Wed·Jul 12, 2023Wednesday·July 12, 2023

1. 01*

   On the Dynamical Origin of the ${\eta }^{\prime }$ Potential and the Axion Mass

   Csaba Csáki🇺🇸 · Raffaele Tito D'Agnolo🇫🇷 · Rick S. Gupta🇮🇳 · Eric Kuflik🇮🇱 · Tuhin S. Roy🇮🇳 · Maximilian Ruhdorfer🇺🇸

   We investigate the dynamics responsible for generating the potential of the ${\eta }^{\prime }$, the (would-be) Goldstone boson associated with the anomalous axial $U(1)$ symmetry of QCD. The standard lore posits that pure QCD dynamics generates a confining potential with a branched structure as a function of the $\theta$ angle, and that this same potential largely determines the properties of the ${\eta }^{\prime }$ once fermions are included. Here we test this picture by examining a supersymmetric extension of QCD with a small amount of supersymmetry breaking generated via anomaly mediation. For pure $SU(N)$ QCD without flavors, we verify that there are $N$ branches generated by gaugino condensation. Once quarks are introduced, the flavor effects qualitatively change the strong dynamics of the pure theory. For $F$ flavors we find $|N-F|$ branches, whose dynamical origin is gaugino condensation in the unbroken subgroup for $F<N-1$, and in the dual gauge group for $F>N+1$. For the special cases of $F=N-1,N,N+1$ we find no branches and the entire potential is consistent with being a one-instanton effect. The number of branches is a simple consequence of the selection rules of an anomalous $U(1{)}_R$ symmetry. We find that the ${\eta }^{\prime }$ mass does not vanish in the large $N$ limit for fixed $F/N$, since the anomaly is non-vanishing. The same dynamics that is responsible for the ${\eta }^{\prime }$ potential is also responsible for the axion potential. We present a simple derivation of the axion mass formula for an arbitrary number of flavors.

   hep-phhep-thJHEP(2023)·20 citations
2. 02*

   Single-Inclusive Particle Production from $pA$ Collision at Next-to-Leading Order

   Heikki Mäntysaari🇫🇮 · Yossathorn Tawabutr🇫🇮

   We present the first fully consistent NLO calculation of the single-inclusive forward hadron production in proton-nucleus (pA) collisions under the color glass condensate (CGC) framework. In the dilute-dense limit, the NLO cross-section can be written as a convolution of the NLO impact factor, NLO parton distribution function (PDF), NLO fragmentation function (FF) and dipole-target scattering amplitude which satisfies the NLO small-$x$ Balitsky-Kovchegov (BK) evolution. We demonstrate that, without the NLO corrections to the impact factor, we obtain a significant Cronin peak when the dipole amplitude satisfies the NLO BK equation. This would contradict the recent LHCb results. However, the Cronin peak becomes suppressed when the NLO correction to the impact factor is included. This is the main result of this work. The dependence on resummation schemes for the NLO BK evolution will also be discussed.

   hep-phnucl-exnucl-th0 citations
3. 03*

   Dynamical scoto-seesaw mechanism with gauged $B-L$

   Julio Leite🇪🇸 · Soumya Sadhukhan🇮🇳 · José W. F. Valle🇪🇸

   We propose a dynamical scoto-seesaw mechanism using a gauged $B-L$ symmetry. Dark matter is reconciled with neutrino mass generation, in such a way that the atmospheric scale arises \textit{a la seesaw}, while the solar scale is \textit{scotogenic}, arising radiatively from the exchange of ``dark'' states. This way we ``explain'' the solar-to-atmospheric scale ratio. The TeV-scale seesaw mediator and the two dark fermions carry different $B-L$ charges. Dark matter stability follows from the residual matter parity that survives $B-L$ breaking. Besides having collider tests, the model implies sizeable charged lepton flavour violating (cLFV) phenomena, including Goldstone boson emission processes.

   hep-phPRD(2024)·19 citations
4. 04*

   Emerging jet probes of strongly interacting dark sectors

   Juliana Carrasco🇪🇸 · José Zurita🇪🇸

   A strongly interacting dark sector can give rise to a class of signatures dubbed dark showers, where in analogy to the strong sector in the Standard Model, the dark sector undergoes its own showering and hadronization, before decaying into Standard Model final states. When the typical decay lengths of the dark sector mesons are larger than a few centimeters (and no larger than a few meters) they give rise to the striking signature of emerging jets, characterized by a large multiplicity of displaced vertices. In this article we consider the general reinterpretation of the CMS search for emerging jets plus prompt jets into arbitrary new physics scenarios giving rise to emerging jets. More concretely, we consider the cases where the SM Higgs mediates between the dark sector and the SM, for several benchmark decay scenarios. Our procedure is validated employing the same model than the CMS emerging jet search. We find that emerging jets can be the leading probe in regions of parameter space, in particular when considering the so-called gluon-portal and dark photon-portal decay benchmarks. With the current 16.1 fb${}^{-1}$ of luminosity this search can exclude down to $\mathcal{O}(20)\%$ exotic branching ratio of the SM Higgs, but a naive extrapolation to the 139 fb${}^{-1}$ luminosity employed in the current model-independent, indirect bound of 16% would probe exotic branching ratios into dark quarks down to below 10%. Further extrapolating these results to the HL-LHC, we find that one can pin down exotic branching ratio values of 1%, which is below the HL-LHC expectations of 2.5$-$4%. We make our recasting code publicly available, as part of the LLP Recasting Repository.

   hep-phJHEP(2024)·18 citations
5. 05*

   $\text{AlgRel.wl}$: Algebraic Relations for the Product of Propagators in Feynman integrals

   B.Ananthanarayan🇮🇳 · Souvik Bera🇮🇳 · Tanay Pathak🇮🇳

   Motivated by the foundational work of Tarasov, who pointed out that the algebraic relations of the type considered here can lead to functional reduction of Feynman integrals, we suitably modify the original method to be able to implement and automatize it and present a $\text{Mathematica}$ package $\text{AlgRel.wl}$. The purpose of this package is to help derive the algebraic relations with arbitrary kinematic quantities, for the product of propagators. Under specific choices of the arbitrary parameters that appear in these relations, we can write the original integral with all massive propagators in general, as a sum of integrals which have fewer massive propagators. The resulting integrals are of reduced complexity for computational purposes. For the one-loop cases, with all different and non-zero masses, this would result in integrals with one massive propagator. We also devise a strategy so that the method can also be applied to higher-loop integrals. We demonstrate the procedure and the results obtained using the package for various one-loop and higher-loop examples. Due to the fact that the Feynman integrals are intimately related to the hypergeometric functions, a useful consequence of these algebraic relations is in deriving the sets of non-trivial reduction formulae. We present various such reduction formulae and further discuss how, more such formulae can be obtained than described here. The $\text{AlgRel.wl}$ package and an example notebook $\text{Examples.nb}$ can be found at https://github.com/TanayPathak-17/Algebraic-relation-for-the-product-of-propagators

   hep-phhep-thmath-phmath.MPNPB(2023)·7 citations
6. 06*

   Bragg-Primakoff Axion Photoconversion in Crystal Detectors

   James B. Dent🇺🇸 · Bhaskar Dutta🇺🇸 · Adrian Thompson🇺🇸

   Axions and axion-like pseudoscalar particles with dimension-5 couplings to photons exhibit coherent Primakoff scattering with ordered crystals at keV energy scales, making for a natural detection technique in searches for solar axions. We find that there are large suppressive corrections, potentially greater than a factor of $\mathcal{O}(10^3)$, to the coherent enhancement when taking into account absorption of the final state photon. This effect has already been accounted for in light-shining-through-wall experiments through the language of Darwin classical diffraction, but is missing from the literature in the context of solar axion searches that use a matrix element approach. We extend the treatment of the event rate with a heuristic description of absorption effects to bridge the gap between these two languages. Furthermore, we explore the Borrmann effect of anomalous absorption in lifting some of the event rate suppression by increasing the coherence length of the conversion. We study this phenomenon in Ge, NaI, and CsI crystal experiments and its impact on the the projected sensitivities of SuperCDMS, LEGEND, and SABRE to the solar axion parameter space. Lastly, we comment on the reach of multi-tonne scale crystal detectors and strategies to maximize the discovery potential of experimental efforts in this vein.

   hep-phJHEP(2024)·3 citations
7. 07*

   New limits on $W_R$ from meson decays

   Gustavo F. S. Alves🇧🇷 · Chee Sheng Fong🇧🇷 · Luighi P. S. Leal🇧🇷 · Renata Zukanovich Funchal🇧🇷

   In this letter we show that pseudoscalar meson leptonic decay data can be used to set stringent limits on the mass $m_{W_R}$ of a right-handed vector boson, such as the one that appears in left-right symmetric models. We have shown that for a heavy neutrino with a mass $m_N$ in the range $50<m_N/\mathrm{MeV}<1900$ one can constraint $m_{W_R}\lesssim (4-19)$ TeV at 90 % CL. This provides the most stringent experimental limits on the $W_R$ mass to date.

   hep-phhep-exPRL(2024)·12 citations
8. 08*

   Quarkonia pair production as a tool for study of gluon GPDs

   Marat Siddikov🇨🇱 · Ivan Schmidt🇨🇱

   In these proceedings we present our results on the exclusive photoproduction of $J/\psi {\eta }_c$ pairs in the collinear factorization framework. We argue that the process might be used as a complementary channel for studying the generalized parton distributions (GPDs) of gluons. We provide numerical estimates for the cross-section in the kinematics of the future Electron Ion Collider.

   hep-phhep-ex0 citations
9. 09*

   Masses and radiative decay widths of S- and P-wave singly-, doubly- and triply-heavy charm and bottom baryons

   Emmanuel Ortiz-Pacheco🇸🇮 · Roelof Bijker🇲🇽

   We present a study of mass spectra and electromagnetic couplings of S- and P-wave baryons containing one, two or three heavy quarks, either charm (c) or bottom (b), in the framework of a non-relativistic harmonic oscillator quark model. A simultaneous fit to 41 known masses of heavy baryons (40 singly-heavy and 1 doubly-heavy) shows a r.m.s. deviation of 19 MeV. We present equal-spacing mass rules for excited baryons which may help to assign quantum numbers to experimentally observed heavy baryons. Explicit expressions are derived for electromagnetic couplings, both for spin-flavor matrix elements and radial integrals.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-thPRD(2023)·63 citations
10. 10*

    Anomalies in Weak Decays of Hadrons Containing a b Quark

    Aidos Issadykov🇷🇺 · Mikhail A. Ivanov🇷🇺

    A brief review of the current state of observed deviations of theoretical predictions from experimental data in semileptonic decays of $B$ and $B_c$ mesons is given. A theoretical analysis of these decays is carried out, taking into account the effects of new physics, which appear due to the introduction of new four-fermion operators, which are absent in the basis of the Standard Model (SM) operators. The necessary form factors are calculated within the framework of the covariant quark model developed in our papers.

    hep-phPhys.Part.Nucl.Lett.(2023)·1 citation
11. 11*

    ${\Lambda }_c$ semileptonic decays

    Sheng-Qi Zhang🇨🇳 · Cong-Feng Qiao🇨🇳

    Motivated by the recent experimental progress in the ${\Lambda }_c$ decay that contains a neutron in the final state, we analyze the semileptonic decay ${\Lambda }_c\to n\ell {\nu }_{\ell }$ in the framework of QCD sum rules. The transition form factors are analytically computed using three-point correlation functions and the Cutkosky cutting rules, which can be extrapolated into the physical region by employing the $z$-series parametrization. The branching fractions of ${\Lambda }_c\to n{e}^{+}{\nu }_e$ and ${\Lambda }_c\to n{\mu }^{+}{\nu }_{\mu }$ are estimated to be $(0.281\pm 0.056)\%$ and $(0.275\pm 0.055)\%$, respectively. Furthermore, we calculate as well the relevant decay asymmetry observables sensitive to new physics beyond the standard model. The numerical results of semileptonic decays ${\Lambda }_c\to \Lambda \ell {\nu }_{\ell }$ are also given and confronted to the latest experimental data.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·27 citations
12. 12*

    $B_c^{\ast }$ meson parameters and radiative decay width within the covariant confined quark model

    Aidos Issadykov🇰🇿 · Sayabek K. Sakhiyev🇰🇿

    In this work we tried to predict the parameters of $B_c^{\ast }$ meson. Simple assumptions gave us following parametres $m_{B_c^{\ast }}=6329\pm 10$ MeV and $f_{B_c^{\ast }}=535.5\pm 57.8$ MeV (for ${\Lambda }_{B_c^{\ast }}=2.26\pm 0.14$ GeV in covariant confined quark model). We calculated widths of radiative decays of $B_q^{\ast }$ mesons, where $q=u/d,s,c$ and compared them with other theoretical works. It was shown that the width of the $B_c^{\ast }$ meson very sensitive to the mass $m_{B_c^{\ast }}$ as expected and less to the size parameter ${\Lambda }_{B_c^{\ast }}$.

    hep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.A(2023)·5 citations
13. 13*

    Magnetic and quadrupole moments of the $Z_c(4020{)}^{+}$, $Z_c(4050{)}^{+}$, and $Z_c(4600{)}^{+}$ states in the diquark-antidiquark picture

    U. Özdem🇹🇷

    The magnetic and quadrupole moments of the $Z_c(4020{)}^{+}$, $Z_c(4050{)}^{+}$ and $Z_c(4600{)}^{+}$ states are calculated within the QCD light-cone sum rules. The compact diquark-antidiquark interpolating currents and the distribution amplitudes of the on-shell photon are used to extract the magnetic and quadrupole moments of these states. The magnetic moments are acquired as ${\mu }_{Z_c}=0.50_{-0.22}^{+0.22}{\mu }_N$, ${\mu }_{Z_c^1}=1.22_{-0.32}^{+0.34}{\mu }_N$, and ${\mu }_{Z_c^2}=2.40_{-0.48}^{+0.53}{\mu }_N$ for the $Z_c(4020{)}^{+}$, $Z_c(4050{)}^{+}$ and $Z_c(4600{)}^{+}$ states, respectively. The magnetic moments evaluated for the $Z_{c}4020{)}^{+}$, $Z_c(4050{)}^{+}$ and $Z_c(4600{)}^{+}$ states are sufficiently large to be experimentally measurable. The magnetic moment is an excellent platform for studying the internal structure of hadrons governed by the quark-gluon dynamics of QCD because it is the leading-order response of a bound system to a weak external magnetic field. The quadrupole moment results are ${\mathcal{D}}_{Z_c}=(0.20_{-0.04}^{+0.05})\times 10^{-3}\text{mbox}{fm}^2$, ${\mathcal{D}}_{Z_c^1}=(0.57_{-0.08}^{+0.07})\times 10^{-3}\text{mbox}{fm}^2$, and ${\mathcal{D}}_{Z_c^2}=(0.30_{-0.04}^{+0.05})\times 10^{-3}\text{mbox}{fm}^2$ for the $Z_c(4020{)}^{+}$, $Z_c(4050{)}^{+}$ and $Z_c(4600{)}^{+}$ states, respectively. We obtain a non-zero, but small, value for the quadrupole moments of the $Z_c$ states, which indicates a non-spherical charge distribution. The nature and internal structure of these states can be elucidated by comparing future experimental data on the magnetic and quadrupole moments of the $Z_c(4020{)}^{+}$, $Z_c(4050{)}^{+}$, and $Z_c(4600{)}^{+}$ states with the results of the present study.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latCPC(2024)·7 citations
14. 14*

    The strong vertices of bottom mesons $B$, $B^{\ast }$ and bottomonia ${\rm Y}$, ${\eta }_b$

    Jie Lu🇨🇳 · Guo-Liang Yu🇨🇳 · Zhi-Gang Wang🇨🇳 · Bin Wu🇨🇳

    In this article, the strong coupling constants of vertices $BB{\rm Y}$, $B{B}^{\ast }{\rm Y}$, $B^{\ast }{B}^{\ast }{\rm Y}$, $B{B}^{\ast }{\eta }_b$ and $B^{\ast }{B}^{\ast }{\eta }_b$ are analyzed in the framework of QCD sum rules. In this work, all possible off-shell cases and the contributions of vacuum condensate terms including $⟨\overline{q}q⟩$, $⟨\overline{q}{g}_s\sigma Gq⟩$, $⟨g_s^2{G}^2⟩$, $⟨f^3{G}^3⟩$ and $⟨\overline{q}q⟩⟨g_s^2{G}^2⟩$ are considered. The momentum dependent strong coupling constants are first calculated and then are fitted into analytical functions $g(Q^2)$ which are used to extrapolate into time-like regions to obtain the final values of strong coupling constants. The final results are $g_{BB{\rm Y}}=40.67_{-4.20}^{+7.55}$, $g_{B{B}^{\ast }{\rm Y}}=11.58_{-1.09}^{+2.19}$ GeV${}^{-1}$, $g_{B^{\ast }{B}^{\ast }{\rm Y}}=57.02_{-5.31}^{+5.32}$, $g_{B{B}^{\ast }{\eta }_b}=23.39_{-2.30}^{+4.74}$ and $g_{B^{\ast }{B}^{\ast }{\eta }_b}=12.49_{-1.35}^{+2.12}$ GeV${}^{-1}$. These strong coupling constants are important input parameters which reflect the dynamic properties of the interactions among the mesons and quarkonia.

    hep-phCPC(2024)·6 citations
15. 15*

    Measuring the Sterile Neutrino Mass in Spallation Source and Direct Detection Experiments

    David Alonso-González🇪🇸 · Dorian W. P. Amaral🇺🇸 · Adriana Bariego-Quintana🇪🇸 · David Cerdeno🇪🇸 · Martín de los Rios🇪🇸

    We explore the complementarity of direct detection (DD) and spallation source (SS) experiments for the study of sterile neutrino physics. We focus on the sterile baryonic neutrino model: an extension of the Standard Model that introduces a massive sterile neutrino with couplings to the quark sector via a new gauge boson. In this scenario, the inelastic scattering of an active neutrino with the target material in both DD and SS experiments gives rise to a characteristic nuclear recoil energy spectrum that can allow for the reconstruction of the neutrino mass in the event of a positive detection. We first derive new bounds on this model based on the data from the COHERENT collaboration on CsI and LAr targets, which we find do not yet probe new areas of the parameter space. We then assess how well future SS experiments will be able to measure the sterile neutrino mass and mixings, showing that masses in the range 15-50 MeV can be reconstructed. We show that there is a degeneracy in the measurement of the sterile neutrino mixing that substantially affects the reconstruction of parameters for masses of the order of 40 MeV. Thanks to their lower energy threshold and sensitivity to the solar tau neutrino flux, DD experiments allow us to partially lift the degeneracy in the sterile neutrino mixings and considerably improve its mass reconstruction down to 9 MeV. Our results demonstrate the excellent complementarity between DD and SS experiments in measuring the sterile neutrino mass and highlight the power of DD experiments in searching for new physics in the neutrino sector.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2023)·10 citations
16. 16*

    Decorrelation using Optimal Transport

    Malte Algren🇨🇭 · John Andrew Raine🇨🇭 · Tobias Golling🇨🇭

    Being able to decorrelate a feature space from protected attributes is an area of active research and study in ethics, fairness, and also natural sciences. We introduce a novel decorrelation method using Convex Neural Optimal Transport Solvers (Cnots) that is able to decorrelate a continuous feature space against protected attributes with optimal transport. We demonstrate how well it performs in the context of jet classification in high energy physics, where classifier scores are desired to be decorrelated from the mass of a jet. The decorrelation achieved in binary classification approaches the levels achieved by the state-of-the-art using conditional normalising flows. When moving to multiclass outputs the optimal transport approach performs significantly better than the state-of-the-art, suggesting substantial gains at decorrelating multidimensional feature spaces.

    hep-phcs.LGhep-exEPJC(2024)·10 citations
17. 17*

    Pulsar kicks in ultralight dark matter background induced by neutrino oscillation

    Gaetano Lambiase🇮🇹 · Tanmay Kumar Poddar🇮🇹

    The interaction of neutrinos with ultralight scalar and vector dark matter backgrounds induce a modification of the neutrino dispersion relation. The effects of this modification are reviewed in the framework of asymmetric emission of neutrinos from the supernova core, and, in turn, of pulsar kicks. We consider the neutrino oscillations, focusing in particular to active-sterile conversion. The ultralight dark matter induced neutrino dispersion relation contains a term of the form $\delta \mathbf{\Omega }\cdot \hat{\mathbf{p}}$, where $\delta \mathbf{\Omega }$ is related to the ultralight dark matter field and $\hat{\mathbf{p}}$ is the unit vector along the direction of neutrino momentum. The relative orientation of $\mathbf{p}$ with respect to $\delta \mathbf{\Omega }$ affects the mechanism for the generation of the observed pulsar velocities. We obtain the resonance condition for the active-sterile neutrino oscillation in ultralight dark matter background and calculate the star parameters in the resonance surface so that both ultralight scalar and vector dark matter backgrounds can explain the observed pulsar kicks. The asymmetric emission of neutrinos in presence of ultralight dark matter background results gravitational memory signal which can be probed from the future gravitational wave detectors such as adLIGO (advanced LIGO), adVIRGO (advanced VIRGO), DECIGO (DECi-hertz Interferometer Gravitational wave Observatory), BBO (Big Bang Observer), and ET (Einstein Telescope). We also establish a relation between the ultralight dark matter parameters and the Lorentz and CPT invariance violation parameters.

    hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qcJCAP(2024)·15 citations
18. 18*

    Single Transverse Spin Asymmetry as a New Probe of SMEFT Dipole Operators

    Xin-Kai Wen🇨🇳 · Bin Yan🇨🇳 · Zhite Yu🇺🇸 · C.-P. Yuan🇺🇸

    Electroweak dipole operators in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) are important indirect probes of quantum effects of new physics beyond the Standard Model (SM), yet they remain poorly constrained by current experimental analyses for lack of interference with the SM amplitudes in constructing cross section observables. In this Letter, we point out that dipole operators flip fermion helicities so are ideally studied through single transverse spin asymmetries. We illustrate this at a future electron-positron collider with transversely polarized beams, where such effect exhibits as azimuthal $\cos \varphi$ and $\sin \varphi$ distributions which originate from the interference of the electron dipole operators with the SM and are linearly dependent on their Wilson coefficients. This new method can improve the current constraints on the electron dipole couplings by one to two orders of magnitude, without depending on other new physics operators, and can also simultaneously constrain both their real and imaginary parts, offering a new opportunity for probing potential $CP$-violating effects.

    hep-phhep-exPRL(2023)·26 citations
19. 19*

    Heavy-flavor hadronization mechanism from pp to AA collisions: a theoretical perspective

    Andrea Beraudo🇮🇹

    The interest in studying heavy-flavor hadronization in high-energy nuclear collisions is twofold. On one hand hadronization represents a source of systematic uncertainties in phenomenological attempts of extracting heavy-flavor transport coefficients in the Quark Gluon Plasma which one assumes to be produced in the collision. Hence, developing the most possible reliable model for this process is important to get a precise and accurate estimate of a fundamental property of hot QCD. On the other hand studying how hadronization changes in the presence of a dense medium of colored partons can be considered an issue of interest by itself. In particular, the observation of modifications of heavy-flavor hadronization in proton-proton collisions strongly suggests that also in this case a small droplet of Quark-Gluon Plasma can be formed. Here we try to provide a general overview on heavy-flavor hadronization, from pp to AA collisions, stressing the aspects and challenges common to all mechanisms proposed in the literature. Then, focusing on a particular model, we show how a consistent description of several observables involving heavy-flavor hadrons can be obtained

    hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPoS(2024)·2 citations
20. 20*

    Correlating the CDF $W$-mass shift with the muon $g-2$ and the $b\to s{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ transitions

    Xin-Qiang Li🇨🇳 · Ze-Jun Xie🇨🇳 · Ya-Dong Yang🇨🇳 · Xing-Bo Yuan🇨🇳

    Motivated by the latest CDF $W$-mass measurement as well as the muon $g-2$ anomaly and the discrepancies observed in $b\to s{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ transitions, we propose an extension of the Standard Model (SM) with the $SU(2{)}_L$-singlet vector-like fermion partners that are featured by additional $U(1{)}^{\prime }$ gauge symmetry. The fermion partners have the same SM quantum numbers as of the right-handed SM fermions, and can therefore mix with the latter after the electroweak and the $U(1{)}^{\prime }$ symmetry breaking. As a result, desirable loop-level corrections to the $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$, the $W$-boson mass $m_W$ and the Wilson coefficient $C_9$ in $b\to s{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ transitions can be obtained. The final allowed parameter space is also consistent with the constraints from the $Z\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ decay, the neutrino trident production and the LHC direct searches for the vector-like quarks and leptons.

    hep-phNPB(2024)·7 citations
21. 21*

    Recent results from the CMS Proton Precision Spectrometer

    C. Royon🇺🇸

    The Precision Proton Spectrometer (PPS) is a new subdetector of CMS that provides a powerful tool for the advancement of beyond standard model searches. We present recent results obtained with the PPS subdetector illustrating the unique sensitivity achieved using proton tagging.

    hep-ph1 citation
22. 22*

    Jet separated by a large rapidity gap at the Tevatron and the LHC

    C. Royon🇺🇸

    We compare the recent measurements of gap between jets at the Tevatron and the LHC with the Balitski Fadin Kuraev Lipatov framework. While a good agreement is obtained with Tevatron data, some discrepancies especially for the rapidity separation between jets are found that can be explained by an excess of initial state radiation in PYTHIA.

    hep-phhep-ex0 citations
23. 23*

    Scalar NSI: A unique tool for constraining absolute neutrino masses via $\nu$-oscillations

    Abinash Medhi🇮🇳 · Arnab Sarker🇮🇳 · Moon Moon Devi🇮🇳

    In the standard interaction scenario, a direct measurement of absolute neutrino masses via neutrino oscillations is not feasible, as the oscillations depend only on the mass-squared differences. However, scalar non-standard interactions (SNSI) can introduce sub-dominant terms in the neutrino oscillation Hamiltonian that can directly affect the neutrino mass matrix, thereby making SNSI a unique tool for neutrino mass measurements. In this work, for the first time, we constrain the absolute masses of neutrinos by probing SNSI. We have explored the constraints on the lightest neutrino mass with different choices of ${\delta }_{CP}$ and ${\theta }_{23}$ for both neutrino mass hierarchies. We show that a bound on the neutrino mass can be induced in the presence of SNSI at DUNE. We find that the lightest neutrino mass can be constrained with ${\eta }_{\tau \tau }$ for normal mass hierarchy irrespective of the octant of ${\theta }_{23}$ and the value of the CP phase ${\delta }_{CP}$. This study suggests that SNSI can serve as an interesting avenue to constrain the absolute neutrino masses in long-baseline neutrino experiments via neutrino oscillations.

    hep-phhep-exEPJC(2025)·16 citations
24. 24*

    $B^{+}$ decay to $K^{+}\eta \eta$ with ($\eta \eta$) from the $D\bar{D}(3720)$ bound state

    Pedro C. S. Brandão🇧🇷 · Jing Song🇨🇳 · Luciano M. Abreu🇧🇷 · E.Oset🇪🇸

    We search for a $B$ decay mode where one can find a peak for a $D\bar{D}$ bound state predicted in effective theories and in Lattice QCD calculations, which has also been claimed from some reactions that show an accumulated strength in $D\bar{D}$ production at threshold. We find a good candidate in the $B^{+}\to K^{+}\eta \eta$ reaction, by looking at the $\eta \eta$ mass distribution. The reaction proceeds via a first step in which one has the $B^{+}\to D_s^{\ast +}{\bar{D}}^0$ reaction followed by $D_s^{\ast +}$ decay to $D^0{K}^{+}$ and a posterior fusion of $D^0{\bar{D}}^0$ to $\eta \eta$, implemented trough a triangle diagram that allows the $D^0{\bar{D}}^0$ to be virtual and produce the bound state. The choice of $\eta \eta$ to see the peak is based on results of calculations that find the $\eta \eta$ among the light pseudoscalar channels with stronger coupling to the $D\bar{D}$ bound state. We find a neat peak around the predicted mass of that state in the $\eta \eta$ mass distribution, with an integrated branching ratio for $B^{+}\to K^{+}$ ($D\bar{D}$, bound) ; ($D\bar{D}$, bound) $\to \eta \eta$ of the order of $1.5\times 10^{-4}$, a large number for hadronic $B$ decays, which should motivate its experimental search.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·11 citations
25. 25*

    Solving the strong CP problem by a $\bar{\theta }$-characterized mirror symmetry

    Pei-Hong Gu🇨🇳

    In the standard model QCD Lagrangian, a term of CP violating gluon density is theoretically expected to have a physical coefficient $\bar{\theta }$ of the order of unity. However, the upper bound on the electric dipole moment of neutron enforces the value of $\bar{\theta }$ to be extremely small. Such a huge gap between theoretical expectation and experimental result is commonly known as the strong CP problem. To solve this puzzle in an appealing context of two Higgs doublets, we propose an economical $\bar{\theta }$-characterized mirror symmetry between two Higgs singlets with respective discrete symmetries. In our scenario, the parameter $\bar{\theta }$ can completely disappear from the full Lagrangian after the standard model fermions take a proper phase rotation as well as the Higgs doublets and singlets. Moreover, all of new physics for solving the strong CP problem can be allowed near the TeV scale.

    hep-phCPC(2024)·0 citations
26. 26*

    Axions and Cosmic Magnetic Fields

    George B. Field🇺🇸 · Sean M. Carroll🇺🇸

    We argue that if axions are the dark matter, their coupling to electromagnetism results in exponential growth of a helical magnetic field when the axion field first rolls down its potential. After an inverse cascade, the relevant length scales to day are of order 10-100 kpc, of astrophysical interest. Our mechanism for allowing the field to grow relies on a nuance of MHD. Faraday's Law says that an electric field is needed to create a magnetic field. Previous authors relied on conventional Ohm's law to calculate E, but the resistivity is negligible and therefore they assume E is as well. We use a modified Ohm's Law that includes the effects of self-induction in limiting the current driven by a given E, which allows a magnetic field to grow.

    hep-phastro-ph.CO2 citations
27. 27*

    Bulk-to-boundary propagators with arbitrary total angular momentum $J$ in soft-wall AdS/QCD

    Valery E. Lyubovitskij🇩🇪 · Ivan Schmidt🇨🇱

    We derive the equations of motion for the bulk-to-boundary propagators of the anti-de Sitter (AdS) boson and fermion fields with arbitrary total angular momentum $J$, in a soft-wall AdS/QCD model and solve it analytically. It provides the opportunity to study transition form factors induced by these bulk-to-boundary propagators, both for on-shell and off-shell hadrons. This is a continuation of our study of hadron form factors induced by the bulk-to-boundary propagator with total angular momentum $J=1$ (e.g., electromagnetic form factors of mesons, nucleons, and nucleon resonances).

    hep-phPRD(2023)·1 citation
28. 28*

    Practical Dirac Majorana confusion theorem: Issues and Applicability

    C. S. Kim🇰🇷

    We inspect the model-independent study of practical Dirac Majorana confusion theorem (pDMCT) -- a wide spread belief that the difference between Dirac and Majorana neutrinos via any kinematical observable would be practically impossible to determine because of the difference only being proportional to the square of neutrino mass -- in context of processes that have at least a neutrino antineutrino pair in their final state. We scrutinize the domain of applicability of pDMCT and also highlight those aspects that are often misunderstood. We try to clarify some of the frequently used concepts that are used to assert pDMCT as a generic feature irrespective of the process, or observable, such as the existence of any analytic continuity between Dirac and Majorana neutrinos in the limit mass(neutrino) -> 0. In summary, we illustrate that pDMCT is not any fundamental property of neutrinos, instead, it is a phenomenological feature of neutrino non-observation, depending on models and processes.

    hep-phhep-exhep-thnucl-thEPJC(2023)·8 citations
29. 29*

    The Tunneling Potential Approach to Q-Balls

    José Ramon Espinosa🇪🇸 · Julian Heeck🇺🇸 · Mikheil Sokhashvili🇺🇸

    Q-balls are bound-state configurations of complex scalars stabilized by a conserved Noether charge Q. They are solutions to a second-order differential equation that is structurally identical to Euclidean vacuum-decay bounce solutions in three dimensions. This enables us to translate the recent tunneling potential approach to Q-balls, which amounts to a reformulation of the problem that can simplify the task of finding approximate and even exact Q-ball solutions.

    hep-phhep-thPRD(2023)·6 citations
30. 30*

    Accelerated Discovery of Machine-Learned Symmetries: Deriving the Exceptional Lie Groups G2, F4 and E6

    Roy T. Forestano🇺🇸 · Konstantin T. Matchev🇺🇸 · Katia Matcheva🇺🇸 · Alexander Roman🇺🇸 · Eyup B. Unlu🇺🇸 · Sarunas Verner🇺🇸

    Recent work has applied supervised deep learning to derive continuous symmetry transformations that preserve the data labels and to obtain the corresponding algebras of symmetry generators. This letter introduces two improved algorithms that significantly speed up the discovery of these symmetry transformations. The new methods are demonstrated by deriving the complete set of generators for the unitary groups U(n) and the exceptional Lie groups $G_2$, $F_4$, and $E_6$. A third post-processing algorithm renders the found generators in sparse form. We benchmark the performance improvement of the new algorithms relative to the standard approach. Given the significant complexity of the exceptional Lie groups, our results demonstrate that this machine-learning method for discovering symmetries is completely general and can be applied to a wide variety of labeled datasets.

    ↳ hep-thcs.LGhep-phmath-ph+2PLB(2023)·9 citations
31. 31*

    Peeking into the next decade in Large-Scale Structure Cosmology with its Effective Field Theory

    Diogo Bragança🇺🇸 · Yaniv Donath🇬🇧 · Leonardo Senatore🇨🇭 · Henry Zheng🇺🇸

    After the successful full-shape analyses of BOSS data using the Effective Field Theory of Large-Scale Structure, we investigate what upcoming galaxy surveys might achieve. We introduce a ``perturbativity prior" that ensures that loop terms are as large as theoretically expected, which is effective in the case of a large number of EFT parameters. After validating our technique by comparison with already-performed analyses of BOSS data, we provide Fisher forecasts using the one-loop prediction for power spectrum and bispectrum for two benchmark surveys: DESI and MegaMapper. We find overall great improvements on the cosmological parameters. In particular, we find that MegaMapper (DESI) should obtain at least a 12$\sigma$ ($2\sigma$) evidence for non-vanishing neutrino masses, bound the curvature ${\Omega }_k$ to 0.0012 (0.012), and primordial inflationary non-Gaussianities as follows: $f_{\text{NL}}^{\text{loc.}}$ to $\pm 0.26$ (3.3), $f_{\text{NL}}^{\text{eq.}}$ to $\pm 16$ (92), $f_{\text{NL}}^{\text{orth.}}$ to $\pm 4.2$ (27). Such measurements would provide much insight on the theory of Inflation. We investigate the limiting factor of shot noise and ignorance of the EFT parameters.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phhep-thJCAP(2025)·32 citations
32. 32*

    Neutron star equation of state: identifying hadronic matter characteristics

    Constança Providência🇵🇹 · Tuhin Malik🇵🇹 · Milena Bastos Albino🇵🇹 · Márcio Ferreira🇵🇹

    The general behavior of the nuclear equation of state (EOS), relevant for the description of neutron stars (NS), is studied within a relativistic mean field description of nuclear matter. Different formulations, both with density dependent couplings and with non-linear mesonic terms, are considered and their predictions compared and discussed. A special attention is drawn to the effect on the neutron star properties of the inclusion of exotic degrees of freedom as hyperons. Properties such as the speed of sound, the trace anomaly, the proton fraction and the onset of direct Urca processes inside neutron stars are discussed. The knowledge of the general behavior of the hadronic equation of state and the implication it has on the neutron star properties will allow to identify signatures of a deconfinement phase transition discussed in other studies.

    ↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEhep-phChapter "Relativistic Description of the …·25 citations
33. 33*

    Signatures of Ultralight Bosons in Compact Binary Inspiral and Outspiral

    Yan Cao🇨🇳 · Yong Tang🇨🇳

    Ultralight bosons are well-motivated particles from various physical and cosmological theories, and can be spontaneously produced during the superradiant process, forming a dense hydrogen-like cloud around the spinning black hole. After the growth saturates, the cloud slowly depletes its mass through gravitational-wave emission. In this work we study the orbit dynamics of a binary system containing such a gravitational atom saturated in various spin-0,1,2 superradiant states, taking into account both the effects of dynamical friction and the cloud mass depletion. We estimate the significance of mass depletion, finding that although dynamical friction could dominate the inspiral phase, it typically does not affect the outspiral phase driven by the mass depletion. Focusing on the large orbit radius, we investigate the condition to observe the outspiral, and the detectability of the cloud via pulsar-timing signal in the case of black hole-pulsar binary.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phPRD(2023)·33 citations
34. 34*

    Jet substructure measurements in CMS

    C. Royon🇺🇸

    Various recent measurements from the CMS collaboration related to the study of hadronic jets substructure in proton collisions at 13 TeV with the CMS experiment are presented, namely the generalized angular studies in dijet and $Z+$jet events and the measurement of the primary Lund jet plane density.

    ↳ hep-exhep-ph0 citations
35. 35*

    New Measurements of ${}^{71}$Ge Decay: Impact on the Gallium Anomaly

    J.I. Collar🇺🇸 · S.G. Yoon🇺🇸

    A dedicated high-statistics measurement of the ${}^{71}$Ge half-life is found to be in accurate agreement with an accepted value of 11.43$\pm$0.03 d, eliminating a recently proposed route to bypass the "gallium anomaly" affecting several neutrino experiments. Our data also severely constrain the possibility of ${}^{71}$Ge decay to low-energy excited levels of the ${}^{71}$Ga daughter nucleus as a solution to this puzzle. Additional unpublished measurements of this decay are discussed. Following the incorporation of this new information, the gallium anomaly survives with high statistical significance.

    ↳ nucl-exhep-exhep-phnucl-thPRC(2023)·13 citations
36. 36*

    Thermal phonon fluctuations and stability of the magnetic dual chiral density wave phase in dense QCD

    E. J Ferrer🇺🇸 · W. Gyory🇺🇸 · V. de la Incera🇺🇸

    We study the stability against thermal phonon fluctuations of the magnetic dual chiral density wave (MDCDW) phase, an inhomogeneous phase arising in cold dense QCD in a magnetic field. Following a recent study that demonstrated the absence of the Landau-Peierls (LP) instability from this phase, we calculate the (threshold) temperature at which the phonon fluctuations wash out the long-range order over a range of magnetic fields and densities relevant to astrophysical applications. Using a high-order Ginzburg-Landau expansion, we find that the threshold temperature is very near the critical temperature for fields of order $10^{18}$ G, and still a sizable fraction of the critical temperature for fields of order $10^{17}$ G. Therefore, at sufficiently large magnetic fields, the long-range order of the MDCDW phase is preserved over most of the parameter space where it is energetically favored; at smaller magnetic fields, the long-range order is still preserved over a considerable region of parameter space relevant to compact stars. We provide general symmetry arguments to explain why a magnetic field alone is not enough to eliminate the LP instability that characterizes single-modulated phases in 3+1 dimensions.

    ↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEhep-phPRD(2024)·8 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.