Mon·Aug 19, 2024Monday·August 19, 2024

1. 01*

   Impact of Bound State Formation on Baryogenesis

   Mathias Becker🇩🇪 · Kåre Fridell🇯🇵 · Julia Harz🇩🇪 · Chandan Hati🇪🇸

   The mechanism behind the generation of the baryon asymmetry of the Universe (BAU) is one of the biggest open questions of (astro-)particle physics. Popular mechanisms to generate the observed baryon asymmetry include CP-violating out-of-equilibrium decays and scatterings of heavy particles. If these heavy non-relativistic particles feature long-range interactions, the formation of bound states can impact the generation of the baryon asymmetry. We outline the general conditions for when bound states are important for decay and scattering dominated baryogenesis and present the necessary Boltzmann equations for the first time. We demonstrate that bound states can impact baryogenesis in three different ways: They (i) strongly impact abundances of particles sourcing the BAU, (ii) act as a source term of the asymmetry, and (iii) mediate additional washout channels.

   hep-ph2 citations
2. 02*

   Factorized QED Contribution to Lepton-Hadron DIS

   Justin Cammarota🇺🇸 · Jian-Wei Qiu🇺🇸 · Kazuhiro Watanabe🇯🇵 · Jia-Yue Zhang🇺🇸

   We present the first calculation of next-to-leading order (NLO) factorized QED contributions to the short-distance hard coefficients of inclusive lepton-hadron deep inelastic scattering (DIS) in a joint QCD and QED factorization approach. We demonstrate how the joint factorization consistently factorize all perturbative collinear sensitivities of partonic scattering in both QCD and QED into corresponding universal hadron and lepton distribution functions without the need of any parameters other than the standard factorization scale. We discuss the necessary modification to DGLAP-type evolution of the parton and lepton distribution functions in this joint factorization approach. We also discuss the potential impact of this joint factorization approach on the extraction of partonic information from lepton-hadron DIS.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPoS(2025)·4 citations
3. 03*

   Towards quantitative precision in functional QCD I

   Friederike Ihssen🇩🇪 · Jan M. Pawlowski🇩🇪 · Franz R. Sattler🇩🇪 · Nicolas Wink🇩🇪

   Functional approaches are the only first principle QCD setup that allow for direct computations at finite density. Predictive power and quantitative reliability of the respective results can only be obtained within a systematic expansion scheme with controlled systematic error estimates. Here we set up such a scheme within the functional renormalisation group (fRG) approach to QCD, aiming for full apparent convergence. In the current work we test this setup, using correlation functions and observables in 2+1 flavour vacuum QCD as a natural benchmark case. While the current work includes many evolutionary improvements collected over the past two decades, we also report on three novel important developments: (i) A comprehensive systematic error analysis based on the modular nature of the fRG approach. (ii) The introduction of a fully automated computational framework, allowing for unprecedented access and improvement of the fRG approach to QCD. (iii) The inclusion of the full effective potential of the chiral order parameter. This also gives access to all-order scattering events of pions and to the full momentum dependence of correlation functions, which is a first application of the automated computational framework (ii). The results compare very well to other state-of-the-art results both from functional approaches and lattice simulations, and provide data on general multi-scattering events of pions and the sigma mode for the first time.

   hep-phhep-thnucl-thPRD(2026)·55 citations
4. 04*

   Hidden Charm Decays of $Y(4626)$ in a $D_s^{\ast +}{D}_{s1}(2536{)}^{-}$ Molecular Frame

   Zi-Li Yue🇨🇳 · Yue Pan🇨🇳 · Dian-Yong Chen🇨🇳

   In this work, we investigate the hidden charm decays properties of $Y(4626)$, where $Y(4626)$ is assigned as a $S-$wave $D_s^{\ast +}{D}_{s1}(2536{)}^{-}$ molecular state with $J^{PC}=1^{--}$. The partial widths of the processes $Y(4626)\to J/\psi \eta$, $J/\psi {\eta }^{\prime }$, ${\eta }_c\varphi$, and ${\chi }_{cJ}\varphi ,(J=\{0,1,2\})$ are estimated by employing the effective Lagrangian approach. The present estimations indicate that the partial widths of the $J/\psi \eta$ and $J/\psi {\eta }^{\prime }$ channels are of the order of 1 MeV, while the one of ${\chi }_{c1}\varphi$ is of the order of 0.1 MeV. Thus, we propose to further examine the molecular interpretation of $Y(4626)$ by searching it in the cross sections for the $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to J/\psi {\eta }^{(\prime )}$ processes, which should be accessible by the BES III and Belle II.

   hep-phPRD(2024)·3 citations
5. 05*

   Probing right-handed neutrinos via tri-lepton signals at the HL-LHC

   Manimala Mitra🇮🇳 · Subham Saha🇮🇳 · Michael Spannowsky🇬🇧 · Michihisa Takeuchi🇨🇳

   Neutrino oscillation experiments have provided direct evidence for the existence of neutrino masses. The seesaw mechanism explains the smallness of these masses through the introduction of heavy right-handed neutrino (RHN) states. The RHN states can aslo generate Dirac neutrino masses at tree or loop level. These heavy states can exist at the electroweak scale, approximately in the $\mathcal{O}(\mathrm{GeV})$ range, and can be investigated through current and future collider experiments. This scenario, where other new physics interactions occur at scales much higher than the RHN scale, can be described using an effective field theory (EFT) framework known as $N_R$-EFT. This study focuses on constraining the Wilson coefficients of $N_R$-EFT operators, which primarily contribute to tri-lepton production and missing energy signals at the LHC. We examine both the scenarios where the RHN mass $M_N$ is less than and greater than the $W$ boson mass $M_W$, and provide predictions for the High-Luminosity run of the LHC (HL-LHC).

   hep-phPRD(2025)·10 citations
6. 06*

   Parametrically amplified super-radiance towards hot big bang universe

   Motohiko Yoshimura🇯🇵 · Kunio Kaneta🇯🇵 · Kin-ya Oda🇯🇵

   We propose a mechanism of preheating stage after inflation, using a new idea of parametrically amplified super-radiance. Highly coherent state, characterized by macro-coherence of scalar field coupled to produced massless particle in pairs, is created by parametric resonance effects associated with field oscillation around its potential minimum, within a Hubble volume. The state is described effectively by the simple Dicke-type of super-radiance model, and super-radiant pulse is emitted within a Hubble time, justifying neglect of cosmic expansion. Produced particles are shown to interact to change their energy and momentum distribution to realize thermal hot big bang universe. A long standing problem of heating after inflation may thus be solved. A new dark matter candidate produced at the emergence of thermalized universe is suggested as well.

   hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qchep-thPLB(2024)·3 citations
7. 07*

   Spontaneous breaking of a global symmetry in the Minimum Supersymmetric $SU(3{)}_C\times SU(3{)}_L\times U(1{)}_N$ Model

   M. C. Rodriguez🇧🇷

   We present a preliminar study of the scalar potential of the usual scalars in the Minimal Supersymmetric $SU(3{)}_C\times SU(3{)}_L\times U(1{)}_N$ Model. We will consider the case in which all the usual neutral scalars fields of this model obtain vacuum expectation values. When we allow in our superpotential, only interactions that respect the invariance of the quantum number, $\mathcal{F}\equiv B+L$, where $B$ is the baryon number while $L$ is the total lepton number. We obtain, as in the minimal $SU(3{)}_C\times SU(3{)}_L\times U(1{)}_N$ model without supersymmetry, a Majoron. However, by allowing the violation of this quantum number, we can remove the Majoron in a mechanism similar to that recently presented in the Supersymmetric version of the scheme of Gelmini-Roncadelli. The mass spectrum obtained is in agreement with current experimental data.

   hep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.A(2025)·1 citation
8. 08*

   Higgs production at NLL accuracy in the BFKL approach

   Francesco Giovanni Celiberto🇪🇸 · Luigi Delle Rose🇮🇹 · Michael Fucilla🇫🇷 · Gabriele Gatto🇮🇹 · Dmitry Yu. Ivanov🇷🇺 · Mohammed M. A. Mohammed🇮🇹 · Alessandro Papa🇮🇹

   Precision physics in the Higgs sector has been one of the main challenges of particle physics in the recent years. The pure fixed-order calculations entering the collinear factorization framework, which have been pushed up to next-cube-leading-order, are not able to describe the entire kinematic spectrum. In particular sectors, they have to be necessarily enhanced by all-order resummations. In the so-called semi-hard regime, large energy-type logarithms spoil the perturbative convergence of the series and must be resummed to all orders. This resummation is a core ingredient for a correct description of the inclusive hadroproduction of a forward Higgs boson in the limit of small Bjorken $x$, as well as for a precision study of inclusive forward emissions of a Higgs boson in association with a backward identified object. A complete resummation for these processes can be achieved at the at next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy thanks to the Balitsky-Fadin-Kuraev-Lipatov approach. In the present work we present and discuss a series of recent phenomenological results within a partial next-to-leading accuracy. They include the analysis of rapidity and azimuthal-angle differential rates for Higgs plus jet and Higgs plus charm reactions in forward and ultraforward directions of rapidity at the LHC.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-thPoS(2025)·6 citations
9. 09*

   NNLO corrections to SIDIS coefficient functions

   Leonardo Bonino🇨🇭 · Thomas Gehrmann🇨🇭 · Markus Löchner🇨🇭 · Kay Schönwald🇨🇭 · Giovanni Stagnitto🇮🇹

   Hadron production in lepton-proton scattering (semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering, SIDIS) probes the structure of hadrons at a higher level of detail than fully inclusive processes. A wealth of SIDIS data is available especially from fixed-target experiments. Here we review our calculation for the NNLO corrections to the full set of polarized and unpolarized SIDIS coefficient functions and present some selected analytical expressions. Our results enable for the first time a fully consistent treatment of hadron fragmentation processes in polarized and unpolarized DIS at NNLO and provide the basis for studies of hadron structure, hadron fragmentation and identified particle cross sections at colliders.

   hep-phPoS(2024)·1 citation
10. 10*

    Towards Higgs and $Z$ boson plus jet distributions at NLL/NLO${}^{+}$

    Francesco Giovanni Celiberto🇪🇸 · Luigi Delle Rose🇮🇹 · Michael Fucilla🇫🇷 · Gabriele Gatto🇮🇹 · Alessandro Papa🇮🇹

    We present novel predictions for rapidity and transverse-momentum distributions sensitive to the emission of a Higgs boson accompanied by a jet in proton collisions, calculated within the NLO fixed order in QCD and matched with the next-to leading energy-logarithmic accuracy. We also highlight first advancements in the extension of our analysis to the $Z$-boson case. We come out with the message that the improvement of fixed-order calculations on Higgs- and $Z$-boson plus jet distributions is a required step to reach the precision level of the description of observables relevant for Higgs and electroweak physics at current LHC energies and nominal FCC ones.

    hep-phhep-exPoS(2025)·9 citations
11. 11*

    Cosmic-Ray Cooling in Active Galactic Nuclei as a New Probe of Inelastic Dark Matter

    R. Andrew Gustafson🇺🇸 · Gonzalo Herrera🇺🇸 · Mainak Mukhopadhyay🇺🇸 · Kohta Murase🇺🇸 · Ian M. Shoemaker🇺🇸

    We present a novel way to probe inelastic dark matter using cosmic-ray (CR) cooling in active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Dark matter (DM) in the vicinity of supermassive black holes may scatter off CRs, resulting in the rapid cooling of CRs for sufficiently large cross sections. This in turn can alter the high-energy neutrino and gamma-ray fluxes detected from these sources. We show that AGN cooling bounds obtained through the multimessenger data of NGC 1068 and TXS 0506+056 allow to reach unprecedently large mass splittings for inelastic DM ($\gtrsim$ TeV), orders of magnitude larger than those probed by direct detection experiments and DM capture in neutron stars. Furthermore, we demonstrate that cooling bounds from AGNs can probe thermal light DM with small mass splittings. This provides novel and complementary constraints in parts of a parameter space accessible solely by colliders and beam dump experiments.

    hep-phastro-ph.GAastro-ph.HEhep-thPRD(2025)·22 citations
12. 12*

    Accidental Suppression of Wilson Coefficients in Higgs Coupling

    Yunjia Bao🇺🇸 · Jiayin Gu🇨🇳 · Zhen Liu🇺🇸 · Chi Shu🇺🇸 · Lian-Tao Wang🇺🇸

    Higgs couplings are essential probes for physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM) since they can be modified by new physics, such as through the Higgs portal interaction $|H{|}^2\mathcal{O}$. These modifications influence Higgs interactions via dimension-6 operators of the form ${\left(\partial |H{|}^2\right)}^2$ and $|H{|}^6$, which are generally expected to be of comparable size. This paper discusses a phenomenon of accidental suppression, where the $|H{|}^6$ coupling is significantly smaller than ${\left(\partial |H{|}^2\right)}^2$. This suppression, arising from the truncation of the tree-level effective potential, lacks a clear symmetry explanation but persists in portal models. This paper aims to inspire further studies on additional instances of accidental suppression without symmetry explanations or a general framework to characterize such suppression. We also discuss constraints, at the HL-LHC and future colliders, on the Wilson coefficients of the two dimension-6 operators for various benchmark scenarios of the concrete model.

    hep-phhep-exhep-thJHEP(2024)·1 citation
13. 13*

    From WIMPs to FIMPs: Impact of Early Matter Domination

    Javier Silva-Malpartida🇵🇪 · Nicolás Bernal🇦🇪 · Joel Jones-Pérez🇵🇪 · Roberto A. Lineros🇨🇱

    In the context of non-standard cosmologies, an early matter-dominated (EMD) era can significantly alter the conventional dark matter (DM) genesis. In this work, we reexamine the impact of an EMD on the weakly- and feebly-interacting massive particle (WIMP and FIMP) paradigms. EMD eras significantly modify the genesis of DM because of the change in the Hubble expansion rate and the injection of entropy. The WIMP paradigm can be realized with couplings much smaller than in the standard cosmological scenario, whereas much larger couplings are required in the FIMP case. Using the singlet-scalar DM model as a case study, we show that these results can lead to a continuous transition between the WIMP and FIMP scenarios, with results that are also applicable to other DM models. This broadens the parameter space consistent with observed DM levels and suggests that even elusive FIMP scenarios may be within the reach of future experimental searches.

    hep-phJCAP(2025)·30 citations
14. 14*

    Lifshitz formulas for finite-density Casimir effect

    Daisuke Fujii🇯🇵 · Katsumasa Nakayama🇯🇵 · Kei Suzuki🇯🇵

    The Lifshitz formula is well known as a theoretical approach to investigate the Casimir effect at finite temperature. In this Letter, we generalize the Lifshitz formula to the Casimir effect originating from quantum fields at finite chemical potential. To demonstrate the versatility of this formula, we discuss the typical phenomena of the Casimir effect at finite chemical potential in various systems, such as some boundary conditions, finite temperatures, arbitrary spatial dimensions, and mismatched chemical potentials. This formula can be applied to the Casimir effect in dense quark matter and Dirac/Weyl semimetals, where the chemical potential is regarded as a parameter to control the Casimir effect.

    ↳ quant-phcond-mat.mes-hallhep-lathep-ph+1PLB(2025)·8 citations
15. 15*

    Field mixing in a thermal medium: A quantum master equation approach

    Shuyang Cao🇺🇸

    We studied the nonequilibrium dynamics of the indirect mixing of two (pseudo-)scalar fields induced by their couplings to common decay channels in a medium. The effective non-Markovian quantum master equation (QME) for the two fields' reduced density matrix is derived to leading order in the couplings of the two fields with the medium, but to all orders of the couplings among degrees of freedom in the medium. The self-energy and noise-kernel in the QME satisfy a fluctuation-dissipation relation. The solutions show that an initial expectation value (condensate) of one field induces a condensate of the other field through the indirect mixing and that the populations and coherence of the two fields thermalize and approach to non-vanishing values asymptotically. The nearly-degenerate field masses and coupling strengths resonantly enhance the quantum beats and asymptotic coherence, and induce a prominent dynamics of the vacuum after the switch-on of the couplings. We argue that a time-dependent definitions of particles due to the changing vacuum must be introduced so as to obtain results consistent with the calculations of equilibrium states in the asymptotic limit. A coupling strength hierarchy breaks down the resonant enhancement in the nearly-degenerate case but leads to different power countings of the coupling strengths in the magnitudes of the observables and time-scales in the evolution, suggesting the possibility of detecting extremely long-lived particles using prepared short-lived particles within a practical experimental period.

    ↳ quant-phhep-phhep-thJHEP(2025)·0 citations
16. 16*

    Multimessenger study of baryon-charged QCD matter in heavy-ion collisions

    Lipei Du🇨🇦

    Multimessenger studies of heavy-ion collisions, using hadrons and electromagnetic probes, can reveal the properties of the created QCD matter from different perspectives. This study calculates the thermal dilepton invariant mass spectra and thermal photon transverse momentum spectra in Au+Au collisions at low beam energies from the Beam Energy Scan program, using a (3+1)-dimensional multistage hydrodynamic model calibrated by rapidity-dependent hadronic distributions. The effects of thermodynamic rapidity variation, baryon chemical potential, and fluid expansion on the spectra are explored. Methods for extracting temperature from photon and dilepton spectra are examined by comparison with the underlying hydrodynamic temperature. The possibility of combining photon and dilepton spectra to extract radial flow is also investigated. This study provides insights into measuring the thermodynamic properties of the created systems in heavy-ion collisions using multiple messengers through two fundamental interactions within the same framework.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-exhep-phnucl-exPLB(2025)·13 citations
17. 17*

    Roles of electric field/time-dependent Wilson line in toroidal compactification with or without magnetic fluxes

    Hiroyuki Abe🇯🇵 · Yusuke Yamada🇯🇵

    We discuss the effects of electric fields along compact directions within (supersymmetric) gauge theory in ${\mathbb{R}}^{1,3}\times {\mathbb{T}}^2(\times {\mathbb{T}}^2\times {\mathbb{T}}^2)$. The electric field along compact directions is equivalent to time-dependent homogeneous configuration of Wilson line moduli, which would be relevant to physics in the early universe. In particular, we consider models with and without background magnetic fluxes, which lead to completely different effects of the electric field due to the difference in the Kaluza-Klein (KK) level structure. We show that, in the case without magnetic fluxes, the deceleration of KK momenta may cause non-perturbative KK particle production dubbed as the KK Schwinger effect, whereas in the case with magnetic flux such KK particle production does not take place but flavor structure of low energy effective theory may be affected.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2024)·1 citation
18. 18*

    Quantum convolutional neural networks for jet images classification

    Hala Elhag🇩🇪 · Tobias Hartung🇺🇸 · Karl Jansen🇩🇪 · Lento Nagano🇯🇵 · Giorgio Menicagli Pirina · Alice Di Tucci🇩🇪

    Recently, interest in quantum computing has significantly increased, driven by its potential advantages over classical techniques. Quantum machine learning (QML) exemplifies one of the important quantum computing applications that are expected to surpass classical machine learning in a wide range of instances. This paper addresses the performance of QML in the context of high-energy physics (HEP). As an example, we focus on the top-quark tagging, for which classical convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been effective but fall short in accuracy when dealing with highly energetic jet images. In this paper, we use a quantum convolutional neural network (QCNN) for this task and compare its performance with CNN using a classical noiseless simulator. We compare various setups for the QCNN, varying the convolutional circuit, type of encoding, loss function, and batch sizes. For every quantum setup, we design a similar setup to the corresponding classical model for a fair comparison. Our results indicate that QCNN with proper setups tend to perform better than their CNN counterparts, particularly when the convolution block has a lower number of parameters. For the higher parameter regime, the QCNN circuit was adjusted according to the dimensional expressivity analysis (DEA) to lower the parameter count while preserving its optimal structure. The DEA circuit demonstrated improved results over the comparable classical CNN model.

    ↳ quant-phhep-ph10 citations
19. 19*

    Extended formalism for the study of final-state interaction in $\gamma p\to K^{+}\pi \Sigma$ photoproduction

    Peter C. Bruns🇨🇿

    We extend the formalism for the low-energy analysis of the $\gamma p\to K^{+}\pi \Sigma$ photoproduction reaction to include the strangeness $S=-1$ meson-baryon p-wave final-state interaction with total angular momentum $J=\frac{3}{2}$. As an application, and a check of our method, we evaluate contributions due to the exchange of the ${\Sigma }^{\ast }(1385)$ resonance as derived from a chiral Lagrangian.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-ph1 citation
20. 20*

    Cosmological Quasiparticles and the Cosmological Collider

    Jay Hubisz🇺🇸 · Seung J. Lee🇰🇷 · He Li🇺🇸 · Bharath Sambasivam🇺🇸

    The interplay between cosmology and strongly coupled dynamics can yield transient spectral features that vanish at late times, but which may leave behind phenomenological signatures in the spectrum of primordial fluctuations. Of particular interest are strongly coupled extensions of the standard model featuring approximate conformal invariance. In flat space, the spectral density for a scalar operator in a conformal field theory is characterized by a continuum with scaling law governed by the dimension of the operator, and is otherwise featureless. AdS/CFT arguments suggest that for large $N$, in an inflationary background with Hubble rate $H$, this continuum is gapped. We demonstrate that there can be additional peak structures that become sharp and particle-like at phenomenologically interesting regions in parameter space, and we estimate their contribution to cosmological observables. We find phenomena that are potentially observable in future experiments that are unique to these models, including displaced oscillatory features in the squeezed limit of the bi-spectrum. These particles can be either fundamental, and localized to a UV brane, or composite at the Hubble scale, $H$, and bound to a horizon in the bulk of the 5D geometry. We comment on how stabilization of conformal symmetry breaking vacua can be correlated with these spectral features and their phenomenology.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRD(2025)·19 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.