Wed·Oct 11, 2023Wednesday·October 11, 2023

1. 01*

   Hadron-hadron potentials coupled to quark degrees of freedom for X(3872)

   Ibuki Terashima🇯🇵 · Tetsuo Hyodo🇯🇵

   To study the internal structure of the exotic hadron $X(3872)$, considering the coupled-channel potential between quarks and hadrons is necessary because $X(3872)$ is regarded as a mixture state of $c\bar{c}$ and $D^0{\bar{D}}^{\ast 0}$. In this work, we construct the hadron-hadron potentials coupled to the quark channel and study the properties of the $D^0{\bar{D}}^{\ast 0}$ potentials for $X(3872)$. In particular, we compare various local approximations by focusing on the scattering phase shifts.

   hep-phnucl-thEPJ Web Conf.(2024)·1 citation
2. 02*

   UV Massive Resonance from IR Double Copy Consistency

   John Joseph M. Carrasco🇺🇸 · Nicolas H. Pavao🇺🇸

   From the perspective of effective field theory (EFT), Wilson coefficients of the low energy theory are determined by integrating out modes of the full ultraviolet (UV) theory. The spectrum can be in principle resummed if one has access to all available infrared (IR) coefficients at low energies. In this work we show that there exists a general class of consistent massive resonance double-copy (CMRDC) models where UV massive residues are reconstructed through double-copy consistency conditions between the IR Wilson coefficients of the full EFT expansion. Through a color-dual bootstrap, we find surprisingly that double-copy consistency alone introduces the kinematic factors of CMRDC models that soften high energy behavior by exponentiating color-dual contacts. This bootstrap suggests that our massive resonance paradigm is an inevitable consequence of the duality between color and kinematics, thereby providing a path towards emergent UV structure directly from the IR. We then demonstrate how CMRDC models can capture a spectrum of massive modes compatible with general multiplicity, and use Padé extrapolation to solve the inverse problem of identifying massive UV resonance from a small number of IR Wilson coefficients.

   hep-phhep-thPRD(2024)·13 citations
3. 03*

   Sill distribution: genesis and salient features

   Francesco Giacosa🇵🇱 · Vanamali Shastry🇺🇸

   We present the so-called Sill distribution, both in the nonrelativistic and relativistic cases, as a natural and simple way to include the effect of threshold(s) on the energy line shapes of resonances. The Sill is correctly normalized (even for broad states), is continuous at threshold(s), does not require any modification to the `mass part', is easily extendable to the multichannel case, and can be applied to both mesons and baryons. Here, as a novel example, we employ the Sill to describe the resonance $\psi (3770)$.

   hep-phNuovo Cim.C(2024)·0 citations
4. 04*

   Phase space of electron- and muon-neutrino and antineutrino scattering off nuclei

   M. Martini🇫🇷 · M. Ericson🇫🇷 · G. Chanfray🇫🇷

   We discuss the electron and muon neutrino and antineutrino double differential cross sections on carbon in the quasielastic as well as in the multinucleon and one pion production channels. By projecting them in the transferred momentum - transferred energy plane and in the neutrino energy - lepton scattering angle plane, as well as by performing simple considerations on the position of the quasielastic and Delta peaks and on their broadening, we explain the surprising dominance of the muon neutrino and antineutrino cross sections over the electron ones in particular kinematical conditions.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-thPRC(2024)·3 citations
5. 05*

   New physics search via CP observables in $B_s^0\to \varphi \varphi$ decay with Chromomagnetic operators

   Tejhas Kapoor🇫🇷

   In this work, we investigate the time-dependent angular analysis of $B_s^0\to \varphi \varphi$ decay to search for new physics signals via CP-violating observables. We work with a new physics Hamiltonian containing both left- and right-handed Chromomagnetic dipole operators. The hierarchy of the helicity amplitudes in this model gives us a new scheme of experimental search, which is different from the ones LHCb has used in its analysis. To illustrate this new scheme, we perform a sensitivity study using two pseudo datasets generated using LHCb's measured values. We find the sensitivity of CP-violating observables to be of the order of $5-7\%$ with the current LHCb statistics. In addition, we present a revised version of the table of coefficients of time-dependent terms in the angular decay distribution with precisely defined quantities.

   hep-phhep-exPoS(2024)·0 citations
6. 06*

   Probing Bosonic Overdensities with Optomechanical Sensing

   Katherine Slattery🇺🇸 · Joshua Eby🇸🇪 · Lauren Street🇺🇸 · Rohana Wijewardhana🇺🇸

   Previous work has shown that optomechanical force sensing can be used for efficient detection of ultralight (sub-eV) dark matter candidates. We propose to extend the reach of this method to the search for ultralight dark matter in gravitationally-bound configurations in the Milky Way. We consider three scenarios, each strongly-motivated by previous studies: boson stars traveling in the galaxy with virial velocity; a bosonic halo centered around the Sun (a `solar halo'); and a bosonic halo centered around the Earth. For each case, we consider bound states composed of either scalar particles with a Yukawa coupling, or vector particles coupled to baryon minus lepton number charge. Accounting for all experimental constraints on coupling strength, we estimate the sensitivity reach of an optomechanical sensor search. We conclude that, although boson star encounters with Earth would be too infrequent to be detected in the relevant parameter space, current optomechanical force sensing technologies provide promising search capabilities for solar or Earth-bound halos.

   hep-phPRD(2024)·0 citations
7. 07*

   Charged Higgs decay to $W^{\pm }H$ at a high energy lepton collider

   Majid Hashemi🇮🇷 · Laleh Roushandel🇮🇷

   In this work, we present a search strategy for heavy charged Higgs boson at Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) as a future $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collider. The signal is charged Higgs boson pair production in two Higgs doublet model (2HDM) followed by $H^{\pm }\to W^{\pm }H$ and $H\to b\bar{b}$. Here, $H$ denotes the heavy CP-even neutral Higgs boson of the model. The collider center of mass energy is chosen to be $\sqrt{s}=1400$ GeV as the second stage of CLIC operation. In this case, $m_{H^{+}}<\sqrt{s}/2$ can be explored due to the pair production. It is shown that the signal of charged Higgs in the mass range 250 GeV $<m_{H^{+}}<$ 650 GeV in fully hadronic final state, containing four $b$-jets from neutral Higgs and four jets from $W$ bosons, can well be observed on top of the standard model background. Finally 5$\sigma$ contours are presented in ($m_{H^{\pm }}$, $m_H$) space for different $\tan \beta$ values.

   hep-phEPJC(2024)·7 citations
8. 08*

   A tolerable candle: the low-$\nu$ method with LHC neutrinos

   Callum Wilkinson🇺🇸 · Alfonso Garcia Soto🇺🇸

   The Forward Physics Facility (FPF) plans to use neutrinos produced at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) to make a variety of measurements at previously unexplored TeV energies. Its primary goals include precision measurements of the neutrino cross section and using the measured neutrino flux both to uncover information about far-forward hadron production and to search for various beyond standard model scenarios. However, these goals have the potential to conflict: extracting information about the flux or cross section relies upon an assumption about the other. In this manuscript, we demonstrate that the FPF can use the low-$\nu$ method -- a technique for constraining the flux shape by isolating neutrino interactions with low energy transfer to the nucleus -- to break this degeneracy. We show that the low-$\nu$ method is effective for extracting the ${\nu }_{\mu }$ flux shape, in a model-independent way. We discuss its application for extracting the ${\bar{\nu }}_{\mu }$ flux shape, but find that this is significantly more model dependent. Finally, we explore the precision to which the ${\nu }_{\mu }$ flux shape could be constrained at the FPF, for a variety of proposed detector options. We find that the precision would be sufficient to discriminate between various realistic flux models.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2024)·8 citations
9. 09*

   Dark photon effects with the kinetic and mass mixing in Z boson decay processes

   Jin Sun🇰🇷 · Zhi-Peng Xing🇨🇳

   Motivated by the most recent measurement of tau polarization in $Z\to {\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$ by CMS, we have introduced a new $U(1{)}_X$ gauge boson field X, which can have renormalizable kinetic mixing with the standard model $U(1{)}_Y$ gauge boson field Y. In addition to the kinetic mixing of the dark photon, denoted as $\sigma$, there may also be mass mixing introduced by the additional Higgs doublet with a vacuum expectation value (vev) participating in $U(1{)}_X$ and electroweak symmetry breaking simultaneously. The interaction of the Z boson with the SM leptons is modified by the introduction of the mixing ratio parameter $ϵ$, which quantifies the magnitude of both the mass and kinetic mixing of the dark photon. Initially, we use the tau lepton as an example to explore the Z boson phenomenology of the dark photon model with both kinetic and mass mixing. The goal is to determine the allowed parameter regions by taking into account constraints from the vector and axial-vector couplings $g_{V,A}^{\tau }$, the decay branching ratio $Br(Z\to {\tau }^{-}{\tau }^{+})$ and tau lepton polarization in $Z\to {\tau }^{-}{\tau }^{+}$. We found that the mixing ratio plays important role in the Z boson features by choosing different $ϵ$ values. Furthermore, we aim to generalize our analysis from the tau-lepton case to include all fermions by conducting global fits. This allows us to identify viable regions by incorporating relevant fermion constraints and the W/Z mass ratio. Correspondingly, we obtain the fit results with the kinetic mixing parameter $\sigma =0.074\pm 0.021$, mixing ratio $ϵ=-1.37\pm 0.46$, and dark photon mass $m_X=275\pm 39$ GeV. Our global analysis indicates a preference for a dark photon mass larger than $m_Z$.

   hep-phPRD(2024)·6 citations
10. 10*

    A smoking gun signature of the 3HDM

    A. Dey🇮🇪 · V. Keus🇮🇪 · S. Moretti🇬🇧 · C. Shepherd-Themistocleous🇬🇧

    We analyse new signals of a 3-Higgs Doublet Model (3HDM) at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) where only one doublet acquires a Vacuum Expectation Value (VEV), preserving a $Z_2$ parity. The other two doublets are \textit{inert} and do not develop a VEV, leading to a \textit{dark scalar sector} controlled by $Z_2$, with the lightest CP-even dark scalar $H_1$ being the Dark Matter (DM) candidate. This leads to the loop induced decay of the next-to-lightest scalar, $H_2\to H_1\ell \bar{\ell }$ ($\ell =e,\mu$), mediated by both dark CP-odd neutral and charged scalars. This is a smoking-gun signal of the 3HDM since it is not allowed in the 2-Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM) with one inert doublet and is expected to be important when $H_2$ and $H_1$ are close in mass. In practice, this signature can be observed in the cascade decay of the SM-like Higgs boson, $h\to H_1{H}_2\to H_1{H}_1\ell \bar{\ell }$ into two DM particles and di-leptons or $h\to H_2{H}_2\to H_1{H}_1\ell \bar{\ell }\ell \bar{\ell }$ into two DM particles and four-leptons, where $h$ is produced from gluon-gluon Fusion. In order to test the feasibility of these channels at the LHC, we devise some benchmarks, compliant with collider, DM and cosmological data, for which the interplay between these production and decay modes is discussed. In particular, we show that the resulting detector signatures, $\text{Et}\ell \bar{\ell }$ or $\text{Et}\ell \bar{\ell }\ell \bar{\ell }$, with the invariant mass of $\ell \bar{\ell }$ pairs much smaller than $m_Z$, can potentially be extracted already from Run 3 data and at the High-Luminosity phase of the LHC.

    hep-phJHEP(2024)·13 citations
11. 11*

    On the minimal mass of thermal dark matter and the viability of millicharged particles affecting 21cm cosmology

    Xiaoyong Chu🇦🇹 · Josef Pradler🇦🇹

    Thermal freeze-out offers an attractive explanation of the dark matter density free from fine-tuning of initial conditions. For dark matter with a mass below tens of MeV, photons, electrons, and neutrinos are the only available direct Standard Model annihilation products. Using a full three-sector abundance calculation, we determine the minimal mass of dark matter, allowing for an arbitrary branching into electrons/photons and neutrinos that is compatible with current cosmological observations. The analysis takes into account the heat transfer between the various sectors from annihilation and elastic scattering, representing the first fully self-consistent analysis that tracks the respective sectors' temperatures. We thereby provide accurate thermal annihilation cross sections, particularly for velocity-dependent cases, and deduce the sensitivity of current and upcoming CMB experiments to MeV thermal dark matter. In the latter context, we also establish the fine-tuned parameter region where a tiny admixture of neutrinos in the final states rules in MeV-scale $p$-wave annihilating DM into electrons. Finally, we show that a sub-% millicharged dark matter with an interaction strength that interferes with 21 cm cosmology is still allowed when freeze-out is supplemented with annihilation into neutrinos. For all cases considered, we provide concrete particle physics models and supplement our findings with a discussion of other relevant experimental results.

    hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEPRD(2024)·17 citations
12. 12*

    Complete Next-to-Leading Order Calculation of Single Inclusive ${\pi }^0$ Production in Forward Proton-Nucleus Collisions

    Heikki Mäntysaari🇫🇮 · Yossathorn Tawabutr🇫🇮

    We present the first fully consistent calculation of inclusive ${\pi }^0$ production at forward rapidities at next-to-leading order (NLO) accuracy in proton-lead collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8.16$ TeV within the Color Glass Condensate approach. The center-of-mass energy dependence is determined by the Balitsky-Kovchegov equation with the initial condition constrained at NLO accuracy by the proton structure function measurements. We find that the LHCb data further constrain this non-perturbative input, and that both the NLO corrections to the evolution equation and to the impact factor have significant effects on the nuclear modification factor $R_{p\mathrm{Pb}}$. The complete NLO calculation is shown to be in qualitative agreement with the LHCb data, and the predictions are found to be sensitive to the details of the applied deep inelastic scattering (DIS) fit. These results demonstrate the need to perform global analyses of DIS and LHC data in order to probe gluon saturation phenomena at precision level at very small momentum fraction $x$.

    hep-phPRD(2024)·11 citations
13. 13*

    Precision Muon-Related Observables as a Tool to Constrain New Physics Models

    Gabriel Lourenço🇵🇹 · André Milagre🇵🇹 · Rui Santos🇵🇹 · João P. Silva🇵🇹

    We propose a set of precision muon-related observables that serve as a tool to constrain new physics models. Using LEP's precision measurements on the $Z$-boson pole, we derive bounds on the new physics quantum contributions to the decay $Z\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$. We show that the new precision observables have a real impact on two specific models that solve the $g-2$ anomaly and provide a sound dark matter candidate.

    hep-phNPB(2024)·3 citations
14. 14*

    Maximising the physics potential of $B^{\pm }\to {\pi }^{\pm }{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ decays

    Alexander Mclean Marshall🇬🇧 · Michael Andrew McCann🇬🇧 · Mitesh Patel🇬🇧 · Konstantinos A. Petridis🇬🇧 · Méril Reboud🇬🇧 · Danny van Dyk🇬🇧

    We present a method that maximises the experimental sensitivity to new physics contributions in $B^{\pm }\to {\pi }^{\pm }{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ decays. This method relies on performing an unbinned maximum likelihood fit to both the measured dimuon $q^2$ distribution of $B^{\pm }\to {\pi }^{\pm }{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ decays, and theory calculations at spacelike $q^2$, where QCD predictions are most reliable. We exploit the known analytic properties of the decay amplitude and employ a dispersion relation to describe the non-local hadronic contributions across spacelike and timelike $q^2$ regions. The fit stability and the sensitivity to new physics couplings and new sources of $CP$-violation are studied for current and future data-taking scenarios, with the LHCb experiment as an example. The proposed method offers a precise and reliable way to search for new physics in these decays.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2024)·6 citations
15. 15*

    The 1 $\to$ 3 Massive Splitting Functions from QCD Factorization and SCET

    Evan Craft🇺🇸 · Mark Gonzalez🇺🇸 · Kyle Lee🇺🇸 · Bianka Meçaj🇺🇸 · Ian Moult🇺🇸

    Splitting functions are universal functions describing the collinear dynamics of gauge theories, and as such are crucial ingredients for a wide variety of calculations in perturbative QCD. We present analytic results for the triple collinear splitting functions in QCD with a single massive parton. We derive the splitting functions using two distinct methods; first by expanding the squared matrix elements in the collinear limit, and secondly by using soft-collinear effective theory with massive quarks. We find agreement between these two approaches, providing a strong check of our results. Additionally, we also check all iterated and soft limits of our results, finding agreement with predictions from factorization. Our results provide an important ingredient for higher order perturbative calculations involving massive partons, and for the description of the collinear dynamics of heavy flavor jets.

    hep-phnucl-thJHEP(2024)·20 citations
16. 16*

    The simplest case of dark inflaxion

    Hansel Gordillo-Ruiz🇲🇽 · Cesar Morales-Mena🇲🇽 · Saul Ramos-Sanchez🇲🇽

    Dark matter and cosmic inflation represent two of the major puzzles in cosmology. They are typically addressed by introducing separate fields with independent dynamics. On the other hand, extra dimensions might play an important role for observable physics. We introduce a five-dimensional model called dark inflaxion that includes an axion-like particle, whose Kaluza-Klein modes can describe inflation and dark matter. We show that a simple yet natural choice of the mass scale of the effective four-dimensional fields of our model can accommodate simultaneously the observable values of inflationary parameters and dark-matter abundance. It will be interesting to explore the consequences and predictions of more generic scenarios within the scope of our model, which include the possibility of multifield inflation and dark matter.

    hep-phastro-ph.CO1 citation
17. 17*

    Full Phase Space Resonant Anomaly Detection

    Erik Buhmann🇩🇪 · Cedric Ewen🇩🇪 · Gregor Kasieczka🇩🇪 · Vinicius Mikuni🇺🇸 · Benjamin Nachman🇺🇸 · David Shih🇺🇸

    Physics beyond the Standard Model that is resonant in one or more dimensions has been a longstanding focus of countless searches at colliders and beyond. Recently, many new strategies for resonant anomaly detection have been developed, where sideband information can be used in conjunction with modern machine learning, in order to generate synthetic datasets representing the Standard Model background. Until now, this approach was only able to accommodate a relatively small number of dimensions, limiting the breadth of the search sensitivity. Using recent innovations in point cloud generative models, we show that this strategy can also be applied to the full phase space, using all relevant particles for the anomaly detection. As a proof of principle, we show that the signal from the R\&D dataset from the LHC Olympics is findable with this method, opening up the door to future studies that explore the interplay between depth and breadth in the representation of the data for anomaly detection.

    hep-phhep-exphysics.data-anPRD(2024)·45 citations
18. 18*

    Super-slow phase transition catalyzed by BHs and the birth of baby BHs

    Ryusuke Jinno🇯🇵 · Jun'ya Kume🇮🇹 · Masaki Yamada🇯🇵

    We discuss the unique phenomenology of first-order phase transitions catalyzed by primordial black holes (BHs). If the number of BHs within one Hubble volume is smaller than unity at the time of bubble nucleation, each bubble catalyzed around them can expand to the Hubble size, and the universe is eventually filled with true vacuum much after nucleation. This super-slow transition predicts enhanced gravitational wave signals from bubble collisions and can be tested in future observations. Moreover, the remaining rare false vacuum patches give birth to baby BHs, which can account for the abundance of dark matter in our universe.

    hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qcPLB(2024)·37 citations
19. 19*

    Constraint on Lorentz invariance violation from Vela pulsar

    Hao Li🇨🇳 · Jie Zhu🇨🇳 · Bo-Qiang Ma🇨🇳

    The High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S) Collaboration reported the discovery of a novel radiation component from the Vela pulsar by their Cherenkov telescopes. It is of great importance that gamma rays with energies of at least 20~TeV are recorded unexpectedly. The H.E.S.S Collaboration argued that such results may challenge the state-of-the-art models for the high-energy emission of pulsars. We point out in this work that these results also provide a unique opportunity to constrain certain Lorentz invariance violation parameters, leading to the realization of studying Lorentz invariance violation by using gamma-ray pulsars. The Lorentz invariance violation scale is constrained at the level of $E_{\mathrm{LV},1}>1.66\times 10^{17}\mathrm{GeV}$ for the linear scenario, and $E_{\mathrm{LV},2}>3.53\times 10^{10}\mathrm{GeV}$ for the quadratic scenario. We anticipate that digging into the detailed features of the data of the Vela pulsar and analyzing potentially more very-high-energy photon data from pulsars in the future would improve the constraints on Lorentz invariance violation.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEgr-qchep-phEPL(2024)·1 citation
20. 20*

    Perturbative Method for Mutual Information and Thermal Entropy of Scalar Quantum Fields

    Joseph Bramante🇨🇦 · Andrew Buchanan🇨🇦

    A new approach is presented to compute entropy for massless scalar quantum fields. By perturbing a skewed correlation matrix composed of field operator correlation functions, the mutual information is obtained for disjoint spherical regions of size $r$ at separation $R$, including an expansion to all orders in $r/R$. This approach also permits a perturbative expansion for the thermal field entropy difference in the small temperature limit ($T\ll 1/r$).

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-lathep-phJHEP(2024)·2 citations
21. 21*

    Classical Larmor formula through the Unruh effect for uniformly accelerated electrons

    Georgios Vacalis🇬🇧 · Atsushi Higuchi🇬🇧 · Robert Bingham🇬🇧 · Gianluca Gregori🇬🇧

    We investigate the connection between the classical Larmor formula and the quantum Unruh effect by computing the emitted power by a uniformly accelerated charged particle and its angular distribution in the coaccelerated frame. We consider a classical particle accelerated with nonzero charge only for a finite period and then take the infinite-time limit after removing the effects due to the initial charging and final discharging processes. We show that the result found for the interaction rates agrees with previous studies in which the period of acceleration with nonzero charge was taken to be infinite from the beginning. We also show that the power and angular distribution of emission, which is attributed either to the emission or absorption of a Rindler photon in the coaccelerated frame, is given by the Larmor formula, confirming that, at tree level, it is necessary to take into account the Unruh effect in order to reproduce the classical Larmor radiation formula in the coaccelerated frame.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phPRD(2024)·10 citations
22. 22*

    Working towards a gauge-invariant description of the Higgs model: from local composite operators to spectral density functions

    D.M. van Egmond🇧🇷

    We analyze different BRST invariant solutions for the introduction of a mass term in Yang-Mills (YM) theories. First, we analyze the non-local composite gauge-invariant field $A_{\mu }^h(x)$, which can be localized by the Stueckelberg-like field ${\xi }^a(x)$. This enables us to introduce a mass term in the $SU(N)$ YM model, a feature that has been indicated at a non-perturbative level by both analytical and numerical studies. We also consider the unitary Abelian Higgs model and investigate its spectral functions at one-loop order. This analysis allows to disentangle what is physical and what is not at the level of the elementary particle propagators, in conjunction with the Nielsen identities. We highlight the role of the tadpole graphs and the gauge choices to get sensible results. We also introduce an Abelian Curci-Ferrari action coupled to a scalar field to model a massive photon which, like the non-Abelian Curci-Ferarri model, is left invariant by a modified non-nilpotent BRST symmetry. Finally, the spectral properties of a set of local gauge-invariant composite operators are investigated in the $U(1)$ and $SU(2)$ Higgs model quantized in the 't Hooft $R_{\xi }$ gauge. These operators enable us to give a gauge-invariant description of the spectrum of the theory, thereby surpassing certain incommodities when using the standard elementary fields. The corresponding two-point correlation functions are evaluated at one-loop order and their spectral functions are obtained explicitly. It is shown that the spectral functions of the elementary fields suffer from a strong unphysical dependence from the gauge parameter $\xi$, and can even exhibit positivity violating behaviour. In contrast, the BRST invariant local operators exhibit a well defined positive spectral density.

    ↳ hep-thhep-ph0 citations
23. 23*

    Quantum connection, charges and virtual particles

    Alexander D. Popov🇩🇪

    Geometrically, quantum mechanics is defined by a complex line bundle $L_{\hslash }$ over the classical particle phase space $T^{\ast }{R}^3\cong R^6$ with coordinates $x^a$ and momenta $p_a$, $a,...=1,2,3$. This quantum bundle $L_{\hslash }$ is endowed with a connection $A_{\hslash }$, and its sections are standard wave functions $\psi$ obeying the Schrödinger equation. The components of covariant derivatives ${\nabla }_{A_{\hslash }}^{}$ in $L_{\hslash }$ are equivalent to operators ${\hat{x}}^a$ and ${\hat{p}}_a$. The bundle $L_{\hslash }=:L_C^{+}$ is associated with symmetry group U(1)${}_{\hslash }$ and describes particles with quantum charge $q=1$ which is eigenvalue of the generator of the group U(1)${}_{\hslash }$. The complex conjugate bundle $L_C^{-}:=\overline{L_C^{+}}$ describes antiparticles with quantum charge $q=-1$. We will lift the bundles $L_C^{\pm }$ and connection $A_{\hslash }$ on them to the relativistic phase space $T^{\ast }{R}^{3,1}$ and couple them to the Dirac spinor bundle describing both particles and antiparticles. Free relativistic quarks and leptons are described by the Dirac equation on Minkowski space $R^{3,1}$. This equation does not contain interaction with the quantum connection $A_{\hslash }$ on bundles $L_C^{\pm }\to T^{\ast }{R}^{3,1}$ because $A_{\hslash }$ has non-vanishing components only along $p_a$-directions in $T^{\ast }{R}^{3,1}$. To enable the interaction of elementary fermions $\Psi$ with quantum connection $A_{\hslash }$ on $L_C^{\pm }$, we will extend the Dirac equation to the phase space while maintaining the condition that $\Psi$ depends only on $t$ and $x^a$. The extended equation has an infinite number of oscillator-type solutions with discrete energy values as well as wave packets of coherent states. We argue that all these normalized solutions describe virtual particles and antiparticles living outside the mass shell hyperboloid. The transition to free particles is possible through squeezed coherent states.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phmath-phmath.MP+10 citations
24. 24*

    Accelerating decay with acceleration

    Wim Beenakker🇳🇱 · David Venhoek🇳🇱

    We investigate accelerated Unruh-deWitt detectors as a model for particle decay. We find non-trivial decay rates, including a pattern of peaks in decay rate that extends to lower accelerations. Applying our model to the alpha decay of ${}^{210}\mathrm{Po}$, we find that effects could be observed with an acceleration of $a\approx 10^{26}\frac{\mathrm{m}}{{\mathrm{s}}^2}$ as long as that acceleration is controlled to within 1 percent. Although still out of reach of current experimental setups, other decay processes at lower energy, such as beta decay, could result in the peaks we find being within range of future experiments.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-thquant-ph2 citations
25. 25*

    Fate of critical fluctuations in an interacting hadronic medium using maximum entropy distributions

    Jan Hammelmann🇩🇪 · Marcus Bluhm🇫🇷 · Marlene Nahrang · Hannah Elfner🇩🇪

    We study the evolution of critical fluctuations in an expanding system within a hadronic transport approach. The initialization of the system with critical fluctuations is achieved by coupling the ideal hadron resonance gas cumulants to the ones from the 3d Ising model and generating the net and total particle number distribution from the principle of maximum entropy. These distributions are then evolved using realistic hadronic interactions. We systematically investigate the evolution of the critical fluctuations initialized at various temperatures and chemical potentials along a freeze-out line. We find that resonance regeneration and isospin randomization processes have the strongest influence on the evolution of the fluctuations. Additionally, the sets of particles coupled to the critical mode are modified to assess the strength of the propagation of correlations through interactions. We find that in the scaling region of the critical point correlations are propagated through the whole collisional history and are still present after the kinetic freeze-out of the matter if the coupling strength is large enough.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRC(2024)·11 citations
26. 26*

    P-v criticality of charged Reissner-Nordström-de Sitter black hole under the influence of Lorentz violation theory

    Y. Onika Laxmi🇮🇳 · Ningthoujam Media🇮🇳 · T. Ibungochouba Singh🇮🇳

    In this paper, the modified Hawking radiation and the P-v criticality of Reissner-Nordström-de Sitter (RNdS) black hole are investigated by using Dirac equation with Lorentz violation theory in curved space time. Taking cosmological constant as the thermodynamic pressure and its conjugate quantity as thermodynamic volume, the analogy between the RNdS black hole in the ensemble with fixed charge and van der Waals liquid-gas system is derived. We also study the equation of state, critical exponents, critical point, heat capacity, entropy correction, Gibbs free energy. It is worth mentioning that the critical temperature, entropy, Gibbs free energy and Helmholtz free energy are modified but the critical exponents are found to be unchanged due to the influence of Lorentz violation theory. We observe that the number of Hawking-Page critical point increases due to Lorentz violation theory.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.A(2023)·7 citations
27. 27*

    Adding subtractions: comparing the impact of different Regge behaviors

    Brian McPeak🇮🇹 · Marco Venuti🇮🇹 · Alessandro Vichi🇮🇹

    Dispersion relations let us leverage the analytic structure of scattering amplitudes to derive constraints such as bounds on EFT coefficients. An important input is the large-energy behavior of the amplitude. In this paper, we systematically study how different large-energy behavior affects EFT bounds for the $2\to 2$ amplitude of complex scalars coupled to photons, gravity, both, or neither. In many cases we find that singly-subtracted dispersion relations (1SDRs) yield exactly the same bounds as doubly subtracted relations (2SDRs). However, we identify another assumption, which we call "$t$-channel dominance," that significantly strengthens the EFT bounds. This assumption, which amounts to the requirement that the $++\to ++$ amplitude has no $s$-channel exchange, is justified in certain cases and is analogous to the condition that the isospin-2 channel does not contribute to the pion amplitude. Using this assumption in the absence of massless exchanges, we find that the allowed region for the complex scalar EFT is identical to one recently discussed for pion scattering at large-$N$. In the case of gravity and a gauge field, we are able to derive a number of interesting bounds. These include an upper bound for $G$ in terms of the gauge coupling $e^2$ and the leading dispersive EFT coefficient, which is reminiscent of the weak gravity conjecture. In the $e\to 0$ limit, we find that assuming smeared 1SDRs plus $t$-channel dominance restores positivity on the leading EFT coefficient whose positivity was spoiled by the inclusion of gravity. We interpret this to mean that the negativity of that coefficient in the presence of gravity would imply that the global $U(1)$ symmetry must be gauged.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phSciPost Phys.(2026)·30 citations
28. 28*

    Binary mergers in strong gravity background of Kerr black hole

    Filippo Camilloni🇮🇹 · Gianluca Grignani🇮🇹 · Troels Harmark🇩🇰 · Marta Orselli🇮🇹 · Daniele Pica🇮🇹

    Binary-black-hole (BBH) mergers can take place close to a supermassive black hole (SMBH) while being in a bound orbit around the SMBH. In this paper, we study such bound triple systems and show that including the strong gravity effects of describing the SMBH with a Kerr metric can significantly modify the dynamics, as compared to a Newtonian point particle description of the SMBH. We extract the dynamics of the system, using a quadrupole approximation to the tidal forces due to the SMBH. We exhibit how the gyroscope precession is built into this dynamics, and find the secular Hamiltonian by both averaging over the inner and outer orbits, the latter being the orbit of the BBH around the SMBH. We study the long-time-scale dynamics, including the periastron precession and GW radiation-reaction of the binary system, finding that the strong gravity effects of the SMBH can enhance the von Zeipel-Lidov-Kozai mechanism, resulting in more cycles, higher maximum eccentricity, and thereby a shorter merger time, particularly when the binary is close to, or at, the innermost stable orbit of the SMBH. We end with an analysis of the peak frequency of the GW emission from the binary system, highlighting possible observable signatures in the LISA and ET frequency bands.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.GAastro-ph.HEhep-ph+1MNRAS(2024)·31 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.