeshi Fukuyama🇯🇵

   The formation of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at high red shift $z$ by ultralight axion dark matter (DM) is discussed in the general relativistic framework. The critical condition of collapsing of self-attracting DM in non-relativistic treatment corresponds to dust particle, which allows to estimate the time scale of the SMBH formation and the its length scale in the general relativistic framework. It gives the support of ultralight axion model based on the string model as the origins of the early universe SMBH and the Little Red Dots (LRDs) etc. observed by JWST.

   hep-phJCAP(2025)·1 citation
6. 06*

   Double $\varphi$ Production in $\bar{p}p$ Reactions Near Threshold

   Dayoung Lee🇰🇷 · Jung Keun Ann🇰🇷 · Seung-il Nam🇰🇷

   We employ an effective Lagrangian approach to investigate double $\varphi$ production in the $\bar{p}p$ reaction near the threshold and describe a notable violation of the Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka (OZI) rule in this reaction process through hadronic degrees of freedom, using the currently available theoretical and experimental information. The ground-state nucleon and its $s$-wave resonances, i.e., $N^{\ast }(1535,1650,1895)$, are taken into account in the $t$- and $u$-channel tree-level diagrams. The pentaquark-like nucleon resonance $P_s(2071,3/2^{-})$ is also considered. In the $s$-channel diagrams, scalar and tensor mesons are incorporated, specifically $f_0(2020,2100,2200)$ and $f_2(1950,2010,2150)$, respectively, along with the pseudoscalar meson $\eta (2225)$. Our calculations suggest that contributions from the $N$ and $N^{\ast }$ resonances significantly enhance the cross-section near the threshold. At the same time, those from the $f_0$ and $f_2$ mesons produce distinctive peak structures around $W=2.2$ GeV, qualitatively reproducing the JETSET experimental data. The openings of the $\bar{\Lambda }\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Sigma }\Sigma$ channels lead to the cusp structures, which can explain the nontrivial structures in the cross-section at $W\approx 2M_{\Lambda }$ and $2M_{\Sigma }$ observed in the data. It turns out that contributions from the $\eta$ and $P_s$ resonances are almost negligible. Additionally, polarization observables such as the spin density matrix element (SDME) provide crucial insights into the individual hadronic processes involved in this reaction.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPLB(2025)·1 citation
7. 07*

   Accelerated Quantum Circuit Monte-Carlo Simulation for Heavy Quark Thermalization

   Wenyang Qian🇪🇸

   Heavy quark thermalization in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is one of the most promising phenomena for understanding the strong interaction, where their energy loss and momentum broadening at low momentum can be well described by a stochastic process with drag and diffusion terms. We propose an accelerated quantum circuit Monte-Carlo (aQCMC) framework that ultilizes the quantum amplitude estimation (QAE) algorithm to simulate heavy quark thermalization with quadratically less resources. Specifically, we simulate the thermalization of a heavy quark in both 1D and 2D and in isotropic and anisotropic mediums using an ideal quantum simulator and compare that to analytical thermal expectations.

   hep-phnucl-thquant-phPoS(2025)·0 citations
8. 08*

   Coupled-channel analysis of the near-threshold $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to N\bar{N}$ cross sections

   Zhao-Sai Jia🇨🇳 · Zhen-Hua Zhang🇨🇳 · Feng-Kun Guo🇨🇳 · Gang Li🇨🇳

   The possible existence of nucleon-antinucleon bound states has been studied for decades. We investigate the $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to p\bar{p}$ and $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to n\bar{n}$ cross sections in the nonrelativistic effective field theory framework. The proton-antiproton and neutron-antineutron coupled-channel final state interactions are considered and found responsible for near-threshold enhancements. Both the proton-neutron mass difference and the Coulomb interaction between $p$ and $\bar{p}$ are considered, and the $N\bar{N}$ strong interactions are taken into account through a short-distance optical potential. By fitting the low energy constants in the amplitudes to the data for the near-threshold $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to N\bar{N}$ cross sections from the BESIII and SND Collaborations, a $N\bar{N}$ quasi-bound state is found just above the $p\bar{p}$ threshold, and another $N\bar{N}$ pole is found on the unphysical Riemann sheet, farther away from the threshold. The constructed coupled-channel amplitude with Coulomb effects also offers a framework that can be used directly in experimental analyses on fine structures near the $N\bar{N}$ thresholds.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2025)·7 citations
9. 09*

   Mass spectra of doubly charmed tetraquarks $T_{cc}$

   You-You Lin🇨🇳 · Ji-Ying Wang🇨🇳 · Ailin Zhang🇨🇳

   Motivated by the first observation of a doubly charmed tetraquark candidate $T_{cc}(3875{)}^{+}$, we perform a systematic calculation of the mass spectra of doubly charmed tetraquark states from $1S$ to $2P$ excitations in a nonrelativistic constituent quark potential model. In terms of the quark-quark potential, the mass of the charmed spin-$1$ diquark is predicted $\sim 3500$ MeV. The masses of the light ``good'' and ``bad'' antidiquark are calculated with $\sim 670$ MeV and $\sim 840$ MeV, respectively. The mass difference between light ``good'' and ``bad'' diquarks is $\sim 170$ MeV, which is consistent with previous phenomenological analyses. The interaction between the charmed diquark and the light antidiquark is then modulated by the quark-antiquark potential in the model, and the mass spectra of doubly charmed tetraquarks from $1S$ to $2P$ excitations are calculated with the calculated masses of diquarks/antidiquarks and refitted parameters from $T_{cc}(3875{)}^{+}$ and $X(3872)$. The $1S-1P$ and $1S-2S$ mass splittings of doubly charmed tetraquarks are about $410-430$ MeV and $610-650$ MeV, respectively, and this mass splittings pattern is similar to that for ordinary $D$ mesons. The mass splittings of doubly charmed tetraquarks with isospin-$0$ is about $10-25$ MeV higher than the corresponding mass splittings of doubly charmed tetraquarks with isospin-$1$ from $1S$ to $2P$ excitations. $T_{cc}(3875{)}^{+}$ is possible to be assumed as a $I{J}^P=01^{+}$ ground doubly charmed tetraquark candidate with a light ``good'' antidiquark, and the next $P$-wave excited doubly charmed tetraquarks are predicted to have masses with an average $420-430$ MeV higher. A $J^P=0^{+}$ ground doubly charmed tetraquark $T_{cc}(3834)$ with isospin-$1$ located around $3834$ MeV is expected.

   hep-phPRD(2025)·10 citations
10. 10*

    Comparison of the Migdal transition probabilities in electron-atom inelastic cross sections

    Wakutaka Nakano🇯🇵

    The Migdal transition probabilities for dark matter scattering are compared to the total single-electron inelastic cross sections of electron-atom scattering for isolated Ar and Xe. The comparison is done by expressing the electron-atom scattering cross section by connecting the Migdal probability. The resultant differences are around $30\%$ for Ar and $80\%$ for Xe in $\sim$ 1 keV of incoming electron energy. The transition is dominated from the $3p$ shell electrons for Ar. For Xe, $5p$ states dominate the contribution, but, $4d$ states give $\sim 40\%$ contribution at 1 keV.

    hep-phhep-exphysics.atom-phJHEP(2025)·4 citations
11. 11*

    Testing Bell inequalities and probing quantum entanglement at CEPC

    Youpeng Wu · Ruobing Jiang · Alim Ruzi · Yong Ban · Qiang Li

    We study quantum entanglement and test violation of Bell-type inequality at the Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC), which is one of the most attractive future colliders. It's a promising particle collider designed to search new physics, make Standard Model (SM) precision measurements, and serving as a Higgs factory. Our study is based on a fast simulation of the $Z$ boson pair production from Higgs boson decay at $\sqrt{s}=250$ GeV. The detector effects are also included in the simulation. The spin density matrix of the joint $ZZ$ system is parametrized using irreducible tensor operators and reconstructed from the spherical coordinates of the decay leptons. To test Bell inequalities, we construct observable quantities for the $H\to ZZ\ast$ process in CEPC by using the (Collins-Gisin-Linden-Massar-Popescu) CGLMP inequality, whose value is determined from the density matrix of the Z boson pairs. The sensitivity of the Bell inequality violation is observed with more than 1$\sigma$ and the presence of the quantum entanglement is probed with more than 2$\sigma$ confidence level.

    hep-phhep-thquant-phPRD(2025)·33 citations
12. 12*

    Resolved photoproduction in {\tt MadGraph5\_aMC@NLO}

    Laboni Manna🇵🇱 · Anton Safronov🇵🇱 · Carlo Flore🇮🇹 · Daniel Kikola🇵🇱 · Jean-Philippe Lansberg🇫🇷 · Olivier Mattelaer🇧🇪

    The upcoming Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), with its high luminosity, will offer an unprecedented opportunity to explore the internal structure of atomic nucleus over an extended energy range from $\sqrt{s_{ep}}=$ 45 GeV to $\sqrt{s_{ep}}=$ 140 GeV. A particularly promising aspect of this collider is the study of the partonic structure with quasi-real photons which can also be studied in inclusive ultra-peripheral collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In this work, we present our validation of resolved photoproduction at fixed order for (next-to-)leading order using \texttt{MadGraph5\_aMC@NLO}, a widely adopted framework at the LHC.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-thPoS(2025)·2 citations
13. 13*

    Thermal evolution of dark matter and gravitational-wave production in the early universe from a symplectic glueball model

    Mattia Bruno🇮🇹 · Niccolò Forzano🇬🇧 · Marco Panero🇮🇹 · Antonio Smecca🇬🇧

    The hypothesis that dark matter could be a bound state of a strongly coupled non-Abelian gauge theory is theoretically appealing and has a variety of interesting phenomenological implications. In particular, an interpretation of dark matter as the lightest glueball state in the spectrum of a dark Yang-Mills theory, possibly coupled to the visible sector only through gravitational interactions, has been discussed quite extensively in the literature, but most of previous work has been focused on dark SU(N) gauge theories. In this article, we consider an alternative model, based on a symplectic gauge group, which has a first-order confinement/deconfinement phase transition at a finite critical temperature. We first determine the equation of state of this theory, focusing on temperatures close to the transition, and evaluating the associated latent heat. Then we discuss the evolution of this dark-matter model in the early universe, commenting on the mechanisms by which it could indirectly interact with the visible sector, on the spectrum of gravitational waves it could produce, and on the relic abundances it would lead to. Our discussion includes an extensive review of relevant literature, a number of comments on similarities and differences between our model and dark SU(N) gauge theories, as well as some possible future extensions of the present study.

    hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qchep-latJCAP(2026)·14 citations
14. 14*

    Listening For New Physics With Quantum Acoustics

    Ryan Linehan🇺🇸 · Tanner Trickle🇺🇸 · Christopher R. Conner🇺🇸 · Sohitri Ghosh🇺🇸 · Tongyan Lin🇺🇸 · Mukul Sholapurkar🇺🇸 · Andrew N. Cleland🇺🇸

    We present a novel application of a qubit-coupled phonon detector to search for new physics, e.g., ultralight dark matter (DM) and high-frequency gravitational waves. The detector, motivated by recent advances in quantum acoustics, is composed of superconducting transmon qubits coupled to high-overtone bulk acoustic resonators ($h$BARs) and operates in the GHz - 10 GHz frequency range. New physics can excite $O(10\mu \text{eV})$ phonons within the $h$BAR, which are then converted to qubit excitations via a transducer. We detail the design, operation, backgrounds, and expected sensitivity of a prototype detector, as well as a next-generation detector optimized for new physics signals. We find that a future detector can complement current haloscope experiments in the search for both dark photon DM and high-frequency gravitational waves. Lastly we comment on such a detector's ability to operate as a $10\mu \text{eV}$ threshold athermal phonon sensor for sub-GeV DM detection.

    hep-phhep-exphysics.ins-detPRD(2025)·10 citations
15. 15*

    Electron EDM and $\Gamma (\mu \to e\gamma )$ in the 2HDM

    Wolfgang Altmannshofer🇺🇸 · Benoît Assi🇺🇸 · Joachim Brod🇺🇸 · Nick Hamer🇺🇸 · J. Julio🇮🇩 · Patipan Uttayarat🇹🇭 · Daniil Volkov🇺🇸

    We present the first complete two-loop calculation of the electric dipole moment of the electron, as well as the rates of the lepton-flavor violating decays $\mu \to e+\gamma$ and $\tau \to e/\mu +\gamma$, in the unconstrained two-Higgs doublet model. We include the most general Yukawa interactions of the Higgs doublets with the Standard Model fermions up to quadratic order, and allow for generic phases in the Higgs potential. A python implementation of our results is provided via a public git repository.

    hep-phJHEP(2025)·20 citations
16. 16*

    Scalar one-loop tensor power spectrum during single-field inflation

    Jiwon Kong🇰🇷 · Jieun Jeon🇰🇷 · Jinn-Ouk Gong🇰🇷

    We calculate the scalar-induced one-loop correction to the power spectrum of tensor perturbations produced during single-field slow-roll inflation. We find that the correction is given by the square of the product of the slow-roll parameter and the tree-level scalar power spectrum. We also discuss the implications of the logarithmic contribution.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thJCAP(2025)·8 citations
17. 17*

    Interactions of omega mesons in nuclear matter and with nuclei

    Horst Lenske🇩🇪

    In-medium interactions of omega-mesons in infinite nuclear matter and finite nuclei are investigated in a microscopic approach with nucleon-nucleon and nucleon-resonance particle-hole polarization modes. The nuclear polarization tensor formalism is used. Covariant mean-field self-energies are taken into account. Longitudinal and transversal self-energies are derived. The theoretical results are applied to finite nuclei in local density approximation. Applications to recent data on the in-medium width of omega mesons in 93-Nb are presented. The data are well described by self-energies containing S-wave and P-wave resonances. Low-energy parameters are determined. For the first time a spectrum of omega-nucleus bound states is obtained, albeit with reduced lifetimes.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPoS(2025)·1 citation
18. 18*

    A high-precision continuum limit study of the HVP short-distance window

    Sebastian Spiegel🇩🇪 · Christoph Lehner🇩🇪

    The separation of the hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP) contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment into Euclidean windows allows for a tailored approach to address the different dominant challenges at short, intermediate, and long distances. We present a novel approach to compute the short-distance window without the need for using perturbative QCD. We combine a quenched continuum extrapolation using 18 lattice spacings ($1.6\text{GeV}\lesssim a^{-1}\lesssim 6.1\text{GeV}$) with a separate continuum extrapolation of the sea-quark effects. This method allows for the computationally expensive sea-quark effects to be estimated using only a smaller number of ensembles at coarser lattice spacings, while largely confining the logarithmic dependency of the continuum extrapolation to the quenched component.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPRD(2025)·48 citations
19. 19*

    The XLZD Design Book: Towards the Next-Generation Liquid Xenon Observatory for Dark Matter and Neutrino Physics

    XLZD Collaboration: J. Aalbers · K. Abe · M. Adrover · S. Ahmed Maouloud · D. S. Akerib · A. K. Al Musalhi · F. Alder · L. Althueser · D. W. P. Amaral · C. S. Amarasinghe · A. Ames · B. Andrieu and 431 other authors

    This report describes the experimental strategy and technologies for XLZD, the next-generation xenon observatory sensitive to dark matter and neutrino physics. In the baseline design, the detector will have an active liquid xenon target of 60 tonnes, which could be increased to 80 tonnes if the market conditions for xenon are favorable. It is based on the mature liquid xenon time projection chamber technology used in current-generation experiments, LZ and XENONnT. The report discusses the baseline design and opportunities for further optimization of the individual detector components. The experiment envisaged here has the capability to explore parameter space for Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) dark matter down to the neutrino fog, with a 3$\sigma$ evidence potential for WIMP-nucleon cross sections as low as $3\times 10^{-49}\mathrm{c}{\mathrm{m}}^2$ (at 40 GeV/c${}^2$ WIMP mass). The observatory will also have leading sensitivity to a wide range of alternative dark matter models. It is projected to have a 3$\sigma$ observation potential of neutrinoless double beta decay of ${}^{136}$Xe at a half-life of up to $5.7\times 10^{27}$ years. Additionally, it is sensitive to astrophysical neutrinos from the sun and galactic supernovae.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phphysics.ins-detEPJC(2025)·115 citations
20. 20*

    Quintessence: an analytical study, with theoretical and observational applications

    David Andriot🇫🇷

    We focus on minimally coupled (multi)field quintessence models, of thawing type, and their realistic solutions. In a model-independent manner, we describe analytically these cosmological solutions throughout the universe history. Starting with a kination - radiation domination phase, we obtain an upper bound on the scalar potential to guarantee an early kination: $V(\phi )\ll e^{-\sqrt{6}\phi }$. Turning to the radiation - matter phase, we obtain analytic expressions for the scale factor $a(t)$ (not $t(a)$) and the scalar fields ${\phi }^i(t)$ (usually neglected). These allow us to evaluate analytically the freezing of scalar fields, typically $\Delta \phi \lesssim 10^{-2}$, as well as the transition moment of the dark energy equation of state parameter $w_{\phi }$ from $+1$ to $-1$, with excellent agreement to the numerics. We comment on this freezing in view of string theory model building, and of some cosmological events. Turning to the latest phase of matter - dark energy domination, we show that the (multi)field displacement is sub-Planckian: $\Delta \phi \le 1$. We also provide for that phase analytic expressions for $\int (w_{\phi }+1)dN$ in terms of matter evolution; we relate those to observational targets that we propose. Using finally the CPL parametrisation, while discussing a phantom behaviour, we derive analytic bounds on $w_0$ and $w_a$.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phFortsch.Phys.(2025)·28 citations
21. 21*

    Impact of relativistic waveforms in LISA's science objectives with extreme-mass-ratio inspirals

    Hassan Khalvati🇨🇦 · Alessandro Santini🇩🇪 · Francisco Duque🇩🇪 · Lorenzo Speri🇫🇷 · Jonathan Gair🇩🇪 · Huan Yang🇨🇦 · Richard Brito🇵🇹

    Extreme-Mass-Ratio Inspirals (EMRIs) are one of the key targets for future space-based gravitational wave detectors, such as LISA. The scientific potential of these sources can only be fully realized with fast and accurate waveform models. In this work, we extend the \textsc{FastEMRIWaveform} (\texttt{FEW}) framework by providing fully relativistic waveforms at adiabatic order for circular, equatorial orbits in Kerr spacetime, for mass ratios up to $10^{-3}$. We investigate the significance of including relativistic corrections in the waveform for both vacuum and non-vacuum environments. Specifically, we develop relativistic non-vacuum EMRI waveforms including two different environmental effects in the EMRI waveforms: power-law migration torques, and superradiance scalar clouds. For EMRIs in vacuum, we find that non-relativistic waveforms incorrectly estimate the predicted source's horizon redshift by approximately $35\%$ error. Our analysis shows that incorporating relativistic corrections enhances constraints on accretion disks, modeled through power-law torques, and improves the constraints on disk parameter estimates (error $\simeq 8\%$), representing a significant improvement over previous estimates. Additionally, we assess the evidence for models in a scenario where ignoring the accretion disk biases the parameter estimation (PE), reporting a ${\log }_{10}$ Bayes factor of $1.1$ in favor of the accretion disk model. In a fully relativistic setup, we also estimate the parameters of superradiant scalar clouds with relative errors $\simeq 0.3\%$ for the scalar cloud's mass. These results demonstrate that incorporating relativistic effects is essential for LISA science objectives with EMRIs.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.GAastro-ph.HEastro-ph.IM+1PRD(2025)·44 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.