Fri·Apr 19, 2024Friday·April 19, 2024

1. 01*

   Tunneling away the relic neutrino asymmetry

   Saarik Kalia🇺🇸

   The Earth acts as a matter potential for relic neutrinos which modifies their index of refraction from vacuum by $\delta \sim 10^{-8}$. It has been argued that the refractive effects from this potential should lead to a large $\mathcal{O}(\sqrt{\delta })$ neutrino-antineutrino asymmetry at the surface of the Earth. This result was computed by treating the Earth as flat. In this work, we revisit this calculation in the context of a perfectly spherical Earth. We demonstrate, both numerically and through analytic arguments, that the flat-Earth result is only recovered under the condition ${\delta }^{3/2}kR\gg 1$, where $k$ is the typical momentum of the relic neutrinos and $R$ is the radius of the Earth. This condition is required to prevent antineutrinos from tunneling into classically inaccessible trajectories below the Earth's surface and washing away the large asymmetry. As the physical parameters of the Earth do not satisfy this condition, we find that the asymmetry at the surface should only be $\mathcal{O}(\delta )$. While the asphericity of the Earth may serve as a loophole to our conclusions, we argue that it is still difficult to generate a large asymmetry even in the presence of local terrain.

   hep-phPRD(2024)·9 citations
2. 02*

   Annihilation of NMSSM neutralinos and Branching Ratios, Particle Decay Channel of lightest CP odd, even Higgs in NMSSM

   Gayatri Ghosh🇮🇳

   The next$-$to$-$minimal supersymmetric standard model (NMSSM) featuring constrained mSUGRA model, has the capability to inherently anticipate a light dark matter component within the existing limitations encompassing Higgs data, sparticle$-$mass constraints, dark matter exploration, muon g-2. We examine neutralino dark matter within the NMSSM framework by conducting a comprehensive analysis of its parameter space. This involves evaluating neutralino capture and annihilation rates within the Sun. The exploration of potential detection strategies for neutralino dark matter in neutrino experiments hinges on the composition of neutralinos and their primary annihilation pathways. Our study also involves reassessing the maximum thresholds for branching ratios of lepton flavour violation decays $BR(\mu \to e+\gamma )$, $BR(\tau \to e+\gamma )$ by directly referencing the constrained limits on $\Delta a_{\mu }$ from $g_{\mu }-2$ experiment. This work also presents constraints of muon flux, photon, positron and antiproton flux, specifically its independence from experimental intricacies and the universal applicability of recalculation coefficients across NMSSM model. Within the scope of this research, we have chosen to utilize this NMSSM scenario as a case study to investigate the funnel$-$ annihilation mechanisms pertaining to light dark matter and the concealed Higgs decay. In this particular scenario, our findings reveal that there exist decay channel$-$annihilation mechanisms for the lightest supersymmetric particle $\widetilde{{\chi }_1^0}$, which include the $h_2,h_1,Z,W^{+},W^{-},G,s,S,b,B,c,C,a,A,d,D,l,L$ decay funnels.

   hep-phMod.Phys.Lett.A(2025)·0 citations
3. 03*

   Time Flow and Flavor Mixing in the Flavor Spin Theory

   A. N. Jourjine🇩🇪

   We show that unlike the SM in the flavor spin theories (theories with non- Euclidean/pseudo-unitary signature of the kinematic quadratic term of the Lagrangian) the Yukawa mass matrices are not arbitrary. This restricts the possible textures of both lepton and quark flavor mixing matrices to the experimentally observed form and reduces the number of real mixing parameters by two. In addition, some pairs of elements of V_CKM and separately U_PMNS are forced to have the same absolute values, which is experimentally confirmed within the error bounds. Apart from the flavor mixing the change in the signature imprints no changes in the SM.

   hep-phhep-ex4 citations
4. 04*

   Generation of Ultrarelativistic Vortex Leptons with Large Orbital Angular Momenta

   Mamutjan Ababekri🇨🇳 · Jun-Lin Zhou🇨🇳 · Ren-Tong Guo🇨🇳 · Yong-Zheng Ren🇨🇳 · Yu-Han Kou🇨🇳 · Qian Zhao🇨🇳 · Zhong-Peng Li🇨🇳 · Jian-Xing Li🇨🇳

   Ultrarelativistic vortex leptons with intrinsic orbital angular momenta (OAM) have important applications in high energy particle physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, etc. However, unfortunately, their generation still poses a great challenge. Here, we put forward a novel method for generating ultrarelativistic vortex positrons and electrons through nonlinear Breit-Wheeler (NBW) scattering of vortex $\gamma$ photons. For the first time, a complete angular momentum-resolved scattering theory has been formulated, introducing the angular momentum of laser photons and vortex particles into the conventional NBW scattering framework. We find that vortex positron (electron) can be produced when the outgoing electron (positron) is generated along the collision axis. By unveiling the angular momentum transfer mechanism, we clarify that OAM of the $\gamma$ photon and angular momenta of multiple laser photons are entirely transferred to the generated pairs, leading to the production of ultrarelativistic vortex positrons or electrons with large OAM. Furthermore, we find that the cone opening angle and superposition state of the vortex $\gamma$ photon, distinct characteristics aside from its intrinsic OAM, can be determined via the angular distribution of created pairs in NBW processes. Our method paves the way for investigating strong-field quantum electrodynamics processes concerning the generation and detection of vortex particle beams in intense lasers.

   hep-phPRD(2024)·17 citations
5. 05*

   How does the $X(3872)$ show up in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collisions: dip versus peak

   Vadim Baru🇩🇪 · Feng-Kun Guo🇨🇳 · Christoph Hanhart🇩🇪 · Alexey Nefediev🇸🇮

   We demonstrate that the dip observed near the total energy of 3872 MeV in the recent cross section data from the BESIII Collaboration for $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to J/\psi {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ admits a natural explanation as a coupled-channel effect: it is a consequence of unitarity and a strong $S$-wave $D{\bar{D}}^{\ast }$ attraction that generates the state $X(3872)$. We anticipate the appearance of a similar dip in the $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to J/\psi {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}{\pi }^0$ final state near the $D^{\ast }{\bar{D}}^{\ast }$ threshold driven by the same general mechanism, then to be interpreted as a signature of the predicted spin-two partner of the $X(3872)$.

   hep-phPRD(2024)·10 citations
6. 06*

   Relic density and temperature evolution of a light dark sector

   Xin-Chen Duan🇨🇳 · Raymundo Ramos🇰🇷 · Yue-Lin Sming Tsai🇨🇳

   We have developed a set of four fully coupled Boltzmann equations to precisely determine the relic density and temperature of dark matter by including three distinct sectors: dark matter, light scalar, and standard model sectors. The intricacies of heat transfer between dark matter (DM) and the standard model sector through a light scalar particle are explored, inspired by stringent experimental constraints on the scalar-Higgs mixing angle and the DM-scalar coupling. Three distinct sectors emerge prior to DM freeze-out, requiring fully coupled Boltzmann equations to accurately compute relic density. Investigation of forbidden, resonance, and secluded DM scenarios demonstrates significant deviations between established methods and the novel approach with fully coupled Boltzmann equations. Despite increased computational demands, this emphasizes the need for improved precision in relic density calculations, underlining the importance of incorporating these equations in comprehensive analyses.

   hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEPRD(2024)·9 citations
7. 07*

   String Junctions Revisited

   Javira Altmann🇦🇺 · Peter Skands🇦🇺

   Recent measurements at the LHC have revealed heavy-flavour baryon fractions much larger than those observed at LEP, with e.g., LambdaC+/D0 and LambdaB0/B0 reaching ~ 0.5 at low pT. One scenario that has been at least partly successful in predicting observed trends is QCD colour reconnections with string junctions. In previous work, however, the limit of a low-pT heavy quark was not well defined. We reconsider the string equations of motion for junction systems in this limit, and find that the junction effectively becomes bound to the heavy quark, a scenario we refer to as a "pearl on a string". We extend string-junction fragmentation in Pythia with a dedicated modelling of this limit for both light- and heavy-quark "pearls".

   hep-phJHEP(2024)·17 citations
8. 08*

   Strange quark matter as dark matter: 40 years later, a reappraisal

   Francesco Di Clemente🇮🇹 · Marco Casolino🇮🇹 · Alessandro Drago🇮🇹 · Massimiliano Lattanzi🇮🇹 · Claudia Ratti🇺🇸

   Forty years ago Witten suggested that dark matter could be composed of macroscopic clusters of strange quark matter. This idea was very popular for several years, but it dropped out of fashion once lattice QCD calculations indicated that the confinement/deconfinement transition, at small baryonic chemical potential, is not first order, which seemed to be a crucial requirement in order to produce large clusters of quarks. Here we revisit the conditions under which strangelets can be produced in the Early Universe. We discuss the impact of an instability in the hadronic phase separating a low density, positive-strange-charge phase from a high-density phase with a negative strange charge. This second phase can rapidly stabilize by forming color-superconducting gaps. The strangelets then undergo partial evaporation. In this way, we obtain distributions of their sizes in agreement with the observational constraints and we discuss the many astrophysical and cosmological implications of these objects. Finally, we examine the most promising techniques to detect this type of strangelets. We also show that strangelets can exist with masses $\lesssim 10^{17}\mathrm{g}$, while primordial black holes are ruled out in that mass range, allowing us to distinguish between these two dark matter candidates.

   hep-phastro-ph.COnucl-thMNRAS(2025)·15 citations
9. 09*

   Revisiting holographic model for thermal and dense QCD with a critical point

   Qingxuan Fu🇨🇳 · Song He🇨🇳 · Li Li🇨🇳 · Zhibin Li🇨🇳

   To quantitatively provide reliable predictions for the hot and dense QCD matter, a holographic model should be adjusted to describe first-principles lattice results available at vanishing baryon chemical potential. The equation of state from two well-known lattice groups, the HotQCD collaboration and the Wuppertal-Budapest (WB) collaboration, shows visible differences at high temperatures. We revisit the Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton (EMD) holographic model for hot QCD with 2+1 flavors and physical quark masses by fitting lattice QCD data from the WB collaboration. Using the parameterization for the scalar potential and gauge coupling proposed in our work [Phys.Rev.D 106 (2022) 12, L121902], the equation of state, the higher order baryon number susceptibilities, and the chiral condensates are in quantitative agreement with state-of-the-art lattice results. We find that the critical endpoint (CEP) obtained from fitting the WB collaboration data is nearly identical to the one from the HotQCD collaboration, suggesting the robustness of the location of the CEP. Moreover, our holographic prediction for the CEP location is in accord with more recent Bayesian analysis on a large number of holographic EMD models and an effective potential approach of QCD from gap equations.

   hep-phhep-thJHEP(2025)·28 citations
10. 10*

    Strong decays of the $P_{cs}(4338)$ and its high isospin cousin via the QCD sum rules

    Xiu-Wu Wang🇨🇳 · Zhi-Gang Wang🇨🇳

    In the present work, the strong decays of the newly observed $P_{cs}(4338)$ as well as its high isospin cousin $P_{cs}(4460)$ are studied via the QCD sum rules. According to conservation of isospin, spin and parity, the hadronic coupling constants in four decay channels are obtained, then the partial decay widths are obtained. The total width of the $P_{cs}(4338)$ coincides with the experimental data nicely, while the predictions for the $P_{cs}(4460)$ can be testified in the future experiment, and shed light on the nature of the $P_{cs}(4338)$.

    hep-phPRD(2024)·4 citations
11. 11*

    Abnormal solutions of Bethe--Salpeter equation with massless and massive exchanges

    Jaume Carbonell1🇫🇷 · Vladimir Karmanov🇷🇺 · Ekaterina Kupriyanova🇷🇺 · Hagop Sazdjian🇫🇷

    We summarize the main properties of the so called ''abnormal solutions'' of the Wick--Cutkosky model, i.e. two massive scalar particles interacting via massless scalar exchange ("photons"), within the Bethe--Salpeter equation. These solutions do not exist in the non-relativistic limit, in spite of having very small binding energies. They present a genuine many-body character dominated by photons, with a norm of the valence constituent wave function (two-body norm) that vanishes in the limit of zero binding energy. We present new results concerning the massive-exchange case, in particular determine under which conditions is it possible to obtain such peculiar solutions without spoiling the model by tachyonic states ($M^2<0$).

    hep-phcond-mat.str-elnucl-thquant-phFew Body Syst.(2024)·0 citations
12. 12*

    Axion Dark Matter from Heavy Quarks

    Mohammad Aghaie🇮🇹 · Giovanni Armando🇮🇹 · Angela Conaci🇮🇹 · Alessandro Dondarini🇮🇹 · Peter Matak🇸🇰 · Paolo Panci🇮🇹 · Zuzana Sinska🇸🇰 · Robert Ziegler🇩🇪

    We propose simple scenarios where the observed dark matter abundance arises from decays and scatterings of heavy quarks through freeze-in of an axion-like particle with mass in the $10\mathrm{keV}-1\mathrm{MeV}$ range. These models can be tested by future X-ray telescopes, and in some cases will be almost entirely probed by searches for two-body decays $K\to \pi +invis.$ at NA62. As a byproduct, we discuss the cancellation of IR divergencies in flavor-violating scattering processes relevant for thermal axion production, and derive the general contribution to axion-photon couplings from all three light quarks.

    hep-phPLB(2024)·18 citations
13. 13*

    Constraining Higgs sectors of BSM models -- the case of 95 GeV "Higgs"

    Jan Kalinowski🇵🇱 · Wojciech Kotlarski🇵🇱

    In view of lack of the direct experimental evidence for a Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) physics, accommodating a SM-like Higgs boson is on the most important constraints that a BSM model must fulfill. Already for some time the FlexibleSUSY spectrum generator generator allowed for a reliable prediction of masses and decay patterns of the BSM Higgs boson in a large class of user defined supersymmetric and non-supersymmetric models. However, no easy way to compare those predictions with experimental data existed. To that end we present here an interface between FlexibleSUSY and HiggsTools, a computer program assessing in a statistically meaningful way consistency of a BSM Higgs sector with experiments. Motivated by the recent ATLAS and CMS observation of the di-photon excess at a mass of $\sim$95 GeV we demonstrate the capabilities of our framework by investigating whether the observed low mass excesses around 95 GeV seen in the data can be explained as the lightest scalar of the Minimal R-symmetric Supersymmetric Standard Model, without spoiling the SM-like properties of the second-to-lightest state. We also briefly comment on the light dark matter candidate which is a necessarily ingredient of such a setup.

    hep-phPoS(2024)·4 citations
14. 14*

    Neutrinoless double beta decay in the minimal type-I seesaw model: mass-dependent nuclear matrix element, current limits and future sensitivities

    Dong-Liang Fang🇨🇳 · Yu-Feng Li🇨🇳 · Yi-Yu Zhang🇨🇳 · Jing-Yu Zhu🇨🇳

    In this work we discuss the neutrino mass dependent nuclear matrix element (NME) of the neutrinoless double beta decay process and derive the limit on the parameter space of the minimal Type-I seesaw model from the current available experimental data as well as the future sensitivities from the next-generation experiments. Both the explicit many-body calculations and naive extrapolations of the mass dependent NME are employed in the current work. The uncertainties of the theoretical nuclear structure models are taken into account. By combining the latest experimental data from ${}^{76}$Ge-based experiments, GERDA and MAJORANA, the ${}^{130}$Te-based experiment, CUORE and the ${}^{136}$Xe-based experiments, KamLAND-Zen and EXO-200, the bounds on the parameter space of the minimal Type-I seesaw model are obtained and compared with the limits from other experimental probes. Sensitivities for future experiments utilizing ${}^{76}$Ge-based (LEGEND-1000), ${}^{82}$Se-based (SuperNEMO), ${}^{130}$Te based (SNO+II) and ${}^{136}$Xe-based (nEXO), with a ten-year exposure, are also derived.

    hep-phJHEP(2024)·5 citations
15. 15*

    Two-loop integrals for $t\bar{t}+$jet production at hadron colliders in the leading colour approximation

    Simon Badger🇮🇹 · Matteo Becchetti🇮🇹 · Nicolò Giraudo🇨🇭 · Simone Zoia🇨🇭

    We compute the differential equations for the two remaining integral topologies contributing to the leading colour two-loop amplitudes for $pp\to t\bar{t}j$. We derive differential equations for the master integrals by solving the integration-by-parts identities over finite fields. Of the two systems of differential equations, one is presented in canonical '$\mathrm{d}\log$' form, while the other is found to have an elliptic sector. For the elliptic topology we identify the relevant elliptic curve, and present the differential equations in a more general form which depends quadratically on $ϵ$ and contains non-logarithmic one-forms in addition to the canonical $\mathrm{d}\log$'s. We solve the systems of differential equations numerically using generalised series expansions with the boundary terms obtained using the auxiliary mass flow method. A summary of all one-loop and two-loop planar topologies is presented including the list of alphabet letters for the '$\mathrm{d}\log$' form systems and high-precision boundary values.

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2024)·51 citations
16. 16*

    Seeking a coherent explanation of LHC excesses for compressed spectra

    Diyar Agin🇫🇷 · Benjamin Fuks🇫🇷 · Mark D. Goodsell🇫🇷 · Taylor Murphy🇫🇷

    The most recent searches by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations in final states with soft leptons and missing transverse energy show mild excesses predominantly associated with dilepton invariant masses of about 10-20 GeV, which can result from decays of electroweakinos that are heavier than the lightest neutralino by O(10) GeV. On the other hand, these analyses are insensitive to electroweakino mass splittings smaller than about 5 GeV. In previous work, we demonstrated that while recent searches in the monojet channel can exclude some of the smallest O(1) GeV mass splitting configurations for electroweakinos, they also exhibit excesses that can overlap with the soft-lepton excesses in certain models, including a simplified scenario with pure higgsinos. In this work we dive deeper into these excesses, studying the analyses in detail and exploring an array of models that go beyond the simplified scenarios considered by the experimental collaborations. We show that, in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, the overlapping excesses are not unique to the pure-higgsino limit, instead persisting in realistic parameter space featuring a bino-like lightest supersymmetric particle with some wino admixture. On the other hand, for the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with a singlino-like lightest supersymmetric particle and higgsino-like next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle(s), the excess in the two-lepton channel fits rather well with the parameter space predicting the correct relic abundance through freeze out, but the monojet fit is much poorer. Interestingly, the excesses either do not overlap or do not exist at all for two non-supersymmetric models seemingly capable of producing the correct final states.

    hep-phEPJC(2024)·28 citations
17. 17*

    Triple Higgs boson production and electroweak phase transition in the two-real-singlet model

    Osama Karkout🇳🇱 · Andreas Papaefstathiou🇺🇸 · Marieke Postma🇳🇱 · Gilberto Tetlalmatzi-Xolocotzi🇩🇪 · Jorinde van de Vis🇳🇱 · Tristan du Pree🇳🇱

    The production of three Higgs bosons at hadron colliders can be enhanced by a double-resonant effect in the ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$-symmetric two-real-singlet extension of the Standard Model, making it potentially observable in future LHC runs. The production rate is maximized for large scalar couplings, which prompts us to carefully reconsider the perturbativity constraints on the theory. This leads us to construct a new set of 140 benchmark points that have a triple Higgs boson production cross-section at least 100 times larger than the SM value. Furthermore, we study the dynamics of the electroweak phase transition, both analytically at leading order, and numerically without the high-temperature expansion. Both analyses indicate that a first-order phase transition is incompatible with the requirement that both singlets have a non-zero vev in the present-day vacuum, as required by doubly-enhanced triple Higgs boson production. Allowing instead one of the singlets to remain at zero field value opens up the possibility of a first-order phase transition, while di-Higgs boson production can still be enhanced by a (single) resonance.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2024)·14 citations
18. 18*

    Conversion-Driven Leptogenesis: A Testable Theory of Dark Matter and Baryogenesis at the Electroweak Scale

    Jan Heisig🇩🇪

    The phenomena of dark matter and the baryon asymmetry pose two of the most pressing questions in today's fundamental physics. Conversion-driven freeze-out has emerged as a successful mechanism to generate the observed dark matter relic density. It supports thermalization of dark matter despite its very weak couplings aligning with the null results from direct and indirect detection experiments. In this letter, we demonstrate that the departure from equilibrium of dark matter, induced by semi-efficient conversions, satisfies Sakharov's conditions, providing a novel explanation for both dark matter and the baryon asymmetry. Specifically, for a leptophilic model, we establish the mechanism of conversion-driven leptogenesis. The scenario predicts dark matter masses close to the electroweak scale offering testable predictions, such as soft displaced leptons at the LHC and future colliders.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRL(2024)·19 citations
19. 19*

    Lighten up Primordial Black Holes in the Galaxy with the QCD axion: Signals at the LOFAR Telescope

    Ricardo Z. Ferreira🇵🇹 · Ángel Gil Muyor🇪🇸

    In this work, we study the luminosity that results from the conversion of QCD axion particles into photons in the magnetic field of the plasma accreting onto black holes (BHs). For the luminosities to be large two conditions need to be met: i) there are large numbers of axions in the PBH surroundings as a result of the so-called superradiant instability; ii) there exists a point inside the accreting region where the plasma and axion masses are similar and there is resonant axion-photon conversion. For BHs accreting from the interstellar medium in our galaxy, the above conditions require the black hole to have subsolar masses and we are therefore led to consider a population of primordial black holes (PBHs). In the conservative window, where we stay within the non-relativistic behavior of the plasma and neglect the possibility of non-linear enhancement via magnetic stimulation, the typical frequencies of the emitted photons lie on the low-radio band. We thus study the prospects for detection using the LOFAR telescope, assuming the PBH abundance to be close to the maximal allowed by observations. We find that for PBH and QCD axion with masses in the range $10^{-5}-10^{-4}{M}_{\odot }$ and $4\times 10^{-8}$ and $4\times 10^{-7}$ eV, respectively, the flux density emitted by the closest PBH, assuming it accretes from the warm ionized medium, can be detected at the LOFAR telescope. Coincidently, the PBH mass range coincides with the range that would explain the microlensing events found in OGLE. This might further motivate a dedicated search of these signals in the LOFAR data and other radio telescopes.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2024)·11 citations
20. 20*

    Soft Photon Heating: A Semi-Analytic Framework and Applications to $21$cm Cosmology

    Bryce Cyr🇬🇧 · Sandeep Kumar Acharya🇬🇧 · Jens Chluba🇬🇧

    The presence of an abundant population of low frequency photons at high redshifts (such as a radio background) can source leading order effects on the evolution of the matter and spin temperatures through rapid free-free absorptions. This effect, known as soft photon heating, can have a dramatic impact on the differential brightness temperature, $\Delta T_{\mathrm{b}}$, a central observable in $21$cm cosmology. Here, we introduce a semi-analytic framework to describe the dynamics of soft photon heating, providing a simplified set of evolution equations and a useful numerical scheme which can be used to study this generic effect. We also perform quasi-instantaneous and continuous soft photon injections to elucidate the different regimes in which soft photon heating is expected to impart a significant contribution to the global $21$cm signal and its fluctuations. We find that soft photon backgrounds produced after recombination with spectral index $\gamma >3.0$ undergo significant free-free absorption, and therefore this heating effect cannot be neglected. The effect becomes stronger with steeper spectral index, and in some cases the injection of a synchrotron-like spectrum ($\gamma =3.6$) can suppress the amplitude of $\Delta T_{\mathrm{b}}$ relative to the standard model prediction, making the global $21$cm signal even more difficult to detect in these scenarios.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phMNRAS(2024)·20 citations
21. 21*

    Constraints on the finite volume two-nucleon spectrum at $m_{\pi }\approx 806$ MeV

    William Detmold🇺🇸 · Marc Illa🇺🇸 · William I. Jay🇺🇸 · Assumpta Parreño🇪🇸 · Robert J. Perry🇪🇸 · Phiala E. Shanahan🇺🇸 · Michael L. Wagman🇺🇸

    The low-energy finite-volume spectrum of the two-nucleon system at a quark mass corresponding to a pion mass of $m_{\pi }\approx 806$ MeV is studied with lattice quantum chromodynamics (LQCD) using variational methods. The interpolating-operator sets used in [Phys.Rev.D 107 (2023) 9, 094508] are extended by including a complete basis of local hexaquark operators, as well as plane-wave dibaryon operators built from products of both positive- and negative-parity nucleon operators. Results are presented for the isosinglet and isotriplet two-nucleon channels. In both channels, noticably weaker variational bounds on the lowest few energy eigenvalues are obtained from operator sets which contain only hexaquark operators or operators constructed from the product of two negative-parity nucleons, while other operator sets produce low-energy variational bounds which are consistent within statistical uncertainties. The consequences of these studies for the LQCD understanding of the two-nucleon spectrum are investigated.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phnucl-thPRD(2025)·21 citations
22. 22*

    Solitonic ground state in supersymmetric theory in background

    Muneto Nitta🇯🇵 · Shin Sasaki🇯🇵

    A solitonic ground state called a chiral soliton lattice (CSL) is realized in a supersymmetric theory with background magnetic field and finite chemical potential. To this end, we construct, in the superfield formalism, a supersymmetric chiral sine-Gordon model as a neutral pion sector of a supersymmetric two-flavor chiral Lagrangian with a Wess-Zumino-Witten term. The CSL ground state appears in the presence of either a strong magnetic field and/or large chemical potential, or a background fermionic condensate in the form of a fermion bilinear consisting of the gaugino and a superpartner of a baryon gauge field.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2024)·10 citations
23. 23*

    Data reconstruction of the dynamical connection function in $f(Q)$ cosmology

    Yuhang Yang🇨🇳 · Xin Ren🇨🇳 · Bo Wang🇨🇳 · Yi-Fu Cai🇨🇳 · Emmanuel N. Saridakis🇬🇷

    We employ Hubble data and Gaussian Processes in order to reconstruct the dynamical connection function in $f(Q)$ cosmology beyond the coincident gauge. In particular, there exist three branches of connections that satisfy the torsionless and curvatureless conditions, parameterized by a new dynamical function $\gamma$. We express the redshift dependence of $\gamma$ in terms of the $H(z)$ function and the $f(Q)$ form and parameters, and then we reconstruct it using 55 $H(z)$ observation data. Firstly, we investigate the case where ordinary conservation law holds, and we reconstruct the $f(Q)$ function, which is very well described by a quadratic correction on top of Symmetric Teleparallel Equivalent of General Relativity. Proceeding to the general case, we consider two of the most studied $f(Q)$ models of the literature, namely the square-root and the exponential one. In both cases we reconstruct $\gamma (z)$, and we show that according to AIC and BIC information criteria its inclusion is favoured compared to both $\Lambda$CDM paradigm, as well as to the same $f(Q)$ models under the coincident gauge. This feature acts as an indication that $f(Q)$ cosmology should be studied beyond the coincident gauge.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thMNRAS(2024)·62 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.