HEP Phenomenology·hep-ph

Wed·Nov 1, 2023Wednesday·November 1, 2023

42 papers—30 primary·12 cross-listed·reconstructed*

01*
Dissociation of J/ $ψ$ and $Υ$ using dissociation energy criteria in N-dimensional space
Siddhartha Solanki🇮🇳 · Manohar Lal🇮🇳 · Vineet Kumar Agotiya🇮🇳
The analytical exact iteration method (AEIM) have been used widely to calculate N-dimensional radial Schrodinger equation with medium modified form of Cornell potential and is generalized to the finite value of magnetic field (eB) with quasi-particle approach in hot quantum chromodynamics (QCD) medium. In N-dimensional space the energy eigen values have been calculated for any states (n,l). These results have been used to study the properties of quarkonium states (i.e, the binding energy and mass spectra, dissociation temperature and thermodynamical properties in the N-dimensional space). We have determined the binding energy of the ground states of quarkonium with magnetic field and dimensionality number. We have also determined the effects of magnetic field and dimensionality number on mass spectra for ground states of quarkonia. But main result is quite noticeable for the values of dissociation temperature in terms of magnetic field and dimensionality number for ground states of quarkonia after using the criteria of dissociation energy. At last, we have also calculated the thermodynamical properties of QGP (i.e., pressure, energy density and speed of sound) using the parameter eB with ideal equation of states (EoS).
hep-phAdv.High Energy Phys.(2024)·0 citations
02*
Spectator-model studies for spin-dependent gluon TMD PDFs at the LHC and EIC
Alessandro Bacchetta🇮🇹 · Francesco Giovanni Celiberto🇪🇸 · Marco Radici🇮🇹
We present novel analyses on accessing the 3D gluon content of the proton via spin-dependent TMD gluon densities, calculated through the spectator-model approach. Our formalism embodies a fit-based spectator-mass modulation function, suited to catch longitudinal-momentum effects in a wide kinematic range. Particular attention is paid to the time-reversal even Boer--Mulders and the time-reversal odd Sivers functions, whose accurate knowledge, needed to perform precise 3D analyses of nucleons, motivates synergies between LHC and EIC Communities.
hep-phPoS(2024)·14 citations
03*
Primordial Magnetogenesis in the Two-Higgs-doublet Model
María Olalla Olea-Romacho🇫🇷
$γ$ -ray emission of blazars infer the presence of large-scale magnetic fields in the intergalactic medium, but their origin remains a mystery. Using recent data from MAGIC, H.E.S.S. and $Fermi$ -LAT, we investigate whether the large-scale magnetic fields in the intergalactic medium could have been generated by a first-order electroweak phase transition in the two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM). We study two representative scenarios where we vary the initial conditions of the magnetic field and the plasma, assuming either a primordial magnetic field with maximal magnetic helicity or a primordial magnetic field with negligible magnetic helicity in a plasma with kinetic helicity. By considering a primordial magnetic field with maximal helicity and applying the conservative constraints derived from MAGIC and $Fermi$ -LAT data, we demonstrate that a first-order electroweak phase transition within the 2HDM may account for the observed intergalactic magnetic fields in the case of the strongest transitions. We show that this parameter space also predicts strong gravitational wave signals in the reach of space-based detectors such as LISA, providing a striking multi-messenger signal of the 2HDM.
hep-phastro-ph.HEPRD(2024)·16 citations
04*
Constraints on Hidden Sectors Using Rare Kaon Decays
D. Cogollo🇧🇷 · M. J. Neves🇧🇷 · Tessio B. de Melo🇨🇱 · Alvaro S. de Jesus🇧🇷 · Y. M. Oviedo-Torres🇧🇷 · F. S. Queiroz🇧🇷
The charged Kaon meson ( $K^{+}$ ) features several hadronic decay modes, but the most relevant contribution to its decay width stems from the leptonic decay $K^{+} \to μ^{+} ν_{μ}$ . Given the precision acquired on the rare decay mode $K^{+} \to μ^{+} ν_{μ} + X$ , one can use the data to set constraints on sub-GeV hidden sectors featuring light species that could contribute to it. Light gauge bosons that couple to muons could give rise to sizeable contributions. In this work, we will use data from the $K^{+} \to μ^{+} ν_{μ} l^{+} l^{-}$ , and $K^{+} \to μ^{+} ν_{μ} ν ν ˉ$ decays to place limits on light vector bosons present in Two Higgs Doublet Models (2HDM) augmented by an Abelian gauge symmetry, 2HDM- $U (1)_{X}$ . We put our findings into perpective with collider bounds, atomic parity violation, neutrino-electron scattering, and polarized electron scattering probes to show that rare Kaon decays provide competitive bounds in the sub-GeV mass range for different values of $tan β$ .
hep-phMod.Phys.Lett.A(2025)·2 citations
05*
Dark matter phenomenology in Z'2 broken singlet extended 2HDM
Julia Anabell Ziegler🇩🇪 · Juhi Dutta🇺🇸 · Jayita Lahiri🇩🇪 · Cheng Li🇩🇪 · Gudrid Moortgat-Pick🇩🇪 · Sheikh Farah Tabira🇩🇪
Many different approaches have been made to explain the nature of dark matter (DM), but it remains and unsolved mystery of our universe. In this work we examine a type II two-Higgs-doublet model extended by a complex singlet (2HDMS), where the pseudo-scalar component of the singlet acts as a natural DM candidate. The DM candidate is stabilized by a Z'2 symmetry, which is broken spontaneously by the singlet acquiring a vacuum expectation value (vev). This vev in turn causes the scalar component of the singlet to mix with the scalar components of the two doublets, which results in three scalar Higgs particles. Additionally we aim to include an excess around 95 GeV, which was observed at CSM and LEP and can be explained by one of the three scalar Higgs particles. After introducing the model, we apply experimental and theoretical constraints and find a viable benchmark point. We then look into the DM phenomenology as well as collider phenomenology.
hep-phPoS(2024)·1 citation
06*
Evolution of topological charge through chiral anomaly transport
Zilin Yuan🇨🇳 · Anping Huang🇨🇳 · Wen-Hao Zhou🇨🇳 · Guo-Liang Ma🇨🇳 · Mei Huang🇨🇳
Built upon the state-of-the-art model a multiphase transport (AMPT), we develop a new module of chiral anomaly transport (CAT), which can trace the evolution of the initial topological charge of gauge field created through sphaleron transition at finite temperature and external magnetic field in heavy ion collisions. The eventual experimental signals of chiral magnetic effect(CME) can be measured. The CAT explicitly shows the generation and evolution of the charge separation, and the signals of CME through the CAT are quantitatively in agreement with the experimental measurements in Au+Au collision at $s = 200 GeV$ , and the centrality dependence of the CME fraction follows that of the fireball temperature.
hep-phnucl-thPRC(2024)·10 citations
07*
Relativistic description of asymmetric fully heavy tetraquarks in the diquark-antidiquark model
V. O. Galkin🇷🇺 · E. M. Savchenko🇷🇺
Masses of the ground, orbitally and radially excited states of the asymmetric fully heavy tetraquarks, composed of charm (c) and bottom (b) quarks and antiquarks are calculated in the relativistic diquark-antidiquark picture. The relativistic quark model based on the quasipotential approach and quantum chromodynamics is used to construct the quasipotentials of the quark-quark and diquark-antidiquark interactions. These quasipotentials consist of the short-range one-gluon exchange and long-distance linear confinement interactions. Relativistic effects are consistently taken into account. A tetraquark is considered as a bound state of a diquark and an antidiquark which are treated as a spatially extended colored objects and interact as a whole. It is shown that most of the investigated tetraquarks states (including all ground states) lie above the fall-apart strong decay thresholds into a meson pair. As a result they can be observed as wide resonances. Nevertheless, several orbitally excited states lie slightly above or even below these fall-apart thresholds, thus they could be narrow states.
hep-phhep-exEPJA(2024)·29 citations
08*
Large extra dimensions from higher-dimensional inflation
Luis A. Anchordoqui🇺🇸 · Ignatios Antoniadis🇫🇷
We propose the possibility that compact extra dimensions can obtain large size by higher dimensional inflation, relating the weakness of the actual gravitational force to the size of the observable universe. Solution to the horizon problem implies that the fundamental scale of gravity is smaller than $1 0^{13}$ GeV which can be realised in a braneworld framework for any number of extra dimensions. However, requirement of (approximate) flat power spectrum of primordial density fluctuations consistent with present observations makes this simple proposal possible only for one extra dimension at around the micron scale. After the end of five-dimensional inflation, the radion modulus can be stabilised at a vacuum with positive energy of the order of the present dark energy scale. An attractive possibility is based on the contribution to the Casimir energy of right-handed neutrinos with a mass at a similar scale.
hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thPRD(2024)·35 citations
09*
The $q^{2}$ moments in inclusive semileptonic $B$ decays
Gael Finauri🇩🇪 · Paolo Gambino🇮🇹
We compute the first moments of the $q^{2}$ distribution in inclusive semileptonic $B$ decays as functions of the lower cut on $q^{2}$ , confirming a number of results given in the literature and adding the $O (α_{s}^{2} β_{0})$ BLM contributions. We then include the $q^{2}$ -moments recently measured by Belle and Belle II in a global fit to the moments. The new data are compatible with the other measurements and slightly decrease the uncertainty on the nonperturbative parameters and on $∣ V_{c b} ∣$ . Our updated value is $∣ V_{c b} ∣ = (41.97 \pm 0.48) \times 1 0^{- 3}$ .
hep-phhep-exJHEP(2024)·69 citations
10*
Flavor Hierarchies in Fundamental Partial Compositeness
Florian Goertz🇩🇪 · Álvaro Pastor-Gutiérrez🇩🇪 · Jan M. Pawlowski🇩🇪
The idea of partial compositeness (PC) in Composite Higgs models offers an attractive means to explain the flavour hierarchies observed in nature. In this talk, predictions of a minimal UV realisation of PC, considering each Standard-Model (SM) fermion to mix linearly with a bound state consisting of a new scalar and a new fermion, are presented, taking into account the dynamical emergence of the composites. Employing the non-perturbative functional renormalisation group, the scaling of the relevant correlation functions is examined and the resulting SM-fermion mass spectrum is analysed.
hep-phhep-thPoS(2024)·0 citations
11*
Understanding the transverse-spherocity biased data from pp collisions at the LHC energies
Antonio Ortiz🇲🇽 · Lizardo Valencia Palomo🇲🇽 · Victor Manuel Minjares Neriz🇲🇽
The ALICE collaboration recently reported the mean transverse momentum as a function of charged-particle multiplicity for different pp-collisions classes defined based on the "jettiness" of the event. The event "jettiness" is quantified using transverse spherocity that is measured at midpseudorapidity ( $∣ η ∣ < 0.8$ ) considering charged particles with transverse momentum within $0.15 < p_{T} < 10$ GeV/ $c$ . Comparisons to PYTHIA 8 (tune Monash) predictions show a notable disagreement between the event generator and data for jetty events that increases as a function of charged-particle multiplicity. This paper reports on the origin of such a disagreement using PYTHIA 8 event generator. Since at intermediate and high $p_{T}$ ( $2 < p_{T} < 10$ GeV/ $c$ ), the spectral shape is expected to be modified by color reconnection or jets, their effects on the average $p_{T}$ are studied. The results indicate that the origin of the discrepancy is the overpredicted multijet yield by PYTHIA 8 which increases with the charged particle multiplicity. This finding is important to understand the way transverse spherocity and multiplicity bias the pp collisions, and how well models like PYTHIA 8 reproduce those biases. The studies are pertinent since transverse spherocity is currently used as an event classifier by experiments at the LHC.
hep-phnucl-exUniverse(2024)·6 citations
12*
Revisiting $K_{1} (1270) - K_{1} (1400)$ mixing in QCD sum rules
Yu-Ji Shi🇨🇳 · Jun Zeng🇨🇳 · Zhi-Fu Deng🇨🇳
We investigate the $K_{1} (1270) - K_{1} (1400)$ mixing caused by the flavor $S U (3)$ symmetry breaking. The mixing angle is expressed by a $K_{1 A} \to K_{1 B}$ matrix element induced by the operators that breaks flavor $S U (3)$ symmetry. The QCD contribution to this matrix element is assumed to be dominated and calculated by QCD sum rules. A three-point correlation function is defined and handled both at the hadron and quark-gluon levels. The quark-gluon level calculation is based on operator product expansion up to dimension-5 condensates. A detailed numerical analysis is performed to determine the Borel parameters, and the obtained mixing angle is $θ_{K_{1}} = 2 2^{\circ} \pm 7^{\circ}$ or $θ_{K_{1}} = 6 8^{\circ} \pm 7^{\circ}$ .
hep-phhep-exPRD(2024)·11 citations
13*
A forecast of the sensitivity of the DALI Experiment to Galactic axion dark matter
Juan F. Hernández Cabrera🇪🇸 · Javier De Miguel🇯🇵 · Enrique Joven Álvarez🇪🇸 · E. Hernández-Suárez🇪🇸 · J. Alberto Rubiiño-Martín🇪🇸 · Chiko Otani🇯🇵
The axion is a long-postulated boson that can simultaneously solve two fundamental problems of modern physics: the charge-parity symmetry problem in the strong interaction and the enigma of dark matter. In this work we estimate, by means of Monte Carlo simulations, the sensitivity of the Dark-photons $&$ Axion-Like particles Interferometer (DALI), a new-generation Fabry-Pérot haloscope proposed to probe axion dark matter in the 25-250 $μ$ eV band.
hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.IMhep-exSymmetry(2024)·7 citations
14*
Direct detection of dark matter: a critical review
Marcin Misiaszek🇵🇱 · Nicola Rossi🇮🇹
The nature of the dark matter in the Universe is one of the hardest unsolved problems in modern physics. Indeed, on one hand, the overwhelming indirect evidence from astrophysics seems to leave no doubt about its existence; on the other hand, direct search experiments, especially those conducted with low background detectors in underground laboratories all over the world seem to deliver only null results, with a few debated exceptions. Furthermore, the lack of predicted candidates at the LHC energy scale has made this dichotomy even more puzzling. We will recall the most important phases of this novel branch of experimental astro-particle physics, analyzing the interconnections among the main projects involved in this challenging quest, and we will draw conclusions slightly different from how the problem is commonly understood.
hep-phastro-ph.GAgr-qchep-exSymmetry(2024)·76 citations
15*
Kinetic recoupling of dark matter
Benjamin V. Lehmann🇺🇸 · Logan Morrison🇺🇸 · Stefano Profumo🇺🇸 · Nolan Smyth🇺🇸
We study the possibility that dark matter re-enters kinetic equilibrium with a radiation bath after kinetic decoupling, a scenario we dub kinetic recoupling. This naturally occurs, for instance, with certain types of resonantly-enhanced interactions, or as the result of a phase transition. While late kinetic decoupling damps structure on small scales below a cutoff, kinetic recoupling produces more complex changes in the power spectrum that depend on the nature and extent of the recoupling period. We explore the features that kinetic recoupling imprints upon the matter power spectrum, and discuss how such features can be traced to dark matter microphysics with future observations.
hep-phastro-ph.COJCAP(2024)·3 citations
16*
Analytic decay width of the Higgs boson to massive bottom quarks at next-to-next-to-leading order in QCD
Jian Wang🇨🇳 · Yefan Wang🇨🇳 · Da-Jiang Zhang🇨🇳
The Higgs boson decay to a massive bottom quark pair provides the dominant contribution to the Higgs boson width. We present an exact result for such a decay induced by the bottom quark Yukawa coupling with next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD corrections. We have adopted the canonical differential equations in the calculation and obtained the result in terms of multiple polylogarithms. We also compute the contribution from the decay to four bottom quarks which consists of complete elliptic integrals or their one-fold integrals. The result in the small bottom quark mass limit coincides with the previous calculation using the large momentum expansion. The threshold expansion exhibits power divergent terms in the bottom quark velocity, which has a structure different from that in $e^{+} e^{-} \to t t ˉ$ but can be reproduced by computing the corresponding Coulomb Green function. The NNLO corrections significantly reduce the uncertainties from both the renormalization scale and the renormalization scheme of the bottom quark Yukawa coupling. Our result can be applied to a heavy scalar decay to a top quark pair.
hep-phJHEP(2024)·10 citations
17*
The anomalous chiral Lagrangian at order $p^{8}$
Johan Bijnens🇸🇪 · Nils Hermansson-Truedsson🇸🇪 · Joan Ruiz-Vidal🇸🇪
We derive the order $p^{8}$ Lagrangian of odd intrinsic parity for mesonic chiral perturbation theory, and provide the resulting operator basis in the supplementary material. Neglecting the non-zero singlet trace, we find $999$ operators for a general number of quark flavours $N_{f}$ , $705$ for $N_{f} = 3$ and $92$ for $N_{f} = 2$ . Our numbers agree with those obtained through the Hilbert series approach in the literature. Including a singlet trace, as needed for the physical case of $N_{f} = 2$ , instead yields $1210$ operators for a general $N_{f}$ , $892$ for $N_{f} = 3$ and $211$ for $N_{f} = 2$ .
hep-phhep-thJHEP(2024)·10 citations
18*
Hybrid Hadronization of Jet Showers from $e^{+} + e^{-}$ to $A + A$ with JETSCAPE
Cameron Parker🇺🇸 · Aaron Angerami🇺🇸 · Ritu Arora🇺🇸 · Steffen Bass🇺🇸 · Shanshan Cao🇨🇳 · Yi Chen🇺🇸 · Raymond Ehlers🇺🇸 · Hannah Elfner🇩🇪 · Wenkai Fan🇺🇸 · Rainer J. Fries🇺🇸 · Charles Gale🇨🇦 · Yayun He🇨🇳 and 39 other authors
In this talk we review jet production in a large variety of collision systems using the JETSCAPE event generator and Hybrid Hadronization. Hybrid Hadronization combines quark recombination, applicable when distances between partons in phase space are small, and string fragmentation appropriate for dilute parton systems. It can therefore smoothly describe the transition from very dilute parton systems like $e^{+} + e^{-}$ to full $A + A$ collisions. We test this picture by using JETSCAPE to generate jets in various systems. Comparison to experimental data in $e^{+} + e^{-}$ and $p + p$ collisions allows for a precise tuning of vacuum baseline parameters in JETSCAPE and Hybrid Hadronization. Proceeding to systems with jets embedded in a medium, we study in-medium hadronization for jet showers. We quantify the effects of an ambient medium, focusing in particular on the dependence on the collective flow and size of the medium. Our results clarify the effects we expect from in-medium hadronization of jets on observables like fragmentation functions, hadron chemistry and jet shape.
hep-phnucl-exnucl-thPoS(2024)·3 citations
19*
Experimental probes and theoretical concepts for BSM trilinear couplings: a case study for scalar top quarks
Henning Bahl🇺🇸 · Johannes Braathen🇩🇪 · Georg Weiglein🇩🇪
After the possible discovery of new particles, it will be crucial to determine the properties, and in particular the couplings, of the new states. Here, we focus on scalar trilinear couplings, employing as an example the case of the trilinear coupling of scalar top quarks (stops) to the Higgs boson in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). We discuss possible strategies for experimentally determining the stop trilinear coupling parameter, which controls the stop--stop--Higgs interaction, and we demonstrate the impact of different prescriptions for the renormalisation of this parameter. We find that the best prospects for determining the stop trilinear coupling arise from its quantum effects entering the model prediction for the mass of the SM-like Higgs boson in comparison to the measured value, pointing out that the prediction for the Higgs-boson mass has a high sensitivity to the stop trilinear coupling even for heavy masses of the non-standard particles. Regarding the renormalisation of the stop trilinear coupling, we identify a renormalisation scheme that is preferred given the present level of accuracy, and we clarify the origin of potentially large logarithms that cannot be resummed with standard renormalisation group methods.
hep-phPoS(2024)·0 citations
20*
Harmonics of Lepton-Jet Correlations in inclusive and diffractive scatterings
Xuan-Bo Tong🇫🇮 · Bo-Wen Xiao🇨🇳 · Yuan-Yuan Zhang🇨🇳
Based on our previous work, we study the harmonic coefficient of both inclusive and diffractive azimuthal angle dependent lepton-jet correlations in Hadron-Electron Ring Accelerator and the future electron-ion collider. Numerical calculations for inclusive and diffractive harmonics and the ratio of harmonics in $e + Au$ ~and $e + p$ indicate their strong discriminating power for non-saturation model and saturation model. Additionally, we demonstrate that the t-dependent diffractive harmonics can serve as novel observables for nuclear density profile.
hep-phnucl-thPRD(2024)·15 citations
21*
New constraints on extended scalar sectors from the trilinear Higgs coupling
Henning Bahl🇺🇸 · Johannes Braathen🇩🇪 · Georg Weiglein🇩🇪
The trilinear Higgs coupling $λ_{hhh}$ is a crucial tool to probe the structure of the Higgs potential and to search for possible effects of physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). Focusing on the Two-Higgs-Doublet Model as a concrete example, we identify parameter regions in which $λ_{hhh}$ is significantly enhanced with respect to its SM prediction. Taking into account all relevant corrections up to the two-loop level, we show that current experimental bounds on $λ_{hhh}$ already rule out significant parts of the otherwise unconstrained parameter space. We illustrate the interpretation of the current results and future measurement prospects on $λ_{hhh}$ for a benchmark scenario. Recent results from direct searches for BSM scalars in the $A \to Z H$ channel and their implications will also be discussed in this context.
hep-phPoS(2024)·1 citation
22*
Phenomenology of Lepton Masses and Mixing with Discrete Flavor Symmetries
Garv Chauhan🇺🇸 · P. S. Bhupal Dev🇺🇸 · Ievgen Dubovyk🇵🇱 · Bartosz Dziewit🇵🇱 · Wojciech Flieger🇩🇪 · Krzysztof Grzanka🇵🇱 · Janusz Gluza🇵🇱 · Biswajit Karmakar🇵🇱 · Szymon Zięba🇵🇱
The observed pattern of fermion masses and mixing is an outstanding puzzle in particle physics, generally known as the flavor problem. Over the years, guided by precision neutrino oscillation data, discrete flavor symmetries have often been used to explain the neutrino mixing parameters, which look very different from the quark sector. In this review, we discuss the application of non-Abelian finite groups to the theory of neutrino masses and mixing in the light of current and future neutrino oscillation data. We start with an overview of the neutrino mixing parameters, comparing different global fit results and limits on normal and inverted neutrino mass ordering schemes. Then, we discuss a general framework for implementing discrete family symmetries to explain neutrino masses and mixing. We discuss CP violation effects, giving an update of CP predictions for trimaximal models with nonzero reactor mixing angle and models with partial $μ - τ$ reflection symmetry, and constraining models with neutrino mass sum rules. The connection between texture zeroes and discrete symmetries is also discussed. We summarize viable higher-order groups, which can explain the observed pattern of lepton mixing where the non-zero $θ_{13}$ plays an important role. We also review the prospects of embedding finite discrete symmetries in the Grand Unified Theories and with extended Higgs fields. Models based on modular symmetry are also briefly discussed. A major part of the review is dedicated to the phenomenology of flavor symmetries and possible signatures in the current and future experiments at the intensity, energy, and cosmic frontiers. In this context, we discuss flavor symmetry implications for neutrinoless double beta decay, collider signals, leptogenesis, dark matter, as well as gravitational waves.
hep-phPPNP(2024)·65 citations
23*
Application of Fermion Quantum Number $F$ and Unit Electroweak Charge $F_{0}$ in the Electroweak Theory
Xin-Hua Ma🇨🇳
In the previous work, the traditional flavor-related additive quantum numbers were substituted by the fermion quantum number and the unit electroweak charge, which are, same as the electric charge, conserved in electromagnetic interaction, weak interaction and strong interaction. The empirical selection rules in electroweak interaction were found that they can be interpreted by conservation of the fermion quantum number. In this paper, the weak isospin and the weak hypercharge in the electroweak theory are demonstrated to be equivalent to half of the fermion quantum number and the unit electroweak charge respectively. Therefore, we can unify the traditional flavor-related additive quantum numbers and the additive quantum numbers in the electroweak theory by using only two numbers. Furthermore, we can take a new point of view on the electroweak theory by using these two numbers.
hep-phGeom.Int.Quant.(2025)·0 citations
24*
New Physics in the Third Generation: A Comprehensive SMEFT Analysis and Future Prospects
Lukas Allwicher🇨🇭 · Claudia Cornella🇩🇪 · Gino Isidori🇨🇭 · Ben A. Stefanek🇬🇧
We present a comprehensive analysis of electroweak, flavor, and collider bounds on the complete set of dimension-six SMEFT operators in the $U (2)^{5}$ -symmetric limit. This operator basis provides a consistent framework to describe a wide class of new physics models and, in particular, the motivated class of models where the new degrees of freedom couple mostly to the third generation. By analyzing observables from all three sectors, and consistently including renormalization group evolution, we provide bounds on the effective scale of all 124 $U (2)^{5}$ -invariant operators. The relation between flavor-conserving and flavor-violating observables is analyzed taking into account the leading $U (2)^{5}$ breaking in the Yukawa sector, which is responsible for heavy-light quark mixing. We show that under simple, motivated, and non-tuned hypotheses for the parametric size of the Wilson coefficients at the high scale, all present bounds are consistent with an effective scale as low as 1.5 TeV. We also show that a future circular $e^{+} e^{-}$ collider program such as FCC-ee would push most of these bounds by an order of magnitude. This would rule out or provide clear evidence for a wide class of compelling new physics models that are fully compatible with present data.
hep-phJHEP(2024)·113 citations
25*
Anomalies in global SMEFT analyses: a case study of first-row CKM unitarity
Vincenzo Cirigliano🇺🇸 · Wouter Dekens🇺🇸 · Jordy de Vries🇳🇱 · Emanuele Mereghetti🇺🇸 · Tom Tong🇩🇪
Recent developments in the Standard Model analysis of semileptonic charged-current processes involving light quarks have revealed $\sim 3 σ$ tensions in Cabibbo universality tests involving meson, neutron, and nuclear beta decays. In this paper, we explore beyond the Standard Model explanations of this so-called Cabibbo Angle Anomaly in the framework of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT), including not only low-energy charged current processes (`L'), but also electroweak precision observables (`EW') and Drell-Yan collider processes (`C') that probe the same underlying physics across a broad range of energy scales. The resulting `CLEW' framework not only allows one to test explanations of the Cabibbo Angle Anomaly, but is set up to provide near model-independent analyses with minimal assumptions on the flavor structure of the SMEFT operators. Besides the global analysis, we consider a large number of simpler scenarios, each with a subset of SMEFT operators, and investigate how much they improve upon the Standard Model fit. We find that the most favored scenarios, as judged by the Akaike Information Criterion, are those that involve right-handed charged currents. Additional interactions, namely oblique operators, terms modifying the Fermi constant, and operators involving right-handed neutral currents, play a role if the CDF determination of the $W$ mass is included in the analysis.
hep-phhep-exnucl-thJHEP(2024)·58 citations
26*
Annihilation of electroweak dumbbells
Teerthal Patel🇺🇸 · Tanmay Vachaspati🇺🇸
We study the annihilation of electroweak dumbbells and the dependence of their dynamics on initial dumbbell length and twist. Untwisted dumbbells decay rapidly while maximally twisted dumbbells collapse to form a compact sphaleron-like object, before decaying into radiation. The decay products of a dumbbell include electromagnetic magnetic fields with energy that is a few percent of the initial energy. The magnetic field from the decay of twisted dumbbells carries magnetic helicity with magnitude that depends on the twist, and handedness that depends on the decay pathway.
hep-phhep-thJHEP(2024)·7 citations
27*
Heavy Baryon Dark Matter from $S U (N)$ Confinement: Bubble Wall Velocity and Boundary Effects
Yann Gouttenoire🇮🇱 · Eric Kuflik🇮🇱 · Di Liu🇫🇷
Confinement in $S U (N_{DC})$ Yang-Mills theories is known to proceed through first-order phase transition. The wall velocity is bounded by $v_{w} ≲ 1 0^{- 6}$ due to the needed time for the substantial latent heat released during the phase transition to dissipate through Hubble expansion. Quarks much heavier than the confinement scale can be introduced without changing the confinement dynamics. After they freeze-out, heavy quarks are squeezed into pockets of the deconfined phase until they completely annihilate with anti-quarks. We calculate the dark baryon abundance surviving annihilation, due to bound-state formation occurring both in the bulk and - for the first time - at the boundary. We find that dark baryons can be dark matter with a mass up to $1 0^{3} TeV$ . We study indirect and direct detection, CMB and BBN probes, assuming portals to Higgs and neutrinos.
hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2024)·25 citations
28*
Reviving MeV-GeV Indirect Detection with Inelastic Dark Matter
Asher Berlin🇺🇸 · Gordan Krnjaic🇺🇸 · Elena Pinetti🇺🇸
Thermal relic dark matter below $\sim 10 GeV$ is excluded by cosmic microwave background data if its annihilation to visible particles is unsuppressed near the epoch of recombination. Usual model-building measures to avoid this bound involve kinematically suppressing the annihilation rate in the low-velocity limit, thereby yielding dim prospects for indirect detection signatures at late times. In this work, we investigate a class of cosmologically-viable sub-GeV thermal relics with late-time annihilation rates that are detectable with existing and proposed telescopes across a wide range of parameter space. We study a representative model of inelastic dark matter featuring a stable state $χ_{1}$ and a slightly heavier excited state $χ_{2}$ whose abundance is thermally depleted before recombination. Since the kinetic energy of dark matter in the Milky Way is much larger than it is during recombination, $χ_{1} χ_{1} \to χ_{2} χ_{2}$ upscattering can efficiently regenerate a cosmologically long-lived Galactic population of $χ_{2}$ , whose subsequent coannihilations with $χ_{1}$ give rise to observable gamma-rays in the $\sim 1 MeV - 100 MeV$ energy range. We find that proposed MeV gamma-ray telescopes, such as e-ASTROGAM, AMEGO, and MAST, would be sensitive to much of the thermal relic parameter space in this class of models and thereby enable both discovery and model discrimination in the event of a signal at accelerator or direct detection experiments.
hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2024)·33 citations
29*
Comprehensive constraints on heavy sterile neutrinos from core-collapse supernovae
Pierluca Carenza🇸🇪 · Giuseppe Lucente🇮🇹 · Leonardo Mastrototaro🇮🇹 · Alessandro Mirizzi🇮🇹 · Pasquale Dario Serpico🇫🇷
Sterile neutrinos with masses up to $O (100)$ MeV can be copiously produced in a supernova (SN) core, through the mixing with active neutrinos. In this regard the SN 1987A detection of neutrino events has been used to put constraints on active-sterile neutrino mixing, exploiting the well-known SN cooling argument. We refine the calculation of this limit including neutral current interactions with nucleons, that constitute the dominant channel for sterile neutrino production. We also include, for the first time, the charged current interactions between sterile neutrinos and muons, relevant for the production of sterile neutrinos mixed with muon neutrinos in the SN core. Using the recent modified luminosity criterion, we extend the bounds to the case where sterile states are trapped in the stellar core. Additionally, we study the decays of heavy sterile neutrinos, affecting the SN explosion energy and possibly producing a gamma-ray signal. We also illustrate the complementarity of our new bounds with cosmological bounds and laboratory searches.
hep-phPRD(2024)·53 citations
30*
Baryonic dark forces in electron-beam fixed-target experiments
Safa Ben Othman🇨🇦 · Armita Jalooli🇨🇦 · Sean Tulin🇨🇦
New GeV-scale dark forces coupling predominantly to quarks offer novel signatures that can be produced directly and searched for at high-luminosity colliders. We compute the photon-proton and electron-proton cross sections for producing a GeV-scale gauge boson arising from a $U (1)_{B}$ gauge symmetry. Our calculation relies on vector meson dominance and a phenomenological model for diffractive scattering used for vector-meson photoproduction. The parameters of our phenomenological model are fixed by performing a Markov Chain Monte Carlo fit to existing exclusive photoproduction data for $ω$ and $ϕ$ mesons. Our approach can be generalized to other GeV-scale dark gauge forces.
hep-phhep-exJHEP(2024)·0 citations
31*
Tropical Feynman integration in the physical region
Michael Borinsky🇨🇭 · Henrik J. Munch🇮🇹 · Felix Tellander🇩🇪
The software feyntrop for direct numerical evaluation of Feynman integrals is presented. We focus on the underlying combinatorics and polytopal geometries facilitating these methods. Especially matroids, generalized permutohedra and normality are discussed in detail.
↳ hep-thhep-phPoS(2024)·1 citation
32*
Observational constraints on early dark energy
Evan McDonough🇨🇦 · J. Colin Hill🇺🇸 · Mikhail M. Ivanov🇺🇸 · Adrien La Posta🇫🇷 · Michael W. Toomey🇺🇸
We review and update constraints on the Early Dark Energy (EDE) model from cosmological data sets, in particular Planck PR3 and PR4 cosmic microwave background (CMB) data and large-scale structure (LSS) data sets including galaxy clustering and weak lensing data from the Dark Energy Survey, Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam, and KiDS+VIKING-450, as well as BOSS/eBOSS galaxy clustering and Lyman- $α$ forest data. We detail the fit to CMB data, and perform the first analyses of EDE using the CAMSPEC and Hillipop likelihoods for Planck CMB data, rather than Plik, both of which yield a tighter upper bound on the allowed EDE fraction than that found with Plik. We then supplement CMB data with large-scale structure data in a series of new analyses. All these analyses are concordant in their Bayesian preference for $Λ$ CDM over EDE, as indicated by marginalized posterior distributions. We perform a series of tests of the impact of priors in these results, and compare with frequentist analyses based on the profile likelihood, finding qualitative agreement with the Bayesian results. All these tests suggest prior volume effects are not a determining factor in analyses of EDE. This work provides both a review of existing constraints and several new analyses.
↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thInt.J.Mod.Phys.D(2024)·65 citations
33*
Evolution of Parton Distribution Functions in the Short-Distance Factorization Scheme
H. Dutrieux🇺🇸 · J. Karpie🇺🇸 · C. Monahan🇺🇸 · K. Orginos🇺🇸 · S. Zafeiropoulos🇫🇷
Lattice QCD offers the possibility of computing parton distributions from first principles, although not in the usual $M S$ factorization scheme. We study in this paper the evolution of non-singlet parton distribution functions (PDFs) in the short-distance factorization scheme which notably arises in lattice calculations in the pseudo-distribution approach. We provide an assessment of non-perturbative evolution of PDFs from already published lattice matrix elements, and show how this evolution can be used to reduce the fluctuation of the lattice data. We compare our result with expectations obtained thanks to a perturbative matching to $M S$ . By highlighting the limitations of the current computations, we advocate for a new strategy using lattice calculations in small volume.
↳ hep-lathep-phJHEP(2024)·9 citations
34*
Exploring Neutrino Mass Orderings through Supernova Neutrino Detection
Maria Manuela Saez🇯🇵
Core-collapse supernovae (SNe) are one of the most powerful cosmic sources of neutrinos, with energies of several MeV. The emission of neutrinos and antineutrinos of all flavors carries away the gravitational binding energy of the compact remnant and drives its evolution from the hot initial to the cold final states. Detecting these neutrinos from Earth and analyzing the emitted signals present a unique opportunity to explore the neutrino mass ordering problem. This research outlines the detection of neutrinos from SNe and their relevance in understanding the neutrino mass ordering. The focus is on developing a model-independent analysis strategy, achieved by comparing distinct detection channels in large underground detectors. The objective is to identify potential indicators of mass ordering within the neutrino sector. Additionally, a thorough statistical analysis is performed on the anticipated neutrino signals for both mass orderings. Despite uncertainties in supernova explosion parameters, an exploration of the parameter space reveals an extensive array of models with significant sensitivity to differentiate between mass orderings. The assessment of various observables and their combinations underscores the potential of forthcoming supernova observations in addressing the neutrino mass ordering problem.
↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phUniverse(2023)·3 citations
35*
Schwinger mechanism of magnon-antimagnon pair production on magnetic field inhomogeneities and the bosonic Klein effect
T. C. Adorno🇨🇳 · S. P. Gavrilov🇷🇺 · D. M. Gitman🇷🇺
Effective field theory of low-energy exitations-magnons that describes antiferromagnets is mapped into scalar electrodynamics of a charged scalar field interacting with an external electromagnetic potential. In the presence of a constant inhomogeneous external magnetic field the latter problem is technically reduced to the problem of charged-particle creation from the vacuum by an electric potential step (x step). Magnetic moment plays here the role of the electric charge, and magnons and antimagnons differ from each other in the sign of the magnetic moment. In the framework of such a consideration, it is important to take into account the vacuum instability (the Schwinger effect) under the magnon-antimagnon production on magnetic field inhomogeneities (an analog of pair creation from the vacuum by electric-like fields). We demonstrate how to use the strong field QED with x steps developed by the authors (SPG and DMG) to study the magnon-antimagnon pair production on magnetic field inhomogeneities. Characteristics of the vacuum instability obtained for some magnetic steps that allows exact solving the Klein-Gordon equation are presented. In particular, we consider examples of magnetic steps with very sharp field derivatives that correspond to a regularization of the Klein step. In the case of smooth-gradient steps, we describe an universal behavior of the flux density of created magnon pairs. We also note that since the low-energy magnons are bosons with small effective mass, then for the first time maybe the opportunity will arise to observe the Schwinger effect in the case of the Bose statistics, in particular, the bosonic Klein effect in laboratory conditions. Moreover, it turns out that in the case of the Bose statistics appears a new mechanism for amplifying the effect of the pair creation, which we call statistically assisted Schwinger effect.
↳ cond-mat.mes-hallhep-phhep-thPRB(2024)·5 citations
36*
Dark Matter Annihilation and Pair-Instability Supernovae
Djuna Croon🇬🇧 · Jeremy Sakstein🇺🇸
We study the evolution of heavy stars ( $M \geq 40 M_{⊙}$ ) undergoing pair-instability in the presence of annihilating dark matter. Focusing on the scenario where the dark matter is in capture-annihilation equilibrium, we model the profile of energy injections in the local thermal equilibrium approximation. We find that significant changes to masses of astrophysical black holes formed by (pulsational) pair-instability supernovae can occur when the ambient dark matter density $ρ_{DM} ≳ 1 0^{9} GeV c m^{- 3}$ . There are two distinct outcomes, depending on the dark matter mass. For masses $m_{DM} ≳ 1$ GeV the DM is primarily confined to the core. The annihilation increases the lifetime of core helium burning, resulting in more oxygen being formed, fueling a more violent explosion during the pair-instability-induced contraction. This drives stronger pulsations, leading to lighter black holes being formed than predicted by the standard model. For masses $m_{DM} ≲ 0.5$ GeV there is significant dark matter in the envelope, leading to a phase where the star is supported by the energy from the annihilation. This reduces the core temperature and density, allowing the star to evade the pair-instability allowing heavier black holes to be formed. We find a mass gap for all models studied.
↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.COastro-ph.IMgr-qc+1PRD(2024)·13 citations
37*
Beyond Best-Fits and Model Selection -- Introducing "Reliability" of cusp-core inference of dark matter halos
Manush Manju · Subhabrata Majumdar
We introduce the notion of a Bayesian analysis motivated `reliability' that gives a truer distinction of cusp-core and other halo-parameters (like mass-concentration) in an ensemble of observed galaxies. Our approach goes beyond the standard statistical techniques of parameter estimation and model fitting. We create hundreds of thousands of realistic mock SPARC RCs, with both cuspy and cored DM density profiles as model inputs. These RCs carefully incorporate the details of SPARC data such as the nature of observed uncertainties and different sources of scatters arising from observation, presence of baryons, DM mass-concentration, etc. Bayesian analysis of these mock RCs enables us to reconstruct and identify the parameter space in galaxy observable and theory where one can venture beyond best-fits to a preferred DM halo model or model selections between different density models. We find that it is imperative to choose low stellar surface density ( $Σ_{⋆}$ ) galaxies for reliable cusp-vs-core distinction; for example, RC data for galaxies with $Σ_{⋆} \leq 2.5$ is needed for a 75\% confidence in distinguishing cusps from cores. Similarly, we also find that for correct estimations of the halo masses and concentrations, the RCs need to be measured to at least a radial distance $\geq 0.8 r_{s}$ where $r_{s}$ is the scale radii of the corresponding DM halo density profiles. Out of the total $\sim$ 135 SPARC galaxies, using our reliability criteria, we find that only 21 RCs clear the bar to be used for any unbiased cusp-core distinction as well as DM halo mass-concentration estimates at $\geq$ 75\% reliability confidence level. With $\geq$ 66\% ( $\geq$ 50\%) reliability settings, the sample size increases to 44 (59). Interestingly, in the $\geq 75$ \% reliable subsample, there are 5 times more galaxies that are reliably cored than cuspy. [Abridged]
↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.GAhep-ph0 citations
38*
Measurement of Angular Coefficients of $B ˉ \to D^{*} ℓ ν ˉ_{ℓ}$ : Implications for $∣ V_{c b} ∣$ and Tests of Lepton Flavor Universality
Belle Collaboration: M. T. Prim🇩🇪 · F. Bernlochner🇩🇪 · F. Metzner🇩🇪 · H. Aihara🇯🇵 · D. M. Asner🇺🇸 · T. Aushev🇷🇺 · R. Ayad🇸🇦 · V. Babu🇩🇪 · Sw. Banerjee🇺🇸 · P. Behera🇮🇳 · K. Belous🇷🇺 · J. Bennett🇺🇸 and 148 other authors
We measure the complete set of angular coefficients $J_{i}$ for exclusive $B ˉ \to D^{*} ℓ ν ˉ_{ℓ}$ decays ( $ℓ = e, μ$ ). Our analysis uses the full $711 fb^{- 1}$ Belle data set with hadronic tag-side reconstruction. The results allow us to extract the form factors describing the $B \to D^{*}$ transition and the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element $∣ V_{cb} ∣$ . Using recent lattice QCD calculations for the hadronic form factors, we find $∣ V_{cb} ∣ = (41.0 \pm 0.7) \times 1 0^{3}$ using the BGL parameterization, compatible with determinations from inclusive semileptonic decays. We search for lepton flavor universality violation as a function of the hadronic recoil parameter $w$ , and investigate the differences of the electron and muon angular distributions. We find no deviation from Standard Model expectations.
↳ hep-exhep-phPRL(2024)·32 citations
39*
Constraints on ultra-slow-roll inflation with the NANOGrav 15-Year Dataset
Bo Mu🇨🇳 · Jing Liu🇨🇳 · Gong Cheng🇨🇳 · Zong-Kuan Guo🇨🇳
Ultra-slow-roll~(USR) inflation predicts an exponential amplification of scalar perturbations at small scales, which leads to a stochastic gravitational wave background~(SGWB) through the coupling of the scalar and tensor modes at the second-order expansion of the Einstein equation. In this work, we search for such a scalar-induced SGWB from the NANOGrav 15-year (NG15) dataset, and find that the SGWB from USR inflation could explain the observed data. The Bayes factors are $54 \pm 5$ for the USR inflation model alone and $68 \pm 6$ for the combined USR inflation plus supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHB) models. We place constraints on the amplitude of the scalar power spectrum to $P_{Rp} > 1 0^{- 1.95}$ at $95%$ confidence level (C.L.) at the scale of $k \sim 20 pc^{- 1}$ . We find that $lo g_{10} P_{Rp}$ degenerates with the peak scale $lo g_{10} k_{p}$ . We also obtain the parameter space allowed by the data in the USR inflationary scenario, where the $e$ -folding numbers of the duration of the USR phase has a lower limit $Δ N > 2.80$ ( $95%$ C.L.) when the USR phase ends at $N \approx 20$ . With astrophysically motivated priors, the NG15 dataset fits both the USR inflation model and SMBHB model equally well.
↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phJCAP(2024)·7 citations
40*
$κ$ -deformed scalar field
Andrea Bevilacqua🇵🇱
In the following work we will introduce and discuss in detail a particular model of complex $κ$ -deformed scalar field, whose behaviour under C, P , T transformation is particularly transparent from both a formal and phenomenological point of view. We will begin by introducing the key mathematical structure at the basis of our investigation, namely the $κ$ -Poincaré (Hopf) algebra and the $κ$ -Minkowski spacetime. We will then investigate the behaviour of general two-particle states under deformed boost. After this we will introduce the action of our $κ$ -deformed complex scalar field. From it, we will derive the equations of motion, as well as the Noether charges due to the continuous symmetries. The peculiar features of $κ$ -deformation in general, and of our model in particular, allow for very non-trivial interaction between discrete and continuous symmetries, of which we will investigate the phenomenological consequences (particularly in terms of difference of lifetime of decaying particles). To conclude, we will obtain the $κ$ -deformed propagator of the $κ$ -deformed complex scalar field, and the imaginary part of the 1-loop contribution to it, ending with additional phenomenological consequences. The third chapter is new, unpublished work.
↳ hep-thgr-qchep-ph2 citations
41*
A Novel Method for Holographic Transport
Tuna Demircik🇵🇱 · Domingo Gallegos🇲🇽 · Umut Gürsoy🇳🇱 · Matti Järvinen🇰🇷 · Ruben Lier🇳🇱
We introduce a novel and effective method to compute transport coefficients in strongly interacting plasma states in holographic QFTs. Our method is based on relating the IR limit of fluctuations on a gravitational background to its variations providing a previously overlooked connection between boundary and near horizon data. We use this method to derive analytic formulas for the viscosities of an ansiotropic plasma state in the presence of an external magnetic field or another isotropy breaking external source. We then apply our findings to holographic QCD.
↳ hep-thhep-ph8 citations
42*
Superallowed nuclear beta decays and precision tests of the Standard Model
Mikhail Gorchtein🇩🇪 · Chien Yeah Seng🇺🇸
For many decades, the main source of information on the top-left corner element of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark mixing matrix $V_{u d}$ were superallowed nuclear beta decays with an impressive 0.01\% precision. This precision, apart from experimental data, relies on theoretical calculations in which nuclear structure-dependent effects and uncertainties play a prime role. This review is dedicated to a thorough reassessment of all ingredients that enter the extraction of the value of $V_{u d}$ from experimental data. We tried to keep balance between historical retrospect and new developments, many of which occurred in just five past years. They have not yet been reviewed in a complete manner, not least because new results are a-coming. This review aims at filling this gap and offers an in-depth yet accessible summary of all recent developments.
↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exAnn.Rev.Nucl.Part.Sci.(2024)·34 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.