Wed·Oct 4, 2023Wednesday·October 4, 2023

1. 01*

   Neutrinos from muon-rich ultra high energy electromagnetic cascades: The MUNHECA code

   AmirFarzan Esmaeili🇧🇷 · Arman Esmaili🇧🇷 · Pasquale Dario Serpico🇫🇷

   An ultra high energy electromagnetic cascade, a purely leptonic process and initiated by either photons or $e^{\pm }$, can be a source of high energy neutrinos. We present a public python3 code, MUNHECA, to compute the neutrino spectrum by taking into account various QED processes, with the cascade developing either along the propagation in the cosmic microwave background in the high-redshift universe or in a predefined photon background surrounding the astrophysical source. The user can adjust various settings of MUNHECA, including the spectrum of injected high energy photons, the background photon field and the QED processes governing the cascade evolution. We improve the modeling of several processes, provide examples of the execution of MUNHECA and compare it with some earlier and more simplified estimates of the neutrino spectrum from electromagnetic cascades.

   hep-phComput.Phys.Commun.(2024)·7 citations
2. 02*

   Spectroscopy of heavy baryons

   Roelof Bijker🇲🇽 · Emmanuel Ortiz-Pacheco🇸🇮

   We present a study of mass spectra and electromagnetic couplings of $S$- and $P$-wave heavy baryons in the framework of a non-relativistic harmonic oscillator quark model. Particular attention is paid to the properties of heavy cascade baryons, ${\Xi }_Q$ and ${\Xi }_Q^{\prime }$.

   hep-phNuovo Cim.C(2024)·3 citations
3. 03*

   Revisiting the Scalar Leptoquark ($S_1$) Model with the Updated Leptonic Constraints

   Bibhabasu De🇮🇳

   The Standard Model, if extended to the energy scale of $\mathcal{O}(1)$ TeV, the known particle spectrum could be augmented with a scalar leptoquark. Within this minimally extended framework, explaining the anomalous magnetic moment and electric dipole moment simultaneously for the three lepton generations over a parameter space consistent with all the lepton flavor violating bounds is possible. Such a model can be tested or falsified through the collider search experiments and/or by probing the low-energy lepton phenomena. This work studies the current prospects of the model in the presence of recent experimental updates for the leptonic observables.

   hep-phEPJC(2023)·4 citations
4. 04*

   Decipher the width of the $X(3872)$ via the QCD sum rules

   Zhi-Gang Wang🇨🇳

   In this work, we take the $X(3872)$ as the hidden-charm tetraquark state with both isospin $I=0$ and $1$ components, then investigate the strong decays $X(3872)\to J/\psi {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$, $J/\psi \omega$, ${\chi }_{c1}{\pi }^0$, $D^{\ast 0}{\bar{D}}^0$ and $D^0{\bar{D}}^0{\pi }^0$ with the QCD sum rules. We take account of all the Feynman diagrams, and acquire four QCD sum rules based on rigorous quark-hadron duality. We obtain the total decay width about $1\mathrm{MeV}$, which is in excellent agreement with the experiment data ${\Gamma }_X=1.19\pm 0.21\mathrm{MeV}$ from the Particle Data Group, it is the first time to reproduce the tiny width of the $X(3872)$ via the QCD sum rules, which supports assigning the $X(3872)$ as the hidden-charm tetraquark state with the $J^{PC}=1^{++}$.

   hep-phPRD(2024)·26 citations
5. 05*

   Properties of the $T_{cc}(3875{)}^{+}$ and the $T_{\bar{c}\bar{c}}(3875{)}^{-}$ states in nuclear matter

   Victor Montesinos🇪🇸 · Miguel Albaladejo🇪🇸 · Juan Nieves🇪🇸 · Laura Tolos🇪🇸

   Since its first detection, the interesting properties of the $T_{cc}(3875{)}^{+}$ have made it to be one of the most prominent tetraquark-like states up to date. In this work we present a joint analysis of the $T_{cc}^{+}$ and its charge-conjugated partner in a dense nuclear medium. We start by considering both states as purely isoscalar $D^{\ast }D$ and $\overline{D}{}^{\ast }\overline{D}$ $S$-wave bound states, respectively. We use previous results for the in-medium $D$, $\overline{D}$, $D^{\ast }$ and $\overline{D}{}^{\ast }$ spectral functions to determine the modified two-meson amplitudes. We find important changes in the in-medium mass and width of both tetraquark-like resonances, which become more visible when increasing the nuclear density and molecular probabilities. The experimental confirmation of the found distinctive patterns will support the existence of molecular components in the $T_{cc}^{+}$ and $T_{\bar{c}\bar{c}}^{-}$ wave functions.

   hep-phnucl-thEPJ Web Conf.(2024)·1 citation
6. 06*

   Effective lagrangian for the macroscopic motion of fermionic matter

   M.Selch🇮🇱 · R.A. Abramchuk🇮🇱 · M.A.Zubkov🇮🇱

   We consider macroscopic motion of quantum field systems. Zubarev statistical operator allows to describe several types of motion of such systems in thermal equilibrium. We formulate the corresponding effective theory on the language of functional integral. The effective lagrangian is calculated explicitly for the fermionic systems interacting with dynamical gauge fields. Possible applications to physics of quark - gluon plasma are discussed.

   hep-phPRD(2024)·6 citations
7. 07*

   Light QCD Axion Dark Matter from Double Level Crossings

   Hai-Jun Li🇨🇳 · Ying-Quan Peng🇨🇳 · Wei Chao🇨🇳 · Yu-Feng Zhou🇨🇳

   The even light QCD axion called the $Z_{\mathcal{N}}$ axion can both solve the strong CP problem and account for the dark matter (DM). We point out that the single and double level crossings can naturally take place in the mass mixing between the $Z_{\mathcal{N}}$ axion and axionlike particle (ALP). The first level crossing occurs much earlier than the QCD phase transition, while the second level crossing occurs exactly during the QCD phase transition if it exists. We also find that the single level crossing can transform into the double level crossings, depending on the ALP mass $m_A$ versus the zero-temperature $Z_{\mathcal{N}}$ axion mass $m_{a,0}$. Compared with the no level crossing case, the $Z_{\mathcal{N}}$ axion relic density can be suppressed in the single level crossing, and enhanced or suppressed in the double level crossings.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPLB(2024)·18 citations
8. 08*

   Stability of Initial Glasma Fields

   Sylwia Bazak🇵🇱 · Stanislaw Mrowczynski🇵🇱

   A system of gluon fields produced in the earliest phase of relativistic heavy-ion collisions, which is called `glasma', can be described in terms of classical fields. Initially there are chromoelectric and chromomagnetic fields along the collision axis. A linear stability analysis of these fields is performed, assuming that the fields are space-time uniform and using the SU(2) gauge group. We apply Milne coordinates and the gauge condition which are usually used in studies of glasma. The chromoelectric field is in the Abelian configuration with the corresponding potential linearly depending on coordinates but the chromomagnetic field is in the nonAbelian configuration generated by the potential of non-commuting components. The chromomagnetic field is found to be unstable and the growth rate of the unstable mode is derived. Our findings are critically debated and confronted with the numerical simulations by Romatschke and Venugopalan who found that the evolving glasma is unstable due to the Weibel instability well-known in electromagnetic plasma.

   hep-phnucl-thPRC(2024)·6 citations
9. 09*

   Spin-Spin Coupling at Small $x$: Worm-Gear and Pretzelosity TMDs

   M. Gabriel Santiago🇺🇸

   We study the small-$x$ asymptotics of the leading-twist quark transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) which encode couplings between the polarization of the quarks and that of their parent hadron, with at least one of the two polarizations in the transverse direction: the two worm-gear TMDs $g_{1T}$ and $h_{1L}^{\perp }$, and the pretzelosity $h_{1T}^{\perp }$. We apply the recently developed Light Cone Operator Treatment, finding that in the flavor non-singlet sector all three TMDs reduce in the small-$x$ limit to previously known polarized dipole amplitudes, and thus the large-$N_c$, linearized, Double Logarithmic Approximation (DLA) asymptotics have all been solved for previously. For the worm-gear TMD $g_{1T}$ we find \begin{align} g_{1T}^{\textrm{NS}} (x \ll 1, k_T^2) \sim \left( \frac{1}{x} \right)^0 , \end{align} while for the worm-gear TMD $h_{1L}^{\perp }$ we find \begin{align} h_{1L}^{\perp \textrm{NS}} (x \ll 1, k_T^2) \sim \left( \frac{1}{x} \right)^{-1}. \end{align} Finally, for the pretzelosity TMD $h_{1T}^{\perp }$ we find \begin{align} h_{1 T}^{\perp \textrm{NS}} (x \ll 1, k_T^2) \sim \left( \frac{1}{x} \right)^{-1 + 2 \sqrt{\frac{\alpha_s N_c}{2\pi}}}. \end{align} We have compiled these asymptotics together with those of the other five flavor non-singlet, leading-twist quark TMDs into a single unified table.

   hep-phPRD(2024)·12 citations
10. 10*

    Higher orders for cosmological phase transitions: a global study in a Yukawa model

    Oliver Gould🇬🇧 · Cheng Xie🇬🇧

    We perform a state-of-the-art global study of the cosmological thermal histories of a simple Yukawa model, and find higher perturbative orders to be important for determining both the presence and strength of strong first-order phase transitions. Using high-temperature effective field theory, we calculate the free energy density of the model up to $\mathcal{O}(y^5{T}^4)$, where $y$ is the Yukawa coupling and $T$ is the temperature. The locations of phase transitions are found using the results of lattice Monte-Carlo simulations, and the strength of first-order transitions are evaluated within perturbation theory, to 3-loop order. This is the first global study of any model at this order. Compared to a vanilla 1-loop analysis, accurate to $\mathcal{O}(y^2{T}^4)$, reaching such accuracy enables on average a five-fold reduction in the relative error in the predicted critical temperature $T_{\text{c}}$, and an additional $\sim 50\%$ strong first-order transitions with latent heat $L/T_{\text{c}}^4>0.1$ to be identified in our scan.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thJHEP(2023)·34 citations
11. 11*

    Oscillating Fields, Emergent Gravity and Particle Traps

    Alexander A. Penin🇨🇦 · Aneca Su🇨🇦

    We study the large-scale dynamics of charged particles in a rapidly oscillating field and formulate its classical and quantum effective theory description. The high-order perturbative results for the effective action are presented. Remarkably, the action models the effects of general relativity on the motion of nonrelativistic particles, with the values of the emergent curvature and speed of light determined by the field spatial distribution and frequency. Our results can be applied to a wide range of physical problems including the high-precision analysis and design of the charged particle traps and Floquet quantum materials.

    hep-phcond-mat.mes-hallhep-thquant-phPRL(2024)·4 citations
12. 12*

    Low-Energy Compton Scattering in Materials

    Rouven Essig🇺🇸 · Yonit Hochberg🇮🇱 · Yutaro Shoji🇮🇱 · Aman Singal🇺🇸 · Gregory Suczewski🇺🇸

    Low-energy Compton scattering is an important background for sub-GeV dark matter direct-detection and other experiments. Current Compton scattering calculations typically rely on assumptions that are not valid in the low-energy region of interest, beneath ~ 50 eV. Here we relate the low-energy Compton scattering differential cross section to the dielectric response of the material. Our new approach can be used for a wide range of materials and includes all-electron, band structure, and collective effects, which can be particularly relevant at low energies. We demonstrate the strength of our approach in several solid-state systems, in particular Si, Ge, GaAs, and SiC, which are relevant for current and proposed experiments searching for dark matter, neutrinos, and millicharged particles.

    hep-phPRD(2024)·6 citations
13. 13*

    Di-Higgs Signatures in Neutral Naturalness

    Mario W. Barela🇧🇷 · Rodolfo Capdevilla🇺🇸

    The Higgs boson was the last fundamental piece of the Standard Model to be experimentally confirmed. LHC is embarked in a quest to probe the possibility that this particle provides a portal to new physics. One front of this quest consists in measuring the interactions of the Higgs with itself and with other SM particles to a high precision. In a more exotic front, the LHC is searching for the possibility that a pair of Higgses (HH) is the evidence of a new resonance. Such resonances are predicted in models with extended Higgs sectors, extra dimensions, and in models with exotic bound states. In this paper we show how scalar quirks in Folded Supersymmetry can give rise to HH resonances. We point out a viable sector of the parameter space in which HH is the dominant decay channel for these {\it squirkonium} bound states. We found that future runs of the LHC could discover HH resonances in the range of 0.5 - 1.6 TeV under reasonable assumptions. Furthermore, for a given mass and width of the HH signal, the model predicts the branching ratio of the subsequent decay modes of the heavy resonance. Finding the extra decay modes in the predicted pattern can serve as a smoking gun to confirm the model.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2024)·3 citations
14. 14*

    Ultra-High-Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy

    Zhen Cao🇨🇳 · Songzhan Chen🇨🇳 · Ruoyu Liu🇨🇳 · Ruizhi Yang🇨🇳

    Ultra-High Energy (UHE, $>$0.1\,PeV) $\gamma$-ray Astronomy is rapidly evolving into an expanding branch of the $\gamma$-ray astronomy with the surprising discovery of 12 PeVatrons and the detection of a handful of photons above 1 PeV. Nearly all known celestial object types that have emissions in the TeV band are found also emitting UHE photons. UHE $\gamma$-rays have a well-defined horizon inside our galaxy due to the absorption of infrared and cosmic microwave backgrounds in the universe. With the last 30 years, traditional cosmic ray (CR) detection techniques allow the detection of UHE $\gamma$-rays, and opened up the last observation window. For leptonic sources, UHE radiation is in the deep Klein-Nishina regime which is largely suppressed. Therefore UHE $\gamma$-ray detection will help to locate and identify hadronic radiation sources, tracing the historic pursuit for the origin of CRs around the knee of the spectrum. The Crab Nebula is again the focus of attention with measured photon emissions above 1\,PeV. In the absence of hadronic processes, this may indicate the existence of an extreme accelerator of e${}^{+}$/e${}^{-}$. Utilization of the CR extensive air shower detection techniques broadens the field of view of the source observations, enabling the measurement of UHE radiation surrounding the sources. These observations can probe the particle propagation inside and outside the accelerators and the subsequent injection/escape into the interstellar medium.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-exhep-phAnn.Rev.Nucl.Part.Sci.(2023)·24 citations
15. 15*

    Statistical Issues on the Neutrino Mass Hierarchy with $\Delta {\chi }^2$

    Fatma Sawy🇪🇬 · Luca Stanco🇮🇹

    The Neutrino Mass Hierarchy Determination ($\nu$ MHD) is one of the main goals of the major current and future neutrino experiments. The statistical analysis usually proceeds from a standard method, a single dimensional estimator $(1D-\Delta {\chi }^2)$ that shows some draw-backs and concerns, together with a debatable strategy. The draw-backs and considerations of the standard method will be explianed through the following three main issues. First issue is the limited power of the standard method. The $\Delta {\chi }^2$ estimator provides us with different results when different simulation procedures were used. Second issue, when ${\chi }_{min(NH)}^2$ and ${\chi }_{min(IH)}^2$ are drawn in a $2D$ map, their strong positive correlation manifests ${\chi }^2$ as a bi-dimensional instead of single dimensional estimator. The overlapping between the ${\chi }^2$ distributions of the two hypotheses leads to the experiment sensitivity reduction. Third issue is the robustness of the standard method. When the JUNO sensitivity is obtained using different procedures, $\Delta {\chi }^2$ as one dimensional and ${\chi }^2$ as two dimensional estimator, the experimental sensitivity varies with the different values of the atmospheric mass, the input parameter. We computed the oscillation of $|\overline{\Delta {\chi }^2}|$ with the input parameter values, $|\Delta m^2{|}_{input}$. The MH significance using the standard method, $\Delta {\chi }^2$, strongly depends on the values of the parameter $|\Delta m^2{|}_{input}$. Consequently, the experiment sensitivity depends on the precision of the atmospheric mass. This evaluation of the standard method confirms the draw-backs.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phphysics.data-anAdv.High Energy Phys.(2024)·1 citation
16. 16*

    Dark Matter Search with Cherenkov Telescope Array

    Nagisa Hiroshima🇯🇵

    Many models of dark matter (DM) are now widely considered and probed intensively with accelerators, underground detectors, and astrophysical experiments. Among the various approaches, high-energy astrophysical observations are extremely useful to complement laboratory searches for some DM candidates. In the near future, the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) should enable us to access much heavier weakly interacting massive particles, as well as a broad range of other DM candidates. In this talk, we describe DM searches with CTA.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.COhep-ph0 citations
17. 17*

    Relativistic magnetohydrodynamics of a spinful and vortical fluid: Entropy current analysis

    M. Kiamari🇮🇷 · N. Sadooghi🇮🇷 · M. Sedighi Jafari🇮🇷

    We generalize a recently introduced formulation of relativistic spinful and vortical fluid to relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). We refer to it as the "Spinful-Vortical MHD" (SVMHD). The aim is to scrutinize the interplay between the vorticity, magnetic field, and spin, which is treated as a quantum object, in contrast to other formulations of spin hydrodynamics. To this purpose, we first perform a standard entropy current analysis up to first-order gradient expansion, $\mathcal{O}\left(\partial \right)$ as well as $\mathcal{O}\left(\hslash \partial \right)$, where $\hslash$ is the Planck constant. In contrast to alternative formulations of spin MHD, in the absence of vorticity, the zeroth-order energy-momentum tensor includes an additional magneto-vorticity mixed term and reduces, as expected, to the energy-momentum tensor of MHD. We show that in the first-order of gradient expansion, $36$ dissipative transport coefficients appear. They satisfy certain constraints that guarantee the positive definiteness of the entropy production rate. We then modify the formulation of SVMHD by replacing the magnetic part of the thermal vorticity tensor with its electric part. Carrying out the same analysis as in the standard formulation, we show that in this case, the first-order constitutive relations consist of $11$ nondissipative Hall-like coefficients, apart from $25$ dissipative coefficients. This difference arises from different behavior of the electric and magnetic part of the thermal vorticity under time-reversal transformation.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRD(2024)·22 citations
18. 18*

    A new perspective on thermal transition in QCD

    Masanori Hanada🇬🇧 · Hiroki Ohata🇯🇵 · Hidehiko Shimada🇯🇵 · Hiromasa Watanabe🇯🇵

    Motivated by the picture of partial deconfinement developed in recent years for large-$N$ gauge theories, we propose a new way of analyzing and understanding thermal phase transition in QCD. We find nontrivial support for our proposal by analyzing the WHOT-QCD collaboration's lattice configurations for SU(3) QCD in $3+1$ spacetime dimensions with up, down, and strange quarks. We find that the Polyakov line (the holonomy matrix around a thermal time circle) is governed by the Haar-random distribution at low temperatures. The deviation from the Haar-random distribution at higher temperatures can be measured via the character expansion, or equivalently, via the expectation values of the Polyakov loop defined by the various nontrivial representations of SU(3). We find that the Polyakov loop corresponding to the fundamental representation and loops in the higher representation condense at different temperatures. This suggests that there are (at least) three phases, one intermediate phase existing in between the completely-confined and the completely-deconfined phases. Our identification of the intermediate phase is supported also by the condensation of instantons: by studying the instanton numbers of the WHOT-QCD configurations, we find that the instanton condensation occurs for temperature regimes corresponding to what we identify as the completely-confined and intermediate phases, whereas the instantons do not condense in the completely-deconfined phase. Our characterization of confinement based on the Haar-randomness explains why the Polyakov loop is a good observable to distinguish the confinement and the deconfinement phases in QCD despite the absence of the ${\mathbb{Z}}_3$ center symmetry.

    ↳ hep-thhep-lathep-phnucl-thPTEP(2024)·19 citations
19. 19*

    Updated bounds on Axion-Like Particle Dark Matter with the optical MUSE-Faint survey

    Elisa Todarello🇮🇹

    Bounds are derived on the axion-like particle (ALP) to two-photon coupling in the mass range $2.65-5.27$ eV. The bounds are obtained by searching for the signal from ALP decay in the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) observations of five dwarf spheroidal galaxies, under the assumption that ALPs constitute the dark matter component of the haloes. These bounds are of the same order and improve on the robustness of those of Reference~\cite{Regis}, and currently represent the strongest bounds within the considered mass range.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phAnnalen Phys.(2024)·0 citations
20. 20*

    Axio-Chameleons: A Novel String-Friendly Multi-field Screening Mechanism

    Philippe Brax🇫🇷 · C.P. Burgess🇨🇦 · F. Quevedo🇬🇧

    Scalar-tensor theories with the shift symmetries required by light scalars are well-explored modifications to GR. For these, two-derivative scalar self-interactions usually dominate at low energies and interestingly compete with the two-derivative metric interactions of GR itself. Although much effort has been invested in single scalars (on grounds of simplicity) these happen to have no two-derivative interactions, requiring such models to explore higher-derivative interactions (that usually would be less important at low-energies). This suggests multiple-scalar sigma models as well-motivated candidates for finding new phenomena in tests of gravity. We identify a new multi-field screening mechanism appropriate for two light scalar fields (an axion and a Brans-Dicke style dilaton) that relies on their mutual two-derivative interactions. We show how very weak axion-matter couplings can introduce axion gradients that can reduce the apparent coupling of the Brans-Dicke scalar to macroscopic matter sources. We further identify a relaxation mechanism that allows this reduction to be amplified to a suppression by the ratio of the axion gradient's length scale to the source's radius (similar in size to the suppression found in Chameleon models). Unlike some screening mechanisms our proposal is technically natural and works deep within the regime of control of the low-energy EFT. It uses only ingredients that commonly appear in the low-energy limit of string vacua and so is likely to have wider applications to models that admit UV completions. We briefly discuss phenomenological implications and challenges for this scenario, which suggests re-examination of decay loss bounds and the value of equivalence-principle tests for different-sized objects.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phJCAP(2024)·25 citations
21. 21*

    Path Integral Factorization and the Gravitational Effective Action

    Patrick Draper🇺🇸 · Szilard Farkas🇺🇸 · Manthos Karydas🇺🇸

    We discuss the factorization and continuity properties of fields in the Euclidean gravitational path integral with higher dimension operators constructed from powers of the Riemann tensor. We construct the boundary terms corresponding to the microcanonical ensemble and show that the saddle point approximation to the path integral with a quasilocal energy constraint generally yields a saddle point with discontinuous temperature. This extends a previous result for the Euclidean Schwarzschild-de Sitter geometry in Einstein gravity and shows that it is robust against at least some types of quantum corrections from heavy fields. As an application, we compute the entropy of SdS in $\text{D}=4$ using the BTZ method. Our result matches the entropy calculated using Wald's formula.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phClass.Quant.Grav.(2024)·3 citations
22. 22*

    Lattice studies of Sp(2N) gauge theories using GRID

    Niccolò Forzano🇬🇧 · Ed Bennett🇬🇧 · Peter Boyle🇺🇸 · Luigi Del Debbio🇬🇧 · Deog Ki Hong🇰🇷 · Jong-Wan Lee🇰🇷 · Julian Lenz🇬🇧 · C.-J. David Lin🇹🇼 · Biagio Lucini🇬🇧 · Alessandro Lupo🇬🇧 · Maurizio Piai🇬🇧 · Davide Vadacchino🇬🇧

    Four-dimensional gauge theories based on symplectic Lie groups provide elegant realisations of the microscopic origin of several new physics models. Numerical studies pursued on the lattice provide quantitative information necessary for phenomenological applications. To this purpose, we implemented Sp(2N) gauge theories using Monte Carlo techniques within Grid, a performant framework designed for the numerical study of quantum field theories on the lattice. We show the first results obtained using this library, focusing on the case-study provided by the Sp(4) theory coupled to Nas = 4 Wilson-Dirac fermions transforming in the 2-index antisymmetric representation. In particular, we discuss preliminary tests of the algorithm and we test some of its main functionalities.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPoS(2024)·4 citations
23. 23*

    The deconfinement phase transition in $Sp(2N)$ gauge theories and the density of states method

    David Mason🇬🇧 · Biagio Lucini🇬🇧 · Maurizio Piai🇬🇧 · Enrico Rinaldi🇯🇵 · Davide Vadacchino🇬🇧

    First-order phase transitions in the early universe might produce a detectable background of gravitational waves. As these phase transitions can be generated by new physics, it is important to quantify these effects. Many pure Yang-Mills gauge theories are known to undergo first-order deconfinement phase transitions, with properties that can be studied with lattice simulations. Despite the recent surge of interest in $Sp(2N)$ gauge theories as a candidate for models of physics beyond the standard model, studies of these theories at finite temperature are still very limited. In this contribution we will present preliminary results of an ongoing numerical investigation of the thermodynamic properties of the deconfinement phase transition in $Sp(4)$ Yang-Mills theory, using the linear logarithmic relaxation algorithm. This method enables us to obtain a highly accurate determination of the density of states, allowing for a precise reconstruction of thermodynamic observables. In particular, it gives access to otherwise difficult to determine quantities such as the free energy of the system, even along metastable and unstable branches, hence providing an additional direct observable to study the dynamics of the phase transition.

    ↳ hep-latastro-ph.COhep-phhep-thPoS(2024)·9 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.