Fri·May 10, 2024Friday·May 10, 2024

1. 01*

   Solar neutrinos and leptonic spin forces

   Saeed Ansarifard🇮🇷 · M. C. Gonzalez-Garcia🇺🇸 · Michele Maltoni🇪🇸 · Joao Paulo Pinheiro🇪🇸

   We quantify the effects of light spin-zero particles with pseudoscalar couplings to leptons and scalar couplings to nucleons on the evolution of solar neutrinos. In this scenario the matter potential sourced by the nucleons in the Sun's matter gives rise to spin precession of the relativistic neutrino ensemble. As such the effects in the solar observables are different if neutrinos are Dirac or Majorana particles. For Dirac neutrinos the spin-flavour precession results into left-handed neutrino to right-handed neutrino (i.e., active-sterile) oscillations, while for Majorana neutrinos it results into left-handed neutrino to right-handed antineutrino (i.e., active-active) oscillations. In both cases this leads to distortions in the solar neutrino spectrum which we use to derive constraints on the allowed values of the mediator mass and couplings via a global analysis of the solar neutrino data. In addition for Majorana neutrinos spin-flavour precession results into a potentially observable flux of solar electron antineutrinos at the Earth which we quantify and constrain with the existing bounds from Borexino and KamLAND.

   hep-phastro-ph.SRJHEP(2024)·9 citations
2. 02*

   Quasielastic Lepton-Nucleus Scattering and the Correlated Fermi Gas Model

   Bhubanjyoti Bhattacharya🇺🇸 · Sam Carey🇺🇸 · Erez O. Cohen🇮🇱 · Gil Paz🇺🇸

   The neutrino research program in the coming decades will require improved precision. A major source of uncertainty is the interaction of neutrinos with nuclei that serve as targets for such experiments. Broadly speaking, this interaction often depends, e.g., for charge-current quasi-elastic scattering, on the combination of ``nucleon physics", expressed by form factors, and ``nuclear physics", expressed by a nuclear model. It is important to get a good handle on both. We present a fully analytic implementation of the Correlated Fermi Gas Model for electron-nucleus and charge-current quasi-elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering. The implementation is used to compare separately form factors and nuclear model effects for both electron-carbon and neutrino-carbon scattering data.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2025)·2 citations
3. 03*

   Bosonic multi-Higgs correlations beyond leading order

   Anisha🇬🇧 · Daniel Domenech🇪🇸 · Christoph Englert🇬🇧 · Maria J. Herrero🇪🇸 · Roberto A. Morales🇦🇷

   The production of multiple Higgs bosons at the LHC and beyond is a strong test of the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking. Taking inspiration from recent experimental efforts to move towards limits on triple Higgs production at the Large Hadron Collider, we consider generic bosonic deviations of $HH$ and $HHH$ production from the Standard Model in the guise of Higgs Effective Field Theory. Including one-loop radiative corrections within the HEFT and going up to $\mathcal{O}(p^4)$ in the momentum expansion, we provide a detailed motivation of the parameter range that the LHC (and future hadron colliders) can explore, through accessing non-standard coupling modifications and momentum dependencies that probe Higgs boson non-linearities. In particular, we find that radiative corrections can enhance the sensitivity to Higgs-self coupling modifiers and HEFT-specific momentum dependencies can vastly increase triple Higgs production thus providing further motivation to consider these processes during the LHC's high-luminosity phase.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2024)·16 citations
4. 04*

   The effect of anisotropy on the formation of heavy quarkonium bound states

   Margaret E. Carrington🇨🇦 · Gabor Kunstatter🇨🇦 · Arghya Mukherjee🇮🇳

   We study the real part of the static potential of a heavy quark-antiquark system in an anisotropic plasma medium. We use a quasi-particle approach where the collective dynamics of the plasma constituents is described using hard-loop perturbation theory. The parton distribution function is characterized by a set of parameters that can accurately describe the anisotropy of the plasma produced in a heavy ion collision. We calculate the potential numerically in strongly anisotropic systems and study the angular dependence of the distortion of the potential relative to the isotropic one. We obtain an analytic expression for the real part of the heavy quark potential in the limit of weak anisotropy using a model that expresses the potential in terms of effective screening masses that depend on the anisotropy parameters and the orientation of the quark-antiquark pair. A 1-dimensional potential is formulated in terms of angle averaged screening masses that incorporate the anisotropy of the medium into a radial coordinate. We solve the corresponding Schrödinger equation and show that the magnitude of the binding energy typically increases with anisotropy. Anisotropy can play an important role, especially in states with non-zero angular momentum. This means that the number of bound states that are formed could depend on specific characteristics of the anisotropy of the plasma. Our study suggests that plasma anisotropy plays an important role in the dynamics of heavy quarkonium and motivates further study.

   hep-phhep-thPRC(2024)·3 citations
5. 05*

   On supposed oscillations of differential cross sections in pp-scattering at sqrt{s} = 13 TeV

   Vladimir A. Petrov🇷🇺 · Nikolai P. Tkachenko🇷🇺

   The question of possible existence of oscillations in the region of the diffraction peak in pp-scattering is considered in detail at sqrt{s}=13 TeV. It is shown that within the framework of the available experimental data published by the TOTEM and ALFA/ATLAS collaborations, raising the question of searching for such a subtle effect looks premature.

   hep-ph3 citations
6. 06*

   NLO corrections to $J/\psi +c+\bar{c}$ photoproduction

   Qi-Ming Feng🇨🇳 · Cong-Feng Qiao🇨🇳

   Based on the factorization framework of nonrelativistic quantum chromodynamics, we study the associated $J/\psi +c+\bar{c}$ photoproduction process at next-to-leading order in ${\alpha }_s$ and leading order in the velocity expansion. The total cross section and differential cross section in $p_T^2$, $W$ and $z$ are presented. The results indicate that the next-to-leading order corrections are substantial, and testable in experiment.

   hep-phPRD(2024)·5 citations
7. 07*

   Matter Asymmetries in the $Z_N$ Dark matter -companion Models

   Shao-Long Chen🇨🇳 · Zhaofeng Kang🇨🇳 · Ze-Kun Liu🇨🇳 · Peng Zhang🇨🇳

   A class of $Z_{N\ge 3}$-symmetric WIMP dark matter models that are characterized by the semi-annihilation into the companion of dark matter has been proposed in Ref.~\cite{Guo:2021rre}, providing a mechanism to evade the stringent direct detection constraint. In this work, we point out that such models naturally provide the three Sakharov elements necessary for dark matter asymmetry, and moreover this asymmetry can be transferred to the visible sector with a proper link to the leptonic or quark sector. In our minimal $Z_3$ example, the migration to the leptonic sector is via the asymmetric companion decay into neutrinos, and the lepton asymmetry can be further transferred to the quark sector. The CP violation parameter is restrained in this model. Thus, we explore the thermal motion effect of dark matter and find that it gives an enhancement to the CP violation parameter, which is studied for the first time. A preliminary numerical analysis based on the Boltzmann equations shows that both correct relic density of dark matter and baryon asymmetry can be accommodated.

   hep-phJHEP(2024)·2 citations
8. 08*

   Incoherent Fermionic Dark Matter Absorption with Nucleon Fermi Motion

   Shao-Feng Ge🇨🇳 · Oleg Titov🇨🇳

   We investigate the incoherent regime of the fermionic dark matter absorption by nuclei using the relativistic Fermi gas model and nuclear form factors. With the momentum transfer being roughly equal to the dark matter mass $m_{\chi }$, the incoherent regime contributes significantly to the absorption process for $m_{\chi }\gtrsim 100$\,MeV with a spin-independent operator and for even smaller mass with a spin-dependent one. We also compare the situations for various target nuclei (${}^{131}$Xe, ${}^{72}$Ge, ${}^{40}$Ar, ${}^{20}$Ne and ${}^4$He) that are typically used in the dark matter direct detection. A heavier nucleus actually has the advantage of probing the incoherent scattering of the fermionic absorption dark matter. Observing both the coherent and incoherent contributions would be an important justification of the fermionic dark matter absorption.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2024)·9 citations
9. 09*

   VAIM-CFF: A variational autoencoder inverse mapper solution to Compton form factor extraction from deeply virtual exclusive reactions

   Manal Almaeen🇸🇦 · Tareq Alghamdi🇺🇸 · Brandon Kriesten🇺🇸 · Douglas Adams🇺🇸 · Yaohang Li🇺🇸 · Huey-Wen Lin🇺🇸 · Simonetta Liuti🇺🇸

   We develop a new methodology for extracting Compton form factors (CFFs) in from deeply virtual exclusive reactions such as the unpolarized DVCS cross section using a specialized inverse problem solver, a variational autoencoder inverse mapper (VAIM). The VAIM-CFF framework not only allows us access to a fitted solution set possibly containing multiple solutions in the extraction of all 8 CFFs from a single cross section measurement, but also accesses the lost information contained in the forward mapping from CFFs to cross section. We investigate various assumptions and their effects on the predicted CFFs such as cross section organization, number of extracted CFFs, use of uncertainty quantification technique, and inclusion of prior physics information. We then use dimensionality reduction techniques such as principal component analysis to visualize the missing physics information tracked in the latent space of the VAIM framework. Through re-framing the extraction of CFFs as an inverse problem, we gain access to fundamental properties of the problem not comprehensible in standard fitting methodologies: exploring the limits of the information encoded in deeply virtual exclusive experiments.

   hep-phhep-latEPJC(2025)·24 citations
10. 10*

    Exploring solutions to the muon g-2 anomaly in a 3-3-1 model under flavor constraints

    A. Doff🇧🇷 · Joao Paulo Pinheiro🇪🇸 · C. A. de S. Pires🇧🇷

    The magnetic moment of the muon can receive significant two-loop contributions from a light pseudoscalar. Notably, the spectrum of scalars of 3-3-1 models include one pseudoscalar. However this scalar spectrum inevitably gives rise to flavor-changing neutral current (FCNC) processes. In this study, we examine, within the 3-3-1 model with right-handed neutrinos, whether such spectrum of scalars can account for the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, considering the constraints imposed by $B$-meson decays, meson mixing, and invisible Higgs decays. Our principal finding reveals that a pseudoscalar with mass around 66 GeV and $\tan \beta =58$ can account for the $g-2$ anomaly without conflicting with flavor physics.

    hep-phEPJC(2025)·4 citations
11. 11*

    The Correlated Spatial Structure of the Proton: Two-body densities as a framework for dynamical imaging

    Zaki Panjsheeri🇺🇸 · Joshua Bautista🇺🇸 · Simonetta Liuti🇺🇸

    We present results on two-parton densities in coordinate space, which capture a fuller dynamical picture of the proton's internal structure, including information on the relative position between quarks and gluons in the transverse plane. The connection of such two body densities to observables proceeds in QCD via the definition of double generalized parton distributions.

    hep-phPoS(2024)·0 citations
12. 12*

    BBN catalysis by doubly charged particles

    Evgeny Akhmedov🇩🇪 · Maxim Pospelov🇺🇸

    We consider primordial nucleosynthesis in the presence of hypothetical quasi-stable doubly charged particles. Existence of $X^{--}$ with macroscopic lifetimes will lead to the formation of its bound states with ${}^4$He and other light elements, significantly facilitating the subsequent formation of lithium nuclei. From observational constraints on maximum allowable amount of lithium, that we update in this work, we derive strong constraints on the abundance and lifetime of $X^{--}$. In a likely cosmological freeze-out scenario with temperatures initially exceeding the mass of $X^{--}$, the BBN constrains the lifetime of these particles to be less than about 100 seconds. For parametrically long lifetimes, lithium abundance data constrain $X^{--}$ abundance to be less than $10^{-9}$ relative to protons, regardless of whether these particles decay or remain stable. Stable particles could saturate the dark matter density only if their mass is comparable to or in excess of $10^{10}$ GeV, and most of $X^{--}$ will be found in bound states with beryllium nuclei, so that chemically they would appear as abnormally heavy helium isotopes.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-exnucl-thJCAP(2024)·5 citations
13. 13*

    Cosmological Consequences of Unconstrained Gravity and Electromagnetism

    Loris Del Grosso🇮🇹 · David E Kaplan🇺🇸 · Tom Melia🇯🇵 · Vivian Poulin🇫🇷 · Surjeet Rajendran🇺🇸 · Tristan L Smith🇺🇸

    Motivated by the quantum description of gauge theories, we study the cosmological effects of relaxing the Hamiltonian and momentum constraints in general relativity and Gauss' law in electromagnetism. We show that the unconstrained theories have new source terms that mimic a pressureless dust and a charge density that only follows geodesics. The source terms may be the simplest explanation for dark matter and generically predict a charged component. We comment that discovery of such terms would rule out inflation and be a direct probe of the initial conditions of the universe.

    hep-phhep-th10 citations
14. 14*

    Comparative Analysis of Single Charged Particle Production in Proton-Carbon Interactions at High Energies

    R Lalnuntluanga🇮🇳 · A Giri🇮🇳

    The generation of charged pions, kaons, and protons from proton beam incident on Carbon at 31 GeV/c is calculated and compared with the results of the NA61/SHINE experiment. Predictions of the single charged particle yield by proton off the Carbon target is calculated using the Giessen Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (GiBUU) model and compared with the recent data of the EMPHATIC hadron scattering and production experiment for incident proton beam energies of 20, 30, and 120 GeV/c within $\pm$20 mrad with respect to the beam particle. We present the analysis for the single and double differential cross-sections for the produced particles at various scattering angles and conduct a comprehensive comparison with the experimental data. These studies show significant agreement with the measured data.

    ↳ hep-exhep-ph0 citations
15. 15*

    Chiral Magnetic Effect in Heavy Ion Collisions: The Present and Future

    Dmitri E. Kharzeev🇺🇸 · Jinfeng Liao🇺🇸 · Prithwish Tribedy🇺🇸

    The chiral magnetic effect (CME) is a collective quantum phenomenon that arises from the interplay between gauge field topology and fermion chiral anomaly, encompassing a wide range of physical systems from semimetals to quark-gluon plasma. This review, with a focus on CME and related effects in heavy ion collisions, aims to provide an introductory discussion on its conceptual foundation and measurement methodology, a timely update on the present status in terms of experimental findings and theoretical progress, as well as an outlook into the open problems and future developments.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-lathep-phhep-th+1IJMPE(2024)·59 citations
16. 16*

    Mixing between flavor singlets in lattice gauge theories coupled to matter fields in multiple representations

    Ed Bennett🇬🇧 · Niccolò Forzano🇬🇧 · Deog Ki Hong🇰🇷 · Ho Hsiao🇹🇼 · Jong-Wan Lee🇰🇷 · C.-J. David Lin🇹🇼 · Biagio Lucini🇬🇧 · Maurizio Piai🇬🇧 · Davide Vadacchino🇬🇧 · Fabian Zierler🇬🇧

    We provide the first extensive, numerical study of the non-trivial problem of mixing between flavor-singlet composite states emerging in strongly coupled lattice field theories with matter field content consisting of fermions transforming in different representations of the gauge group. The theory of interest is the minimal candidate for a composite Higgs model that also accommodates a mechanism for top partial compositeness: the $Sp(4)$ gauge theory coupled to two (Dirac) fermions transforming as the fundamental and three as the two-index antisymmetric representation of the gauge group, respectively. We apply an admixture of APE and Wuppertal smearings, as well as the generalized eigenvalue problem approach, to two-point functions involving flavor-singlet mesons, for ensembles having time extent longer than the space extent. We demonstrate that, in the region of lattice parameter space accessible to this study, both masses and mixing angles can be measured effectively, despite the presence of (numerically noisy) contributions from disconnected diagrams.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPRD(2024)·20 citations
17. 17*

    Probing CPV mixing in the Higgs sector in VBF at 1 TeV ILC

    N. Vukašinović🇷🇸 · I. Božović-Jelisavčić🇷🇸 · G. Kačarević🇷🇸 · I. Smiljanić🇷🇸 · I. Vidaković🇷🇸

    With the current precision of measurements by the ATLAS and CMS experiments, it cannot be excluded that a SM-like Higgs boson is a CP violating mixture of CP-even and CP-odd states. We explore this possibility here, assuming Higgs boson production in ZZ-fusion, at 1 TeV ILC, with unpolarized beams. The full simulation of SM background and fast simulation of the signal is performed, simulating 8 ab${}^{-1}$ of data collected with the ILD detector. We demonstrate that the CP mixing angle ${\Psi }_{\mathrm{CP}}$ between scalar and pseudoscalar states can be measured with the statistical uncertainty of 3.8 mrad at 68% CL, corresponding to 1.44 $\cdot 10^{-5}$ for the CP parameter $f_{\mathrm{CP}}$, for the pure scalar state. This is the first result on sensitivity of an $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collider to measure $f_{\mathrm{CP}}$ in the Higgs production vertex in vector boson fusion.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phPRD(2024)·8 citations
18. 18*

    Non-perturbative determination of the $N_f=2+1$ QCD sphaleron rate

    Claudio Bonanno🇪🇸 · Francesco D'Angelo🇮🇹 · Massimo D'Elia🇮🇹 · Manuel Naviglio🇮🇹 · Lorenzo Maio🇫🇷

    The strong sphaleron rate, i.e., the rate of real time QCD topological transitions, is a key phenomenological quantity, playing a fundamental role in several physical contexts. In heavy-ion collisions, a non-vanishing rate can lead to the so-called Chiral Magnetic Effect. In early-Universe cosmology, instead, it can be related to the rate of thermal production of QCD axions. In this talk, we present the first reliable fully non-perturbative computation of the strong sphaleron rate in $N_f=2+1$ QCD at the physical point by means of lattice simulations, in a range of temperatures going from 200 MeV to 600 MeV. Our strategy is based on the inversion of lattice correlators via a recently-proposed modified version of the Backus-Gilbert method.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phhep-th0 citations
19. 19*

    In-medium changes of nucleon cross sections tested in neutrino-induced reactions

    B. Bogart🇺🇸 · K. Gallmeister🇩🇪 · U. Mosel🇩🇪

    Historically studied in the context of heavy-ion collisions, the extent to which free nucleon-nucleon cross sections are modified in-medium remains undetermined by these data sets. Therefore, we investigate the impact of NN in-medium modifications on neutrino-nucleus cross section predictions using the GiBUU transport model. We find that including an in-medium lowering of the NN cross section and density dependence on $\Delta$ excitation improves agreement with MicroBooNE neutrino-argon scattering data. This is observed for both proton and neutral pion spectra in charged-current muon neutrino and neutral-current single pion production datasets. The impact of collision broadening of the $\Delta$ resonance is also investigated. The absence of $\Delta$ broadening is slightly favored, but the larger uncertainties on the pion production data prevent definitive conclusions.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phnucl-exnucl-thPRC(2024)·10 citations
20. 20*

    Exploring Dark Forces with Multimessenger Studies of Extreme Mass Ratio Inspirals

    Badal Bhalla🇺🇸 · Kuver Sinha🇺🇸 · Tao Xu🇺🇸

    The exploration of dark sector interactions via gravitational waves (GWs) from binary inspirals has been a subject of recent interest. We study dark forces using extreme mass ratio inspirals (EMRIs), pointing out two issues of interest. Firstly, the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) of the EMRI, which sets the characteristic length scale of the system and hence the dark force range to which it exhibits enhanced sensitivity, probes force mediator masses that complement those studied with supermassive black hole (SMBH) or neutron star binaries. The LISA mission (the proposed $\mu$Ares detector) will probe mediators with masses $m_V\sim 10^{-16}\mathrm{eV}$ ($m_V\sim 10^{-18}\mathrm{eV}$), corresponding to ISCOs of $10^6{M}_{\odot }$ ($10^8{M}_{\odot }$) central SMBHs. Secondly, while the sensitivity to dark couplings is typically limited by the uncertainty in the binary component masses, independent mass measurements of the central SMBH through reverberation mapping campaigns or the motion of dynamical tracers enable one to break this degeneracy. Our results, therefore, highlight the necessity for coordinated studies, loosely referred to as "multimessenger", between future $\mu \mathrm{Hz}-\mathrm{mHz}$ GW observatories and ongoing and forthcoming SMBH mass measurement campaigns, including OzDES-RM, SDSS-RM, and SDSS-V Black Hole Mapper.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2024)·5 citations
21. 21*

    Daily modulations and broadband strategy in axion searches. An application with CAST-CAPP detector

    F. Caspers🇫🇷 · C. M. Adair🇨🇦 · K. Altenmüller🇪🇸 · V. Anastassopoulos🇬🇷 · S. Arguedas Cuendis🇨🇭 · J. Baier🇩🇪 · K. Barth🇨🇭 · A. Belov · D. Bozicevic🇭🇷 · H. Bräuninger🇩🇪 · G. Cantatore🇮🇹 · J. F. Castel🇪🇸 and 51 other authors

    It has been previously advocated that the presence of the daily and annual modulations of the axion flux on the Earth's surface may dramatically change the strategy of the axion searches. The arguments were based on the so-called Axion Quark Nugget (AQN) dark matter model which was originally put forward to explain the similarity of the dark and visible cosmological matter densities ${\Omega }_{\mathrm{dark}}\sim {\Omega }_{\mathrm{visible}}$. In this framework, the population of galactic axions with mass $10^{-6}\mathrm{eV}\lesssim m_a\lesssim 10^{-3}\mathrm{eV}$ and velocity $⟨v_a⟩\sim 10^{-3}c$ will be accompanied by axions with typical velocities $⟨v_a⟩\sim 0.6c$ emitted by AQNs. Furthermore, in this framework, it has also been argued that the AQN-induced axion daily modulation (in contrast with the conventional WIMP paradigm) could be as large as $(10-20)\%$, which represents the main motivation for the present investigation. We argue that the daily modulations along with the broadband detection strategy can be very useful tools for the discovery of such relativistic axions. The data from the CAST-CAPP detector have been used following such arguments. Unfortunately, due to the dependence of the amplifier chain on temperature-dependent gain drifts and other factors, we could not conclusively show the presence or absence of a dark sector-originated daily modulation. However, this proof of principle analysis procedure can serve as a reference for future studies.

    ↳ hep-exastro-ph.IMhep-phphysics.ins-detPRD(2025)·6 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.