Mon·Nov 20, 2023Monday·November 20, 2023

1. 01*

   Quantum technologies for fundamental (HE) physics

   D. Blas🇪🇸

   In this brief contribution I will highlight some directions where the developments in the frontier of (quantum) metrology may be key for fundamental high energy physics (HEP). I will focus on the detection of dark matter and gravitational waves, and introduce ideas from atomic clocks and magnetometers, large atomic interferometers and detection of small fields in electromagnetic cavities. Far from being comprehensive, this contribution is an invitation to everyone in the HEP and quantum technologies communities to explore this fascinating topic.

   hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qcquant-phPoS(2024)·0 citations
2. 02*

   Compatibility between theoretical predictions and experimental data for top-antitop hadroproduction at NNLO QCD accuracy

   Maria Vittoria Garzelli🇩🇪 · Javier Mazzitelli🇨🇭 · Sven-Olaf Moch🇩🇪 · Oleksandr Zenaiev🇩🇪

   We compare double-differential normalized production cross sections for top-antitop $+X$ hadroproduction at NNLO QCD accuracy, as obtained through a customized version of the MATRIX framework interfaced to PineAPPL, with recent data by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations. We take into account theory uncertainties due to scale variation and we see how predictions vary as a function of parton distribution function (PDF) choice and top-quark pole mass value, considering different state-of-the-art PDF fits with their uncertainties. Notwithstanding the overall reasonable good agreement, we observe discrepancies at the level of a few $\sigma$'s between data and theoretical predictions in some kinematical regions, which can be alleviated by refitting the top-quark mass value, and/or the PDFs and/or ${\alpha }_s(M_Z)$, considering the correlations between these three quantities. In a fit of top-quark mass standalone, we notice that, for all considered PDF + ${\alpha }_s(M_Z)$ sets used as input, some datasets point towards top-quark pole mass values lower by about $2\sigma$'s than those emerging from fitting other datasets, suggesting a possible tension between experimental measurements using different decay channels, and/or the need of better estimating uncertainties on the latter.

   hep-phPoS(2024)·0 citations
3. 03*

   Radiative Majorana Neutrino Masses in a Parity Solution to the Strong CP Problem

   Lawrence J. Hall🇺🇸 · Keisuke Harigaya🇺🇸 · Yogev Shpilman🇮🇱

   The strong CP problem can be solved in Parity symmetric theories with electroweak gauge group containing $SU(2{)}_L\times SU(2{)}_R$ broken by the minimal Higgs content. Neutrino masses may be explained by adding the same number of gauge singlet fermions as the number of generations. The neutrino masses vanish at tree-level and are only radiatively generated, leading to larger couplings of right-handed neutrinos to Standard Model particles than with the tree-level seesaw mechanism. We compute these radiative corrections and the mixing angles between left- and right-handed neutrinos. We discuss sensitivities to these right-handed neutrinos from a variety of future experiments that search for heavy neutral leptons with masses from tens of MeV to the multi-TeV scale.

   hep-phJHEP(2024)·9 citations
4. 04*

   Toward Realistic Models in $T^2/{\mathbb{Z}}_2$ Flux Compactification

   Hiroki Imai🇯🇵 · Nobuhito Maru🇯🇵

   We consider a six dimensional gauge theory compactified on $T^2/{\mathbb{Z}}_2$ with magnetic flux. The configurations of models are classified by winding numbers at the fixed points. Requiring the existence of generation numbers and Yukawa coupling, we see that allowed and forbidden configurations are described by geometry of winding numbers.

   hep-phhep-thPTEP(2024)·3 citations
5. 05*

   The profile of the Higgs boson -- status and prospects

   Karl Jakobs🇩🇪 · Giulia Zanderighi🇩🇪

   The Higgs boson, which was discovered at CERN in 2012, stands out as a remarkable elementary particle with distinct characteristics. Unlike any other observed particle, it possesses zero spin within the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. Theoretical predictions had anticipated the existence of this scalar boson, postulating its interaction with the $W$ and $Z$ bosons as well as through Yukawa interactions with fermions. Furthermore the Higgs boson can interact with itself, commonly referred to as the Higgs self-interaction. In this review, the current state of experimental and theoretical investigations of Higgs boson production at the LHC and the ongoing efforts to unravel its properties are described, and an up-to-date assessment of our understanding of the Higgs sector of the SM is provided. In addition, potential links between the Higgs boson and significant unresolved questions within the realm of particle physics are presented.

   hep-phhep-exPhil.Trans.Roy.Soc.Lond.A(2023)·12 citations
6. 06*

   Self-interacting dark matter to freeze-in via vector portal

   Xinyue Yin🇨🇳 · Shuai Xu🇨🇳 · Sibo Zheng🇨🇳

   It is challenging to resolve the small-scale problem for dark matter being a weakly-interacting massive particle. We attempt to address this issue by proposing a self-interacting freeze-in dark matter via dark photon. In this model, the dark matter obtains the observed relic abundance via Standard Model $\gamma$ and $Z$ boson induced freeze-in processes, whereas the dark matter force mediator has a negligible relic abundance and a lifetime larger than the age of Universe. We place constraints in classical and resonant regime resolving the small-scale problem from CMB, $X/\gamma$-ray, Supernova 1987A and out-of-equilibrium condition. It turns out that the CMB constraint on dark matter annihilations is satisfied despite large Sommerfeld effect taking place, while the other constraints are trivially accommodated due to various millicharge induced suppressions. Finally we briefly discuss future cosmological tests on such freeze-in dark matter model.

   hep-ph2 citations
7. 07*

   The $\bar{\mathbf{q}}\mathbf{q}\bar{\mathbf{s}}\mathbf{Q}$ $(\mathbf{q}=\mathbf{u},\mathbf{d};\mathbf{Q}=\mathbf{c},\mathbf{b})$ tetraquark system in a chiral quark model

   Gang Yang🇨🇳 · Jialun Ping🇨🇳 · Jorge Segovia🇪🇸

   Inspired by the experimentally reported $T_{c\bar{s}}(2900)$ exotic states, the $S$-wave $\bar{q}q\bar{s}Q$ $(q=u,d;Q=c,b)$ tetraquarks, with spin-parity $J^P=0^{+}$, $1^{+}$ and $2^{+}$, in both isoscalar and isovector sectors are systematically studied in a chiral quark model. The meson-meson, diquark-antidiquark and K-type arrangements of quarks, along with all possible color wave functions, are comprehensively considered. The four-body system is solved by means of a highly efficient computational approach, the Gaussian expansion method, along with a complex-scaling formulation of the problem to disentangle bound, resonance and scattering states. This theoretical framework has already been successfully applied in various tetra- and penta-quark systems. In the complete coupled-channel case, and within the complex-range formulation, several narrow resonances of $\bar{q}q\bar{s}c$ and $\bar{q}q\bar{s}b$ systems are obtained in each allowed $I(J^P)$-channels. Particularly, the $T_{c\bar{s}}(2900)$ is well identified as a $I(J^P)=1(0^{+})$ $\bar{q}q\bar{s}c$ tetraquark state with a dominant molecular structure. Meanwhile, more resonances in $\bar{q}q\bar{s}c$ and $\bar{q}q\bar{s}b$ systems are also obtained within the energy regions $2.4-3.4$ GeV and $5.7-6.7$ GeV, respectively. The predicted exotic states, which are an indication of a richer color structure when going towards multiquark systems beyond mesons and baryons, are expected to be confirmed in future high-energy particle and nuclear experiments.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-ex+1CPC(2024)·8 citations
8. 08*

   Quantum Enhancement in Dark Matter Detection with Quantum Computation

   Shion Chen🇯🇵 · Hajime Fukuda🇯🇵 · Toshiaki Inada🇯🇵 · Takeo Moroi🇯🇵 · Tatsumi Nitta🇯🇵 · Thanaporn Sichanugrist🇯🇵

   We propose a novel method to significantly enhance the signal rate in qubit-based dark matter detection experiments with the help of quantum interference. Various quantum sensors possess ideal properties for detecting wave-like dark matter, and qubits, commonly employed in quantum computers, are excellent candidates for dark matter detectors. We demonstrate that, by designing an appropriate quantum circuit to manipulate the qubits, the signal rate scales proportionally to $n_{\mathrm{q}}^2$, with $n_{\mathrm{q}}$ being the number of sensor qubits, rather than linearly with $n_{\mathrm{q}}$. Consequently, in the dark matter detection with a substantial number of sensor qubits, a significant increase in the signal rate can be expected. We provide a specific example of a quantum circuit that achieves this enhancement by coherently combining the phase evolution in each individual qubit due to its interaction with dark matter. We also demonstrate that the circuit is fault tolerant to de-phasing noises, a critical quantum noise source in quantum computers. The enhancement mechanism proposed here is applicable to various modalities for quantum computers, provided that the quantum operations relevant to enhancing the dark matter signal can be applied to these devices.

   hep-phastro-ph.COhep-exquant-phPRL(2024)·37 citations
9. 09*

   Bayesian method for fitting the low-energy constants in chiral perturbation theory

   Hao-Xiang Pan🇨🇳 · De-Kai Kong🇨🇳 · Qiao-Yi Wen🇨🇳 · Shao-Zhou Jiang🇨🇳

   The values of the low-energy constants (LECs) are very important in the chiral perturbation theory. This paper adopts a Bayesian method with the truncation errors to globally fit eight next-to-leading order (NLO) LECs $L_i^r$ and next-to-next-leading order (NNLO) LECs $C_i^r$. With the estimation of the truncation errors, the fitting results of $L_i^r$ in the NLO and NNLO are very close. The posterior distributions of $C_i^r$ indicate the boundary-dependent relations of these $C_i^r$. Ten $C_i^r$ are weakly dependent on the boundaries and their values are reliable. The other $C_i^r$ are required more experimental data to constrain their boundaries. Some linear combinations of $C_i^r$ are also fitted with more reliable posterior distributions. If one knows some more precise values of $C_i^r$, some other $C_i^r$ can be obtained by these values. With these fitting LECs, most observables provide a good convergence, except for the $\pi K$ scattering lengths $a_0^{3/2}$ and $a_0^{1/2}$. An example is also introduced to test the improvement of the method. All the computations indicate that considering the truncation errors can improve the global fit greatly, and more prior information can obtain better fitting results. This fitting method can be extended to the other effective field theories and the perturbation theory.

   hep-phFront.Phys.(2024)·2 citations
10. 10*

    Bridging the $\mu$Hz gap in the gravitational-wave landscape: unveiling dark baryons

    Martin Rosenlyst🇬🇧

    We study gravitational waves (GWs) with frequencies in the $\mu$Hz range, which arise from phase transitions related to dark confinement in the context of dark versions of Quantum Chromodynamics. Based on several compelling motivations, we posit that these theories predict the existence of GeV-mass asymmetric dark baryons, akin to ordinary baryons, with the potential to contribute to dark matter. Furthermore, we emphasize the significance of a particular $\mathcal{O}(\text{TeV})$ scale for multiple reasons. First, to account for the similarity in present-day mass densities between dark matter and visible matter, various TeV-scale mechanisms can elucidate the similarities in both their number densities and masses. Moreover, to address the so-called electroweak hierarchy problem, we consider the introduction of either the Composite Higgs or Supersymmetry at around $\mathcal{O}(\text{TeV})$. These mechanisms lead to intriguing TeV collider signatures and the possibility of detecting mHz GWs in future experiments. In summary, this study provides a strong motivation for advancing GW experiments that can bridge the $\mu$Hz frequency gap in the GW spectrum. Additionally, there is a need for the construction of more powerful particle colliders to explore higher energy regimes. In consideration of the possibility to scrutinize these models from various perspectives, we strongly advocate their further development.

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2024)·3 citations
11. 11*

    Inferring the initial condition for the Balitsky-Kovchegov equation

    Carlisle Casuga🇫🇮 · Mikko Karhunen🇫🇮 · Heikki Mäntysaari🇫🇮

    We apply Bayesian inference to determine the posterior likelihood distribution for the parameters describing the initial condition of the small-$x$ Balitsky-Kovchegov evolution equation at leading logarithmic accuracy. The HERA structure function data is found to constrain most of the model parameters well. In particular, we find that the HERA data prefers an anomalous dimension $\gamma \approx 1$ unlike in previous fits where $\gamma >1$ which led to e.g. the unintegrated gluon distribution and the quark-target cross sections not being positive definite. The determined posterior distribution can be used to propagate the uncertainties in the non-perturbative initial condition when calculating any other observable in the Color Glass Condensate framework. We demonstrate this explicitly for the inclusive quark production cross section in proton-proton collisions and by calculating predictions for the nuclear modification factor for the $F_2$ structure function in the EIC and LHeC/FCC-he kinematics.

    hep-phnucl-thPRD(2024)·28 citations
12. 12*

    Scalar exotic mesons $bb\overline{c}\overline{c}$

    S. S. Agaev🇦🇿 · K. Azizi🇮🇷 · B. Barsbay🇹🇷 · H. Sundu🇹🇷

    Properties of doubly charged scalar tetraquarks $bb\overline{c}\overline{c}$ are investigated in the framework of the QCD sum rule method. We model them as diquark-antidiquark states $X_1$ and $X_2$ built of axial-vector and pseudoscalar diquarks, respectively. The masses and current couplings of these particles are computed using the QCD two-point sum rule method. Results $m_1=(12715\pm 80)\mathrm{MeV}$ and $m_2=(13370\pm 95)\mathrm{MeV}$ obtained for the masses of these particles are used to determine their kinematically allowed decay modes. The full width ${\Gamma }_1$ of the state $X_1$ is evaluated by taking into account its strong decays to mesons $2B_c^{-}$, and $2B_c^{\ast -}$. The processes $X_2\to 2B_c^{-}$, $2B_c^{\ast -}$ and $B_c^{-}{B}_c^{-}(2S)$ are employed to estimate ${\Gamma }_2$. Predictions obtained for the full widths ${\Gamma }_1=(63\pm 12)\mathrm{MeV}$ and ${\Gamma }_2=(79\pm 14)\mathrm{MeV}$ of these structures and their masses may be utilized in experimental studies of fully heavy resonances.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latJ.Phys.G(2024)·10 citations
13. 13*

    Hadronization of Heavy Quarks

    Jiaxing Zhao🇫🇷 · Jörg Aichelin🇫🇷 · Pol Bernard Gossiaux🇫🇷 · Andrea Beraudo🇮🇹 · Shanshan Cao🇨🇳 · Wenkai Fan🇺🇸 · Min He🇨🇳 · Vincenzo Minissale🇮🇹 · Taesoo Song🇩🇪 · Ivan Vitev🇺🇸 · Ralf Rapp🇺🇸 · Steffen Bass🇺🇸 and 3 other authors

    Heavy-flavor hadrons produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions are a sensitive probe for studying hadronization mechanisms of the quark-gluon-plasma. In this work, we survey how different transport models for the simulation of heavy-quark diffusion through a quark-gluon plasma in heavy-ion collisions implement hadronization and how this affects final-state observables. Utilizing the same input charm-quark distribution in all models at the hadronization transition, we find that the transverse-momentum dependence of the nuclear modification factor of various charm hadron species has significant sensitivity to the hadronization scheme. In addition, the charm-hadron elliptic flow exhibits a nontrivial dependence on the elliptic flow of the hadronizing partonic medium.

    hep-phnucl-thPRC(2024)·54 citations
14. 14*

    Phenomenology of a scotogenic neutrino mass model at 3-loops

    Asmaa Abada🇫🇷 · Nicolás Bernal🇦🇪 · Antonio E. Cárcamo Hernández🇨🇱 · Sergey Kovalenko🇨🇱 · Téssio B. de Melo🇨🇱 · Takashi Toma🇯🇵

    By extending the minimal scotogenic model with a spontaneously broken global symmetry $U(1{)}^{\prime }$ and a preserved ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ symmetry, we build a seesaw model for generating neutrino masses at three-loop level. The new particles have masses at the TeV scale and relatively large Yukawa couplings, which leads to sizable rates for charged lepton flavor violation processes, well within future experimental reach. The model is able to successfully explain the $W$ mass anomaly and provides a viable fermionic or scalar dark matter candidate, while satisfying all current constraints imposed by neutrinoless double-beta decay, charged-lepton flavor violation, and electroweak precision observables.

    hep-phPoS(2024)·3 citations
15. 15*

    Revisiting quantum black holes from effective loop quantum gravity

    Geeth Ongole🇺🇸 · Parampreet Singh🇺🇸 · Anzhong Wang🇺🇸

    We systematically study a family of loop quantizations for the classical Kruskal spacetimes using the effective description motivated from loop quantum gravity for four generic parameters, $c_o,m,{\delta }_b$, and ${\delta }_c$, where the latter two denote the polymerization parameters that capture the underlying quantum geometry. We focus on the family where polymerization parameters are constant on dynamical trajectories and of which the Ashtekar-Olmedo-Singh (AOS) and Corichi-Singh (CS) models appear as special cases. We study general features of singularity resolution in all these models due to quantum gravity effects and analytically extend the solutions across the white hole (WH) and black hole (BH) horizons to the exterior. We find that the leading term in the asymptotic expansion of the Kretschmann scalar is $r^{-4}$. However, for AOS and CS models, black holes with masses greater than solar mass, the dominant term behaves as $r^{-6}$ for the size of the observable Universe and our analysis can be used to phenomenologically constrain the choice of parameters for other models. In addition, one can uniquely fix the parameter $c_o$ by requiring that the Hawking temperature at the BH horizon to the leading order be consistent with its classical value for a macroscopic BH. Assuming that the BH and WH masses are of the same order, we are able to identify a family of choices of ${\delta }_b$ and ${\delta }_c$ which share all the desired properties of the AOS model.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phhep-thPRD(2024)·17 citations
16. 16*

    Holographic Quantum-Foam Blurring, and Localization of Gamma-Ray Burst GRB221009A

    Eric Steinbring🇨🇦

    Gamma-ray burst GRB221009A was of unprecedented brightness in gamma-rays and X-rays, and through to the far ultraviolet, allowing for identification within a host galaxy at redshift z=0.151 by multiple space and ground-based optical/near-infrared telescopes and enabling a first association - via cosmic-ray air-shower events - with a photon of 251 TeV. That is in direct tension with a potentially observable phenomenon of quantum gravity (QG), where spacetime "foaminess" accumulates in wavefronts propagating cosmological distances, and at high-enough energy could render distant yet bright pointlike objects invisible, by effectively spreading their photons out over the whole sky. But this effect would not result in photon loss, so it remains distinct from any absorption by extragalactic background light. A simple multiwavelength average of foam-induced blurring is described, analogous to atmospheric seeing from the ground. When scaled within the fields of view for the Fermi and Swift instruments, it fits all z<5 GRB angular-resolution data of 10 MeV or any lesser peak energy and can still be consistent with the highest-energy localization of GRB221009A: a limiting bound of about 1 degree is in agreement with a holographic QG-favored formulation.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.COgr-qchep-ph0 citations
17. 17*

    The polarimeter vector for $\tau \to 3\pi {\nu }_{\tau }$ decays

    Vladimir Cherepanov🇺🇸 · Christian Veelken🇪🇪

    The polarimeter vector of the $\tau$ represents an optimal observable for the measurement of the $\tau$ spin. In this paper we present an algorithm for the computation of the $\tau$ polarimeter vector for the decay channels ${\tau }^{-}\to {\pi }^{-}{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}{\nu }_{\tau }$ and ${\tau }^{-}\to {\pi }^{-}{\pi }^0{\pi }^0{\nu }_{\tau }$. The algorithm is based on a model for the hadronic current in these decay channels, which was fitted to data recorded by the CLEO experiment.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phComput.Phys.Commun.(2024)·5 citations
18. 18*

    Investigation of the hadronic light-by-light contribution to the muon $g-2$ using staggered fermions

    Christian Zimmermann🇫🇷 · Antoine Gérardin🇫🇷

    Hadronic contributions dominate the uncertainty of the standard model prediction for the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. In this work, we describe an ongoing lattice calculation of the hadronic light-by-light contribution, performed with staggered fermions. The presence of quarks with different tastes complicates the analysis of the position-space correlation function. We present a suitable adaption of the "Mainz method". As a first numerical test, we reproduce the well-known lepton-loop contribution. Results at a single lattice spacing for the light quark contribution, using two volumes, are then discussed. Our study of the long distance behavior and finite-volume effects is supplemented by considering the contribution of the light pseudoscalar-pole. The corresponding transition form factors have been evaluated in previous simulations on the same ensembles.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPoS(2024)·3 citations
19. 19*

    Absolutely Scintillating: constraining $\nu$ mass with black hole-forming supernovae

    George Parker🇩🇪 · Michael Wurm🇩🇪

    The terrestrial detection of a neutrino burst from the next galactic core-collapse supernova (CCSN) will provide profound insight into stellar astrophysics, as well as fundamental neutrino physics. Using Time-Of-Flight (ToF) effects, a CCSN signal can be used to constrain the absolute neutrino mass. In this work, we study the case where a black hole forms during core-collapse, abruptly truncating the neutrino signal. This sharp cutoff is a feature that can be leveraged in a ToF study, enabling strict limits to be set on the neutrino mass which are largely model-independent. If supernova neutrinos are detected on Earth in liquid scintillator detectors, the exceptional energy resolution would allow an energy-dependent sampling of the ToF effects at low neutrino energies. One promising experimental program is the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), a next-generation liquid scintillator detector currently under construction in China. Using three-dimensional black hole-forming core-collapse supernova simulations, the sensitivity of a JUNO-like detector to the absolute neutrino mass is conservatively estimated to be $m_{\nu }<0.39_{-0.01}^{+0.06}$ eV for a 95% CL bound. A future-generation liquid scintillator observatory like THEIA-100 could even achieve sub-0.2 eV sensitivity.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-exhep-phPRD(2024)·9 citations
20. 20*

    Small Kinetic Mixing in String Theory

    Arthur Hebecker🇩🇪 · Joerg Jaeckel🇩🇪 · Ruben Kuespert🇩🇪

    Kinetic mixing between gauge fields of different $U(1)$ factors is a well-studied phenomenon in 4d EFT. In string compactifications with $U(1)$s from sequestered D-brane sectors, kinetic mixing becomes a key target for the UV prediction of a phenomenologically important EFT operator. Surprisingly, in many cases kinetic mixing is absent due to a non-trivial cancellation. In particular, D3-D3 kinetic mixing in type-IIB vanishes while D3-anti-D3 mixing does not. This follows both from exact CFT calculations on tori as well as from a leading-order 10d supergravity analysis, where the key cancellation is between the $C_2$ and $B_2$ contribution. We take the latter approach, which is the only one available in realistic Calabi-Yau settings, to a higher level of precision by including sub-leading terms of the brane action and allowing for non-vanishing $C_0$. The exact cancellation persists, which we argue to be the result of $SL(2,\mathbb{R})$ self-duality. We note that a $B_2{C}_2$ term on the D3-brane, which is often missing in the recent literature, is essential to obtain the correct zero result. Finally, allowing for $SL(2,\mathbb{R})$-breaking fluxes, kinetic mixing between D3-branes arises at a volume-suppressed level. We provide basic explicit formulae, both for kinetic as well as magnetic mixing, leaving the study of phenomenologically relevant, more complex situations for the future. We also note that describing our result in 4d supergravity appears to require higher-derivative terms - an issue which deserves further study.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2024)·16 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.