Thu·Aug 10, 2023Thursday·August 10, 2023

1. 01*

   Fermion mass, Axion dark matter, and Leptogenesis in SO(10) GUT

   Ajay Kaladharan🇺🇸 · Shaikh Saad🇨🇭

   SO(10) grand unified theory with minimum parameters in the Yukawa sector employs the Peccei-Quinn symmetry that solves the strong CP problem. Such an economical Yukawa sector is highly appealing and has been extensively studied in the literature. However, when the running of the renormalization group equations of the Yukawa couplings are considered, this scenario shows somewhat tension with the observed fermion masses and mixing. In this work, we propose an extension of the minimal framework that alleviates this tension by introducing only a few new parameters. The proposed model consists of a fermion in the fundamental and a scalar in the spinorial representations. While the latter is needed to implement the Peccei-Quinn symmetry successfully, the presence of both is essential in obtaining an excellent fit to the fermion mass spectrum. In our model, axions serve the role of dark matter, and the out-of-equilibrium decays of the right-handed neutrinos successfully generate the matter-antimatter symmetry of the Universe.

   hep-phPRD(2024)·10 citations
2. 02*

   Nucleon Resonance Masses from QCD Sum Rules

   Nasrallah F. Nasrallah🇱🇧 · Karl Schilcher🇩🇪

   A method used previously to calculate the masses of the vector mesons is extended to the calculation of the nucleon resonances. The method is based on the choice of integration kernels which eliminate the unknown parts of the spectrum. We obtain remarkably stable results in a wide range of R, the radius of the integration contour in the complex plane. Agreement with experiment is good.

   hep-ph0 citations
3. 03*

   Gravitational form factors of the proton from near-threshold vector meson photoproduction

   Xiao-Yun Wang🇨🇳 · Fancong Zeng🇨🇳 · Jiyuan Zhang🇨🇳

   We embark on a systematical analysis of the quark and gluon gravitational form factors (GFFs) of the proton, by connecting energy-momentum tensor (EMT) and the near-threshold vector meson photoproduction (NTVMP). Concretely, the quark contributions of GFFs are determined by global fitting the cross section of the lightest vector meson ${\rho }^0$ photoproduction. Combined with the gluon GFFs achieved from heavy quarkonium $J/\psi$ photoproduction data, the complete GFFs are obtained and compared with the experimental results and Lattice QCD determinations. In addition, we use the Resonances Via Padé (RVP) method based on the Schlessinger Point Method (SPM) to obtain a model-independent quark $D$-term distribution by direct analytical continuation of Deep Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) experimental data. If errors are considered, the results obtained by RVP are basically consistent with those obtained by NTVMP. Moreover, the comprehensive information on GFFs helps us to uncover the mass distribution and mechanical properties inside the proton. This work is not only an important basis for delving the proton enigmatic properties, unraveling the secrets of the proton internal nature but also have significance theoretical guiding for future JLab and EICs experimental measurements.

   hep-phnucl-thCPC(2024)·14 citations
4. 04*

   UPCs as probes of partonic structure -- exclusive and inclusive processes

   V. Guzey (Jyvaskyla U. and Helsinki U.)🇫🇮

   Ultraperipheral collisions (UPCs) at the LHC and RHIC provide important new information on the partonic structure of the proton and nuclei and small-$x$ dynamics in QCD. We review phenomenological applications of the collinear factorization at leading and next-to-leading orders of perturbative QCD and the dipole model to coherent and incoherent $J/\psi$ photoproduction in Pb-Pb UPCs at the LHC emphasizing the strong leading twist gluon nuclear shadowing, the role of quark-antiquark-gluon dipoles, and a possible onset the gluon saturation in nuclei. We also discuss inclusive and diffractive dijet photoproduction in UPCs, which give complementary constraints on nuclear parton distributions and the pattern of factorization breaking in diffraction.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exPoS(2024)·1 citation
5. 05*

   Meson cloud contributions to the Dalitz decays of decuplet to octet baryons

   G. Ramalho🇰🇷 · K. Tsushima🇧🇷

   We study the role of the meson cloud on the electromagnetic transitions from decuplet ($B^{\prime }$) to octet ($B$) baryons in terms of the squared four-momentum transfer $q^2$. In the quark model framework, the meson cloud dressing of the quark cores gives important contributions to the ${\gamma }^{\ast }N\to \Delta (1232)$ transition form factors. In the present work, we estimate the meson cloud contributions of all decuplet to octet baryon transitions (${\gamma }^{\ast }B\to B^{\prime }$ or $B^{\prime }\to {\gamma }^{\ast }B$). Models that combine valence quark effects with pion and kaon cloud dressing provide a fair description of the radiative decays of decuplet to octet baryons, namely the ${\Sigma }^0(1385)\to \gamma \Lambda (1116)$ and ${\Sigma }^{+}(1385)\to \gamma {\Sigma }^{+}(1193)$ decays. Previous studies indicated the relevance of the pion cloud effects on the $B^{\prime }\to {\gamma }^{\ast }B$ transition, but also suggested that the kaon cloud contributions may be important in the timelike region. We combine then the contributions of the bare core, estimated by a covariant quark model, with $q^2$-dependent contributions of pion and kaon clouds. We use the framework to calculate the Dalitz decay rates and the Dalitz decay widths of decuplet baryons in octet baryons with di-electrons ($B^{\prime }\to e^{+}{e}^{-}B$) or di-muons ($B^{\prime }\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}B$). We conclude, based on the magnitude of our results, that most estimates of the $B^{\prime }\to e^{+}{e}^{-}B$ Dalitz decay widths may be tested at HADES and PANDA (GSI) in a near future. We discuss also the possibility of measuring the $\Delta (1232)\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}N$ and ${\Sigma }^0(1385)\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}\Lambda (1116)$ decay widths in some facilities, based on the estimated branching ratios.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-ex+1PRD(2023)·9 citations
6. 06*

   Properties of Heavy Higgs Bosons and Dark Matter under Current Experimental Limits in the $\mu$NMSSM

   Zhaoxia Heng🇨🇳 · Xingjuan Li🇨🇳 · Liangliang Shang🇨🇳

   Searches for new particles beyond the Standard Model (SM) are an important task for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In this paper, we investigate the properties of the heavy non-SM Higgs bosons in the $\mu$-term extended Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model ($\mu$NMSSM). We scan the parameter space of the $\mu$NMSSM considering the basic constraints from Higgs data, dark matter (DM) relic density, and LHC searches for sparticles. And we also consider the constraints from the LZ2022 experiment and the muon anomaly constraint at 2$\sigma$ level. We find that the LZ2022 experiment has a strict constraint on the parameter space of the $\mu$NMSSM, and the limits from the DM-nucleon spin-independent (SI) and spin-dependent (SD) cross-sections are complementary. Then we discuss the exotic decay modes of heavy Higgs bosons decaying into SM-like Higgs boson. We find that for doublet-dominated Higgs $h_3$ and $A_2$, the main exotic decay channels are $h_3\to Z{A}_1$, $h_3\to h_1{h}_2$, $A_2\to A_1{h}_1$ and $A_2\to Z{h}_2$, and the branching ratio can reach to about 23$\%$, 10$\%$, 35$\%$ and 10$\%$ respectively. At the 13 TeV LHC, the production cross-section of $ggF\to h_3\to h_1{h}_2$ and $ggF\to A_2\to A_1{h}_1$ can reach to about $10^{-11}$pb and $10^{-10}$pb, respectively.

   hep-phUniverse(2025)·3 citations
7. 07*

   Discovery Prospects for Electron and Neutron Electric Dipole Moments in the General Two Higgs Doublet Model

   Wei-Shu Hou🇹🇼 · Girish Kumar🇹🇼 · Sven Teunissen🇹🇼

   Baryon asymmetry of the Universe offers one of the strongest hints for physics Beyond the Standard Model (BSM). Remarkably, in the general two Higgs Doublet Model (g2HDM) that possesses a second set of Yukawa matrices, one can have electroweak baryogenesis (EWBG) while the electron electric dipole moment (eEDM) is evaded by a natural flavor tuning that echoes SM. We show that eEDM may first emerge around $10^{-30}e$ cm or so, followed by neutron EDM (nEDM) down to $10^{-27}e$ cm. We illustrate a cancellation mechanism for nEDM itself, which in turn can be probed when a facility capable of pushing down to $10^{-28}e$ cm becomes available.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2024)·12 citations
8. 08*

   Lévy $\alpha$-stable model for the non-exponential low-$|t|$ proton-proton differential cross section

   T. Csörgő🇭🇺 · S. Hegyi🇭🇺 · I. Szanyi🇭🇺

   It is known that the Real Extended Bialas-Bzdak (ReBB) model describes the proton-proton ($pp$) and proton-antiproton ($p\bar{p}$) differential cross-section data in a statistically non-excludible way,\linebreak i.e., with a confidence level greater than or equal to 0.1\% in the center of mass energy range \linebreak 546 GeV $\le \sqrt{s}\le$ 8 TeV and in the squared four-momentum transfer range 0.37 GeV${}^2$ $\le -t\le$ 1.2 GeV${}^2$. Considering, instead of Gaussian, a more general Lévy $\alpha$-stable shape for the parton distributions of the constituent quark and diquark inside the proton and for the relative separation between them, a generalized description of data is obtained, where the ReBB model corresponds to the $\alpha =$ 2 special case. Extending the model to $\alpha <$ 2, we conjecture that the validity of the model can be extended to a wider kinematic range, in particular, to lower values of the four-momentum transfer $-t$. We present the formal Lévy $\alpha$-stable generalization of the Bialas-Bzdak model and show that a simplified version of this model can be successfully fitted, with $\alpha <$ 2, to the non-exponential, low $-t$ differential cross-section data of elastic proton-proton scattering at $\sqrt{s}=$ 8 TeV.

   hep-phUniverse(2023)·5 citations
9. 09*

   Two-loop Vertices with Vacuum Polarization Insertion

   Taushif Ahmed🇩🇪 · Giulio Crisanti🇮🇹 · Federico Gasparotto🇩🇪 · Syed Mehedi Hasan🇩🇪 · Pierpaolo Mastrolia🇮🇹

   We present the analytic evaluation of the second-order corrections to the massive form factors, due to two-loop vertex diagrams with a vacuum polarization insertion, with exact dependence on the external and internal fermion masses, and on the squared momentum transfer. We consider vector, axial-vector, scalar and pseudoscalar interactions between the external fermion and the external field. After renormalization, the finite expressions of the form factors are expressed in terms of polylogarithms up to weight three.

   hep-phhep-thJHEP(2024)·10 citations
10. 10*

    Search for a Non-Relativistic Boson in Two-Body Antimuon Decay

    J. I. Collar🇺🇸 · P. S. Cooper🇺🇸 · C. M. Lewis🇺🇸

    We demonstrate the feasibility of probing the charged lepton flavor violating decay ${\mu }^{+}\to e^{+}{X}^0$ for the presence of a slow-moving neutral boson $X^0$ capable of undergoing gravitational binding to large structures, and as such able to participate in some cosmological scenarios. A short exposure to surface antimuons from beamline M20 at TRIUMF generates a branching ratio limit of $\lesssim 10^{-5}$. This is comparable or better than previous searches for this channel, although in a thus-far unexplored region of $X^0$ phase space very close to the kinematic limit of the decay. The future improved sensitivity of the method using a customized p-type point contact germanium detector is described.

    hep-phastro-ph.GAhep-exnucl-exPRL(2023)·0 citations
11. 11*

    `Maximal conformality' does not work

    P. M. Stevenson🇺🇸

    The so-called "principle of maximal conformality" is ineffective and does nothing to resolve the renormalization-scheme-dependence problem. Some essential facts about that problem are summarized. It is stressed that RG invariance is a symmetry and that any viable method for resolving the scheme-dependence problem should be formulatable in terms of the invariants of that symmetry.

    hep-phhep-exhep-th2 citations
12. 12*

    From Dirac to Majorana: the Cosmic Neutrino Background capture rate in the minimally extended Standard Model

    Yuber F. Perez-Gonzalez🇬🇧 · Manibrata Sen🇩🇪

    We investigate the capture rate of the cosmic neutrino background on tritium within the Standard Model, extended to incorporate three right-handed singlet neutrinos with explicit lepton-number violation. We consider a scenario where the $6\times 6$ neutrino mixing matrix factorizes into three independent $2\times 2$ pairs and analyze the states produced from weak interactions just before neutrino decoupling. Taking into account the unrestricted Majorana mass scale associated with lepton number violation, spanning from the Grand Unification scale to Planck-suppressed values, we observe a gradual transition in the capture rate from a purely Majorana neutrino to a purely (pseudo) Dirac neutrino. We demonstrate that the capture rate is modified if the lightest active neutrino is relativistic, and this can be used to constrain the tiniest value of mass-squared difference $\sim 10^{-35}{\mathrm{eV}}^2$, between the active-sterile pair, probed so far. Consequently, the cosmic neutrino capture rate could become a promising probe for discerning the underlying mechanism responsible for generating neutrino masses.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2024)·11 citations
13. 13*

    Inflation in Symmergent Metric-Palatini Gravity

    Nilay Bostan🇺🇸 · Canan Karahan🇹🇷 · Ozan Sargın🇹🇷

    In this paper, we study the cosmological inflation phenomenon in symmergent gravity theory. Symmergent gravity is a novel framework which merges gravity and the standard model (SM) so that the gravity emerges from the matter loops and restores the broken gauge symmetries along the way. Symmergent gravity is capable of inducing the gravitational constant $G$ and the quadratic curvature coefficient $c_O$ from the loop corrections of the matter sector in a flat space-time. In the event that all the matter fields, including the beyond the standard model (BSM) sector, are mass degenerate, the vacuum energy can be expressed in terms of $G$ and $c_O$. The parameter which measures the deviation from the mass degeneracy is dubbed $\hat{\alpha }$. The parameters, $c_O$ and $\hat{\alpha }$, of symmergent gravity convey the information about the fermion and boson balance in the matter (SM+BSM) sector in number and in mass, respectively. In our analysis, we have investigated the space of the symmergent parameters $c_O$ and $\hat{\alpha }$ wherein they produce results that comply with the inflationary observables $n_s$, $r$, and $\mathrm{d}{n}_s/\mathrm{d}\ln k$. We have shown that the vacuum energy together with the quadratic curvature term arising in the symmergent gravity prescription are capable of inflating the universe provided that the quadratic curvature coefficient $c_O$ is negative (which corresponds to fermion dominance in number in the matter sector) and the deviation from the mass degeneracy in the matter sector is minute for both boson mass dominance and fermion mass dominance cases.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phJCAP(2024)·8 citations
14. 14*

    Spectroscopy of heavy exotic mesons using lattice QCD static potentials and the Born-Oppenheimer approximation

    Marc Wagner🇩🇪

    I discuss the investigation of heavy exotic mesons using lattice QCD static potentials and the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. I summarize selected recent results for $\bar{b}\bar{b}qq$ tetraquarks, for $I=0$ bottomonium and for $I=1$ bottomonium.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phEPJ Web Conf.(2024)·0 citations
15. 15*

    Bounds on Ultralight Dark Matter from NANOGrav

    Mohammad Aghaie🇮🇹 · Giovanni Armando🇮🇹 · Alessandro Dondarini🇮🇹 · Paolo Panci🇮🇹

    The compelling evidence for the detection of the stochastic gravitational wave background by NANOGrav imposes constraints on the mass of compact cores of ultralight dark matter, also known as "solitons", surrounding supermassive black holes found at the centers of large galaxies. The strong dynamical friction between the rotating black holes and the solitons competes with gravitational emission, resulting in a suppression of the characteristic strain in the nHz frequency range. Our findings robustly rule out ultralight dark matter particles with masses ranging from $1.3\times 10^{-21}$ eV to $1.4\times 10^{-20}$ eV condensing into solitons around supermassive black holes.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phPRD(2024)·48 citations
16. 16*

    Cancellation of quantum corrections on the soft curvature perturbations

    Yuichiro Tada🇯🇵 · Takahiro Terada🇰🇷 · Junsei Tokuda🇰🇷

    We study the cancellation of quantum corrections on the superhorizon curvature perturbations from subhorizon physics beyond the single-clock inflation from the viewpoint of the cosmological soft theorem. As an example, we focus on the transient ultra-slow-roll inflation scenario and compute the one-loop quantum corrections to the power spectrum of curvature perturbations taking into account nontrivial surface terms in the action. We find that Maldacena's consistency relation is satisfied and guarantees the cancellation of contributions from the short-scale modes. As a corollary, primordial black hole production in single-field inflation scenarios is not excluded by perturbativity breakdown even for the sharp transition case in contrast to some recent claims in the literature. We also comment on the relation between the tadpole diagram in the in-in formalism and the shift of the elapsed time in the stochastic-$\delta N$ formalism. We find our argument is not directly generalisable to the tensor perturbations.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phJHEP(2024)·65 citations
17. 17*

    STAR Experimental Highlights at Hard Probes 2023

    Nihar Ranjan Sahoo (for the STAR Collaboration)🇨🇳

    We highlight the STAR experiment's hard probes results, including jets and heavy flavor production in heavy-ion collisions to study the properties of the quark-gluon plasma. Various jet-substructure observables in proton-proton collisions are presented to explore both perturbative and non-perturbative regimes of quantum chromodynamics. Finally, we discuss the STAR experiment's hard probes physics program for ongoing data taking.

    ↳ nucl-exhep-exhep-phnucl-thPoS(2024)·2 citations
18. 18*

    Confronting global 21-cm signal with ${\mathbb{Z}}_3$ symmetric dark matter models

    Debarun Paul🇮🇳 · Antara Dey🇮🇳 · Amit Dutta Banik🇮🇳 · Supratik Pal🇮🇳

    While the ${\mathbb{Z}}_3$ symmetric dark matter models have shown tremendous prospects in addressing a number of (astro-)particle physics problems, they can leave interesting imprints on cosmological observations as well. We consider two such promising models: semi-annihilating dark matter (SADM) and Co-SIMP $2\to 3$ interaction, and investigate their effects on the global 21-cm signal. SADM alone cannot address the EDGES dip but can perform better with the aid of an excess radio background, whereas Co-SIMP can naturally explain the EDGES absorption feature by virtue of an intrinsic cooling effect without invoking any such excess radiation. Hence, the latter model turns out to be a rare model within the domain of CDM, that uses leptophilic interaction to achieve the EDGES dip. Further, keeping in mind the ongoing debate between EDGES and SARAS 3 on the global 21-cm signal, we demonstrate that our chosen models can still remain viable in this context, even if the EDGES data requires reassessment in future. We then extend our investigation to possible reflections on the Dark Ages, followed by a consistency check with the CMB and BAO observations via Planck 2018(+BAO) datasets. This work thus presents a compelling case of exploring these interesting particle physics models in the light of different cosmological observations.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2023)·3 citations
19. 19*

    QCD-Compatible Supermassive Inert Top-Down Holographic Mesinos at Intermediate Coupling

    Aalok Misra🇮🇳 · Gopal Yadav🇮🇳

    A longstanding problem with the popular Sakai-Sugimoto holographic dual of thermal QCD is that the "mesinos", the (non-supersymmetric) fermionic partners of the mesons, are nearly isospectral with mesons and have an unsuppressed mesino-meson interaction, both being in contradiction with actual QCD. We solve this problem in a UV-complete (and $different$) type IIA string dual $atintermediatecoupling$ of realistic thermal QCD, in which the mesinos are shown to be much heavier than and non-interacting with mesons (the wave-function/mass/interaction terms receiving no $\mathcal{M}$-theory $\mathcal{O}(R^4)$ corrections). In particular we derive a large-$N$ enhancement of the KK mass scale $M_{KK}$ (from $M_{KK}$ to $M_{KK}^{\mathrm{eff}}\sim N^{1+\frac{1}{\mathcal{O}(1)}}{M}_{KK}$) arising from the construction of the type IIA mirror \cite{MQGP} of the type IIB dual \cite{metrics} of thermal QCD-like theories, as well as the generation of a one-parameter family of $M_{KK}$-independent mass scale at $\mathcal{O}(R^4)$ in the $\mathcal{M}$-theory uplift \cite{OR4} wherein the parameter can be made appropriately large. We also show that the mesino-mesino-single-($\rho /\pi$)meson interactions, vanish identically in the aforementioned type IIA holographic dual.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phPRD(2023)·5 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.