PaperPanorama

HEP Phenomenology·hep-ph

Wed·Nov 15, 2023

22 papers15 primary·7 cross-listed·reconstructed*

  1. 01*

    Gravitational neutrino reheating

    Md Riajul Haque🇮🇳 · Debaprasad Maity🇮🇳 · Rajesh Mondal🇮🇳

    Despite having important cosmological implications, the reheating phase is believed to play a crucial role in cosmology and particle physics model building. Conventionally, the model of reheating with an arbitrary coupling of inflaton to massless fields naturally lacks precise prediction and hence difficult to verify through observation. In this paper, we propose a simple and natural reheating mechanism where the particle physics model, namely the Type-I seesaw is shown to play a major role in the entire reheating process where inflaton is coupled with all the fields only gravitationally. Besides successfully resolving the well-known neutrino mass and baryon asymmetry problems, this scenario offers successful reheating, predicts distinct primordial gravitational wave spectrum and non-vanishing lowest active neutrino mass. Our novel mechanism opens up a new avenue of integrating particle physics and cosmology in the context of reheating.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thPRD(2024)·24 citations
  2. 02*

    Updated Big Bang Nucleosynthesis Bounds on Long-lived Particles from Dark Sectors

    J. R. Alves🇧🇷 · L. Angel🇧🇷 · L. Guedes🇧🇷 · R. M. P. Neves🇧🇷 · F. S. Queiroz🇧🇷 · D. R. da Silva🇧🇷 · R. Silva🇧🇷 · Y. Villamizar🇧🇷

    As electromagnetic showers may alter the abundance of Helium, Lithium, and Deuterium, we can place severe constraints on the lifetime and amount of electromagnetic energy injected by long-lived particles. Considering up-to-date measurements of the light element abundances that point to , , and the baryon-to-photon ratio obtained from the Cosmic Microwave Background data, , we derive upper limits on the fraction of electromagnetic energy produced by long-lived particles. Our findings apply to decaying dark matter models, long-lived gravitinos, and other non-thermal processes that occurred in the early universe between seconds.

    hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEhep-thPLB(2024)·11 citations
  3. 03*

    Heavy Neutral Leptons via Axion-Like Particles at Neutrino Facilities

    Asli M Abdullahi🇺🇸 · André de Gouvêa🇺🇸 · Bhaskar Dutta🇺🇸 · Ian M. Shoemaker🇺🇸 · Zahra Tabrizi🇺🇸

    Heavy neutral leptons (HNLs) are often among the hypothetical ingredients behind nonzero neutrino masses. If sufficiently light, they can be produced and detected in fixed-target-like experiments. We show that if the HNLs belong to a richer -- but rather generic -- dark sector, their production mechanism can deviate dramatically from expectations associated to the standard-model weak interactions. In more detail, we postulate that the dark sector contains an axion-like particle (ALP) that naturally decays into HNLs. Since ALPs mix with the pseudoscalar hadrons, the HNL flux might be predominantly associated to the production of neutral mesons (e.g., , ) as opposed to charge hadrons (e.g., , ). In this case, the physics responsible for HNL production and decay are not directly related and experiments like DUNE might be sensitive to HNLs that are too weakly coupled to the standard model to be produced via weak interactions, as is generically the case of HNLs that play a direct role in the type-I seesaw mechanism.

    hep-phhep-exPRL(2024)·14 citations
  4. 04*

    Closer look at the matching condition for radiative QCD parameter

    Tatsuya Banno🇯🇵 · Junji Hisano🇯🇵 · Teppei Kitahara🇯🇵 · Naohiro Osamura🇯🇵

    In this paper, we scrutinize a radiatively generated QCD parameter at the two-loop level based on both full analytical loop functions with the Fock-Schwinger gauge method and the effective field theory approach, using simplified models. We observe that the radiatively generated parameters at the low energy scale precisely match between them. It provides validity to perturbative loop calculations of the QCD parameter with the Fock-Schwinger gauge method. Furthermore, it is also shown that the ordinary Fujikawa method for the radiative parameter by using does not cover all contributions in the simplified models. But, we also find that when there is a scale hierarchy in -violating sector, evaluation of the Fujikawa method is numerically sufficient. As an application, we calculate the radiative parameter at the two-loop level in a slightly extended Nelson-Barr model, where the spontaneous violation occurs to solve the strong problem. It is found a part of the radiative parameters cannot be described by the Fujikawa method.

    hep-phJHEP(2024)·15 citations
  5. 05*

    Detecting Dark Matter Induced Power in Quantum Devices

    Anirban Das🇰🇷 · Noah Kurinsky🇺🇸 · Rebecca K. Leane🇺🇸

    In the past few years, many mesoscale systems have been proposed as possible detectors of sub-GeV dark matter particles. In this work, we point out the feasibility of probing dark matter-nucleon scattering cross section using superconductor-based quantum devices with meV-scale energy threshold. We compute new limits on spin-independent dark matter scattering cross section using the existing power measurement data from three different experiments for MeV to 10 GeV mass. We derive the limits for both halo and thermalized dark matter populations.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPoS(2024)·1 citation
  6. 06*

    Relaxation time for the alignment between quark spin and angular velocity in a rotating QCD medium

    Alejandro Ayala🇲🇽 · Santiago Bernal-Langarica🇲🇽 · Isabel Domínguez Jiménez🇲🇽 · Ivonne Maldonado🇷🇺 · José Jorge Medina-Serna🇲🇽 · Javier Rendón🇲🇽 · María Elena Tejeda-Yeomans🇲🇽

    We compute the relaxation times for massive quarks and anti-quarks to align their spins with the angular velocity in a rigidly rotating medium at finite temperature and baryon density. The rotation effects are implemented using a fermion propagator immersed in a cylindrical rotating environment. The relaxation time is computed as the inverse of the interaction rate to produce an asymmetry between the quark (anti-quark) spin components along and opposite to the angular velocity. For conditions resembling heavy-ion collisions, the relaxation times for quarks are smaller than for anti-quarks. For semi-central collisions the relaxation time is within the possible life-time of the QGP for all collision energies. However, for anti-quarks this happens only for collision energies GeV. The results are quantified in terms of the intrinsic quark and anti-quark polarizations, namely, the probability to build the spin asymmetry as a function of time. Our results show that these intrinsic polarizations tend to 1 with time at different rates given by the relaxation times with quarks reaching a sizable asymmetry at a faster pace. These are key results to further elucidate the mechanisms of hyperon polarization in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

    hep-phnucl-thPRD(2024)·8 citations
  7. 07*

    Precise prediction for the W boson mass in U(1) extensions of the standard model

    Zoltán Péli🇭🇺

    We present the one-loop correction to the boson mass in U(1) type extensions of the standard model. We compare it to an approximation, often used in high energy physics tools. We point out that if the boson -- predicted in U(1) type extensions -- is much heavier than the boson, then the use of the complete set of one-loop corrections is necessary.

    hep-phActa Phys.Polon.Supp.(2024)·3 citations
  8. 08*

    Prospects for measuring quark polarization and spin correlations in and samples at the LHC

    Yevgeny Kats🇮🇱 · David Uzan🇮🇱

    Polarization and spin correlations have been studied in detail for top quarks at the LHC, but have been explored very little for the other flavors of quarks. In this paper we consider the processes with , or . Utilizing the partial preservation of the quark's spin information in baryons in the jet produced by the quark, we examine possible analysis strategies for ATLAS and CMS to measure the quark polarization and spin correlations. We find polarization measurements for the and quarks to be feasible, even with the currently available datasets. Spin correlation measurements for are possible using the CMS Run 2 parked data, while such measurements for will become possible with higher integrated luminosity. For the quark, we find the measurements to be challenging with the standard triggers. We also provide leading-order QCD predictions for the polarization and spin correlations expected in the and samples with the cuts envisioned for the above analyses. Apart from establishing experimentally the existence of spin correlations in and systems produced in collisions, the proposed measurements can provide new information on the polarization transfer from quarks to baryons and might even be sensitive to physics beyond the Standard Model.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2024)·11 citations
  9. 09*

    Heavy quark dominance in orbital excitation of singly and doubly heavy baryons

    Zhen-Yu Li🇨🇳 · Guo-Liang Yu🇨🇳 · Zhi-Gang Wang🇨🇳 · Jian-Zhong Gu🇨🇳

    A mechanism of the heavy quark dominance in the orbital excitation is proposed in this paper which is testified to be reasonable for singly and doubly heavy baryons. In the relativistic quark model, an analysis of the Hamiltonian figures out the mechanism that the excitation mode with lower energy levels is always associated with the heavy quark(s), and the splitting of the energy levels is suppressed by the heavy quark(s). So, the heavy quarks dominate the orbital excitation of singly and doubly heavy baryons. Furthermore, a physical understanding of this mechanism is given in a semi-classical way. Accordingly, the predicted mass spectra of singly and doubly heavy baryons confirm the rationality of this mechanism. In addition, an interesting consequence of this mechanism is that a heavy-light meson is more likely to be produced in the strong decay of the high-orbital excited states, which is supported by experiments. This mechanism is rooted in the breakdown of the mass symmetry. Therefore, it may be also valid for other multi-quark systems, such as the tetraquarks Qqqq and QQqq, or the pentaquarks Qqqqq and QQqqq.

    hep-phEPJC(2024)·10 citations
  10. 10*

    Photoproduction of fully charmed tetraquark at electron-ion colliders

    Feng Feng🇨🇳 · Yingsheng Huang🇺🇸 · Yu Jia🇨🇳 · Wen-Long Sang🇨🇳 · De-Shan Yang🇨🇳 · Jia-Yue Zhang🇨🇳

    In this work, we investigate the inclusive photoproduction of the -odd, -wave fully charmed tetraquark at electron-ion colliders within the nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) factorization framework, at the lowest order in velocity and . The value of the NRQCD long-distance matrix element is estimated from two phenomenological potential models. Our studies reveal that the photoproduction of the fully charmed tetraquark may be difficult to observe at HERA and the EicC; nevertheless, its observation prospect at the EIC appears to be bright.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2024)·20 citations
  11. 11*

    Towards a full NNLO Monte Carlo generator for low energy data into leptons and hadrons

    Graziano Venanzoni🇬🇧

    During the last 15 years the Radio MonteCarLow Working Group has been providing valuable support to the development of radiative corrections and Monte Carlo event generators for low energy data and -lepton decays. While the working group has been operating for more than 15 years without a formal basis for funding, parts of our program have recently been included as a Joint Research Initiative in the group application of the European hadron physics community, STRONG2020, to the European Union, with a more specific goal of creating an annotated database for low-energy hadronic cross sections in collisions. In parallel the theory community is continuing its effort towards the realization of improved Monte Carlo generators with for low energy data into hadrons. Full NNLO corrections in the leptonic sector are to be combined with an improved treatment of radiative corrections involving pions. This is of relevance for the precise determination of the leading hadronic contribution to the muon g-2. We will report on these initiatives.

    hep-phhep-exPoS(2024)·0 citations
  12. 12*

    The scale invariant scotogenic model: CDF-II -boson mass and the 95 GeV excesses

    Amine Ahriche🇦🇪 · Mohamed Lamine Bellilet🇩🇿 · Mohammed Omer Khojali🇸🇩 · Mukesh Kumar🇿🇦 · Anza-Tshildzi Mulaudzi🇿🇦

    The anomalies observed in the mass measurements at the CDF-II experiments and the excesses seen around 95~GeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) motivate this work, in which we investigate and constrain the parameter space of the Scale Invariant Scotogenic Model with a Majorana dark matter candidate. The scanned parameters are chosen to be consistent with the dark matter relic density and the observed excesses at ~GeV signal strength rates in different channels. We found that significant part of the viable space addresses the excess in the channel , while a tight part can address the excess in both and channels. Furthermore, the model's viable parameters can be probed in both the LHC and future colliders for di-Higgs production.

    hep-phPRD(2024)·34 citations
  13. 13*

    Ghost-free Electroweak Symmetry Breaking with Weakly Nonlocal Interactions

    Pratik Chattopadhyay🇮🇳 · Florian Nortier🇫🇷

    Weakly nonlocal (WNL) Quantum Field Theories (QFT's) may define a new class of UV-completions in particle physics and gravity, without introducing any new elementary particle. One problematic issue is how to realize spontaneous symmetry breaking without introducing an infinite tower of ghosts in the perturbative spectrum. In this article, a WNL extension of the Standard Model (SM) is proposed: the Fuzzy Standard Model (FSM). It is a smooth deformation of the SM based on covariant star-products of fields. This new formalism realizes electroweak symmetry breaking without ghosts at tree-level. We give evidences that the FSM exhibits Vainshtein screening, aka classicalization, in the deep-UV. This could solve the electroweak hierarchy problem if it occurs at the TeV-scale.

    hep-phhep-thActa Phys.Polon.B(2024)·3 citations
  14. 14*

    An analysis of parton distributions in a pion with Bézier parametrizations

    Lucas Kotz🇺🇸 · Aurore Courtoy🇲🇽 · Pavel Nadolsky🇺🇸 · Fredrick Olness🇺🇸 · Maximiliano Ponce-Chavez🇲🇽

    We explore the role of parametrizations for nonperturbative QCD functions in global analyses, with a specific application to extending a phenomenological analysis of the parton distribution functions (PDFs) in the charged pion realized in the xFitter fitting framework. The parametrization dependence of PDFs in our pion fits substantially enlarges the uncertainties from the experimental sources estimated in the previous analyses. We systematically explore the parametrization dependence by employing a novel technique to automate generation of polynomial parametrizations for PDFs that makes use of Bézier curves. This technique is implemented in a C++ module Fantômas that is included in the xFitter program. Our analysis reveals that the sea and gluon distributions in the pion are not well disentangled, even when considering measurements in leading-neutron deep inelastic scattering. For example, the pion PDF solutions with a vanishing gluon and large quark sea are still experimentally allowed, which elevates the importance of ongoing lattice and nonperturbative QCD calculations, together with the planned pion scattering experiments, for conclusive studies of the pion structure.

    hep-phPRD(2024)·34 citations
  15. 15*

    SM fermion scattering off electric charge and CP-violating domain walls in the 2HDM

    Mohamed Younes Sassi🇩🇪 · Gudrid Moortgat-Pick🇩🇪

    In several models of beyond Standard Model physics (BSM) discrete symmetries play an important role. For instance, in order to avoid flavor changing neutral currents (FCNC), a discrete symmetry is imposed on Two-Higgs-Doublet-Models (2HDM). This can lead to the formation of domain walls (DW) as the symmetry gets spontaneously broken during electroweak symmetry breaking (EWSB) in the early universe. Due to this simultaneous spontaneous breaking of both the discrete symmetry and the electroweak symmetry, the vacuum manifold has the structure of two disconnected 3-spheres and the formed domain walls can exhibit several special properties in contrast to standard domain walls. We focus on some of these properties such as CP and electric charge violating vacua localized inside the domain walls. The breaking of inside the wall leads to the known phenomenon of "clash-of-symmetries" mechanism, meaning that the symmetry group inside the wall is smaller than the symmetry group far from the wall. We also discuss the scattering of top quarks off such types of domain walls and show, for example, that they can be reflected or transmitted off the wall as a bottom quark.

    hep-phPoS(2024)·0 citations
  16. 16*

    Dynamical friction in dark matter superfluids: The evolution of black hole binaries

    Lasha Berezhiani🇩🇪 · Giordano Cintia🇩🇪 · Valerio De Luca🇺🇸 · Justin Khoury🇺🇸

    The theory of superfluid dark matter is characterized by self-interacting sub-eV particles that thermalize and condense to form a superfluid core in galaxies. Massive black holes at the center of galaxies, however, modify the dark matter distribution and result in a density enhancement in their vicinity known as dark matter spikes. The presence of these spikes affects the evolution of binary systems by modifying their gravitational wave emission and inducing dynamical friction effects on the orbiting bodies. In this work, we assess the role of dynamical friction for bodies moving through a superfluid core enhanced by a central massive black hole. As a first step, we compute the dynamical friction force experienced by bodies moving in a circular orbit. Then, we estimate the gravitational wave dephasing of the binary, showing that the effect of the superfluid drag force is beyond the reach of space-based experiments like LISA, contrarily to collisionless dark matter, therefore providing an opportunity to distinguish these dark matter models.

    astro-ph.COastro-ph.GAgr-qchep-ph+1JCAP(2024)·40 citations
  17. 17*

    Rotating dark matter admixed neutron stars

    John Cronin🇺🇸 · Xinyang Zhang🇺🇸 · Ben Kain🇺🇸

    We study rotating compact stars that are mixtures of the ordinary nuclear matter in a neutron star and fermionic dark matter. After deriving equations describing a slowly rotating system made up of an arbitrary number of perfect fluids, we specialize to the two-fluid case, where the first fluid describes ordinary matter and the second fluid describes dark matter. Electromagnetic observations of the moment of inertia and angular momentum directly probe ordinary matter and not dark matter. Upon taking this into account, we show that the I-Love-Q relations for dark matter admixed neutrons stars can deviate significantly from the standard single-fluid relationships.

    gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-phPRD(2023)·29 citations
  18. 18*

    Expanding neutrino oscillation parameter measurements in NOvA using a Bayesian approach

    NOvA Collaboration: M. A. Acero🇨🇴 · B. Acharya🇺🇸 · P. Adamson🇺🇸 · N. Anfimov🇷🇺 · A. Antoshkin🇷🇺 · E. Arrieta-Diaz🇨🇴 · L. Asquith🇬🇧 · A. Aurisano🇺🇸 · A. Back🇺🇸 · N. Balashov🇷🇺 · P. Baldi🇺🇸 · B. A. Bambah🇮🇳 and 186 other authors

    NOvA is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment that measures oscillations in charged-current (disappearance) and (appearance) channels, and their antineutrino counterparts, using neutrinos of energies around 2 GeV over a distance of 810 km. In this work we reanalyze the dataset first examined in our previous paper [Phys. Rev. D 106, 032004 (2022)] using an alternative statistical approach based on Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo. We measure oscillation parameters consistent with the previous results. We also extend our inferences to include the first NOvA measurements of the reactor mixing angle and the Jarlskog invariant. We use these results to quantify the strength of our inferences about CP violation, as well as to examine the effects of constraints from short-baseline measurements of using antineutrinos from nuclear reactors when making NOvA measurements of . Our long-baseline measurement of is also shown to be consistent with the reactor measurements, supporting the general applicability and robustness of the PMNS framework for neutrino oscillations.

    hep-exhep-phPRD(2024)·51 citations
  19. 19*

    Quark structure of isoscalar- and isovector-scalar mesons and nuclear matter property

    Yao Ma🇨🇳 · Yong-Liang Ma🇨🇳

    It was found that the isoscalar-scalar and isovector-scalar mesons play significant roles in nuclear matter physics. However, the underlying structures of these resonances are not yet well understood. We construct a three-flavor baryonic extended linear sigma model including both the two- and four-quark constitutes of scalar mesons with respect to the axial transformation and study the nuclear matter properties with relativistic mean field method. The nuclear matter properties at saturation density and hadron spectrums are well reproduced with this model simultaneously and, only the two-quark component of the scalar mesons couple to baryon fields and dominates the nuclear force. A plateau-like structure is found in the symmetry energy of nuclear matter due to the multi-meson couplings, and it's crucial for understanding the neutron skin thickness of and the tidal deformation of neutron star from GW170817. At high density regions, the vector mesons are found to be rather crucial, especially the ones coupling with four-quark configurations. This model can be easily extended to study neutron stars, even with hyperons in their interior.

    nucl-thhep-phPRD(2024)·10 citations
  20. 20*

    Self Dual Black Holes as the Hydrogen Atom

    Alfredo Guevara🇺🇸 · Uri Kol🇺🇸

    Rotating black holes exhibit a remarkable set of hidden symmetries near their horizon. These hidden symmetries have been shown to determine phenomena such as absorption scattering, superradiance and more recently tidal deformations, also known as Love numbers. They have also led to a proposal for a dual thermal CFT with left and right movers recovering the entropy of the black hole. In this work we provide a constructive explanation of these hidden symmetries via analytic continuation to Klein signature. We first show that the near-horizon region of extremal black holes is a Kleinian static solution with mass and NUT charge . We then analyze the self-dual solution, namely a Kerr black hole with a NUT charge . Remarkably, the self-dual solution is self-similar to its near-horizon region and hence approximate symmetries become exact: in particular, the original two isometries of Kerr are promoted to seven exact symmetries embedded in a conformal algebra. We analyze its full conformal group in Kleinian twistor space, where a breaking occurs due to the insertion of a preferred time direction for the black hole. Finally, we show that the spectrum of the self-dual black hole is integrable and that the eigenvalue problem can be mapped exactly to the Hydrogen atom where the wavefunction is solved in terms of elementary polynomials. Perturbing to astrophysical black holes with , we obtain a hyperfine splitting structure.

    hep-thastro-ph.HEgr-qchep-ph+231 citations
  21. 21*

    Light Nuclei Production in Au+Au Collisions at 3 GeV within Thermodynamical Approach: Bulk Properties and Collective Flow

    M. Kozhevnikova🇷🇺 · Yu. B. Ivanov🇷🇺

    We present results of simulations of light-nuclei production in Au+Au collisions at collision energy of 3 GeV within updated Three-fluid Hydrodynamics-based Event Simulator Extended by UrQMD (Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics) final State interactions (THESEUS). The results are compared with recent STAR data. The light-nuclei production is treated within the thermodynamical approach on equal basis with hadrons. The only additional parameter related to the light nuclei is the energy density of late freeze-out that imitates afterburner stage of the collision because the light nuclei do not participate in the UrQMD evolution. It is found that the late freeze-out is preferable for deuterons, tritons, and He. Remarkably, the He observables are better reproduced with the standard freeze-out. This suggests that the He nuclei better survive in the afterburner stage because they are more spatially compact and tightly bound objects. This is an argument in favor of dynamical treatment of light nuclei. The simulations indicate that the collision dynamics is determined by the hadronic phase. The calculated results reveal not perfect but a good reproduction of the data on bulk observables and directed flow. The elliptic flow turns out to be more intricate.

    nucl-thhep-phnucl-exPRC(2024)·9 citations
  22. 22*

    New results from the Muon g-2 Experiment

    Graziano Venanzoni (on behalf of the Muon g-2 Collaboration)🇮🇹

    The Muon g-2 experiment at Fermilab has published the first result on Run-1 dataset in 2021 showing a good agreement with the previous experimental result at Brookhaven National Laboratory at comparable precision (0.46 ppm). In August 2023 we released our new result from Run-2 and Run-3 datasets which allowed to measure to 0.21 ppm, a more than two-fold improved precision respect to Run-1, and which allowed to reach a precision of 0.20 ppm when combined with the Run-1 result. We will discuss the improvements of the Run-2/3 analysis respect to Run-1, the current status of the theory prediction, and the future prospects.

    hep-exhep-phPoS(2024)·24 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.