Wed·Aug 21, 2024Wednesday·August 21, 2024

1. 01*

   Search for fast-oscillating fundamental constants with space missions

   Dmitry Budker🇩🇪 · Joshua Eby🇸🇪 · Marianna S. Safronova🇺🇸 · Oleg Tretiak🇩🇪

   While it is possible to estimate the dark matter density at the Sun distance from the galactic center, this does not give information on actual dark matter density in the Solar system. There can be considerable local enhancement of dark matter density in the vicinity of gravitating centers, including the Sun, the Earth, as well as other planets in the solar system. Generic mechanisms for the formation of such halos were recently elucidated. In this work, we studies the possible halo dark matter overdensities and corresponding dark matter masses allowed for various objects in the solar system. We explore spacecraft missions to detect such halos with instruments such as quantum clocks, atomic and molecular spectrometers designed to search for fast (tens of hertz to gigahertz) oscillations of fundamental constants, highly sensitive comagnetometers, and other quantum sensors and sensor networks.

   hep-phhep-thphysics.atom-phphysics.optics+1EPJ Quant.Technol.(2025)·5 citations
2. 02*

   Flavor invariants for the SM with one singlet vector-like quark

   E. L. F. de Lima🇧🇷 · C. C. Nishi🇧🇷

   We study the flavor invariants of the SM augmented by one singlet vector-like quark. Aided by the Hilbert series, we construct all the basic invariants with which any flavor invariant can be written as a polynomial. In special, this theory contains one CP odd invariant of degree six which has degree much lower than the usual Jarlskog invariant of the SM. We find the nonlinear polynomial relations (syzygies) of lowest degrees involving these basic invariants, including the expression of the square of the CP odd invariant of lowest degree in terms of CP even invariants. The $SU(3)$ identity underlying this syzygy is uncovered in terms of invariant tensors, which can be applied to rewrite any square of a CP odd invariant of the same form, involving three hermitean matrices of size three. We demonstrate by an example that there is CP violation that is not detected by the CP odd invariants proposed in the literature so far but it can be detected with the full list of CP odd invariants found here.

   hep-phJHEP(2024)·3 citations
3. 03*

   Exact NNLO corrections vs K-factors in PDF fits

   Tanishq Sharma🇮🇹

   Parton distribution functions (PDFs) often include datasets corresponding to processes whereby the theoretical predictions at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in peturbative QCD have to be approximated, and this approximation may be performed using K-factors, which in turn depend on the PDF set used to compute them. In this study, we investigate the impact of K-factors produced with various PDF sets, namely CT18, MSHT20 and NNPDF4.0 on (differential) cross sections of top pair production at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Furthermore, we perform a new fit (otherwise analogous to NNPDF4.0 with MHOUs) where the exact NNLO corrections are used in the fitting procedure and compare the K-factors obtained from this fit with those obtained from the above mentioned PDF sets. We find good agreement amongst K-factors obtained from these different PDF sets.

   hep-phPoS(2025)·3 citations
4. 04*

   Probing Non-Thermal Gravitinos Through Large-Scale Structure Observations

   Weiyi Deng🇨🇳 · Liyuan Guo🇨🇳 · Chengcheng Han🇨🇳 · Zhanhong Lei🇨🇳

   We investigate the effects of non-thermally produced dark matter on large-scale structure formation, focusing on the gravitino dark matter. Our analysis shows that large-scale structure measurements from the SDSS LRG data offer a promising approach to probing non-thermally produced gravitinos. Specifically, if gravitinos resulting from neutralino decay constitute a fraction $F_{\text{dec}}=0.35(0.1)$ of the dark matter component, the data exclude bino-like neutralino with a mass $m_{{\chi }_1^0}\lesssim 25(11)\text{ GeV}$ at $95\%\text{ C.L.}$. Furthermore, this constraint appears to be largely independent of the gravitino mass.

   hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qcPRD(2025)·1 citation
5. 05*

   Analysis on Neutrino Masses and Leptogenesis in the CP-Violating Standard Model

   Chilong Lin🇰🇷

   This article extends the CP-violating Standard Model (CPVSM) from the quark sector to the lepton sector to investigate leptogenesis and neutrino masses. Using the identity ${\Delta }_{hm}+{\Delta }_{ml}={\Delta }_{hl}$, where ${\Delta }_{ij}=(m_i^2-m_j^2)$ denoting the mass-squared difference (MSD) between fermions $i$ and $j$, and $h$, $m$, and $l$ labeling the heaviest, middle, and lightest fermions of a given type, respectively, we predict the third neutrino MSD from two experimental inputs: ${\Delta }_a=2.51\times 10^{-3}$ eV${}^2$ and ${\Delta }_b=7.42\times 10^{-5}$ eV${}^2$. Of six possible assignments of these values to the three ${\Delta }_{hm},{\Delta }_{ml}$, and ${\Delta }_{hl}$, four consistent cases remain and are grouped into two classes. All four predict similar heaviest and lightest neutrino masses ($m_h=5.01\times 10^{-2}$ eV and $m_l=6.09098\times 10^{-3}$ eV), but differ in the middle mass: $m_m=4.97283\times 10^{-2}$ eV in Class 1, and $m_m=1.05499\times 10^{-2}$ eV in Class 2. In a complementary analysis, treating the mass ratio $g=m_h/m_m$ as a variable, we examine how $m_h$, $m_m$, $m_l$, and $g^{\prime }$ evolve with $g$. Of particular interest are the ranges of $g$ bounded by MSD-based values derived in Subsection III-A (blue points) and values derived from a previously predicted $m_l=8.61\times 10^{-3}$ eV (green points). Finally, using the leptonic Jarlskog measure of CPV ${\Delta }_{CP(l)}=J_{(l)}({\Delta }_{ij}{\Delta }_{jk}{\Delta }_{ki}{)}_{(\ell )}({\Delta }_{ij}{\Delta }_{jk}{\Delta }_{ki}{)}_{(\nu )}$, we find that leptogenesis is at least 71 orders of magnitude weaker than baryogenesis in the CPVSM. This striking discrepancy suggests that new physics beyond the Standard Model is required for leptogenesis to account for the observed BAU.

   hep-ph0 citations
6. 06*

   Neutrino Mass Origin and Flavored-QCD axion in an Extra-Dimension

   Y.H. Ahn🇨🇳

   We propose a unified flavor model with the Standard Model fields on two 3-branes within an extra-dimensional setup, incorporating ${\Gamma }_N\times U(1{)}_X$ symmetry with a modulus and scalar field responsible for symmetry breaking. When compactified to four dimensions, Yukawa couplings, initially expressed as modular forms with mass dimensions, are normalized to conform to canonical four-dimensional theory, with the Yukawa coefficients being complex numbers of unit absolute value. We show that this model naturally explains the mass and mixing hierarchies of quarks and leptons, solves the strong CP problem, provides a natural solution to the hierarchy problem, and can inherently satisfy no axionic domain-wall problem. The $U(1{)}_X$ mixed gravitational anomaly-free condition necessitates that electrically neutral mirror bulk fermions couple to the normal neutrino field on the 3-brane, consistent with the boundary condition. Consequently, we demonstrate a mechanism for generating light neutrino masses, similar to the Weinberg operator, by transmitting the information of $U(1{)}_X$ breakdown between the two 3-branes. The scale of $U(1{)}_X$ breaking is estimated from neutrino data to be around $10^{15}$ GeV, leading to a QCD axion mass of approximately $2.5\times 10^{-9}$ eV. Through numerical analysis, we demonstrate that the model yields results consistent with current experimental data on quarks and leptons, and it also provides predictions for neutrinos.

   hep-ph0 citations
7. 07*

   Productions of bottom and bottom-strange mesons in pion and kaon induced reactions

   Jing Liu🇨🇳 · Quan-Yun Guo🇨🇳 · Qi Wu🇨🇳 · Jun He🇨🇳 · Dian-Yong Chen🇨🇳

   In the present work, we propose to explore the productions of the bottom and bottom-strange mesons in the high-energy pion and kaon-induced reactions on a proton target. The cross sections are evaluated with an effective Lagrangian constructed by the heavy-quark limit and chiral symmetry. Our estimations show that at $P_{\pi }=80$ GeV, the cross sections for $B(5279)$, $B^{\ast }(5325)$, $B_0^{\ast }(5738)$, $B_1^{\prime }(5757)$, $B_1(5721)$ and $B_2^{\ast }(5747)$ production processes are estimated to be $3.19\sim 86.26$, $1.86\sim 51.29$, $0.87\sim 24.25$, $0.84\sim 23.14$, $162.35\sim 4477.66$, and $57.16\sim 1604.43$ nb, respectively, where uncertainties arise from the model parameter. In addition, the cross sections for the corresponding bottom-strange mesons production processes are very similar. Moreover, our estimations indicate that the ratios of these cross sections are almost independent on the model parameters. In particular, the cross-section ratios related to the states in the same doublets are of order one, which is consistent with the expectation of heavy-quark limit. The cross sections related to the states in the $T$ doublets are about two orders larger than those related to the states in the $S$ doublets.

   hep-phEPJC(2024)·1 citation
8. 08*

   The H-graph with unequal masses in quantum field theory

   Philipp Alexander Kreer🇩🇪 · Stefan Weinzierl🇩🇪

   We compute the family of Feynman integrals related to the H-graph with unequal masses in relativistic quantum field theory. We present an $\epsilon$-factorised differential equation for the 40 master integrals. The alphabet consists of 29 dlog-forms with algebraic arguments, involving six square roots. As these square roots are not simultaneously rationalizable, we express the master integrals in terms of iterated integrals. In addition, we express the H-graph with unit powers of the propagators up to weight four in terms of multiple polylogarithms in compact form.

   hep-phgr-qchep-thPRD(2024)·3 citations
9. 09*

   QCD corrections to the Golden decay channel of the Higgs boson

   Mandeep Kaur🇮🇳

   Precision studies within the Higgs sector of the Standard Model are crucial to deepen our understanding of the fundamental interactions and uncovering new physics phenomena beyond the Standard Model. To fully leverage the potential of future precision machines aiming to provide highly precise experimental measurements of the Higgs properties, it is crucial to minimize theoretical errors in the Higgs sector observables, such as production and decay rates. In this thesis, we focus on providing precise predictions for observables associated with the Golden decay channel of the Higgs boson. We improve theoretical predictions for the partial decay width of this channel, specifically $H\to Z^{(\ast )}{Z}^{(\ast )}\to e^{+}{e}^{-}{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$, by incorporating NNLO mixed QCD-electroweak corrections in perturbation theory. We also describe the full analytical evaluation of the two-loop master integrals appearing in the $\mathcal{O}(\alpha {\alpha }_s)$ corrections to the $HZZ$ vertex with both $Z$-bosons being off-shell, employing the method of differential equations retaining full mass dependence. The analytic results for all the master integrals are obtained in terms of Chen's iterated integrals with logarithmic kernels order-by-order in the dimensional regularization parameter $ϵ$, along with analytic boundary constants. This thesis also presents a phenomenological study of the $H\to e^{+}{e}^{-}{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ decay at $\mathcal{O}(\alpha {\alpha }_s)$ by implementing the entire calculation of the decay amplitude in the public code Hto4l to perform the phase space integration over final state leptons. We study the impact of these mixed QCD-electroweak corrections on the invariant mass distribution of the final-state leptons and angular variables, specifically the angle between the decay planes of the intermediate $Z$-bosons relative to leading-order predictions and NLO electroweak corrections.

   hep-phhep-ex0 citations
10. 10*

    Excluding Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter Based on Solar System Ephemeris

    Abraham Loeb (Harvard)🇺🇸

    Current cosmological constraints allow primordial black holes (PBHs) to constitute dark matter in the mass range of $10^{18}$-$10^{22}$g. We show that a major portion of this logarithmic window can be ruled-out based on the Solar System ephemeris, given that the external mass enclosed within 50 au from the Sun did not change by more than $\sim 5\times 10^{-14}$ solar masses per year in recent decades.

    hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qcRes.Notes AAS(2024)·13 citations
11. 11*

    Stability of the Standard Model Vacuum with Vector-Like Leptons: A Critical Examination

    Kivanc Y. Cingiloglu🇨🇦 · Mariana Frank🇨🇦

    The stability of the Standard Model (SM) Higgs vacuum is a long-standing issue in particle physics. The SM Higgs quartic coupling parameter is expected to become negative at high scales, potentially generating an unstable vacuum well before reaching the Planck scale. We investigate whether the introduction of vector-like leptons (VLLs) in six distinct gauge anomaly-independent representations can stabilize the SM vacuum without introducing additional scalar fields. By analyzing the mass spectrum and mixing angles of these VLLs with the SM leptons, we identify conditions under which the Higgs potential remains stable. We demonstrate that there exists a set of allowed but narrowed VLL spectra that can indeed stabilize the SM vacuum. We also study the effect of these VLLs on electroweak precision observables, particularly the oblique parameters S and T to ensure fit within global experimental constraints. Finally, we perform a comprehensive analysis of the parameter space allowed by electroweak precision data and the parameter space required for stability, highlighting cases that accommodate both. This study opens up new avenues for understanding the role of vector-like leptons in extending the validity of the Standard Model up to the Planck scale.

    hep-phPRD(2025)·12 citations
12. 12*

    Unveiling the jet angular broadening with photon-tagged jets in high-energy nuclear collisions

    Sa Wang🇨🇳 · Yao Li🇨🇳 · Jin-Wen Kang🇨🇳 · Ben-Wei Zhang🇨🇳

    The medium modification of jet substructure in hot and dense nuclear matter has garnered significant interest from the heavy-ion physics community in recent years. Measurements of inclusive jets show an angular narrowing in nucleus-nucleus collisions, while recent CMS results for photon-tagged jets ($\gamma$+jets) suggest evidence of broadening. In this study, we conduct a theoretical analysis of the angular structure of inclusive jets and $\gamma$+jets using a transport approach that accounts for jet energy loss and the medium response in the quark-gluon plasma. We examine the girth modification of $\gamma$+jets in $0-30\%$ PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV, achieving satisfactory agreement with recent CMS measurements. We explore the relationship between selection bias and jet kinematics by varying the threshold for $x_{j\gamma }=p_T^{\mathrm{jet}}/p_T^{\gamma }$. Notably, we quantitatively demonstrate that $\gamma$+jets significantly reduce selection bias and can effectively select jets that have been sufficiently quenched in PbPb collisions, which is crucial for capture the jet angular broadening. Additionally, we estimate the contributions of medium-induced gluon radiation and the medium response to the broadening of the jet angular substructure. Lastly, we analyze the modification patterns of jet $R_g$ and $\Delta R_{\mathrm{axis}}$ in PbPb collisions, which indicate slight broadening for $\gamma$+jets and noticeable narrowing for inclusive jets compared to pp collisions.

    hep-phnucl-thNucl.Sci.Tech.(2026)·6 citations
13. 13*

    The role of the intrinsic-$k_{\mathrm{T}}$ and soft gluon contributions in Drell-Yan production

    Natasa Raicevic🇲🇪

    A review of the most recent results on determination of parton internal transverse momentum in initial colliding hadron obtained within the Parton Branching Method is presented and its interplay with non-perturbative soft gluon contribution in Drell-Yan pairs production is discussed.

    hep-phPhys.Part.Nucl.Lett.(2025)·3 citations
14. 14*

    Lambda transverse polarization in NA61\SHINE at the CERN SPS: feasibility studies

    Yehor Bondar🇵🇱 · Wojciech Florkowski🇵🇱

    The spin polarization of $\Lambda$ hyperons produced in inclusive reactions with unpolarized protons on unpolarized targets has been studied for almost 40 years. The NA61\SHINE experiment at the CERN SPS has a great potential to study transverse polarization in p-p and p-A collisions. In this work, we discuss the impact of magnetic field and limited detector acceptance on the possible polarization measurement by this experiment. Our analysis shows that the magnetic field impact on the $\Lambda$ polarization due to precession is one order of magnitude smaller than the detector acceptance-based polarization bias, and the identification of an experimental signal similar to that observed before by other experiments is possible.

    hep-phnucl-exnucl-thActa Phys.Polon.B(2024)·1 citation
15. 15*

    How common are grand unified theories?

    Johannes Herms🇩🇪 · Maximilian Ruhdorfer🇺🇸

    The individual fermion generations of the Standard Model fit neatly into a representation of a simple Grand Unified Theory gauge algebra. If Grand Unification is not realized in nature, this would appear to be a coincidence. We attempt to quantify how frequently this coincidence occurs among theories with group structure and fermion content similar to the Standard Model. While many of the completely chiral, anomaly-free fermion representations of the Standard Model gauge algebra that are no larger than the single generation Standard Model are unifiable, we find that unifiability quickly becomes rare when the analysis is extended to include other gauge algebras or larger representations. This purely group-theoretical analysis may be taken as a bottom-up indication for Grand Unification, conceptually similar to a naturalness argument.

    hep-phhep-thPRD(2025)·3 citations
16. 16*

    Inching toward the QCD Axions with Axion Magnetic Resonance in Helioscopes

    Hyeonseok Seong🇩🇪 · Chen Sun🇺🇸 · Seokhoon Yun🇰🇷

    Utilizing a helical magnet profile to enhance axion-photon conversion showed great promise in laboratory searches for high axion masses. We extend the mechanism, known as the axion-magnetic resonance (AMR), from laser experiments to axion helioscopes and demonstrate its potential in covering QCD axion parameter space. Specifically, we apply AMR to the CAST experiment legacy, make projections for the upcoming IAXO experiment, and assess its implications for both axion-like particles and QCD axions. We observe considerable improvement in the experiment's sensitivity reach in all cases.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2025)·0 citations
17. 17*

    Gravitational effects on fluid dynamics in cosmological first-order phase transitions

    Ryusuke Jinno🇯🇵 · Jun'ya Kume🇯🇵

    Cosmological first-order phase transition (FOPT) sources the stochastic gravitational wave background (SWGB) through bubble collisions, sound waves, and turbulence. So far, most studies on the fluid profile of an expanding bubble are limited to transitions that complete in a much shorter time scale than the cosmic expansion. In this study, we investigate gravitational effects on the fluid profile beyond the self-similar regime. For this purpose we combine a hydrodynamic scheme in the presence of gravity with a fluid computation scheme under energy injection from the bubble wall. By performing (1+1)d simulations of spherical bubble for constant wall velocities, we find that the fluid generally develops a thinner shell in our cosmological setup, which qualitatively agrees with previous studies discussing the late-time behavior of fluid in expanding spacetime. We also observe reduction in the energy budget for the fluid kinetic energy. Furthermore, we find that the fluid profile develops sub-structure for accelerating bubble walls. We also comment on the possible broadening of the SGWB spectral plateau.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2025)·16 citations
18. 18*

    Gravitational waves from graviton Bremsstrahlung with kination phase

    Ryoto Inui🇯🇵 · Yusuke Mikura🇯🇵 · Shuichiro Yokoyama🇯🇵

    Gravitational waves (GWs) from gravitational three-body decay (graviton Bremsstrahlung process) can leave an indelible signal at ultrahigh frequencies. We focus on a scenario where superheavy particles are produced gravitationally at a transition between the inflationary and kination phases and analyze the detectability of the signal in the presence of GWs generated from the vacuum fluctuations during inflation. We find that, in many cases, GWs from the graviton Bremsstrahlung are buried in the stochastic gravitational wave background originating from inflation. However, if the superheavy particles are as heavy as the Planck scale, the graviton Bremsstrahlung can produce a sizable amount of GWs, surpassing the inflationary ones.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRD(2025)·17 citations
19. 19*

    CMB Implications of Multi-field Axio-dilaton Cosmology

    Adam Smith🇬🇧 · Maria Mylova🇯🇵 · Philippe Brax🇫🇷 · Carsten van de Bruck🇬🇧 · C.P. Burgess🇨🇦 · Anne-Christine Davis🇬🇧

    Axio-dilaton models are among the simplest scalar-tensor theories that contain the two-derivative interactions that naturally compete at low energies with the two-derivative inter-actions of General Relativity. Such models are well-motivated as the low energy fields arising from string theory compactification. We summarize these motivations and compute their cosmological evolution, in which the dilaton acts as dark energy and its evolution provides a framework for dynamically evolving particle masses. The derivative axion-dilaton couplings play an important role in the success of these cosmologies. We derive the equations for fluctuations needed to study their implications for the CMB anisotropy, matter spectra and structure growth. We use a modified Boltzmann code to study in detail four benchmark parameter choices, including the vanilla Yoga model, and identify couplings that give viable cosmologies, including some with surprisingly large matter-scalar interactions. The axion has negligible potential for most of the cosmologies we consider but we also examine a simplified model for which the axion potential plays a role, using axion-matter couplings motivated by phenomenological screening considerations. We find such choices can also lead to viable cosmologies.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phJCAP(2024)·18 citations
20. 20*

    Search for the Hawking radiation of primordial black holes: prospective sensitivity of LHAASO

    Chen Yang🇺🇸 · Sai Wang🇨🇳 · Meng-Lin Zhao🇺🇸 · Xin Zhang🇺🇸

    Primordial black holes (PBHs), more generally, BHs, undergo evaporation and, in principle, will end their lives in bursts of very high-energy gamma rays. The notable aspect of the PBHs with an initial mass of $\sim 10^{14}$ g is that they are expected to end their lives today. In this work, we assess the potential sensitivity of the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) in detecting the local burst rate density of PBHs. Our results suggest that LHAASO is capable of probing for PBH bursts within a proximity of $\sim 0.1$ pc from the Sun, measuring a local burst rate density of $\sim$ 1200 (or 700)${\mathrm{pc}}^{-3}{\mathrm{yr}}^{-1}$ with $99\%$ confidence during a 3-year (or 5-year) observational campaign. This level of sensitivity surpasses the most rigorous observational constraint provided by the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory (HAWC) by an order of magnitude. Additionally, we propose data analysis strategies for LHAASO to optimize the search for PBHs and reach its potential detection limits.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phJCAP(2024)·21 citations
21. 21*

    GRANDlib: A simulation pipeline for the Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND)

    GRAND Collaboration: Rafael Alves Batista🇫🇷 · Aurélien Benoit-Lévy🇫🇷 · Teresa Bister🇳🇱 · Martina Bohacova🇨🇿 · Mauricio Bustamante🇩🇰 · Washington Carvalho🇵🇱 · Yiren Chen🇨🇳 · LingMei Cheng🇨🇳 · Simon Chiche🇧🇪 · Jean-Marc Colley🇫🇷 · Pablo Correa🇫🇷 · Nicoleta Cucu Laurenciu🇳🇱 and 102 other authors

    The operation of upcoming ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray, gamma-ray, and neutrino radio-detection experiments, like the Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND), poses significant computational challenges involving the production of numerous simulations of particle showers and their detection, and a high data throughput. GRANDlib is an open-source software tool designed to meet these challenges. Its primary goal is to perform end-to-end simulations of the detector operation, from the interaction of ultra-high-energy particles, through -- by interfacing with external air-shower simulations -- the ensuing particle shower development and its radio emission, to its detection by antenna arrays and its processing by data-acquisition systems. Additionally, GRANDlib manages the visualization, storage, and retrieval of experimental and simulated data. We present an overview of GRANDlib to serve as the basis of future GRAND analyses.

    ↳ astro-ph.IMhep-exhep-phComput.Phys.Commun.(2025)·29 citations
22. 22*

    Quantum chaos and complexity from string scattering amplitudes

    Aranya Bhattacharya🇵🇱 · Aneek Jana🇮🇳

    We introduce Krylov spread complexity in the context of black hole scattering by studying highly excited string states (HESS). Krylov complexity characterizes chaos by quantifying the spread of a state or operator under a known Hamiltonian. In contrast, quantum field theory often relies on S-matrices, where the Hamiltonian density becomes non-trivially time-dependent rendering the computations of complexity in Krylov basis exponentially hard. We define Krylov spread complexity for scattering amplitudes by analyzing the distribution of extrema, treating these as eigenvalues of a fictional Hamiltonian that evolves a thermo-field double state non-trivially. Our analysis of black hole scattering, through highly excited string states scattering into two or three tachyons, reveals that the Krylov complexity of these amplitudes mirrors the behavior of chaotic Hamiltonian evolution, with a pre-saturation peak indicating chaos. This formalism bridges the concepts of chaos in scattering and state evolution, offering a framework to distinguish different scattering processes.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phmath-phmath.MP+122 citations
23. 23*

    Supermassive black holes from inflation constrained by dark matter substructure

    Shin'ichiro Ando🇳🇱 · Shyam Balaji🇬🇧 · Malcolm Fairbairn🇬🇧 · Nagisa Hiroshima🇯🇵 · Koji Ishiwata🇯🇵

    Recent James Webb Space Telescope observations of high-redshift massive galaxy candidates have initiated renewed interest in the important mystery around the formation and evolution of our Universe's largest supermassive black holes (SMBHs). We consider the possibility that some of them were seeded by the direct collapse of primordial density perturbations from inflation into primordial black holes and analyze the consequences of this on current dark matter substructures assuming non-Gaussian primordial curvature perturbation distributions. We derive bounds on the enhanced curvature perturbation amplitude from the number of dwarf spheroidal galaxies in our Galaxy, observations of stellar streams and gravitational lensing. We find this bound region significantly overlaps with that required for SMBH seed formation and enables us to probe Gaussian and non-Gaussian curvature perturbations corresponding to the SMBH seeds in the range $\mathcal{O}(10^5$\text{--}$10^{12})M_{\odot }$.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phPRD(2025)·8 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.