Thu·Jul 18, 2024Thursday·July 18, 2024

1. 01*

   Freezing-in Cannibal Dark Sectors

   Esau Cervantes🇵🇱 · Andrzej Hryczuk🇵🇱

   Self-Interacting Dark Matter models can successfully explain dark matter (DM) production through interactions confined within the dark sector. However, they often lack measurable experimental signals due to their secluded nature. Including a feeble interaction with the visible sector through a Higgs portal leads not only to potential detection avenues and richer thermal production dynamics, but also to a possible explanation of the initial dark sector population through the freeze-in mechanism. In this work we study, by solving the full system of coupled Boltzmann equations for the number densities and temperatures of all the involved states, three scenarios of this type where the DM is: a real scalar with broken ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$, a complex scalar with unbroken ${\mathbb{Z}}_3$, and a ${\mathbb{Z}}_3$ scalar with an additional scalar mediator. All of these models have viable dark matter candidates in a cannibal phase while having different detection profiles. We show that cosmological bounds can be either exacerbated or evaded by changing the dark sector interactions, leading to potential signatures in long-lived particle and indirect detection experiments.

   hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2024)·10 citations
2. 02*

   Massive two-loop four-point Feynman integrals at high energies with AsyInt

   Hantian Zhang🇩🇪

   We present analytic techniques for parametric integrations of massive two-loop four-point Feynman integrals at high energies, and their implementation in the toolbox AsyInt. In the high-energy region, the Feynman integrals involving external and internal massive particles, such as the top quark, Higgs and vector bosons, can be asymptotically expanded and directly calculated in the small-mass limit. With this approach, analytic results for higher-order terms in the expansion parameter and the dimensional regulator can be obtained with AsyInt. These results are important ingredients for the two-loop electroweak and QCD corrections for $2\to 2$ scattering processes in the large transverse momenta region, which is relevant to both precision collider phenomenology and new physics searches at current and future high-energy colliders. In this paper, analytic results of representative planar and non-planar Feynman integrals are presented.

   hep-phhep-thJHEP(2024)·17 citations
3. 03*

   Search for dark matter in the framework of Einstein-Cartan gravity at the International Linear Collider (ILC)

   Hossam Taha🇪🇬 · El-sayed A. El-dahshan🇪🇬 · S. Elgammal🇪🇬

   This paper investigates the possibility of Dark Matter (DM) fermions production alongside a gauge boson (A${}^{\prime }$) using a model based on Einstein-Cartan gravity in an electron-positron linear collider, such as the ILC, that operates at a center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=500$ GeV with a detector's integrated luminosity of 500 fb${}^{-1}$. We used the WHIZARD package as the event generator to simulate the $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ interactions that lead to the production of di-muon pairs and missing transverse energy. We specifically are performing this study on a low mass dark gauge boson, M${}_{A^{\prime }}$= 10 GeV, that can subsequently decay into a muon pair (A${}^{\prime }\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-})$ while aiming to set upper limits on the free parameters' masses of the model, such as the torsion field (ST), if evidence for physics beyond the standard model is not found.

   hep-phNPB(2025)·1 citation
4. 04*

   Exploring Top-Quark Signatures of Heavy Flavor-Violating Scalars at the LHC with Parametrized Neural Networks

   Alexandre Alves🇧🇷 · Eduardo da Silva Almeida🇧🇷 · Alex G. Dias🇧🇷 · Diego S. V. Gonçalves🇧🇷

   In this work, we study flavor-violating scalars (flavons) in a range of large masses that have not been explored previously. We model the interactions with an effective field theory formulation where the flavon is heavier than the top quark. In addition, we assume that the flavon only couples to fermions of the Standard Model in a flavor-changing way. As the flavon couples strongly to top quarks, same-sign and opposite-sign top quark pair signals can be explored in the search for those particles. Using parametrized neural networks, we show that it is possible to probe flavons with masses in the 200-1600 GeV range through their interactions with a top quark plus up and charm quarks for effective couplings of order 10^-2 TeV^-1 at the 14 TeV High-Luminosity LHC.

   hep-phPRD(2025)·0 citations
5. 05*

   A Markov Chain Monte Carlo determination of Proton PDF uncertainties at NNLO

   Peter Risse🇩🇪 · Nasim Derakhshanian🇵🇱 · Tomas Ježo🇩🇪 · Karol Kovařík🇩🇪 · Aleksander Kusina🇵🇱

   The current scientific standard in PDF uncertainty estimation relies either on repeated fits over artificially generated data to arrive at Monte Carlo samples of best fits or on the Hessian method, which uses a quadratic expansion of the figure of merit, the ${\chi }^2$-function. Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods allows one to access the uncertainties of PDFs without making use of quadratic approximations in a statistically sound procedure while at the same time preserving the correspondence between the sample and ${\chi }^2$-value. Rooted in Bayesian statistics the ${\chi }^2$-function is repeatedly sampled to obtain a set of PDFs that serves as a representation of the statistical distribution of the PDFs in their function space. After removing the dependence between the samples (the so-called autocorrelation) the set can be used to propagate the uncertainties to physical observables. The final result is an independent procedure to obtain PDF uncertainties that can be confronted by the state-of-the-art in order to ultimately arrive at a better understanding of the proton's structure.

   hep-phPoS(2025)·1 citation
6. 06*

   Quark Mass Effects in Higgs Production

   Michał Czakon🇩🇪 · Felix Eschment🇩🇪 · Marco Niggetiedt🇩🇪 · Rene Poncelet🇵🇱 · Tom Schellenberger🇩🇪

   We examine the effect of finite top- and bottom-quark masses on the Higgs production cross section in the gluon-gluon fusion channel. We employ both $\overline{\text{MS}}$ and on-shell renormalisation for the quark masses and provide a thorough comparison. Furthermore, we explore alternative treatments of quark masses, in particular in the four-flavour scheme, and investigate their impact on the cross section. Our work also presents novel predictions for differential cross sections in the Higgs rapidity. The results lead to a significant reduction of scale uncertainties, and our analysis enables us to offer well-grounded recommendations for future research in this area.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2024)·14 citations
7. 07*

   Two-field inflation from one complex scalar with symmetry breaking

   Yoshihiko Abe🇺🇸 · Toshimasa Ito🇯🇵 · Koichi Yoshioka🇯🇵

   We study two-field inflation derived from a single complex scalar field with a nonzero vacuum expectation value. The dynamics of inflation are governed by two parameters, the vacuum expectation value and the mass parameter of the phase mode, which together give rise to a rich variety of inflationary structures. We classify the possible trajectories of the two inflaton fields and identify the parameter regions consistent with current cosmological observations. Furthermore, we investigate the reheating process through the inflaton decay to right-handed neutrinos and the subsequent generation of lepton number within these regions. Our findings suggest that the presence of multiple scalar degrees of freedom can significantly alter the conditions for successful reheating and leptogenesis.

   hep-phEPJC(2026)·1 citation
8. 08*

   Thermal pion condensation: holography meets lattice QCD

   Nicolas Kovensky🇦🇷 · Andreas Schmitt🇬🇧

   The holographic Witten-Sakai-Sugimoto model is often employed to describe strongly-coupled baryonic and isospin-asymmetric matter, for example in the context of neutron stars. Here we consider the case of vanishing baryon chemical potential, where detailed comparisons to data from lattice QCD are possible. To this end, we extend previous works by including a realistic pion mass and pion condensation into the decompactified limit of the model and evaluate the system for arbitrary isospin chemical potentials and temperatures. After suitably fixing the 3 parameters of the model, we find that the overall phase structure is in excellent agreement with lattice results. This also holds for observables at low temperatures in the strongly coupled regime, while we discover and discuss some discrepancies at large temperatures. Our findings give reassurance for the validity of previous and future applications of this model and highlight the aspects where improvements are needed.

   hep-phhep-lathep-thJHEP(2024)·8 citations
9. 09*

   New Laboratory Constraints on Neutrinophilic Mediators

   P. S. Bhupal Dev🇺🇸 · Doojin Kim🇺🇸 · Deepak Sathyan🇺🇸 · Kuver Sinha🇺🇸 · Yongchao Zhang🇨🇳

   Neutrinophilic mediators are well-motivated messenger particles that can probe some of the least known sectors of fundamental physics involving nonstandard interactions of neutrinos with themselves and potentially with dark matter. In particular, light mediators coupling to the active neutrinos will induce new decay modes of the Standard Model mesons (e.g., ${\pi }^{\pm },K^{\pm }\to {\ell }^{\pm }+\nu +\varphi$), charged leptons (e.g., ${\tau }^{\pm }\to {\pi }^{\pm }+\nu +\varphi$), and gauge bosons (e.g., $Z\to \nu +\bar{\nu }+\varphi$). A common lore is that these decays suffer from infrared divergences in the limit of the vanishing mediator mass, i.e., $m_{\varphi }\to 0$. Here, we show that including the 1-loop contributions of these mediators to the standard 2-body decays (e.g., ${\pi }^{\pm },K^{\pm }\to {\ell }^{\pm }+\nu$, etc.), the infrared divergence from the 3-body decay cancels out exactly by virtue of the Kinoshita-Lee-Nauenberg theorem. Including these cancellation effects, we then update the existing laboratory constraints on neutrinophilic scalar mediators, thereby extending the limits far beyond the decaying parent particle mass and excluding a wider range of parameter space. These new ``physical'' limits derived here have significant implications for the future detection prospects of nonstandard neutrino (self-)interactions.

   hep-phhep-exPLB(2025)·36 citations
10. 10*

    Top Quark Mass Extractions from Energy Correlators: A Feasibility Study

    Jack Holguin🇬🇧 · Ian Moult🇺🇸 · Aditya Pathak🇩🇪 · Massimiliano Procura🇦🇹 · Robert Schöfbeck🇦🇹 · Dennis Schwarz🇦🇹

    In a recent article, we proposed an energy correlator-based method to achieve a precision top quark mass extraction from jet substructure, using the $W$-boson mass as a standard candle. In this paper, we perform an extensive event generator simulation study of this proposal, testing both its experimental viability, as well as its sensitivity to different subprocesses in the top quark production and decay. On the experimental side, we show that uncertainties in the jet energy scale, constituent energy scale, and tracking efficiency have a minimal effect. On the theoretical side, we find that our observable isolates the perturbative decay of the top quark, while nonperturbative physics, such as the modelling of color reconnection, and underlying event, have a negligible impact on the distribution. We conclude that our proposed measurement is resilient to the experimental and theoretical aspects of the hadron collider environment, with variations in model parameters consistently leading to $\lesssim 100$MeV shifts in the measured top mass. Our results motivate precision theoretical calculations of the energy correlator on top decays, both analytic and using parton shower generators, and further exploration of the experimental measurement.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2025)·34 citations
11. 11*

    Generalised hydrogen interactions with $\text{CINCO}$: a window to new physics

    Martin Bauer🇬🇧 · Javier Perez-Soler🇪🇸 · Jack D. Shergold🇪🇸

    We present semi-analytic solutions for atomic transition rates in hydrogenic atoms induced by scalar, pseudoscalar, vector, axial-vector, and tensor interactions. Our results agree with quantum electrodynamics predictions to $\sim 0.005\%$ precision, and further allow us to calculate absorption and emission rates for axions, hidden photons, light scalars or other dark matter candidates for hydrogen and hydrogenic ions. These results can be used to inform searches for light new physics as well as in calculations relevant to searches for fifth forces or varying fundamental constants, with applications from astrophysics to laboratory spectroscopy experiments. We also provide a dedicated tool for the construction of hydrogenic transition amplitudes: "Computation of hydrogen radial INtegrals and COefficients" ($\text{CINCO}$).

    hep-phhep-exphysics.atom-phJHEP(2024)·2 citations
12. 12*

    Three loop QCD corrections to the heavy-light form factors: fermionic contributions

    Sudeepan Datta🇮🇳 · Narayan Rana🇮🇳

    We present analytic results for three-loop fermionic corrections to the heavy-light form factors in perturbative quantum chromodynamics. Specifically, we present all light quark contributions and contributions from two heavy quark loops. We use the method of differential equations to compute all relevant three-loop master integrals. The results for all these contributions are expressed in terms of harmonic polylogarithms and generalized harmonic polylogarithms.

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2024)·4 citations
13. 13*

    Spin polarization of fermions at local equilibrium: Second-order gradient expansion

    Xin-Li Sheng🇮🇹 · Francesco Becattini🇮🇹 · Xu-Guang Huang🇨🇳 · Zhong-Hua Zhang🇨🇳

    We present a calculation of the spin polarization of spin-1/2 fermions in a relativistic fluid at local thermodynamic equilibrium at the second order in the gradient expansion, including second-order derivatives. The second-order derivative terms vanish if the local equilibrium hypersurface is the hyperplane $t=const$ in the collision center-of-mass frame. However, since the freeze-out hypersurface has a non-trivial space-time structure, these terms may result in a non-vanishing contribution to the spin polarization, whose magnitude needs to be assessed with numerical computations.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phnucl-thPRC(2024)·12 citations
14. 14*

    On a possible ${}_{\varphi }^3$H hypernucleus with HAL QCD interaction

    Igor Filikhin🇺🇸 · Roman Ya. Kezerashvili🇺🇸 · Branislav Vlahovic🇺🇸

    Within the framework of the Faddeev formalism in configuration space, we investigate bound states in the $\varphi NN$ system with total isospin $T=0$ and $T=1$. The recently proposed lattice HAL QCD $\varphi N$ potential in the ${}^4{S}_{3/2}$ channel does not support either $\varphi N$ or $\varphi NN$ bound states. The HAL QCD $\varphi N$ potential in the ${}^2{S}_{1/2}$ channel suggests the bound states for $\varphi N$ and $\varphi NN(S=0)$ systems. However, the binding energies are highly sensitive to variations of the enhancement factor $\beta$, and the $\varphi NN$ system is extremely strongly bound in the state $S=0$. Considering a spin-averaged potential %$(\frac{1}{3}{V}_{\varphi N}^{1/2}+\frac{2}{3}{V}_{\varphi N}^{3/2})$ for the state $S=1$ yields a bound state for ${}_{\varphi }^3$H $(S=1)$ hypernucleus with the binding energy (BE) 14.9 MeV when $\beta =6.9$. The evaluation of the BE for the $S=1$, $T=1$ three-body state results in 5.47 MeV. %Also, We evaluated the BE for the $S=1$, $T=1$ three-body state as 5.47 MeV. Additionally, calculations using our approach confirm the bound states for the $\varphi NN$ ($S=2,T=0$ and $S=1,T=1$) system previously predicted with the Yukawa-type potential motivated by the QCD van der Waals attractive force, mediated by multi-gluon exchanges.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRD(2024)·17 citations
15. 15*

    Dispersive Bootstrap of Massive Inflation Correlators

    Haoyuan Liu🇨🇳 · Zhehan Qin🇨🇳 · Zhong-Zhi Xianyu🇨🇳

    Inflation correlators with massive exchanges are central observables of cosmological collider physics, and are also important theoretical data for us to better understand quantum field theories in dS. However, they are difficult to compute directly due to many technical complications of the Schwinger-Keldysh integral. In this work, we initiate a new bootstrap program for massive inflation correlators with dispersion relations on complex momentum planes. We classify kinematic variables of a correlator into vertex energies and line energies, and develop two distinct types of dispersion relations for both of them, respectively called vertex dispersion and line dispersion relations. These dispersion methods allow us to obtain full analytical results of massive correlators from a knowledge of their oscillatory signals alone, while the oscillatory signal at the tree level can be related to simpler subgraphs via the cutting rule. We further apply this method to massive loop correlators, and obtain new analytical expressions for loop diagrams much simpler than existing results from spectral decomposition. In particular, we show that the analyticity demands the existence of an "irreducible background" in the loop correlator, which is unambiguously defined, free of UV divergence, and independent of renormalization schemes.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COhep-phJHEP(2025)·46 citations
16. 16*

    Bulk viscosity of two-color superconducting quark matter in neutron star mergers

    Mark Alford🇺🇸 · Arus Harutyunyan🇦🇲 · Armen Sedrakian🇩🇪 · Stefanos Tsiopelas🇵🇱

    We study the bulk viscosity of moderately hot and dense, neutrino-transparent color superconducting quark matter arising from weak-interaction-driven direct URCA processes. The quark matter is modeled using the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model improved to account for vector and 't Hooft interactions as well as antisymmetric pairing among the red/green up and down quarks. The unpaired excitations are the strange quarks and the blue up or down quarks. We compute the relaxation rates associated with $d$ and $s$-quark decay and electron capture processes on $u$ quark for blue color. The resulting bulk viscosity for density oscillations in the 1--10\,kHz range shows a resonant peak at $T\sim 5\text{MeV}$, and the damping time may drop below 10 ms. This is short enough to affect the postmerger evolution and is very similar to the damping predicted in nuclear matter.

    ↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEhep-phPRD(2024)·19 citations
17. 17*

    Polylogarithmic functions with prescribed branching locus and linear relations between them

    Roman N. Lee🇷🇺

    We consider the problem of finding the set of classical polylogarithmic functions ${\text{Li}}_n$ with branching locus determined by the solution of $p_1\cdot p_2\cdot \dots \cdot p_n=0$, where $p_1,\dots ,p_n$ are irreducible polynomials of several variables. We present an algorithm of constructing a complete set of possible arguments of ${\text{Li}}_n$ functions. The corresponding Mathematica code is included as ancillary file. Using this algorithm and the symbol map, we provide some examples of polylogarithmic identities.

    ↳ hep-thhep-ph3 citations
18. 18*

    Neutrino Halo profiles: HR-DEMNUni simulation analysis

    Beatriz Hernández-Molinero🇪🇸 · Carmelita Carbone🇮🇹 · Raul Jimenez🇪🇸 · Carlos Peña Garay🇪🇸

    Using the high-resolution HR-DEMNUni simulations, we computed neutrino profiles within virialized dark matter haloes. These new high-resolution simulations allowed us to revisit fitting formulas proposed in the literature and provided updated fitting parameters that extend to less massive haloes and lower neutrino masses than previously in the literature, in accordance with new cosmological limits. The trend we observe for low neutrino masses is that, for dark matter halo masses below $\sim 4\times 10^{14}$$h^{-1}{M}_{\odot }$, the presence of the core becomes weaker and the profile over the whole radius is closer to a simple power law. We also characterized the neutrino density profile dependence on the solid angle within clustered structures: a forward-backward asymmetry larger than 10% was found when comparing the density profiles from neutrinos along the direction of motion of cold dark matter particles within the same halo. In addition, we looked for neutrino wakes around halo centres produced by the peculiar motion of the halo itself. Our results suggest that the wakes effect is observable in haloes with masses greater than $3\times 10^{14}$ $h^{-1}{M}_{\odot }$ where a mean displacement of $0.06$\hmpc was found.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2024)·7 citations
19. 19*

    Three-loop evolution kernel for transversity operator

    A. N. Manashov🇩🇪 · S. Moch🇩🇪 · L. A. Shumilov🇩🇪

    We calculate quantum corrections to the symmetry generators for the transversity operators in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) in the two-loop approximation. Using this result, we obtain the evolution kernel for the corresponding operators at three loops. The explicit expression for the anomalous dimension matrix in the Gegenbauer basis is given for the first few operators.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2024)·3 citations
20. 20*

    Legacy of boson clouds on black hole binaries

    Giovanni Maria Tomaselli🇳🇱 · Thomas F.M. Spieksma🇩🇰 · Gianfranco Bertone🇳🇱

    Superradiant clouds of ultralight bosons can leave an imprint on the gravitational waveform of black hole binaries through "ionization" and "resonances." We study the sequence of resonances as the binary evolves, and show that there are only two possible outcomes, each with a distinct imprint on the waveform. If the cloud and the binary are nearly counter-rotating, then the cloud survives in its original state until it enters the sensitivity band of future gravitational wave detectors, such as LISA. In all other cases, resonances destroy the cloud, while driving the binary to co-rotate with it and its eccentricity close to a fixed point. This opens up the possibility of inferring the existence of a new boson from the statistical analysis of a population of black hole binaries.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-thPRL(2024)·58 citations
21. 21*

    Bounding elastic photon-photon scattering at $\sqrt{s}\approx 1$MeV using a laser-plasma platform

    R. Watt🇬🇧 · B. Kettle🇬🇧 · E. Gerstmayr🇬🇧 · B. King🇬🇧 · A. Alejo🇬🇧 · S. Astbury🇬🇧 · C. Baird🇬🇧 · S. Bohlen🇩🇪 · M. Campbell🇨🇭 · C. Colgan🇬🇧 · D. Dannheim🇨🇭 · C. Gregory🇬🇧 and 27 other authors

    We report on a direct search for elastic photon-photon scattering using x-ray and $\gamma$ photons from a laser-plasma based experiment. A gamma photon beam produced by a laser wakefield accelerator provided a broadband gamma spectrum extending to above $E_{\gamma }=200$ MeV. These were collided with a dense x-ray field produced by the emission from a laser heated germanium foil at $E_x\approx 1.4$ keV, corresponding to an invariant mass of $\sqrt{s}=1.22\pm 0.22$ MeV. In these asymmetric collisions elastic scattering removes one x-ray and one high-energy $\gamma$ photon and outputs two lower energy $\gamma$ photons. No changes in the $\gamma$ photon spectrum were observed as a result of the collisions allowing us to place a 95% upper bound on the cross section of $1.5\times 10^{15}\mu$b. Although far from the QED prediction, this represents the lowest upper limit obtained so far for $\sqrt{s}\lesssim 1$ MeV.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phphysics.plasm-phPLB(2025)·8 citations
22. 22*

    A New Probe of $\mu$Hz Gravitational Waves with FRB Timing

    Zhiyao Lu🇨🇳 · Lian-Tao Wang🇺🇸 · Huangyu Xiao🇺🇸

    We propose Fast Radio Burst (FRB) timing, which uses the precision measurements of the arrival time differences of repeated FRB signals along multiple sightlines, as a new probe of gravitational waves (GWs) around nHz to $\mu$Hz frequencies, with the highest frequency limited by FRB repeating period. The anticipated experiment requires a sightline separation of tens of AU, achieved by sending radio telescopes to space. We find the signal of arrival time difference induced by GWs depends only on the local GWs in the solar system and we can correlate the measurements from different FRB sources or the same source with different repeaters, which leads to a better sensitivity with a larger number of FRB repeaters detected. The projected sensitivity shows this method is a competitive probe in the nHz to $\mu$Hz frequency range. It can fill the '$\mu$Hz gap' between pulsar timing arrays and Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) and is complementary to other proposals of GW detection in this frequency band.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEastro-ph.IM+1Phys.Dark Univ.(2025)·14 citations
23. 23*

    Cosmological implications of the minimum viscosity principle

    P. G. Tello🇨🇭 · Sauro Succi🇮🇹

    It is shown that black holes in a quark gluon plasma (QGP) obeying minimum viscosity bounds, exhibit a Schwarzschild radius in close match with the range of the strong force. For such black holes, an evaporation time of about 1016 secs is estimated, indicating that they would survive by far the quark-gluon plasma era, namely between 10^-10 and 10^-6 seconds after the big bang. On the assumption that the big-bang generated unequal amounts of quark and antiquarks, this suggests that such unbalance might have survived to this day in the form of excess antiquark nuggets hidden to all but gravitational interactions. A connection with the saturon picture, whereby minimum viscosity regimes would associate with the onset coherent quantum field structures with maximum storage properties, is also established, along with potential implication for quantum computing of classical systems.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.C(2025)·1 citation

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.