Fri·May 3, 2024Friday·May 3, 2024

1. 01*

   Astrophysical constraints from synchrotron emission on very massive decaying dark matter

   Pankaj Munbodh🇺🇸 · Stefano Profumo🇺🇸

   If the cosmological dark matter (DM) couples to Standard Model (SM) fields, it can decay promptly to SM states in a highly energetic hard process, which subsequently showers and hadronizes to give stable particles including $e^{\pm }$, $\gamma$, $p^{\pm }$ and $\nu \bar{\nu }$ at lower energy. If the DM particle is very heavy, the high-energy $e^{\pm }$, due to the Klein-Nishina cross section suppression, preferentially lose energy via synchrotron emission which, in turn, can be of unusually high energies. Here, we present previously unexplored bounds on heavy decaying DM up to the Planck scale, by studying the synchrotron emission from the $e^{\pm }$ produced in the ambient Galactic magnetic field. In particular, we explore the sensitivity of the resulting constraints on the DM decay width to (i) different SM decay channels, to (ii) the Galactic magnetic field configurations, and (iii) to various different DM density profiles proposed in the literature. We find that constraints from the synchrotron component complement and improve on constraints from very high-energy cosmic-ray and gamma-ray observatories targeting the prompt emission when the DM is sufficiently massive, most significantly for masses in excess of $10^{12}\text{ GeV}$.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEPRD(2024)·14 citations
2. 02*

   Production of dileptonic bound states in the Higgs boson decay

   F. A. Martynenko🇷🇺 · A. P. Martynenko🇷🇺 · A. V. Eskin🇷🇺

   The production of single and paired lepton bound states in the decay of the Higgs boson has been studied. We explore different decay mechanisms that contribute significantly to the decay width. The decay widths are calculated taking into account relativistic corrections in the decay amplitude and in the wave function of the bound state of leptons.

   hep-phPRD(2024)·12 citations
3. 03*

   Aspects of Modular Flavor Symmetries

   Michael Ratz🇺🇸

   Modular flavor symmetries refers to scenarios in which fermion masses respect modular symmetries. Such scenarios have been studied in the bottom-up approach and have an explicit realization in string theory. They rely on the remarkable properties of vector-valued modular forms.

   hep-phhep-th0 citations
4. 04*

   Beyond the Standard Model: An overview

   Howard Baer🇺🇸

   At present, the Standard Model (SM) agrees with almost all collider data. Yet, three finetuning issues -- the Higgs mass problem, the strong CP problem and the cosmological constant problem -- all call for new physics. The most plausible solutions at present are weak scale SUSY, the PQWW axion and the string landscape. A re-evaluation of EW finetuning in SUSY allows for a higgsino-like LSP and naturalness upper bounds well beyond LHC limits. Rather general arguments from string theory allow for statistical predictions that m_h~ 125 GeV with sparticles beyond present LHC limits. The most lucrative LHC search channel may be for light higgsino pair production. Dark matter turns out to be a SUSY DFSZ axion along with a diminished abundance of higgsino-like WIMPs.

   hep-ph1 citation
5. 05*

   $U_A(1)$ symmetry breaking quark interactions from vacuum polarization

   Fabio L. Braghin🇧🇷

   By considering the one loop background field method for a quark-antiquark interaction, mediated by one (non perturbative) gluon exchange, sixth order quark effective interactions are derived and investigated in the limit of zero momentum transfer for large quark and/or gluon effective masses. They extend fourth order quark interactions worked out in previous works of the author. These interactions break $U_A(1)$ symmetry and may be either momentum independent or dependent. Part of these interactions vanish in the limit of massless quarks, and several other -- involving vector and/or axial quark currents -- survive. In the local limit of the resulting interactions, some phenomenological implications are presented, which correspond to corrections to the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. By means of the auxiliary field method, the local interactions give rise to three meson interactions whose values are compared to phenomenological values found in the literature. Contributions for meson-mixing parameters are calculated and compared to available results.

   hep-phhep-thnucl-thEPJA(2024)·7 citations
6. 06*

   Confronting MSSM flat direction inflation with Planck/BICEP data

   Naoyuki Haba🇯🇵 · Yasuhiro Shimizu🇯🇵 · Yoshihiro Tanabe🇯🇵 · Toshifumi Yamada🇯🇵

   We study the scenario of inflection point inflation where a flat direction of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) is identified with the inflaton. Specifically, we consider in full generality the cases where a MSSM flat direction is lifted by a higher-dimensional superpotential whose dimension is n = 4, 5, 6, 7, 9. We confront the inflection point inflation scenarios with various n with the Planck and BICEP data, and thereby constrain the soft SUSY breaking mass and the coefficient of the higher-dimensional operator that lifts the flat direction.

   hep-phPTEP(2024)·2 citations
7. 07*

   Right-handed neutrino dark matter in $U(1{)}_X$SSM

   Ming-Yue Liu🇨🇳 · Shu-Min Zhao🇨🇳 · Song Gao🇨🇳 · Long Ruan🇨🇳 · Tai-Fu Feng🇨🇳

   There is strong evidence for the existence of dark matter in a number of current experiments. We study dark matter using the $U(1{)}_X$SSM obtained from the $U(1{)}_X$ extension of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM). In the $U(1{)}_X$SSM, we use the right-handed neutrino as a dark matter candidate, whose lightest mass eigenstate has cold dark matter features. In this paper, the relic density of right-handed neutrino as dark matter is investigated. For dark matter scattering, both spin-independent and spin-dependent cross sections are studied. In the final numerical results obtained, some parameter spaces can satisfy the constraints of the relic density and dark matter direct detection experiments.

   hep-phJ.Phys.G(2025)·4 citations
8. 08*

   Mass generation via nonlinear massive solution in Higgs potential and particle creations

   Yoshio Kitadono🇹🇼 · Tomohiro Inagaki🇯🇵

   The nonlinear massive plane wave solution of the classical scalar field in the Higgs potential is revisited to study the mass generation and particle creation. In particular, by assuming that the Higgs system is in the slightly excited state in early universe and it is described by the nonlinear solution, we study the mass generation mechanism for massive vector bosons and a heavy fermion in the quantum field theory around the nonlinear massive classical field. The nonlinear massive classical solution gives the transition from the vacuum to a pair of vector bosons and fermions. We present the new formulae of the probability density of the production process for particles in the standard model of elementary particle physics. The probability densities of the particle productions vanish when the nonlinear massive solution reduces to the constant solution (the classical vacuum expectation value); while the probability densities are expressed as the function of the free parameter in the classical solution in general case. We discuss the behavior of the probability densities for the three oscillating modes in the classical solution.

   hep-phPLB(2024)·2 citations
9. 09*

   Assignment of charmed-strange $D_{s0}(2590{)}^{+}$ and $D_{sJ}(3040{)}^{+}$

   Zi-Han Jiang🇨🇳 · Ailin Zhang🇨🇳

   Based on analyses of the mass and the strong decay features, $D_{s0}(2590{)}^{+}$ observed by LHCb collaboration is identified as a radial excitation of the pseudoscalar $D_s$, and $D_{sJ}(3040{)}^{+}$ observed by BaBar collaboration is identified as a radial excitation of $D_{s1}(2536{)}^{\pm }$. $D_{s0}(2590{)}^{+}$ is possibly a pure $D_s(2{}^1{S}_0)$ meson, both basic $D_{s1}(2536{)}^{\pm }$ and radially excited $D_{sJ}(3040{)}^{+}$ are possibly the mixtures $D_s(n{P}_1)$ between spin triplet $D_s(n{}^3{P}_1)$ and spin singlet $D_s(n{}^1{P}_1)$. In this arrangement, their masses meet the linear behavior of the radial Regge trajectory very well. In the ${}^3{P}_0$ strong decay model, the decay channels of $D_{s0}(2590{)}^{+}$ are $D^{\ast 0}{K}^{+}$ and $D^{\ast +}{K}^0$, the total decay width is predicted with $\Gamma =76.12$ MeV. The main decay channels of $D_{sJ}(3040{)}^{+}$ are $D^{\ast 0}{K}^{+}$/$D^{\ast +}{K}^0$ and $D^{\ast 0}{K}^{\ast +}$/$D^{\ast +}{K}^{\ast 0}$, the total decay width is predicted with $\Gamma =283.46$ MeV. These numerical strong decay results are consistent with the experiment data and support our arrangement. The dimensionless strength creation parameter $\gamma$ plays an important role in the calculation, and $\gamma =9.57$ is fixed through a comparison of the predicted strong decay widths of $D_{s2}^{\ast }(2573)$ and $D_{s3}^{\ast }(2860{)}^{\pm }$ with experimental data.

   hep-phNPA(2024)·3 citations
10. 10*

    Approaching the conformal limit of quark matter with different chemical potentials

    Connor Brown🇺🇸 · Veronica Dexheimer🇺🇸 · Rafael Bán Jacobsen🇧🇷 · Ricardo Luciano Sonego Farias🇧🇷

    We study in detail the influence of different chemical potentials (baryon, charged, strange, and neutrino) on how and how fast a free gas of quarks in the zero-temperature limit reaches the conformal limit. We discuss the influence of non-zero masses, the inclusion of leptons, and different constraints, such as charge neutrality, zero-net strangeness, and fixed lepton fraction. We also investigate for the first time how the symmetry energy of the system under some of these conditions approaches the conformal limit. Finally, we briefly discuss what kind of corrections are expected from perturbative QCD as one goes away from the conformal limit.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEastro-ph.SRhep-th+1Symmetry(2024)·4 citations
11. 11*

    Probing the structure of $X(3872)$ in photoproduction

    E. Ya. Paryev🇷🇺

    We study the production of $X(3872)$ mesons in photon-induced nuclear reactions near the threshold within the collision model based on the nuclear spectral function. The model accounts for direct photon-nucleon $X(3872)$ production processes as well as five different scenarios for their internal structure. We calculate the absolute and relative excitation functions for $X(3872)$ production off ${}^{12}$C and ${}^{184}$W target nuclei at near-threshold incident photon energies of 8--16 GeV, the absolute differential cross sections for their production off these target nuclei at laboratory angles of 0${}^{\circ }$--10${}^{\circ }$ and for incident photon energy of 13 GeV as well as the A dependences of the relative (transparency ratios) cross sections for $X(3872)$ production from $\gamma A$ collisions at photon energies around 13 GeV within the adopted scenarios for the $X(3872)$ meson internal structure. We show that the absolute and relative observables considered reveal distinct sensitivity to these scenarios. Therefore, the measurement of such observables in a dedicated experiment at the CEBAF facility in the near-threshold energy range will allow us to get valuable information on the $X(3872)$ inner structure.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-exNPA(2024)·5 citations
12. 12*

    Vector dark matter and LHC constraints, including a 95 GeV light Higgs boson

    Seyed Yaser Ayazi🇮🇷 · Mojtaba Hosseini🇮🇷 · Saeid Paktinat Mehdiabadi🇮🇷 · Rouzbeh Rouzbehi🇮🇷

    We study LHC searches for an extension of the Standard Model (SM) by exploiting an additional Abelian $U_D(1)$ gauge symmetry and a complex scalar Higgs portal. As the scalar is charged under this gauge symmetry, a vector dark matter (VDM) candidate can satisfy the observed relic abundance and limits from direct dark matter (DM) searches. The ATLAS and CMS experiments have developed a broad search program for the DM candidates, including associate production of Higgs boson, $Z$ boson, and top quark that couple to DM. In this paper, we perform an extensive analysis to constrain the model by using these experiments at LHC. It can be seen that the LHC results can exclude some parts of the parameter space that are still allowed by relic density and the direct detection searches. Using the LHC results, all scalar Higgs portal masses are excluded for the light VDM. Furthermore, exclusion limits on the parameter space of the model by using the new results of the CMS and ATLAS Collaborations for a new light Higgs boson with mass $\sim 95\mathrm{GeV}$ are provided.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2024)·23 citations
13. 13*

    Particle-theory input for neutron-star physics

    Aleksi Vuorinen🇫🇮

    Understanding the properties and physical phase of the dense strongly interacting matter present in the cores of neutron stars or created in their binary mergers remains one of the most prominent open problems in nuclear astrophysics. While most microscopic analyses have historically relied on solvable phenomenological models of nuclear and quark matter, in recent years a model-independent approach utilizing only controlled ab-initio calculations and astrophysical observations has emerged as a viable alternative. In these lecture notes, I review recent progress in first-principles weak-coupling calculations within high-density quark matter, shedding light on its thermodynamic and transport properties. I cover the most important technical tools used in such calculations, introduce selected highlight results, and explain how this information can be used in phenomenological studies of neutron-star physics. The notes do not offer a self-consistent treatment of the topics covered, but rather aim at filling gaps in existing textbooks on thermal field theory and at connecting the dots in a story developed in several recent research articles, to which the interested reader is directed for further technical details.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEnucl-thActa Phys.Polon.B(2024)·8 citations
14. 14*

    Numerical implementation of evolution equations for twist-3 collinear PDFs

    Simone Rodini🇩🇪 · Lorenzo Rossi🇮🇹 · Alexey Vladimirov🇪🇸

    Twist-3 collinear parton distribution functions (PDFs) are matrix elements of quark-gluon-quark or three-gluons light-cone operators. They depend on three momentum fraction variables, which are restricted to a hexagon region, and the evolution kernels are defined via two-dimensional convolution in these variables. We present the numerical realisation of the twist-3 evolution equations at leading order in the strong coupling for all kinds of twist-3 PDF (quark, gluon, chiral-even/odd, etc). We provide two independent codes (in C and Fortran) that have been extensively cross-checked, and are ready-to-use. We supplement the paper with a review of known properties of twist-3 PDFs.

    hep-phEPJC(2024)·12 citations
15. 15*

    Signature decay modes of the compact doubly-heavy tetraquarks $T_{bb\bar{u}\bar{d}}$ and $T_{bc\bar{u}\bar{d}}$

    Ahmed Ali🇩🇪 · Ishtiaq Ahmed🇵🇰 · Muhammad Jamil Aslam🇵🇰

    Based on the expectations that the lowest-lying doubly-bottom tetraquark $T_{bb\bar{u}\bar{d}}$ ($J^P=1^{+}$) and the bottom-charm tetraquark $T_{bc\bar{u}\bar{d}}$ ($J^P=0^{+}$) are stable against strong and electromagnetic decays, we work out a number of semileptonic and non-leptonic weak decays of these hadrons, making use of the heavy quark symmetry. In doing this, we concentrate on the exclusive decays involving also tetraquarks in the final states, i.e., transitions such as $T_{bb\bar{u}\bar{d}}\to T_{bc\bar{u}\bar{d}}({\ell }^{-}{\nu }_{\ell },h^{-})$ and $T_{bc\bar{u}\bar{d}}\to T_{cc\bar{u}\bar{d}}({\ell }^{-}{\nu }_{\ell },h^{-})$, where $h^{-}={\pi }^{-},{\rho }^{-},a_1^{-},D_s^{-},D_s^{\ast -}$. So far, only the $J^P=1^{+}$ tetraquark $T_{cc\bar{u}\bar{d}}$ has been discovered, which we identify with the $I=0$ $T_{cc}^{+}$ object, compatible with $J^P=1^{+}$ and having the pole mass relative to the $D^{\ast +}{D}^0$ mass threshold and decay widths $\delta m=M(T_{cc}^{+})-(M(D^{\ast +})+M(D^0))=-360\pm 40_{-0}^{+4}$ keV and $\Gamma (T_{cc}^{+})=48_{-14}^{+2}$ keV. Experimental discoveries of the transitions worked out here, and related ones involving doubly-heavy baryons, will quantify the diquark-antidiquark component of these tetraquarks.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latPLB(2024)·3 citations
16. 16*

    Nonperturbative study of the electroweak phase transition in the real scalar singlet extended Standard Model

    Lauri Niemi🇫🇮 · Michael J. Ramsey-Musolf🇨🇳 · Guotao Xia🇨🇳

    We perform a nonperturbative lattice study of the electroweak phase transition in the real singlet scalar extension of the Standard Model.We consider both the heavy and light singlet-like scalar regimes at non-zero singlet-doublet mixing angle. After reviewing features of the lattice method relevant for phase transition studies, we analyze the dependence of phase transition thermodynamics on phenomenologically relevant parameters. In the heavy singlet-like scalar regime, we find that the transition is crossover for small doublet-singlet mixing angles, despite the presence of an energy barrier in the tree-level potential. The transition becomes first order for sufficiently large mixing angles. We find two-loop perturbation theory to agree closely with the lattice results for all thermodynamical quantities considered here (critical temperature, order parameter discontinuity, latent heat) when the transition is strongly first order. For the light singlet-like scalar regime relevant to exotic Higgs decays, we update previous one-loop perturbative results using the two-loop loop dimensionally reduced effective field theory and assess the nature of the transition with lattice simulations at set of benchmark parameter points. For fixed singlet-like scalar mass the transition becomes crossover when the magnitude of the Higgs-singlet portal coupling is small. We perform our simulations in the high-temperature effective theory, which we briefly review, and present analytic expressions for the relevant lattice-continuum relations.

    hep-phhep-latPRD(2024)·53 citations
17. 17*

    Revisiting the fermion-field nontopological solitons

    Ke-Pan Xie🇨🇳

    Nontopological fermionic solitons exist across a diverse range of particle physics models and have rich cosmological implications. This study establishes a general framework for calculating fermionic soliton profiles under arbitrary scalar potentials, utilizing relativistic mean field theory to accurately depict the interaction between the fermion condensate and the background scalar field. Within this framework, the conventional fermion bound states are revealed as a subset of fermionic solitons. In addition, we demonstrate how the analytical formulae in previous studies are derived as special cases of our algorithm, discussing the validity of such approximations. Furthermore, we explore the phenomenology of fermionic solitons, highlighting new formation mechanisms and evolution paths, and reconsidering the possibility of collapse into primordial black holes.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2024)·15 citations
18. 18*

    Automatic generation of helicity amplitudes in Feynman-Diagram gauge

    Kaoru Hagiwara🇯🇵 · Junichi Kanzaki🇯🇵 · Olivier Mattelaer🇧🇪 · Kentarou Mawatari🇯🇵 · Ya-Juan Zheng🇯🇵

    We develop a method to calculate helicity amplitudes of an arbitrary tree-level process in Feynman-Diagram (FD) gauge for an arbitrary gauge model with MadGraph5_aMC@NLO. We start from the 't Hooft-Feynman gauge Lagrangian in FeynRules and generate scattering amplitudes by identifying the Goldstone boson as the $5^{\mathrm{th}}$ component of each weak boson. All the vertices of the 5-component weak bosons are then created automatically by assembling the relevant weak boson and Goldstone boson vertices in the Feynman gauge. The 5-component weak boson vertices are then connected by the $5\times 5$ matrix propagator in the FD gauge. As a demonstration of the method we calculate the cross section for the process ${\mu }^{-}{\mu }^{+}\to {\nu }_{\mu }{\bar{\nu }}_{\mu }t\bar{t}H$ with complex top Yukawa coupling, which can be obtained by adding a gauge invariant dimension-6 operator to the Standard Model (SM) Lagrangian. The FD gauge and the unitary (U) gauge amplitudes give exactly the same cross section, and subtle gauge theory cancellation among diagrams in the U gauge at high energies is absent in the FD gauge, as has been observed for various SM processes. In addition, we find that the total cross sections at high energies are dominated by a single, or a set of non-vanishing Feynman amplitudes with the higher dimensional vertices in the FD gauge.

    hep-phPRD(2024)·10 citations
19. 19*

    High-precision prediction for multi-scale processes at the LHC

    Rene Poncelet🇵🇱

    Comparisons of higher-order predictions within the Standard Model of Particle Physics (SM) to data are central to high-energy collider experiments like the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Processes with multiple kinematic scales, such as multi-jet and prompt photon production, provide a unique possibility for probing Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). These processes directly test perturbative QCD and can be used to extract fundamental parameters like the strong coupling constant and to search for BSM physics. Recent developments enabled lifting three-jet, photon plus two-jet, photon-pair plus jet, and three-photon cross-sections to QCD's next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO). This contribution presents phenomenological results at NNLO QCD for three-jet and photon plus two-jet production.

    hep-ph0 citations
20. 20*

    New upper bound of muon neutrino mass in a short-baseline experiment

    A. M. Attia🇭🇺 · I. G. Márián🇭🇺 · B. Ujvári🇭🇺

    In the paper Int.J.Mod.Phys.E 23 (2014) 1450004, the potential of short-baseline experiments was proposed to measure the mass (and parameters of Lorentz-violating effects) of the muon neutrino, where a roughly estimated upper bound of 420 eV was given as a possibility with large unknown uncertainties. In the present work, we improve upon this study by focusing on a feasible and improved experimental setup with today's technology, eliminating most large uncertainties, with the use of the Geant4 simulation toolkit. High-energy protons collide with a tungsten target, producing a variety of particles, most importantly pions that decay into muon neutrinos. The detector records the time of flight for both muon and anti-muon neutrinos, utilizing light as a reference signal. Additionally, it captures the energy deposited by neutrinos. By applying the dispersion relation, we determine the muon and/or anti-muon neutrino mass. Our improved results reveal a less optimistic but more accurate and realistic estimated upper bound of the muon neutrino mass, providing a new limit of about 150 keV. Notably, this finding is a factor of three lower than the best upper bound previously established in the literature originating from pion decay in flight.

    hep-ph1 citation
21. 21*

    No $\nu$s is Good News

    Nathaniel Craig🇺🇸 · Daniel Green🇺🇸 · Joel Meyers🇺🇸 · Surjeet Rajendran🇺🇸

    The baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) analysis from the first year of data from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), when combined with data from the cosmic microwave background (CMB), has placed an upper-limit on the sum of neutrino masses, $\sum m_{\nu }<70$ meV (95%). In addition to excluding the minimum sum associated with the inverted hierarchy, the posterior is peaked at $\sum m_{\nu }=0$ and is close to excluding even the minumum sum, 58 meV at 2$\sigma$. In this paper, we explore the implications of this data for cosmology and particle physics. The sum of neutrino mass is determined in cosmology from the suppression of clustering in the late universe. Allowing the clustering to be enhanced, we extended the DESI analysis to $\sum m_{\nu }<0$ and find $\sum m_{\nu }=-160\pm 90$ meV (68%), and that the suppression of power from the minimum sum of neutrino masses is excluded at 99% confidence. We show this preference for negative masses makes it challenging to explain the result by a shift of cosmic parameters, such as the optical depth or matter density. We then show how a result of $\sum m_{\nu }=0$ could arise from new physics in the neutrino sector, including decay, cooling, and/or time-dependent masses. These models are consistent with current observations but imply new physics that is accessible in a wide range of experiments. In addition, we discuss how an apparent signal with $\sum m_{\nu }<0$ can arise from new long range forces in the dark sector or from a primordial trispectrum that resembles the signal of CMB lensing.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phhep-thJHEP(2024)·152 citations
22. 22*

    Echo-free quality factor of a multilayer axion haloscope

    Juan F. Hernández-Cabrera · Javier De Miguel · E. Hernández-Suárez · Enrique Joven · H. Lorenzo-Hernández · Chiko Otani · J. Alberto Rubiño-Martín · Konstantin Zioutas (on behalf of the DALI Collaboration)

    We report a methodology to determine the quality factor ($Q$) in implementations of the so-called dielectric haloscope, a new concept of wavy dark matter detector equipped with a multilayered resonator. An anechoic chamber enables the observation of the resonance frequency and its amplitude for an unlimited series of layers for the first time, which is conveniently filtered. The frequency-normalized power enhancement measured in a Dark-photons \& Axion-Like particles Interferometer (DALI) prototype is a few hundred per layer over a sweep bandwidth of half a hundred MHz. In light of this result, this scaled-down prototype is sensitive to axions saturating the local dark matter density with a coupling to photons between $g_{a\gamma \gamma }\gtrsim 10^{-12}$ GeV${}^{-1}$ and $g_{a\gamma \gamma }\gtrsim$ few $\times 10^{-14}$ GeV${}^{-1}$ at frequencies of several dozens of GHz once cooled down to the different working temperatures of the experiment and immersed in magnetic fields ranging from 1 T to 10 T; while the sensitivity of the full-scale DALI is projected at $g_{a\gamma \gamma }\gtrsim \mathrm{few}\times 10^{-15}$ GeV${}^{-1}$ over the entire 25--250 {\mu}eV range since $Q\gtrsim 10^4$ is expected.

    ↳ hep-exastro-ph.COastro-ph.IMhep-phPRD(2024)·3 citations
23. 23*

    Supersymmetric Expansion Algorithm and complete analytical solution for the Hulthén and anharmonic potentials

    M. Napsuciale🇲🇽 · S. Rodríguez🇲🇽 · M. Kirchbach🇲🇽

    An algorithm for providing analytical solutions to Schrödinger's equation with non-exactly solvable potentials is elaborated. It represents a symbiosis between the logarithmic expansion method and the techniques of the superymmetric quantum mechanics as extended toward non shape invariant potentials. The complete solution to a given Hamiltonian $H_0$ is obtained from the nodeless states of the Hamiltonian $H_0$ and of a set of supersymmetric partners $H_1,H_2,...,H_r$. The nodeless states (dubbed "edge" states) are unique and in general can be ground or excited states. They are solved using the logarithmic expansion which yields an infinite systems of coupled first order hierarchical differential equations, converted later into algebraic equations with recurrence relations which can be solved order by order. We formulate the aforementioned scheme, termed to as "Supersymmetric Expansion Algorithm'' step by step and apply it to obtain for the first time the complete analytical solutions of the three dimensional Hulthén--, and the one-dimensional anharmonic oscillator potentials.

    ↳ quant-phhep-phPTEP(2024)·3 citations
24. 24*

    Meson spectroscopy from spectral densities in lattice gauge theories

    Ed Bennett🇬🇧 · Luigi Del Debbio🇬🇧 · Niccolò Forzano🇬🇧 · Ryan C. Hill🇬🇧 · Deog Ki Hong🇰🇷 · Ho Hsiao🇹🇼 · Jong-Wan Lee🇰🇷 · C.-J. David Lin🇹🇼 · Biagio Lucini🇬🇧 · Alessandro Lupo🇫🇷 · Maurizio Piai🇬🇧 · Davide Vadacchino🇬🇧 · Fabian Zierler🇬🇧

    Spectral densities encode non-perturbative information that enters the calculation of a plethora of physical observables in strongly coupled field theories. Phenomenological applications encompass aspects of standard-model hadronic physics, observable at current colliders, as well as correlation functions characterizing new physics proposals, testable in future experiments. By making use of numerical data produced in a Sp(4) lattice gauge theory with matter transforming in an admixture of fundamental and 2-index antisymmetric representations of the gauge group, we perform a systematic study to demonstrate the effectiveness of recent technological progress in the reconstruction of spectral densities. To this purpose, we write and test new software packages that use energy-smeared spectral densities to analyze the mass spectrum of mesons. We assess the effectiveness of different smearing kernels and optimize the smearing parameters to the characteristics of available lattice ensembles. We generate new ensembles for the theory in consideration, with lattices that have a longer extent in the time direction with respect to the spatial ones. We run our tests on these ensembles, obtaining new results about the spectrum of light mesons and their excitations. We make available our algorithm and software for the extraction of spectral densities, that can be applied to theories with other gauge groups, including the theory of strong interactions (QCD) governing hadronic physics in the standard model.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPRD(2024)·36 citations
25. 25*

    Cutting corners: Hypersphere sampling as a new standard for cosmological emulators

    Andreas Nygaard🇩🇰 · Emil Brinch Holm🇩🇰 · Steen Hannestad🇩🇰 · Thomas Tram🇩🇰

    Cosmological emulators of observables such as the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) spectra and matter power spectra commonly use training data sampled from a Latin hypercube. This method often incurs high computational costs by covering less relevant parts of the parameter space, especially in high dimensions where only a small fraction of the parameter space yields a significant likelihood. In this paper, we introduce hypersphere sampling, which instead concentrates sample points in regions with higher likelihoods, significantly enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of emulators. A novel algorithm for sampling within a high-dimensional hyperellipsoid aligned with axes of correlation in the cosmological parameters is presented. This method focuses the distribution of training data points on areas of the parameter space that are most relevant to the models being tested, thereby avoiding the computational redundancies common in Latin hypercube approaches. Comparative analysis using the \textsc{connect} emulation tool demonstrates that hypersphere sampling can achieve similar or improved emulation precision with more than an order of magnitude fewer data points and thus less computational effort than traditional methods. This was tested for both the $\Lambda$CDM model and a 5-parameter extension including Early Dark Energy, massive neutrinos, and additional ultra-relativistic degrees of freedom. Our results suggest that hypersphere sampling holds potential as a more efficient approach for cosmological emulation, particularly suitable for complex, high-dimensional models.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.IMhep-phJCAP(2024)·5 citations
26. 26*

    Inflationary thermal Krylov complexity

    Tao Li🇨🇳 · Lei-Hua Liu🇨🇳

    This work explores thermal Krylov complexity and thermal K-entropy of primordial perturbations under three comoving momentum correction frameworks, including canonical scalar field inflation (standard inflation), non-trivial sound speed, and the modified dispersion relations. Adopting the thermal field double state purification, we derive the thermal wave function and obtain the evolutions of effective temperature and squeezed angle, and further compare the quantum information dynamics of closed and open thermal quantum systems. The numerical results indicate that comoving momentum suppresses the growth of Krylov observables in standard inflation. In the non-trivial sound speed model, larger correction strength enhances their oscillatory behaviors, while the ultraviolet correction in the modified dispersion relation model induces stage-dependent oscillations. By analyzing the Lanczos coefficient and dissipation strength, we find that system dissipation suppresses quantum coherent oscillations. Continuous oscillations only emerge for larger non-trivial sound speed, whereas modified dispersion relations yield monotonic evolution. These distinct signatures provide effective quantum information probes for discriminating quantum gravity corrections in inflationary cosmology.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-ph+111 citations
27. 27*

    The Effect of a Dark Matter Core on the Structure of a Rotating Neutron Star

    Andreas Konstantinou🇨🇾

    Neutron stars represent unique laboratories, offering insights into the physics of supranuclear-density matter and serving as potential hosts for dark matter. This study explores the impact of dark matter cores on rapidly rotating neutron stars through the two-fluid approximation, assuming minimal interaction between baryonic matter and dark matter. The investigation employs phenomenological models for fermionic and bosonic dark matter, revealing that universal relations governing mass and radius changes due to rotation remain largely unaffected in the presence of a dark matter core. Specifically, for a 5 % dark matter mass fraction, the percent deviations in total mass ($M_{tot}$), the baryonic equatorial radius ($R_{Be}$), and polar-to-equatorial baryonic radius ratio ($R_{ratioB}$) are within 3.9 %, 1.8 %, and 1.4 %, respectively. These findings suggest that the universal relations governing neutron star shape can be utilized to infer constraints on the properties of dark matter cores even in cases where the dark matter significantly softens the neutron star's equation of state.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEgr-qchep-phApJ(2024)·26 citations
28. 28*

    Mineral Detection of Neutrinos and Dark Matter 2024. Proceedings

    Sebastian Baum · Patrick Huber · Patrick Stengel · Natsue Abe · Daniel G. Ang · Lorenzo Apollonio · Gabriela R. Araujo · Levente Balogh · Pranshu Bhaumik Yilda Boukhtouchen · Joseph Bramante · Lorenzo Caccianiga · Andrew Calabrese-Day and 48 other authors

    The second "Mineral Detection of Neutrinos and Dark Matter" (MDvDM'24) meeting was held January 8-11, 2024 in Arlington, VA, USA, hosted by Virginia Tech's Center for Neutrino Physics. This document collects contributions from this workshop, providing an overview of activities in the field. MDvDM'24 was the second topical workshop dedicated to the emerging field of mineral detection of neutrinos and dark matter, following a meeting hosted by IFPU in Trieste, Italy in October 2022. Mineral detectors have been proposed for a wide variety of applications, including searching for dark matter, measuring various fluxes of astrophysical neutrinos over gigayear timescales, monitoring nuclear reactors, and nuclear disarmament protocols; both as paleo-detectors using natural minerals that could have recorded the traces of nuclear recoils for timescales as long as a billion years and as detectors recording nuclear recoil events on laboratory timescales using natural or artificial minerals. Contributions to this proceedings discuss the vast physics potential, the progress in experimental studies, and the numerous challenges lying ahead on the path towards mineral detection. These include a better understanding of the formation and annealing of recoil defects in crystals; identifying the best classes of minerals and, for paleo-detectors, understanding their geology; modeling and control of the relevant backgrounds; developing, combining, and scaling up imaging and data analysis techniques; and many others. During the last years, MDvDM has grown rapidly and gained attention. Small-scale experimental efforts focused on establishing various microscopic readout techniques are underway at institutions in North America, Europe and Asia. We are looking ahead to an exciting future full of challenges to overcome, surprises to be encountered, and discoveries lying ahead of us.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.IMhep-exhep-ph+111 citations
29. 29*

    Constraints on conformal ultralight dark matter couplings from the European Pulsar Timing Array

    Clemente Smarra🇮🇹 · Adrien Kuntz🇮🇹 · Enrico Barausse🇮🇹 · Boris Goncharov🇮🇹 · Diana López Nacir🇦🇷 · Diego Blas🇪🇸 · Lijing Shao🇨🇳 · J. Antoniadis🇬🇷 · D.J. Champion🇩🇪 · I. Cognard🇫🇷 · L. Guillemot🇫🇷 · H. Hu🇩🇪 and 6 other authors

    Millisecond pulsars are extremely precise celestial clocks: as they rotate, the beamed radio waves emitted along the axis of their magnetic field can be detected with radio telescopes, which allows for tracking subtle changes in the pulsars' rotation periods. A possible effect on the period of a pulsar is given by a potential coupling to dark matter, in cases where it is modeled with an "ultralight" scalar field. In this paper, we consider a universal conformal coupling of the dark matter scalar to gravity, which in turn mediates an effective coupling between pulsars and dark matter. If the dark matter scalar field is changing in time, as expected in the Milky Way, this effective coupling produces a periodic modulation of the pulsar rotational frequency. By studying the time series of observed radio pulses collected by the European Pulsar Timing Array experiment, we present constraints on the coupling of dark matter, improving on existing bounds. These bounds can also be regarded as constraints on the parameters of scalar-tensor theories of the Fierz-Jordan-Brans-Dicke and Damour-Esposito-Farèse types in the presence of a (light) mass potential term.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.COastro-ph.GAgr-qc+1PRD(2024)·26 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.