Mon·Apr 15, 2024Monday·April 15, 2024

1. 01*

   Di-Higgs production via Axion-Like Particles

   Fabian Esser🇪🇸 · Maeve Madigan🇩🇪 · Alexandre Salas-Bernardez🇪🇸 · Veronica Sanz🇪🇸 · Maria Ubiali🇬🇧

   Due to the pseudo-scalar nature of the axion-like particle (ALP), the CP- conserving production of two Higgs bosons via the ALP necessarily involves an additional Z or $\gamma$ boson. We examine the existing constraints from di-Higgs searches at Run 2 of the LHC and find that, despite the presence of extra objects in the final state, these searches are sensitive to a combination of ALP couplings to gluons and three-bosons in the TeV scale range. Additionally, we propose a specialized search strategy incorporating an energetic leptonic Z boson. This refined ALP-induced production process would allow for the identification of the h h $\to$ 4 b-jet final state and could potentially probe the TeV scale using data from Run 2 of the LHC. This production process can also occur through a coupling between the top quark and the ALP. We translate the current constraints on di-Higgs production into new limits on the ALP-top coupling.

   hep-phJHEP(2024)·11 citations
2. 02*

   Production of $D_{s0}(2590{)}^{+}$ in $B$ nonleptonic decays

   Shuang-Tao Wang🇨🇳 · Su-Yan Pei🇨🇳 · Tianhong Wang🇨🇳 · Guo-Li Wang🇨🇳

   In 2021, a new charm-strange meson, $D_{s0}(2590{)}^{+}$, has been discovered, it is believed to be the $D_s^{+}(2^1{S}_0)$. However, its low mass and wide width are challenged by theoretical results. Given the small branching ratio of the current production channel, resulting in a small number of events and large errors. We suggest to search for the $D_{s0}(2590{)}^{+}$ in the $B$ meson nonleptonic decays, $B_q\to D_q^{(\ast )}{D}_{s0}(2590{)}^{+}$ ($q=u,d$), followed by $D_{s0}(2590{)}^{+}\to D^{\ast }K$. We find $Br(B_q\to D_q^{(\ast )}{D}_{s0}(2590{)}^{+})\times Br(D_{s0}(2590{)}^{+}\to D^{\ast }K)=(2.16\sim 2.82)\times 10^{-3}$ is very large, and the result is not sensitive to the mass of $D_{s0}(2590{)}^{+}$. Due to large branching ratio, large amount of $D_{s0}(2590{)}^{+}$ events are expected. This study is based on the framework of instantaneous Bethe-Salpeter equation, and the used relativistic wave functions for mesons contain different partial waves. The contributions of different partial waves are also studied.

   hep-phhep-exEPJC(2024)·0 citations
3. 03*

   One-loop contributions to $WWZ$ from a seesaw variant with radiatively-induced light-neutrino masses

   Héctor Novales-Sánchez🇲🇽 · Mónica Salinas🇲🇽 · Humberto Vázquez-Castro🇲🇽

   The experimental confirmation of neutrino mass and mixing disagrees with the picture of the Standard Model, and thus provides a good motivation to look for unknown physics. A seesaw variant in which neutrino masses are radiatively generated, with neutrinos characterized by Majorana fields and where a set of three hypothetical neutral heavy leptons are present, has been considered in the present work. We have calculated, estimated, and analyzed the contributions from virtual light and heavy neutrinos to the gauge vertex $WWZ$, in the context of a future electron-positron collider. We have found that contributions to both $CP$-even and $CP$-odd anomalous couplings are generated. Our estimations indicate that contributions as large as $10^{-3}$ can be achieved in both cases. This is particularly interesting for the $CP$-odd effects, which are expected to appear in the framework of the Standard Model since the three-loop order, thus being quite suppressed. By considering the expected sensitivity of the International Linear Collider to this gauge vertex, we conclude that these new-physics effects would be within its reach for $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collisions taking place at a center-of-mass energy of $800\mathrm{GeV}$.

   hep-phPRD(2024)·3 citations
4. 04*

   The Higgs Mechanism with Diagrams: a didactic approach

   Jochem Kip🇳🇱 · Ronald Kleiss🇳🇱

   We present a pedagogical treatment of the electroweak Higgs mechanism based solely on Feynman diagrams and S-matrix elements, without recourse to (gauge) symmetry arguments. Throughout, the emphasis is on Feynman rules and the Schwinger-Dyson equations; it is pointed out that particular care is needed in the treatment of tadpole diagrams and their symmetry factors.

   hep-phhep-thSciPost Phys.Lect.Notes(2024)·3 citations
5. 05*

   Parton Distribution Functions and Their Impact on Precision of the Current Theory Calculations

   Maria Ubiali🇬🇧

   The unprecedented precision of experimental measurements at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the increased statistics that will be reached in the High-Luminosity phase of the LHC (HL-LHC) are pushing the phenomenology community to a new precision frontier, in which new challenges present themselves and new questions arise. A key ingredients of theoretical predictions at hadron colliders are the Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs) of the proton. This contribution highlights some of the new developments in the determination of PDFs from a global set of experimental data, from approximate N3LO PDFs and the inclusion of theory uncertainties in PDF fits, to the realisation of the non trivial interplay between parton densities at large-x and possible signals of New Physics in high energy tails of the distributions, which highlights the synergy between high energy and low energy experimental programs.

   hep-ph15 citations
6. 06*

   Supernova-Neutrino-Boosted Dark Matter from All Galaxies

   Yen-Hsun Lin🇹🇼 · Meng-Ru Wu🇹🇼

   It has been recently proposed that the boosted dark matter (BDM) by supernova neutrinos (SN$\nu$) from SN1987a or from the next Galactic supernova (SN) can serve as a novel component to probe nonvanishing interaction between dark matter (DM) and the standard model leptons [Y.-H. Lin et al., Phys. Rev. Lett 130, 111002 (2023) and Y.-H. Lin et al., Phys. Rev. D 108, 083013 (2023)]. In this Letter, we extend this concept and evaluate the present-day diffuse flux of SN$\nu$ BDM originated from all galaxies at higher redshifts. We show that by considering this diffuse BDM (DBDM) component, the best sensitivity on the product of the energy-independent DM-$\nu$ and DM-electron cross sections, $\sqrt{{\sigma }_{\chi \nu }{\sigma }_{\chi e}}\simeq \mathcal{O}(10^{-37})$ cm${}^2$ for sub-MeV DM, can be obtained with large-size neutrino experiments such as Super-Kamiokande or Hyper-Kamiokande, surpassing the estimated SN$\nu$ BDM bound from SN1987a. We also examine the impact due to the presence of DM spikes around the supermassive black holes in galaxies on SN$\nu$ BDM and DBDM. Our results suggest that both the DBDM and the SN$\nu$ BDM probes are robust to the uncertain properties of DM spikes, unless the next Galactic SN happens to occur at a location extremely close to or right behind the Galactic Center along the SN line of sight.

   hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEPRL(2024)·15 citations
7. 07*

   QCD bounds on leading-order hadronic vacuum polarization contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment

   Siyuan Li🇨🇦 · T.G. Steele🇨🇦 · J. Ho🇺🇸 · R. Raza🇨🇦 · K. Williams🇨🇦 · R.T. Kleiv🇨🇦

   QCD bounds on the leading-order (LO) hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP) contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon ($a_{\mu }^{\mathrm{HVP},\mathrm{LO}}$, $a_{\mu }={\left(g-2\right)}_{\mu }/2$) are determined by imposing Hölder inequalities and related inequality constraints on systems of Finite-Energy QCD sum-rules. This novel methodology is complementary to lattice QCD and data-driven approaches to determining $a_{\mu }^{\mathrm{HVP},\mathrm{LO}}$. For the light-quark ($u,d,s$) contributions up to five-loop order in perturbation theory in the chiral limit, LO in light-quark mass corrections, next-to-leading order in dimension-four QCD condensates, and to LO in dimension-six QCD condensates, we find that $\left(657.0\pm 34.8\right)\times 10^{-10}\le a_{\mu }^{\mathrm{HVP},\mathrm{LO}}\le \left(788.4\pm 41.8\right)\times 10^{-10}$, bridging the range between lattice QCD and data-driven values.

   hep-phPRD(2024)·3 citations
8. 08*

   Polarized semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering at NNLO in QCD

   Leonardo Bonino🇨🇭 · Thomas Gehrmann🇨🇭 · Markus Löchner🇨🇭 · Kay Schönwald🇨🇭 · Giovanni Stagnitto🇮🇹

   Semi-inclusive hadron production in longitudinally polarized deep-inelastic lepton-nucleon scattering is a powerful tool for resolving the quark flavor decomposition of the proton's spin structure. We present the full next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD corrections to the coefficient functions of polarized semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (SIDIS) in analytical form, enabling the use of SIDIS measurements in precision studies of the proton spin structure. The numerical impact of these corrections is illustrated by a comparison with data of polarized single-inclusive hadron spectra from the DESY HERMES and CERN COMPASS experiments.

   hep-phhep-exPRL(2024)·38 citations
9. 09*

   Next-to-next-to-leading order event generation for Z-boson production in association with a bottom-quark pair

   Javier Mazzitelli🇨🇭 · Vasily Sotnikov🇨🇭 · Marius Wiesemann🇩🇪

   We consider the production of a Z boson decaying to leptons in association with a bottom-quark pair in hadronic collisions. For the first time, we compute predictions at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in QCD, and we combine them with the all-orders radiative corrections from a parton-shower simulation (NNLO+PS). Our method represents the first approach to NNLO+PS event generation applicable to processes featuring a colour singlet and a heavy-quark pair in the final state. The novel two-loop corrections are computed for massless bottom quarks, and the leading mass corrections are restored through a small-mass expansion. The calculation is carried out in the four-flavour scheme, and we find that the sizeable NNLO QCD corrections lift the long-standing tension between lower-order predictions in four- and five-flavour schemes. Our predictions are compared to a CMS measurement for Z boson plus b-jet production, achieving an excellent description of the data.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2025)·38 citations
10. 10*

    Transverse Momentum-Dependent Heavy-Quark Fragmentation at Next-to-Leading Order

    Rebecca von Kuk🇩🇪 · Johannes K. L. Michel🇺🇸 · Zhiquan Sun🇺🇸

    The transverse momentum-dependent fragmentation functions (TMD FFs) of heavy (bottom and charm) quarks, which we recently introduced, are universal building blocks that enter predictions for a large number of observables involving final-state heavy quarks or hadrons. They enable the extension of fixed-order subtraction schemes to quasi-collinear limits, and are of particular interest in their own right as probes of the nonperturbative dynamics of hadronization. In this paper we calculate all TMD FFs involving heavy quarks and the associated TMD matrix element in heavy-quark effective theory (HQET) to next-to-leading order in the strong interaction. Our results confirm the renormalization properties, large-mass, and small-mass consistency relations predicted in our earlier work. We also derive and confirm a prediction for the large-$z$ behavior of the heavy-quark TMD FF by extending, for the first time, the formalism of joint resummation to capture quark mass effects in heavy-quark fragmentation. Our final results in position space agree with those of a recent calculation by another group that used a highly orthogonal organization of singularities in the intermediate momentum-space steps, providing a strong independent cross check. As an immediate application, we present the complete quark mass dependence of the energy-energy correlator (EEC) in the back-to-back limit at $\mathcal{O}({\alpha }_s)$.

    hep-phJHEP(2024)·22 citations
11. 11*

    A Mass Ordering Sum Rule for the Neutrino Disappearance Channels in T2K, NOvA and JUNO

    Stephen J. Parke🇺🇸 · Renata Zukanovich Funchal🇧🇷

    We revisit a method for determining the neutrino mass ordering by using precision measurements of the atmospheric $\Delta m^2$'s in both electron neutrino and muon neutrino disappearance channels, proposed by the authors in 2005 (hep-ph/0503283). The mass ordering is a very important outstanding question for our understanding of the elusive neutrino and determination of the mass ordering has consequences for other neutrino experiments. The JUNO reactor experiment will start data taking this year, and the precision of the atmospheric $\Delta m^2$'s from electron anti-neutrino measurements will improve by a factor of three from Daya Bay's 2.4 % to 0.8 % within a year. This measurement, when combined with the atmospheric $\Delta m^2$'s measurements from T2K and NOvA for muon neutrino disappearance, will contribute substantially to the $\Delta {\chi }^2$ between the two remaining neutrino mass orderings. In this paper we derive a mass ordering sum rule that can be used to address the possibility that JUNO's atmospheric $\Delta m^2$'s measurement, when combined with other experiments in particular T2K and NOvA, can determine the neutrino mass ordering at the 3 $\sigma$ confidence level within one year of operation. For a confidence level of 5 $\sigma$ in a single experiment we will have to wait until the middle of the next decade when the DUNE experiment is operating.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2025)·23 citations
12. 12*

    Hard Thermal Loop -- theory and applications

    Najmul Haque🇮🇳 · Munshi G. Mustafa🇮🇳

    In this review, we present the key aspects of modern thermal perturbation theory based on the hard thermal loop (HTL) approximation, including its theoretical foundations and applications within quantum electrodynamics (QED) and quantum chromodynamics (QCD) plasmas. To maintain conciseness, we focus on scenarios in thermal equilibrium, examining a variety of physical quantities and settings. Specifically, we explore both bulk thermodynamic properties and real-time observables in high-temperature domains relevant to heavy-ion physics.

    hep-phhep-latnucl-thPPNP(2025)·28 citations
13. 13*

    Particle Physics: a crash course for Mathematicians

    Veronica Pasquarella🇬🇧

    This introductory work combines bottom-up and top-down approaches towards understanding the underlying categorical structure of possible unifying theories descending from string theory. Guided by well-established developments in the realm of categorical algebraic geometry, we explain why abelianisation could potentially lead to furthering the understanding of how to embed Beyond the Standard Model scenarios in supersymmetric setups.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phmath.AGmath.QA+1JHAP(2026)·1 citation
14. 14*

    Study of isoscalar scalar $bc\bar{u}\bar{d}$ tetraquark $T_{bc}$ from lattice QCD

    Archana Radhakrishnan🇮🇳 · M. Padmanath🇮🇳 · Nilmani Mathur🇮🇳

    We present a lattice QCD study of the elastic $S$-wave $D\bar{B}$ scattering in search of tetraquark candidates with explicitly exotic flavor content $bc\bar{u}\bar{d}$ in the isospin $I=0$ and $J^P=0^{+}$ channel. We use four lattice QCD ensembles with dynamical $u/d$, $s$, and $c$ quark fields generated by the MILC Collaboration. A non-relativistic QCD Hamiltonian, including improvement coefficients up to $\mathcal{O}({\alpha }_s{v}^4)$, is utilized for the bottom quarks. For the rest of the valence quarks we employ a relativistic overlap action. Five different valence quark masses are utilized to study the light quark mass dependence of the $D\bar{B}$ scattering amplitude. The finite volume energy spectra are extracted following a variational approach. The elastic $D\bar{B}$ scattering amplitudes are extracted employing Lüscher's prescription. The light quark mass dependence of the continuum extrapolated amplitudes suggests an attractive interaction between the $\bar{B}$ and $D$ mesons. At the physical pseudoscalar meson mass ($M_{ps}=M_{\pi }$) the $D\bar{B}$ scattering amplitude has a sub-threshold pole corresponding to a binding energy of $-39{(}_{-6}^{+4}){(}_{-18}^{+8})\text{mbox}MeV$ with respect to the $D\bar{B}$ threshold. The critical $M_{ps}$ at which the $D\bar{B}$ scattering length diverges and the system becomes unbound corresponds to $M_{ps}^{\ast }=2.94(15)(5)\text{mbox}GeV$. This result can hold significant experimental relevance in the search for a bound scalar $T_{bc}$ tetraquark, which could well be the next "doubly heavy" bound tetraquark to be discovered with only weak decay modes.

    ↳ hep-lathep-exhep-phPRD(2024)·30 citations
15. 15*

    Three-flavor, Full Momentum Space Neutrino Spin Oscillations in Neutron Star Mergers

    Henry Purcell🇺🇸 · Sherwood Richers🇺🇸 · Amol V. Patwardhan🇺🇸 · Francois Foucart🇺🇸

    In the presence of anisotropic neutrino and antineutrino fluxes, the quantum kinetic equations drive coherent oscillations in neutrino helicity, frequently referred to as spin oscillations. These oscillations depend directly on the absolute mass scale and Majorana phase, but are usually too transient to produce important effects. In this paper we present a full momentum-space analysis of Majorana neutrino spin oscillations in a snapshot of a three-dimensional neutron star merger simulation. We find an interesting angular dependence that allows for that resonant and adiabatic oscillations to occur along specific directions in a large volume of the merger remnant. The solid angle spanned by these directions is extremely narrow in general. We then analyze spin transformation in the presence of flavor transformation by characterizing how the effect's resonance and timescale change during a fast flavor instability. For this analysis, we derive a generalized resonance condition that poses a restrictive requirement for resonance to exist in any flavor channel. We determine that spin oscillations at all locations in the merger snapshot have a length scale that is too large for significant oscillations to be expected even where there exist resonant and adiabatic directions.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phPRD(2024)·5 citations
16. 16*

    The evolution equation for the energy-momentum moments of the non-equilibrium density function & The regularized relativistic third order hydrodynamics

    Dasen Ye🇨🇦 · Sangyong Jeon🇨🇦 · Charles Gale🇨🇦

    In this work, we first derive the evolution equation for the general energy-momentum moment of $\delta f$, where $\delta f$ is the deviation from the local equilibrium phase space density. We then introduce a relativistic extension of regularized hydrodynamics developed in the non-relativistic case by Struchtrup and Torrilhon that combines the method of moments and Chapman-Enskog expansion. Hydrodynamic equations up to the third-order in gradients are then systematially derived within the context of a single species system and the relaxation time approximation. This is followed by a series of linear stability and causality analysis. For the system of massless particles without any charge conservation, the third-order hydrodynamics is shown to be linearly stable and causal.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRC(2024)·5 citations
17. 17*

    Non-Gaussianity from primordial black holes

    Jinn-Ouk Gong🇰🇷 · Naoya Kitajima🇯🇵

    We study the effects of non-Gaussianity from primordial black holes (PBHs). The formation of PBHs is in general a rare event and the number of PBHs fluctuates following the Poisson distribution function, which is independent from the pre-existing inflationary adiabatic fluctuations. Such fluctuations can dominate over the adiabatic mode on small scales. We focus on the non-Gaussianity of matter density fluctuations induced by the Poisson fluctuation of PBHs and discuss the potentially observable consequences such as the skewness, kurtosis and the scale-dependent bias.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-ph0 citations
18. 18*

    Prospects for detection of ultra high frequency gravitational waves from hyperbolic encounters with resonant cavities

    Aurélien Barrau🇫🇷 · Juan García-Bellido🇪🇸 · Killian Martineau🇫🇷 · Martin Teuscher🇫🇷

    In this brief article, we pursue the systematic investigation of possible gravitational wave sources in the gigahertz band. We focus on hyperbolic encounters of light black holes and evaluate precisely the expected signal when accounting for the detailed characteristics of haloscope experiments. Considering the GraHal setup as a benchmark, we insist on the correct signal-to-noise ratio expression, taking into account the appropriate timescales resulting from both physical and instrumental constraints. The associated maximum distance - of the order of a hundredth of an astronomical unit - at which an event can be detected is calculated for optimal, suboptimal, and general trajectories. The main conclusion is that detection seems clearly out of reach.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COastro-ph.GAhep-phPRD(2025)·10 citations
19. 19*

    $Ab$-$initio$ nucleon-nucleon correlations and their impact on high energy ${}^{16}$O+${}^{16}$O collisions

    Chunjian Zhang🇨🇳 · Jinhui Chen🇨🇳 · Giuliano Giacalone🇩🇪 · Shengli Huang🇺🇸 · Jiangyong Jia🇺🇸 · Yu-Gang Ma🇨🇳

    Investigating nucleon-nucleon correlations inherent to the strong nuclear force is one of the core goals in nuclear physics research. We showcase the unique opportunities offered by collisions of ${}^{16}$O nuclei at high-energy facilities to reveal detailed many-body properties of the nuclear ground state. We interface existing knowledge about the geometry of ${}^{16}$O coming from \textit{ab-initio} calculations of nuclear structure with transport simulations of high-energy ${}^{16}$O+${}^{16}$O collisions. Bulk observables in these processes, such as the elliptic flow or the fluctuations of the mean transverse momentum, are found to depend significantly on the input nuclear model and to be sensitive to realistic clustering and short-range repulsive correlations, effectively opening a new avenue to probe these features experimentally. This finding demonstrates collisions of oxygen nuclei as a tool to elucidate initial conditions of small collision systems while fostering connections with effective field theories of nuclei rooted in quantum chromodynamics (QCD).

    ↳ nucl-thhep-exhep-phPLB(2025)·52 citations
20. 20*

    Formation of primordial black hole binaries and their merger rates

    Martti Raidal🇪🇪 · Ville Vaskonen🇪🇪 · Hardi Veermäe🇪🇪

    We review the theory behind the formation of primordial black hole binaries and their merger rates. We consider the binary formation in the early and late Universe, emphasising the former as it gives the dominant contribution of the present primordial black hole merger rate. The binaries formed in the early Universe are highly eccentric so their interactions with other primordial black holes can significantly increase their coalescence times and thereby suppress the merger rate. We discuss in detail how the suppression of the merger rate arising from such interactions can be estimated and how such interactions lead to the formation of another, much harder, binary population that contributes to the present merger rate if more than 10% of dark matter consists of primordial black holes with a relatively narrow mass distribution. When the primordial abundance is below 1%, encounters between primordial black holes are unlikely and their effect on the merger rate becomes negligible.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.HEhep-ph36 citations
21. 21*

    Electromagnetic fields in low-energy heavy-ion collisions with baryon stopping

    Ankit Kumar Panda🇮🇳 · Partha Bagchi🇮🇳 · Hiranmaya Mishra🇮🇳 · Victor Roy🇮🇳

    We investigate the impact of baryon stopping on the temporal evolution of electromagnetic fields in vacuum at low-energy Au+Au collisions with $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=4$-$20$ GeV. Baryon stopping is incorporated into the Monte-Carlo Glauber model by employing a parameterized velocity profile of participant nucleons with non-zero deceleration. The presence of these decelerating participants leads to noticeable changes in the centrality and $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ dependence of electromagnetic fields compared to scenarios with vanishing deceleration. The influence of baryon stopping differs for electric and magnetic fields, also exhibiting variations across their components. We observe slight alteration in the approximate linear dependency of field strengths with $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ in the presence of deceleration. Additionally, the longitudinal component of the electric field at late times becomes significant in the presence of baryon stopping.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRC(2024)·12 citations
22. 22*

    Towards a spatial cat state of a massive pendulum

    Satoshi Iso🇯🇵 · Jinyang Li🇨🇳 · Nobuyuki Matsumoto🇺🇸 · Katsuta Sakai🇯🇵

    We propose an experiment for constructing a spatial cat state of a suspended mirror with an order of $\mathcal{O}$(mg). The mirror is set at the center of two mirrors, creating two optical cavities and optical springs. The induced potential exhibits a double-well shape, and its deformation resembles a second-order phase transition as a function of laser power. We estimate an adiabatic condition for the ground state wave function to metamorphose from a localized state at the origin to a spatial cat state within the double-well potential, within a coherence time determined by mechanical and environmental noises. Our estimation suggests that such a construction is possible if we can provide an ultra-high finesse optical cavity with $F=2.5\times 10^5$ and a length of $0.3$ cm, along with a shot-noise-limited laser at $7.9$ nW. The necessary mechanical coherence time is approximately one second.

    ↳ quant-phhep-phhep-th0 citations
23. 23*

    First combined tuning on transverse kinematic imbalance data with and without pion production constraints

    Weijun Li🇬🇧 · Marco Roda🇬🇧 · Julia Tena-Vidal🇮🇱 · Costas Andreopoulos🇬🇧 · Xianguo Lu🇬🇧 · Adi Ashkenazi🇮🇱 · Joshua Barrow🇺🇸 · Steven Dytman🇺🇸 · Hugh Gallagher🇺🇸 · Alfonso Andres Garcia Soto🇺🇸 · Steven Gardiner🇺🇸 · Matan Goldenberg🇮🇱 and 14 other authors

    We present the first combined tuning, using GENIE, of four transverse kinematic imbalance measurements of neutrino-hydrocarbon scattering, both with and without pion final states, from the T2K and MINERvA experiments. As a proof of concept, we have simultaneously tuned the initial state and final-state interaction models (SF-CFG and hA, respectively), producing a new effective model that more accurately describes the data.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phnucl-exPRD(2024)·18 citations
24. 24*

    A Coordinate-Independent Formalism for Detecting High-Frequency Gravitational Waves

    Wolfram Ratzinger🇮🇱 · Sebastian Schenk🇩🇪 · Pedro Schwaller🇩🇪

    In an external electric or magnetic field, a gravitational wave (GW) may be converted into electromagnetic radiation. We present a coordinate-invariant framework to describe the GW signal in a detector that is based on this effect, such as cavities for axion searches. In this framework, we pay special attention to the definition of manifestly coordinate-independent expressions for the electromagnetic fields that an external observer would detect. A careful assessment of the detector's perceived motion allows us to treat both its mechanical and its electromagnetic response to the GW consistently. We further introduce well-defined approximations for which this motion may be neglected, and hence provide suggestions on which coordinate frame is suitable to characterise the GW signal in practice. We illustrate our findings in two examples, an infinitesimally thin rod and a spherical electromagnetic cavity.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.IMhep-exhep-phJHEP(2024)·24 citations
25. 25*

    Does DESI 2024 Confirm $\Lambda$CDM?

    Eoin Ó Colgáin🇮🇪 · Maria Giovanna Dainotti🇯🇵 · Salvatore Capozziello🇮🇹 · Saeed Pourojaghi🇮🇷 · M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari🇮🇷 · Dejan Stojkovic🇺🇸

    We demonstrate that a $\sim 2\sigma$ discrepancy with the Planck-$\Lambda$CDM cosmology in DESI Luminous Red Galaxy (LRG) data in the redshift range $0.4<z<0.6$ with effective redshift $z_{\text{eff}}=0.51$ translates into an unexpectedly large ${\Omega }_m$ value, ${\Omega }_m=0.67_{-0.17}^{+0.18}$. We independently confirm that this anomaly drives the preference for $w_0>-1$ in DESI data \textit{alone} confronted to the $w_0{w}_a$CDM model. Given that LRG data at $z_{\text{eff}}=0.51$ is at odds with Type Ia supernovae in overlapping redshifts, we expect that this anomaly will decrease in statistical significance with future DESI data releases leaving an increasing ${\Omega }_m$ trend with effective redshift at higher redshifts. We estimate the current significance of the latter in DESI data at $\sim 1.8\sigma$ and comment on how it dovetails with independent observations. It is imperative to understand what makes DESI LRG data at $z_{\text{eff}}=0.51$ an outlier when it comes to ${\Omega }_m$ determinations.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thJHEAp(2026)·192 citations
26. 26*

    Nuclear cluster structure effect in ${}^{16}$O+${}^{16}$O collisions at the top RHIC energy

    Xin-Li Zhao🇨🇳 · You Zhou🇩🇰 · Zi-Wei Lin🇺🇸 · Chao Zhang🇨🇳 · Guo-Liang Ma🇨🇳

    Using the improved string-melting version of a Multi-Phase Transport model, we investigated the impact of nuclear geometry of ${}^{16}$O on anisotropic flows in O+O collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=200$ GeV. To evaluate the influence of nuclear structure and potential alpha clustering, we implemented four candidate configurations: Woods-Saxon, tetrahedron, square, and Nuclear Lattice Effective Field Theory. Initial-state geometry is quantified via the eccentricity cumulant ratio ${\epsilon }_2\{4\}/{\epsilon }_2\{2\}$, which provides a robust and evolution-independent measure sensitive to configuration differences. The model reproduces $v_2(p_{\mathrm{T}})$ at low $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ and $v_3(p_{\mathrm{T}})$ across the full $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ range, with integrated $v_2\{2\}$ and $v_3\{2\}$ matching the STAR data, demonstrating that transport dynamics captures the essential collectivity in this intermediate-size system. These findings establish a baseline for extending nuclear-structure studies in O+O collisions to other energies and differential observables within a unified transport model framework.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPLB(2026)·24 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.