Fri·Oct 6, 2023Friday·October 6, 2023

1. 01*

   Anomalous Dimension in QCD

   Koichi Yamawaki🇯🇵

   The anomalous dimension ${\gamma }_m=1$ in the infrared region near conformal edge in the broken phase of the large $N_f$ QCD has been shown by the ladder Schwinger-Dyson equation and also by the lattice simulation for $N_f=8$ for $N_c=3$. Recently Zwicky claimed another independent argument (without referring to explicit dynamics) for the same result, ${\gamma }_m=1$. We show that this is not justified by explicit evaluation of each matrix element based on the ``dilaton chiral perturbation theory (dChPT)'' : $<\pi (p_2)|2\cdot {\sum }_{i=1}^{N_f}{m}_f{\bar{\psi }}_i{\psi }_i|\pi (p_1)>=2M_{\pi }^2+[(1-{\gamma }_m)M_{\pi }^2\cdot 2/(1+{\gamma }_m)]=2M_{\pi }^2\cdot 2/(1+{\gamma }_m)\ne 2M_{\pi }^2$ in contradiction with his estimate, which is compared with $<\pi (p_2)|(1+{\gamma }_m)\cdot {\sum }_{i=1}^{N_f}{m}_f{\bar{\psi }}_i{\psi }_i|\pi (p_1)>=(1+{\gamma }_m)M_{\pi }^2+[(1-{\gamma }_m)M_{\pi }^2]=2M_{\pi }^2$ (both up to trace anomaly), where the terms in $[]$ are from the $\sigma$ (pseudo-dilaton) pole contribution. Thus there is no constraint on ${\gamma }_m$ when the $\sigma$ pole contribution is treated consistently for both.

   hep-phhep-thSymmetry(2024)·2 citations
2. 02*

   $W$ boson mass in gauge-Higgs unification

   Yutaka Hosotani🇯🇵 · Shuichiro Funatsu🇯🇵 · Hisaki Hatanaka🇯🇵 · Yuta Orikasa🇨🇿 · Naoki Yamatsu🇹🇼

   The $W$ boson mass $m_W$ in the GUT inspired $SO(5)\times U(1)\times SU(3)$ gauge-Higgs unification in the Randall-Sundrum (RS) warped space is evaluated. The muon decay ${\mu }^{-}\to e^{-}{\bar{\nu }}_e{\nu }_{\mu }$ proceeds by the exchange of not only the zero mode of the $W$ boson $(W^{(0)}$) but also Kaluza-Klein (KK) excited modes $W^{(n)}$ and $W_R^{(n)}$ ($n\ge 1$) at the tree level. The anti-de Sitter curvature of the RS space also affects the relationship among the gauge couplings and the ratio of $m_W$ to the $Z$ boson mass $m_Z$. The $W$ couplings of leptons and quarks also change. With the given KK mass scale $m_{\mathrm{KK}}$ the range of the Aharonov-Bohm phase ${\theta }_H$ in the fifth dimension is constrained. For $m_{\mathrm{KK}}=13$TeV, $0.085\lesssim {\theta }_H\lesssim 0.11$ and $80.381\mathrm{GeV}\lesssim m_W\lesssim 80.407\mathrm{GeV}$. The predicted value of $m_W$ for $13\mathrm{TeV}\le m_{\mathrm{KK}}\le 20\mathrm{TeV}$ lies between $m_W^{\mathrm{SM}}=80.354\pm 0.007$GeV in the standard model and $m_W^{\mathrm{CDF}}=80.4335\pm 0.0094$GeV, the value reported by the CDF collaboration in 2022.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·4 citations
3. 03*

   Distinguishing Low-lying Vector Beauty-charm Meson via Polarization Analysis

   Yiqi Geng🇨🇳 · Mingqi Cao🇨🇳 · Ruilin Zhu🇨🇳

   To distinguish the low-lying vector beauty-charm meson, we systematically study the $B_c^{\ast }\to B_c+\gamma$, $B_c^{\ast }\to \ell +{\nu }_{\ell }$ and $B_c^{(\ast )}\to J/\psi +nh$ processes within effective theory by the helicity decomposition method. The significant difference of polarization asymmetry in $B_c^{(\ast )}\to J/\psi +nh$ indicates a general law in vector-to-vector and pseudoscalar-to-vector transition processes, which can be tested in current and future LHC experiments. In the end, we discuss the experiment search and discovery potential for the low-lying vector beauty-charm meson.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2024)·8 citations
4. 04*

   Generalized parton distributions for the lowest-lying octet baryons

   Navpreet Kaur🇮🇳 · Harleen Dahiya🇮🇳

   We have presented a pathway to map the internal structure of lowest-lying octet baryons by using one-loop quantum fluctuations of a fermion state in Yukawa theory. The structural interpretation of baryons carrying different amount of strange content has been exemplified by employing a quark-scalar diquark model for studying the Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) among the members of octet baryons. Different possible combinations of quark-scalar diquark pairs have been considered. The quark helicity independent chiral even GPDs in momentum as well as impact parameter space have been studied for purely transverse momentum transfer (zero skewness). We have also extended our calculations to explore and visualize the distinct behavior of charge distributions in coordinate space as well as charge densities in impact parameter space. Furthermore, magnetization density in impact parameter space has also been investigated. Quantitative as well as qualitative analysis of all the distributions has been carried out.

   hep-phEPJA(2024)·5 citations
5. 05*

   Exploring twist-4 chiral-even GPDs in the light-front quark-diquark model

   Shubham Sharma🇮🇳 · Harleen Dahiya🇮🇳

   In this work, we delve into the realm of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) by calculating twist-4 chiral-even generalized parton distributions (GPDs), within the context of the light-front quark-diquark model (LFQDM), focusing specifically on the intriguing case of zero skewness. To shed light on the behavior of twist-4 chiral-even GPDs, we present comprehensive two-dimensional ($2$-D) and 3-dimensional ($3$-D) plots, mapping their dependence on the longitudinal momentum fraction ($x$) and the momentum transfer ($t$). Furthermore, our research looks into the profound connection between twist-4 chiral-even GPDs and other distribution functions (DFs), including parton distribution functions (PDFs), transverse momentum-dependent parton distributions (TMDs) and generalized transverse-momentum dependent parton distributions (GTMDs). Additionally, our investigation extends to the exploration of related higher twist form factors (FFs), which play a pivotal role in elucidating the internal structure of hadrons. To provide significant insights into the partons spatial distribution, we have also yielded impact parameter GPD plots.

   hep-phNPB(2024)·14 citations
6. 06*

   T-even TMDs for the spin-0 pseudo-scalar mesons upto twist-4 using light-front formalism

   Satyajit Puhan🇮🇳 · Shubham Sharma🇮🇳 · Navpreet Kaur🇮🇳 · Narinder Kumar🇮🇳 · Harleen Dahiya🇮🇳

   We have investigated the pseudo-scalar meson structure in the form of transverse momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) in the light-front based holographic model and quark model. Starting from leading order, we have calculated all the time-reversal even TMDs for pion and kaon up to twist-$4$ in these models. We have shown the 3-dimensional structure as well as the 2-dimensional structure of these particles along with their average quark transverse momenta. The parton distribution functions (PDFs) of pseudo-scalar mesons have been compared with the results of other models. The sum rules, TMD transverse dependence, inverse moments and Gaussian transverse dependence ratio in these models have also been studied. Further, the transverse quark densities have also been analyzed in the momentum space plane for these particles. The higher twist kaon properties in light-front dynamics have been predicted for the first time in this work.

   hep-phJHEP(2024)·31 citations
7. 07*

   Leading twist T-even TMDs for the spin-1 heavy vector mesons

   Satyajit Puhan🇮🇳 · Harleen Dahiya🇮🇳

   We have presented the leading twist quark transverse momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) for the spin-1 heavy vector mesons $J/\psi$-meson and ${\rm Y}$-meson using the overlap of the light-front wave functions. We have computed their TMDs in the light-front holographic model (LFHM) as well as the light-front quark model (LFQM) and further compared the results with the Bethe-Salpeter (BSE) model. We have discussed the behavior of the TMDs with respect to momentum fraction carried by active quark ($x$) and the transverse quark momenta ($k_{\perp }$) in both the models. We have also calculated the $k_{\perp }$ moments of the quark in both the models and have compared the results with the BSE model. The predictions of LFQM are found to be in accord with the BSE model. Further, we have analyzed the leading twist parton distribution functions (PDFs) for both the heavy mesons in both the models and the results are found to be in accord with the basic light-front quantization (BLFQ) and BSE model.

   hep-phPRD(2024)·22 citations
8. 08*

   Phenomenology of axion-like particles with universal fermion couplings -- revisited

   Giovani Dalla Valle Garcia🇩🇪 · Felix Kahlhoefer🇩🇪 · Maksym Ovchynnikov🇩🇪 · Andrii Zaporozhchenko🇺🇦

   Axion-like particles (ALPs) emerge in many extensions of the Standard Model as pseudo-Goldstone bosons of a spontaneously broken global symmetry. Understanding their phenomenology in high-energy collisions is crucial for optimizing experimental searches and understanding the exploration potential of future experiments. In this paper, we revise the phenomenology of ALPs with universal couplings to fermions. In particular, we analyze the hierarchy and uncertainty of the various ALP production channels depending on the proton collision energy and the placement of the experiment, and provide improved calculations of the hadronic decay modes.

   hep-phPRD(2024)·34 citations
9. 09*

   Twist-4 proton GTMDs in the light-front quark-diquark model

   Shubham Sharma🇮🇳 · Harleen Dahiya🇮🇳

   By integrating across the light-cone energy, totally unintegrated, off-diagonal quark-quark generalized parton correlation functions (GPCFs) can yield generalized transverse-momentum dependent parton distributions (GTMDs). We have obtained the twist-4 GTMDs for the case of proton in the light-front quark-diquark model (LFQDM). We have decoded the quark-quark GTMD correlator for proton and solved the parametrization equations for Dirac matrix structure at twist-4. We have derived the explicit equations of GTMDs for the diquark being scalar or vector leading to the results for the struck quark being a $u$ or $d$ quark. Being a multidimensional function, the dependence is studied with two variables at a time, keeping the others fixed. Transverse-momentum dependent form factors (TMFFs) have been obtained from GTMDs via integration over the longitudinal momentum fraction $x$ of the quark. We have debated over the possibility to specify the initial and final state polarizations of the smacked quark and the nucleon in twist-4 GTMDs as well as the Wigner distributions. Additionally, from twist-4 GTMDs, we have deduced the twist-4 T-even TMDs and found its synchronization with the already published results.

   hep-phEPJA(2023)·9 citations
10. 10*

    The Right-Handed Slepton Bulk Region for Dark Matter in Generalized No-scale $\mathcal{F}$-$SU(5)$ with Effective Super-Natural Supersymmetry

    Xiangwei Yin🇨🇳 · James A. Maxin🇺🇸 · Dimitri V. Nanopoulos🇺🇸 · Tianjun Li🇨🇳

    We propose Generalized No-Scale Supergravity, the simplest scenario for Effective Super-Natural Supersymmetry, naturally solving the supersymmetry electroweak fine-tuning problem and including natural dark matter. A light right-handed slepton bulk region is realized in $\mathcal{F}$-$SU(5)$ and the pMSSM. The bulk may be beyond the LHC reach, though can be probed at the 1000-day LUX-ZEPLIN, Future Circular Collider (FCC-ee) at CERN, Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC), and Hyper-Kamiokande.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2024)·2 citations
11. 11*

    New Directions for ALP Searches Combining Nuclear Reactors and Haloscopes

    Fernando Arias-Aragón🇮🇹 · Vedran Brdar🇺🇸 · Jérémie Quevillon🇫🇷

    In this work we propose reactoscope, a novel experimental setup for axion-like particle (ALP) searches. Nuclear reactors produce a copious number of photons, a fraction of which could convert into ALPs via Primakoff process in the reactor core. The generated flux of ALPs leaves the nuclear power plant and its passage through a region with a strong magnetic field results in the efficient conversion to photons which can be detected. Such magnetic field is the key component of axion haloscope experiments. Adjacent nuclear reactor and axion haloscope experiment exist in Grenoble, France. There, the Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL) research reactor is situated only $\sim 700$ m from GrAHal, the axion haloscope platform designed to offer several volume and magnetic field (up to 43 T) configurations. We derive sensitivity projections for photophilic ALP searches with ILL and GrAHal, and also scrutinize analogous realizations, such as the one comprising of CAST experiment at CERN and Bugey nuclear power plant. The results that we obtain complement and extend the reach of existing laboratory experiments, e.g. light-shining-through-walls. While the derived sensitivities are not competitive when compared to the astrophysical limits, our analysis is free from the assumptions associated to those.

    hep-phhep-exPRL(2024)·14 citations
12. 12*

    Updates on the determination of $|V_{cb}|$, $R(D^{\ast })$ and $|V_{ub}|/|V_{cb}|$

    G. Martinelli🇮🇹 · S. Simula🇮🇹 · L. Vittorio🇫🇷

    We present an updated determination of the values of $|V_{cb}|$, $R(D^{\ast })$ and $|V_{ub}|/|V_{cb}|$ based on the new data on semileptonic $B\to D^{\ast }\ell {\nu }_{\ell }$ decays by the Belle and Belle-II Collaborations and on the recent theoretical progress in the calculation of the form factors relevant for semileptonic $B\to D^{\ast }\ell {\nu }_{\ell }$ and $B_s\to K\ell {\nu }_{\ell }$ decays. In particular we present results derived by applying either the Dispersive Matrix (DM) method of Refs. [1-6] or the more standard Boyd-Grinstein-Lebed (BGL) [7] approach to the most recent values of the form factors determined in lattice QCD. Using all the available lattice results for the form factors from the DM method we get the theoretical value $R^{\mathrm{th}}(D^{\ast })=0.262\pm 0.009$ and we extract from a bin-per-bin analysis of the experimental data the value $|V_{cb}|=(39.92\pm 0.64)\cdot 10^{-3}$. Our result for $R(D^{\ast })$ is consistent with the latest experimental world average $R^{\exp }(D^{\ast })=0.284\pm 0.012$ [8]} at the $\simeq 1.5\sigma$ level. Our value for $|V_{cb}|$ is compatible with the latest inclusive determinations $|V_{cb}{|}^{\mathrm{incl}}=(41.97\pm 0.48)\cdot 10^{-3}$ [9] and $|V_{cb}{|}^{\mathrm{incl}}=(41.69\pm 0.63)\cdot 10^{-3}$ [10] within $\simeq 2.6$ and $\simeq 2.0$ standard deviations, respectively. From a reappraisal of the calculations of $|V_{ub}|/|V_{cb}|$, we also obtain $|V_{ub}|/|V_{cb}|=0.087\pm 0.009$ in good agreement with the result $|V_{ub}|/|V_{cb}|=0.0844\pm 0.0056$ from the latest FLAG review [11].

    hep-phhep-exhep-latEPJC(2024)·54 citations
13. 13*

    Third order correction to semileptonic $b\to u$ decay: fermionic contributions

    Matteo Fael🇨🇭 · Johann Usovitsch🇨🇭

    We present the QCD corrections of order ${\alpha }_s^3$ to the decay rate of $b\to u\ell {\bar{\nu }}_{\ell }$, with $\ell =e,\mu$, originating from diagrams with closed fermion loops and neglecting the mass of the up quark. Our calculation relies on integration-by-parts reduction of Feynman integrals with one propagator raised to a symbolic power in Kira and the numerical evaluation of master integrals with AMFlow. This allows us to obtain results for the fermionic contributions to the total semileptonic rate with an accuracy of more than thirty digits.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·23 citations
14. 14*

    Varying Entropy Degrees of Freedom Effects in Low-Scale Leptogenesis

    Dimitrios Karamitros🇬🇧 · Thomas McKelvey🇬🇧 · Apostolos Pilaftsis🇬🇧

    We analyse in detail the effect of varying entropy degrees of freedom on low-scale leptogenesis models. As an archetypal model, we consider the Tri-Resonant Leptogensis (TRL) scenario introduced recently by the authors, where the neutrino-Yukawa coupling matrix is dictated by an approximate ${\mathbb{Z}}_n$ discrete symmetry (with $n=3,6$). TRL models exhibit no preferred direction in the leptonic flavour space and have the remarkable feature that leptogenesis can successfully take place even if all light neutrinos are strictly massless up to one-loop order. Most interestingly, for TRL scenarios with heavy Majorana neutrinos lighter than 100 GeV, temperature varying degrees of freedom associated with the entropy of the plasma have a dramatic impact on the predictions of the Baryon Asymmetry in the Universe (BAU), and may sensitively depend on the freeze-out sphaleron temperature $T_{\mathrm{sph}}$. We find that this is a generic feature of most freeze-out low-scale leptogenesis models discussed in the literature. In the same context, we consider heavy-neutrino scenarios realising dynamics related to critical unstable qudits in the thermal plasma and assess their significance in generating the BAU. The phenomenological implications of TRL scenarios at the intensity and high-energy frontiers are analysed.

    hep-phPRD(2024)·8 citations
15. 15*

    Relic density of asymmetric dark matter and constraints on the parameter spaces

    Qiu Sujuan🇨🇳 · Hoernisa Iminniyaz🇨🇳

    Based on the cosmological observations, the baryon and dark matter energy densities are similar. There may exist an asymmetry between the dark matter particles and their corresponding anti--particles. We review the relic density of asymmetric dark matter particle and anti--particle in the standard cosmological scenario and quintessence model with kination phase. Then we use the Planck data to find constraints on the annihilation cross section and the mass of the asymmetric dark matter in those models.

    hep-ph0 citations
16. 16*

    Singlet-doublet fermion dark matter with Dirac neutrino mass, $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ and $\Delta N_{\mathrm{eff}}$

    Debasish Borah🇮🇳 · Satyabrata Mahapatra🇰🇷 · Dibyendu Nanda🇰🇷 · Sujit Kumar Sahoo🇮🇳 · Narendra Sahu🇮🇳

    We study the possibility of generating light Dirac neutrino mass via scotogenic mechanism where singlet-doublet fermion dark matter (DM) plays non-trivial role in generating one-loop neutrino mass, anomalous magnetic moment of muon $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ as well as additional relativistic degrees of freedom $\Delta N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ within reach of cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments. We show that the Dirac nature of neutrinos can bring interesting correlations within the parameter space satisfying the ${\left(g-2\right)}_{\mu }$ anomaly and DM relic density and the effective relativistic degrees of freedom $\Delta N_{\mathrm{eff}}$. While we stick to thermal singlet doublet DM with promising detection prospects, both thermal and non-thermal origin of $\Delta N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ have been explored. In addition to detection prospects at DM, $(g-2)$ and other particle physics experiments, the model remains verifiable at future CMB experiments like CMB-S4, SPT-3G.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2024)·17 citations
17. 17*

    Significance of the negative binomial distribution in multiplicity phenomena

    S. V. Tezlaf🇦🇹

    The negative binomial distribution (NBD) has been theorized to express a scale-invariant property of many-body systems and has been consistently shown to outperform other statistical models in both describing the multiplicity of quantum-scale events in particle collision experiments and predicting the prevalence of cosmological observables, such as the number of galaxies in a region of space. Despite its widespread applicability and empirical success in these contexts, a theoretical justification for the NBD from first principles has remained elusive for fifty years. The accuracy of the NBD in modeling hadronic, leptonic, and semileptonic processes is suggestive of a highly general principle, which is yet to be understood. This study demonstrates that a statistical event of the NBD can in fact be derived in a general context via the dynamical equations of a canonical ensemble of particles in Minkowski space. These results describe a fundamental feature of many-body systems that is consistent with data from the ALICE and ATLAS experiments and provides an explanation for the emergence of the NBD in these multiplicity observations. Two methods are used to derive this correspondence: the Feynman path integral and a hypersurface parametrization of a propagating ensemble.

    hep-phhep-thstat.MEPhys.Scripta(2023)·3 citations
18. 18*

    Looking in the axion mirror: An all-sky analysis of stimulated decay

    Yitian Sun🇺🇸 · Katelin Schutz🇨🇦 · Harper Sewalls🇨🇦 · Calvin Leung🇺🇸 · Kiyoshi Wesley Masui🇺🇸

    Axion dark matter (DM) produces echo images of bright radio sources via stimulated decay. These images appear as a faint radio line centered at half the axion mass, with the line width set by the DM velocity dispersion. Due to the kinematics of the decay, the echo can be emitted in the direction nearly opposite to the incoming source of stimulating radiation, meaning that axions effectively behave as imperfect monochromatic mirrors. We present an all-sky analysis of axion DM-induced echo images using extragalactic radio point sources, Galactic supernova remnants (SNRs), and Galactic synchrotron radiation (GSR) as sources of stimulating radiation. The aggregate signal strength is not significantly affected by unknown properties of individual sources of stimulating radiation, which we sample from an empirical distribution to generate an ensemble of realizations for the all-sky signal template. We perform forecasts for CHIME, HERA, CHORD, HIRAX, and BURSTT, finding that they can run as competitive axion experiments simultaneously with other objectives, requiring no new hardware.

    hep-phastro-ph.GAastro-ph.HEPRD(2024)·16 citations
19. 19*

    Hypertriton lifetime

    D. Gazda🇨🇿 · A. Pérez-Obiol🇪🇸 · A. Gal🇮🇱 · E. Friedman🇮🇱

    Over the last decade, conflicting values of the hypertriton ${}_{\Lambda }^3\mathrm{H}$ lifetime $\tau ({}_{\Lambda }^3\mathrm{H})$ were extracted from relativistic heavy-ion (RHI) collision experiments, ranging from values compatible with the free-$\Lambda$ lifetime ${\tau }_{\Lambda }$-as expected naively for a very weakly bound $\Lambda$ in ${}_{\Lambda }^3\mathrm{H}$-to lifetimes as short as $\tau ({}_{\Lambda }^3\mathrm{H})\approx (0.4-0.7){\tau }_{\Lambda }$. In a recent work [Phys. Lett. B 811, 135916 (2020)] we studied this ${}_{\Lambda }^3\mathrm{H}$ lifetime puzzle theoretically using realistic three-body ${}_{\Lambda }^3\mathrm{H}$ and ${}^3\mathrm{He}$ wave functions computed within the ab initio no-core shell model approach with interactions derived from chiral effective field theory. In particular, $\tau ({}_{\Lambda }^3\mathrm{H})$ was found to be strongly correlated with the $\Lambda$ separation energy $B_{\Lambda }$ in ${}_{\Lambda }^3\mathrm{H}$, the value of which is rather poorly known experimentally and, in addition, is known to suffer from sizable theoretical uncertainties inherent in the employed nuclear and hypernuclear interaction models. In the present work we find that these uncertainties propagate into $\tau ({}_{\Lambda }^3\mathrm{H})$, and thus limit considerably the theoretical precision of its computed value. Although none of the conflicting RHI measured $\tau ({}_{\Lambda }^3\mathrm{H})$ values can be excluded, but rather can be attributed to a poor knowledge of $B_{\Lambda }$, we note the good agreement between the lifetime value $\tau ({}_{\Lambda }^3\mathrm{H})=238(27)$ ps computed at the lowest value $B_{\Lambda }=66$ keV reached by us and the very recent ALICE measured lifetime value ${\tau }^{\mathrm{ALICE}}({}_{\Lambda }^3\mathrm{H})=253(11)(6)$ ps associated with the ALICE measured $B_{\Lambda }$ value $B_{\Lambda }^{\mathrm{ALICE}}=102(63)(67)$ keV [Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 102302 (2023)].

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exPRC(2024)·5 citations
20. 20*

    Effects of imaginary and real rotations on QCD matters

    Gaoqing Cao🇨🇳

    Inspired from perturbative calculations, this work introduces imaginary (${\Omega }_{\mathrm{I}}$) and real ($\Omega$) rotation effects to the pure $SU(3)$ gauge potentials simply through variable transformations: The empirical Polyakov loop (PL) potentials can be rewritten as functions of the imaginary chemical potentials of gluons and ghosts $(q_{\mathrm{ij}})$, and the transformations are taken as $q_{\mathrm{ij}}\to q_{\mathrm{ij}}\pm {\Omega }_{\mathrm{I}}/T$ and $q_{\mathrm{ij}}\to q_{\mathrm{ij}}\pm i\Omega /T$, respectively. For the PL potential of Fukushima $(V_1)$, a smaller imaginary rotation ${\Omega }_{\mathrm{I}}$ tends to suppress PL at all temperature and the deconfinement transition keeps of first order. However, for the PL potential of Munich group $(V_2)$, ${\Omega }_{\mathrm{I}}$ tends to enhance PL at low temperature $T$, consistent with lattice simulations; but suppress PL at high $T$, consistent with perturbative calculations. Moreover, the deconfinement alters from first order to crossover with increasing ${\Omega }_{\mathrm{I}}$ as is expected from lattice simulations. On the other hand, the real rotation $\Omega$ tends to enhance PL at relatively low $T$ for both potentials, and the (pseudo-)critical temperature decreases with $\Omega$ as expected. Therefore, we find that analytic continuation of the phase diagram from imaginary to real rotation is not necessarily valid in the non-perturbative region. Finally, we apply the more successful PL potential $V_2$ to the Polyakov--Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model and discover that ${\Omega }_{\mathrm{I}}$ tends to break chiral symmetry while $\Omega$ tends to restore it. Especially, the modified model is even able to qualitatively explain the lattice result that a larger $T$ would catalyze chiral symmetry breaking for a large ${\Omega }_{\mathrm{I}}$.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRD(2024)·17 citations
21. 21*

    Open Strange and Open Heavy Flavour mesons in Asymmetric Nuclear Matter within Quark Meson Coupling model

    Arpita Mondal🇮🇳 · Amruta Mishra🇮🇳

    The in-medium properties of open strange ($K$, $\bar{K}$), open charm ($D$, $\bar{D}$), and open bottom ($B$, $\bar{B}$) mesons are investigated in asymmetric nuclear matter using Quark Meson Coupling (QMC) model. A direct coupling of scalar ($\sigma$, $\delta$) and vector ($\omega$, $\rho$) mesons to the light quarks and anti-quarks of these mesons give rise to the in-medium modification of the properties of the corresponding meson within the model. The inclusion of the $\delta$ (scalar iso-vector) meson breaks the isospin symmetry for the masses of the light quark and antiquark doublets, causing mass splitting between ($u,d$) as well as ($\bar{d},\bar{u}$). Consequently, the considered mesons exhibit mass splittings within the isodoublets of $K$, $\bar{K}$, $D$, $\bar{D}$, $B$ and $\bar{B}$ mesons when embedded in asymmetric nuclear matter. In the current study, the interactions of the pseudoscalar meson with the scalar, as well as vector mesons, are considered, which lead to significant medium modifications of the excitation energies of the open strange (charm and bottom) mesons. In asymmetric nuclear matter, due to the interaction of the pseudoscalar meson with the vector iso-vector $\rho$ meson, there is a splitting in the excitation energies of the mesons within the isospin doublets. The isospin effects are seen to be large for high baryon densities. This study can have significant observable consequences, such as in the production ratios, e.g., $K^{+}/K^0$, $K^{-}/\overline{K^0}$, $D^{+}/D^0$, $D^{-}/{\bar{D}}^0$, $B^{+}/B^0$ and $B^{-}/{\bar{B}}^0$ in the upcoming heavy ion collision experiments at FAIR project at GSI, where the experiments are planned to be performed using neutron-rich beams to study the compressed baryonic matter.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRC(2024)·8 citations
22. 22*

    Time-lag in hadronic channel: to explore delayed VHE-flare of 3C 279

    Sunanda🇮🇳 · Reetanjali Moharana🇮🇳

    On 28 January 2018, the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) reported a significant very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray activity, occurring nearly 11 days after the high-energy (HE) gamma-ray flare observed by \textit{Fermi}-LAT from the blazar 3C 279. It has long been considered a candidate site for accelerating particles to ultra-high energies (UHE) and producing subsequent secondaries. Such an event can be crucial to explore the different phenomena of secondary production from the UHEs and viable to understand the energetics of the sources. Our study finds that the multi-wavelength flare, spanning UV, optical, X-rays, and HE gamma rays, originates from leptonic emissions, whereas the delayed VHE activity by proton synchrotron emission within the source, results from the extended duration of particle acceleration. To explain the prolonged electromagnetic emission, our model requires a magnetic field luminosity (L${}_B^{\prime }$) $6.1\times 10^{43}$ erg/sec, a proton luminosity (L${}_p^{\prime }$) $1.2\times 10^{46}$ erg/sec in the jet frame.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phAstrophys.Space Sci.(2025)·2 citations
23. 23*

    Axion-like Universal Gravitational Wave Interpretation of Pulsar Timing Array Data

    Kaloian D. Lozanov🇯🇵 · Shi Pi🇨🇳 · Misao Sasaki🇯🇵 · Volodymyr Takhistov🇯🇵 · Ao Wang🇨🇳

    Formation of cosmological solitons is generically accompanied by production of gravitational waves (GWs), with a universal GW background expected at frequency scales below that of non-linear dynamics. Beginning with a general phenomenological description of GWs associated with soliton formation, we demonstrate that universal GW background from axion-like particle (ALP) solitonic oscillons provides a viable interpretation to the recent NANOGrav 15 year pulsar timing array data, which does not suffer from the overproduction of primordial black holes. We show that pulsar timing array data displays preference for models where formed solitons do not strongly interact or cluster. Coincidence observations with Nancy Roman telescope will allow to discriminate between distinct scenarios of cosmological solitons.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.HEhep-phhep-thClass.Quant.Grav.(2025)·33 citations
24. 24*

    Hadronic processes at work in 5BZB J0630-2406

    Gaëtan Fichet de Clairfontaine🇩🇪 · Sara Buson🇩🇪 · Leonard Pfeiffer🇩🇪 · Stefano Marchesi🇮🇹 · Alessandra Azzollini🇩🇪 · Vardan Baghmanyan🇩🇪 · Andrea Tramacere🇨🇭 · Eleonora Barbano🇩🇪 · Lenz Oswald🇩🇪

    Recent observations are shedding light on the important role that active galactic nuclei (AGN) play in the production of high-energy neutrinos. In this study, we focus on one object, 5BZB J0630-2406, which is among the blazars recently proposed as associated with neutrino emission during the first 7-yr IceCube observations. Modelling the quasi-simultaneous, broad-band spectral energy distribution, we explore various scenarios from purely leptonic to lepto-hadronic models, testing the inclusion of external photon fields. This theoretical study provides a complementary testing ground for the proposed neutrino-blazar association. Despite being historically classified as a BL Lac, our study shows that 5BZB J0630-2406 belongs to the relatively rare sub-class of high-power flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs). Our results indicate that interactions between protons and external radiation fields can produce a neutrino flux that is within the reach of the IceCube detector. Furthermore, the spectral shape of the X-ray emission suggests the imprint of hadronic processes related to very energetic protons.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phApJL(2023)·18 citations
25. 25*

    The Quantum Spectral Method: From Atomic Orbitals to Classical Self-Force

    Majed Khalaf🇮🇱 · Ofri Telem🇮🇱

    Can classical systems be described analytically at all orders in their interaction strength? For periodic and approximately periodic systems, the answer is yes, as we show in this work. Our analytical approach, which we call the \textit{Quantum Spectral Method}, is based on a novel application of Bohr's correspondence principle, obtaining non-perturbative classical dynamics as the classical limit of \textit{quantum matrix elements}. A major application of our method is the calculation of self-force as the classical limit of atomic radiative transitions. We demonstrate this by calculating an adiabatic electromagnetic inspiral, along with its associated radiation, at all orders in the multipole expansion. Finally, we propose a future application of the Quantum Spectral Method to compute scalar and gravitational self-force in Schwarzschild, analytically.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-thJHEP(2024)·9 citations
26. 26*

    Detecting Fast Neutrino Flavor Conversions with Machine Learning

    Sajad Abbar🇩🇪 · Hiroki Nagakura🇯🇵

    Neutrinos in dense environments like core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) and neutron star mergers (NSMs) can undergo fast flavor conversions (FFCs) once the angular distribution of neutrino lepton number crosses zero along a certain direction. Recent advancements have demonstrated the effectiveness of machine learning (ML) in detecting these crossings. In this study, we enhance prior research in two significant ways. Firstly, we utilize realistic data from CCSN simulations, where neutrino transport is solved using the full Boltzmann equation. We evaluate the ML methods' adaptability in a real-world context, enhancing their robustness. In particular, we demonstrate that when working with artificial data, simpler models outperform their more complex counterparts, a noteworthy illustration of the bias-variance tradeoff in the context of ML. We also explore methods to improve artificial datasets for ML training. In addition, we extend our ML techniques to detect the crossings in the heavy-leptonic channels, accommodating scenarios where ${\nu }_x$ and ${\bar{\nu }}_x$ may differ. Our research highlights the extensive versatility and effectiveness of ML techniques, presenting an unparalleled opportunity to evaluate the occurrence of FFCs in CCSN and NSM simulations.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phPRD(2024)·21 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.