HEP Phenomenology·hep-ph

Tue·Jun 27, 2023Tuesday·June 27, 2023

43 papers—35 primary·8 cross-listed·reconstructed*

01*
The van der Waals Hexaquark Chemical Potential in Dense Stellar Matter
Keith Andrew🇺🇸 · Eric V. Steinfelds🇺🇸 · Kristopher A. Andrew
We explore the chemical potential of a QCD-motivated van der Waals (VDW) phase change model for the six-quark color-singlet, strangeness S=-2 particle known as the hexaquark with quark content (uuddss). The hexaquark may have internal structure, indicated by short range correlations, that allow for non-color-singlet diquark and triquark configurations whose interactions will change the magnitude of the chemical potential. In the multicomponent VDW Equation of State (EoS), the quark-quark particle interaction terms are sensitive to the QCD color factor, causing the pairing of these terms to give different interaction strengths for their respective contributions to the chemical potential. This results in a critical temperature near 163 MeV for the color-singlet states and tens of MeV below this for various diquark and triquark states. The VDW chemical potential is also sensitive to the number density, leading to chemical potential isotherms that exhibit spinodal extrema, which also depend on the internal hexaquark configurations. These extrema determine regions of metastability for the mixed states near the critical point. We use this chemical potential with the chemical potential modified TOV equations to investigate the properties of hexaquark formation in cold compact stellar cores in beta equilibrium. We find thresholds for the hexaquark layers and changes in the maximum mass values that are consistent with observations from high mass compact stellar objects such as PSR 09043 + 10 and GW 190814. In general, we find that the VDW-TOV model has an upper stability mass and radius bound for a chemical potential of 1340 MeV with a compactness C~0.2.
hep-phastro-ph.HEnucl-thParticles(2023)·5 citations
02*
Thermalization and isotropization of heavy quarks in a non-Markovian medium in high-energy nuclear collisions
Pooja🇮🇳 · Santosh K.Das🇮🇳 · Vincenzo Greco🇮🇹 · Marco Ruggieri🇮🇹
We study the isotropization and thermalization of heavy quarks in a non-Markovian medium in high energy nuclear collisions. In particular, we analyze the case of a non-stationary medium with a noise whose time-correlator decays as a power law (heavy tailed noise). We assume the correlations decay with an exponent $β - 1$ , $0 \leq β < 1$ ; we treat $β$ as a free parameter. We analyze the effect of memory on the thermalization and isotropization of heavy quarks in the medium via a generalized Langevin equation. In general, we find that memory slows down the dynamics of heavy quarks; moreover, thermalization and isotropization happen on the same time scale once a realistic initialization is considered. We also find that while the effect on charm quarks can be relevant, beauty quarks are hardly affected by memory in the quark-gluon plasma phase. Finally, we comment on the effect of memory on the estimate of $D_{s}$ of charm and beauty.
hep-phhep-latnucl-thPRD(2023)·21 citations
03*
Coleman-Weinberg dynamics of ultralight scalar dark matter and GeV-scale right-handed neutrinos
Clara Murgui🇺🇸 · Ryan Plestid🇺🇸
We consider an extension of the Standard Model by three singlet fermions and one singlet real scalar field. The scalar is an ultralight dark matter candidate whose abundance is set by dynamically induced misalignment from the Higgs portal. We focus on parameter space where the Coleman-Weinberg potential both fixes the dark matter relic abundance, and predicts the mass scale of right-handed neutrinos. The model prefers scalar masses in the range of $10 μ eV ≲ m_{ϕ} ≲ 10 meV$ , and can be tested via direct searches for a light scalar (e.g. fifth force tests), or by searching for right-handed neutrinos in laboratory experiments.
hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2024)·7 citations
04*
Causality and stability analysis for the minimal causal spin hydrodynamics
Xin-Qing Xie🇨🇳 · Dong-Lin Wang🇨🇳 · Chen Yang🇨🇳 · Shi Pu🇨🇳
We perform the linear analysis of causality and stability for a minimal extended spin hydrodynamics up to second order of the gradient expansion. The first order spin hydrodynamics, with a rank-3 spin tensor being antisymmetric for only the last two indices, are proved to be acausal and unstable. We then consider the minimal causal spin hydrodynamics up to second order of the gradient expansion. We derive the necessary causality and stability conditions for this minimal causal spin hydrodynamics. Interestingly, the satisfaction of the stability conditions relies on the equations of state for the spin density and chemical potentials. Moreover, different with the conventional relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics, the stability of the theory seems to be broken at the finite wave-vector when the stability conditions are fulfilled at small and large wave-vector limits. It implies that the behavior in small and large wave-vector limits may be insufficient to determine the stability conditions for spin hydrodynamics in linear mode analysis.
hep-phnucl-thPRD(2023)·48 citations
05*
Electromagnetic Transition Form Factors of Baryon Resonances
G. Ramalho🇰🇷 · M.T. Peña🇵🇹
Recent experimental and theoretical advancements have led to significant progress in our understanding of the electromagnetic structure of nucleons ( $N$ ), nucleon excitations ( $N^{*}$ ), and other baryons. These breakthroughs have been made possible by the capabilities of modern facilities, enabling the induction of photo- and electro-excitation of nucleon resonances. Recent experimental advances have sparked notable developments in theoretical approaches. New theoretical methods have been tested and proven to be robust, marking the beginning of a new era in our understanding on baryons. We present a comprehensive review of progress in experimental data on $γ^{*} N \to N^{*}$ reactions. Additionally, we discuss various analyses and theoretical results. Some of these methods have matured in their predictive power, offering new perspectives on exotic hadrons with multiquark components. We place special emphasis on both the low- $Q^{2}$ and large- $Q^{2}$ regions to reinforce crucial physical constraints on observables that hold in these limits. Furthermore, we illustrate that the combination of lattice QCD with chiral effective field theory and quark models, respectively, proves beneficial in interpreting data and applying constraints within those different regimes. As a practical contribution and for future reference, we review the formulas for helicity amplitudes, multipole form factors and the relations between these two sets of functions for transitions to resonances with general spin $J \geq \frac{1}{2}$ . These formulas are ubiquitous and play a pivotal role in experimental and theoretical studies on baryon structure. Notably, the multipole transition form factors for $J \geq \frac{3}{2}$ resonances serve as valuable tools to test perturbative QCD results in the large- $Q^{2}$ region, thanks to the correlations between electric and magnetic transition form factors.
hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-ex+1PPNP(2024)·52 citations
06*
Sterile Neutrino Portal Dark Matter with $Z_{3}$ Symmetry
An Liu🇨🇳 · Zhi-Long Han🇨🇳 · Yi Jin🇨🇳 · Honglei Li🇨🇳
In this paper, we consider the sterile neutrino portal dark matter with $Z_{3}$ symmetry. This model further extends the canonical type-I seesaw with a fermion singlet $χ$ and a scalar singlet $ϕ$ . Under the $Z_{3}$ symmetry, the dark sector transforms as $χ \to e^{i 2 π /3} χ, ϕ \to e^{i 2 π /3} ϕ$ , while the standard model particles and the sterile neutrino $N$ transform trivially. Besides the interactions as $y_{N} ϕ χ ˉ N$ and $λ_{H ϕ} (H^{†} H) (ϕ^{†} ϕ)$ allowed in the $Z_{2}$ symmetry, the $Z_{3}$ symmetry also introduces two new terms, i.e., $y_{χ} ϕ χ^{c} χ$ and $μ ϕ^{3} /2$ . These new interactions induce additional semi-annihilation processes as $χχ \to N χ$ and $ϕϕ \to h ϕ$ for WIMP dark matter. We then perform a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenology of this $Z_{3}$ symmetric model. Viable parameter space is explored under the constraints from dark matter relic density, Higgs invisible decay, indirect and direct detection for both fermion and scalar dark matter. We find that the semi-annihilation channels $χχ \to N χ$ and $ϕϕ \to N χ$ can lead to quite different phenomena from the $Z_{2}$ symmetric model, which provides a viable pathway to distinguish these two kinds of model.
hep-phPRD(2023)·8 citations
07*
CP asymmetries in $B$ meson two-body baryonic decays
Chao-Qiang Geng🇨🇳 · Xiang-Nan Jin🇨🇳 · Chia-Wei Liu🇨🇳
We study the CP-odd and CP-even observables of the $B$ mesons decaying into a baryon and antibaryon. We estimate these observables through the $^{3} P_{0}$ model and chiral selection rule. The decay branching ratios of $B^{+} \to p Λ$ and $B^{0} \to p p$ are calculated to be $2.31 \times 1 0^{- 7}$ and $1.27 \times 1 0^{- 8}$ , which are consistent with the current experiments, respectively. The effects of the $B - B$ oscillations are considered, which largely suppress the direct CP asymmetries in the $B_{s}^{0}$ decays. We suggest the experiments to visit $B_{s}^{0} \to Λ (\to p π^{-}) Λ (\to p π^{+})$ , where the time-averaged CP-odd observables are estimated to be large. The direct CP asymmetries of $B^{+} \to p Λ$ and $B^{0} \to p p$ are found to be $26.2%$ and $- 3.1%$ for a positive strong phase and $- 36.9%$ and $4.2%$ for a negative strong phase, respectively.
hep-phhep-exPLB(2023)·6 citations
08*
Charmonium production in high multiplicity p p collisions and the structure of the proton
R. Terra🇧🇷 · F. S. Navarra🇧🇷
In this work we study charmonium production in high multiplicity proton-proton collisions. We investigate the role of the spatial distribution of partons in the protons and assume that the proton has a Y shape. In this configuration quarks are more at the surface and gluons in the inner part of the proton. Going from peripheral to more central and then to ultra-central proton-proton collisions, we go from quark-quark collisions to gluon-gluon collisions. Since gluons are much more abundant, the cross sections grow. In the case of charm production this growth is enhanced by the fact that, $σ (g + g \to c + c ˉ) >> σ (q + q ˉ \to c + c ˉ)$ . These effects can explain the growth seen in the data.
hep-phPRD(2023)·7 citations
09*
General solutions for TM $_{1, 2}$ mixing in the minimal type-I seesaw mechanism and phenomenological constraints to Yukawa matrix of neutrinos
Masaki J. S. Yang🇯🇵
In this paper, we concisely represent the general solution for the TM $_{1, 2}$ mixing in the type-I minimal seesaw mechanism and show phenomenological constraints of the Yukawa matrix of neutrinos $Y$ . First, conditions of $Z_{2}$ symmetry associated with TM $_{1, 2}$ restrict two complex parameters. In addition, three complex parameters are constrained from five phenomenological parameters (two neutrino masses $m_{i}$ , the mixing angle $θ_{13}$ , the Dirac phase $δ$ , and the Majorana phase $α$ ) and the overall phase. As a result, there is only one free complex parameter for $Y$ , except for the right-handed neutrino masses $M_{1, 2}$ . For the TM $_{1}$ mixing with normal hierarchy, the symmetry condition is imposed only on $Y$ , and the physical parameters depend on $M_{R}$ . In other situations, the dimensionless parameters $(θ_{13}, δ$ and $α)$ do not depend on $M_{R}$ but only on certain combinations of the components of $Y$ .
hep-ph0 citations
10*
Revisiting Theoretical Analysis of Electric Dipole Moment of $^{129}$ Xe
B. K. Sahoo🇮🇳 · Nodoka Yamanaka🇯🇵 · Kota Yanase🇯🇵
Linear response approach to the relativistic coupled-cluster (RCC) theory has been extended to estimate contributions from the parity and time-reversal violating pseudoscalar-scalar (Ps-S) and scalar-pseudoscalar (S-Ps) electron-nucleus interactions along with electric dipole moments (EDMs) of electrons ( $d_{e}$ ) interacting with internal electric and magnetic fields. Random phase approximation (RPA) is also employed to produce results to compare with the earlier reported values and demonstrate importance of the non-RPA contributions arising through the RCC method. It shows that contributions from the S-Ps interactions and $d_{e}$ arising through the hyperfine-induced effects are very sensitive to the contributions from the high-lying virtual orbitals. Combining atomic results with the nuclear shell-model calculations, we impose constraints on the pion-nucleon coupling coefficients, and EDMs of proton and neutron. These results are further used to constrain EDMs and chromo-EDMs of up- and down-quarks by analyzing particle physics models.
hep-phhep-exnucl-thphysics.atom-ph+1PRA(2023)·6 citations
11*
Axial-vector form factors of the light, singly and doubly charmed baryons in the chiral quark constituent model
Harleen Dahiya🇮🇳 · Suneel Dutt🇮🇳 · Arvind Kumar🇮🇳 · Monika Randhawa🇮🇳
The axial-vector form factors of the light, singly and doubly charmed baryons are investigated in the framework of $S U (4)$ chiral constituent quark model. The axial-vector form factors having physical significance correspond to the generators of the $S U (4)$ group with flavor singlet $λ^{0}$ , flavor isovector $λ^{3}$ , flavor hypercharge $λ^{8}$ and flavor charmed $λ^{15}$ combinations of axial-vector current at zero momentum transfer. In order to further understand the $Q^{2}$ dependence of these charges, we have used the conventionally established dipole form of parametrization.
hep-ph0 citations
12*
Azimuthal asymmetries in $D$ -meson and jet production at the EIC
Khatiza Banu🇮🇳 · Asmita Mukherjee🇮🇳 · Amol Pawar🇮🇳 · Sangem Rajesh🇮🇳
We study the azimuthal asymmetries in back-to-back leptoproduction of $D$ -meson and jet to probe the gluon TMDs in an unpolarized and transversely polarized electron-proton collision at the kinematics of EIC. We give predictions for unpolarized cross-sections within the TMD factorization framework. In $D$ -meson and jet formation, the only leading order contribution comes from the photon gluon fusion process. We give numerical estimates of the upper bound on the azimuthal asymmetries with the saturation of positivity bounds; also, we present the asymmetries using a Gaussian parameterization of TMDs. We obtain sizable asymmetries in the kinematics that will be accessible at EIC.
hep-phhep-exPRD(2023)·3 citations
13*
Simple Modular invariant model for Quark, Lepton, and flavored-QCD axion
Y. H. Ahn🇰🇷 · Sin Kyu Kang🇰🇷
We propose a minimal extension of the Standard Model by incorporating sterile neutrinos and a QCD axion to account for the mass and mixing hierarchies of quarks and leptons and to solve the strong CP problem, and by introducing $G_{SM} \times Γ_{N} \times U (1)_{X}$ symmetry. We demonstrate that the Kähler transformation corrects the weight of modular forms in the superpotential and show that the model is consistent with the modular and $U (1)_{X}$ anomaly-free conditions. This enables a simple construction of a modular-independent superpotential for scalar potential. Using minimal supermultiplets, we demonstrate a level 3 modular form-induced superpotential. Sterile neutrinos explain small active neutrino masses via the seesaw mechanism and provide a well-motivated $U (1)_{X}$ breaking scale, whereas gauge singlet scalar fields play crucial roles in generating the QCD axion, heavy neutrino mass, and fermion mass hierarchy. The model predicts a range for the $U (1)_{X}$ breaking scale from $1 0^{13}$ GeV to $1 0^{15}$ GeV for $1 \mbox T e V < m_{3/2} < 1 0^{6} \mbox T e V$ . In the supersymmetric limit, all Yukawa coefficients in the superpotential are given by complex numbers with an absolute value of unity, implying a democratic distribution. Performing numerical analysis, we study how model parameters are constrained by current experimental results. In particular, the model predicts that the value of the quark Dirac CP phase falls between $3 8^{\circ}$ to $8 7^{\circ}$ , which is consistent with experimental data, and the favored value of the neutrino Dirac CP phase is around $25 0^{\circ}$ . Furthermore, the model can be tested by ongoing and future experiments on axion searches, neutrino oscillations, and $0 ν β β$ -decay.
hep-phhep-exPRD(2023)·9 citations
14*
Pion condensation in dense QCD, the dilute Bose gas, and speedy Goldstone bosons
Jens O. Andersen🇳🇴 · Qing Yu🇨🇳 · Hua Zhou🇨🇳
We consider pion condensation in QCD at finite isospin density $μ_{I}$ and zero temperature using two-flavor chiral perturbation theory ( $χ$ PT). The pressure is calculated to next-to-leading order (NLO) in the low-energy expansion. In the nonrelativistic limit, we recover the classic result by Lee, Huang, and Yang for the energy density of a dilute Bose gas with an $s$ -wave scattering length that includes loop corrections from $χ$ PT. In the chiral limit, higher-order calculations are tractable. We calculate the pressure to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in the low-energy expansion, which is an expansion in powers of $μ_{I}^{2} / (4 π)^{2} f^{2}$ , where $f$ is the (bare) pion decay constant. The spontaneous breakdown of the global internal symmetry $U (1)_{I_{3}}$ gives rise to a massless Goldstone boson or phonon. We discuss the properties of the low-energy effective theory describing this mode. Finally, we compare our results for the pressure and the speed of sound with recent lattice simulations with 2+1 flavors. The agreement is very good for isospin chemical potentials up to 180-200 MeV, depending on the physical quantity.
hep-phcond-mat.quant-gasnucl-thPRD(2024)·13 citations
15*
A Way of Determination of Axion Mass with Quantum Hall Effect
Aiichi Iwazaki🇯🇵
Axion dark matter is converted to electromagnetic radiations in the presence of strong magnetic field. The radiations possibly give rise to non trivial phenomena in condensed matter physics. Especially, we discuss that saturation of plateau-plateau transition width observed at low temperature in integer quantum Hall effect is caused by the axion. The radiations from axions are inevitably present in the experiment. Although the radiations generated by axion is extremely weak, Hall conductivity jumps up to next plateau even if only a single electron occupies an extended state; a localized electron is transited to the extended state by absorbing the radiation. According to our analysis, previous experiment\cite{sat6} of the saturation in detail suggests that the axion mass is in the range $1 0^{- 5} \mbox e V \sim 1 0^{- 6}$ eV. We propose a way of the determination of the axion mass by imposing microwaves on Hall bar and also a way of the confirmation that the axion really causes the saturation of the width.
hep-phcond-mat.str-elPLB(2023)·3 citations
16*
Radiative Decays of the Spin- $\nicefrac 32$ to Spin- $\nicefrac 12$ Doubly Heavy Baryons in QCD
T.M. Aliev🇹🇷 · A. Ozpineci🇹🇷 · E. Askan🇹🇷
The spin- $\nicefrac 32$ to spin- $\nicefrac 12$ doubly heavy baryon transition magnetic dipole $G_{M}$ and electric quadrupole $G_{E}$ formfactors are calculated in the framework of light cone sum rules method. Moreover, the decay widths of corresponding radiative transitions are estimated. Obtained results of magnetic dipole moments $G_{M}$ and decay widths are compared with the results present in the literature.
hep-phPRD(2023)·6 citations
17*
Radiative Corrections: From Medium to High Energy Experiments
Andrei Afanasev🇺🇸 · Jan C. Bernauer🇺🇸 · Peter Blunden🇨🇦 · Johannes Blümlein🇩🇪 · Ethan W. Cline🇺🇸 · Jan M. Friedrich🇩🇪 · Franziska Hagelstein🇩🇪 · Tomáš Husek🇸🇪 · Michael Kohl🇺🇸 · Fred Myhrer🇺🇸 · Gil Paz🇺🇸 · Susan Schadmand🇩🇪 and 7 other authors
Radiative corrections are crucial for modern high-precision physics experiments, and are an area of active research in the experimental and theoretical community. Here we provide an overview of the state of the field of radiative corrections with a focus on several topics: lepton-proton scattering, QED corrections in deep-inelastic scattering, and in radiative light-hadron decays. Particular emphasis is placed on the two-photon exchange, believed to be responsible for the proton form-factor discrepancy, and associated Monte-Carlo codes. We encourage the community to continue developing theoretical techniques to treat radiative corrections, and perform experimental tests of these corrections.
hep-phnucl-exnucl-thEPJA(2024)·27 citations
18*
Hill-top inflation from Dai-Freed anomaly in the standard model -- A solution to the iso-curvature problem of the axion dark matter
Masahiro Kawasaki🇯🇵 · Tsutomu T. Yanagida🇨🇳
The discrete symmetry $Z_{4}$ in the standard model (SM) with three right-handed neutrinos is free from the Dai-Freed anomaly. Motivated by this $Z_{4}$ symmetry, we constructed a topological inflation model consistent with all known constraints and observations. However, we assumed a specific inflaton potential in the previous work. In this paper we extend the inflaton potential in a more general form allowed by the discrete $Z_{4}$ gauge symmetry and show that consistent hilltop inflation is realized. We find that the Hubble parameter $H_{inf}$ can be smaller than $≃ 1 0^{9}$ GeV so that the isocurvature fluctuations of the axion dark matter are sufficiently suppressed. Furthermore, the running of the spectral index can be as large as $d n_{s} / ln k ≃ 0.0018$ which will be tested in future CMB observations. Since this discrete $Z_{4}$ acts on the SM, the inflaton can couple to pairs of the right-handed neutrinos and hence the reheating temperature can be high as $\sim 1 0^{10}$ GeV, producing the cosmic baryon asymmetry naturally through the thermal leptogenesis.
hep-phastro-ph.COJCAP(2024)·6 citations
19*
Asymptoticity of QCD and massive, oriented event-shapes
Nestor G. Gracia🇪🇸
This is a doctoral thesis dissertation developed in the frame of theoretical QCD predictions, with focus on two main topics. On the one hand, the large-order bahavior of perturbative QCD series is discussed. By reviewing the main literature, a cohesive discussion is made that includes the topics of large-order divergencies in QCD, renormalons, summation methods for asymptotic series and non-perturbative power corrections. A formalism for perturbative QCD series in the large- $β_{0}$ is presented, which allows for (1) the computation of the series, its renormalization factor and anomalous dimension, (2) the sum of all these quantities, (3) the study of the renormalon structure of the series and (4), the ambiguity in the sum due to IR renormalons, which is associated with the size of non-power corrections. Original and published work has been made to develop this formalism for both series without and with cusp-anomalous dimension. A large number of applications of our formalism are also presented, covering the short-distance mass schemes $MS ˉ$ and MSR, the QCD-to-SCET and SCET-to-bHQET matching coeficients and the SCET and bHQET jet functions. On the other hand, original and also published work in fixed-order perturbation theory is also carried out in the field of event shapes. The event-shape distribution for $e^{+} e^{-}$ to hadrons is computed to NLO differential with respect to the angle between the initial beam and the thrust axis of the event. The relevant finding is the presence of the quark mass already at $O (α_{s}^{0})$ for the vector current. Finally, the dissertation also contains a brief study on the FOPT-CIPT difference in the context of tau decays.
hep-phhep-th0 citations
20*
QCD parameters and SM-high precisions from e+e- to Hadrons
Stephan Narison (LUPM-CNRS/IN2P3, Univ-Montpellier-FR and iHEPMAD, Univ-Antananarivo-MG)🇫🇷
Using the PDG 22 compilation of the $e^{+} e^{-} \to$ Hadrons $\oplus$ the recent CMD3 data for the pion form factor and the value of gluon condensate $< α_{s} G^{2} >$ from heavy quarkonia, we extract the value of the four-quark condensate : $ρ α_{s} < ψ ˉ ψ >^{2} = (5.98 \pm 0.64) \times 1 0^{- 4}$ GeV $^{6}$ and the dimension eight condensate: $d_{8} = (4.3 \pm 3.0) \times 1 0^{- 2}$ GeV $^{8}$ from the ratio $R_{10}$ of Laplace sum rules to order $α_{s}^{4}$ . We show the inconsistency in using at the same time the standard SVZ value of the gluon and the vacuum saturation of the four-quark condensates. Using the previous values of the four-quark and $d_{8}$ condensates, we re-extract $< α_{s} G^{2} >$ from $R_{10}$ to be: $(6.12 \pm 0.61) \times 1 0^{- 2}$ GeV $^{4}$ in perfect agreement with the one from heavy quarkonia. We also use the lowest $τ$ -like decay moment $R_{τ}^{ee}$ to extract the value of the QCD coupling $α_{s} (M_{τ}^{2})$ =0.3385(145)[resp. 0.3262(86)] (mean of fixed order (FO) and Contour Improved (CI) PT series) to order $α_{s}^{4}$ [resp. $α_{s}^{5}$ ] and the standard OPE. The corresponding value of the sum of the non-perturbative contribution is: $δ_{N P} (M_{τ}) = (3.74 \pm 0.40) \times 1 0^{- 2}$ . Reciprocally, using $α_{s} (M_{τ})$ , $< α_{s} G^{2} >$ and $d_{8}$ as inputs, we test the stability of the value of the four-quark condensate obtained from the lowest $τ$ -like moment. We complete our analysis by updating our previous determinations of the lowest order hadronic vacuum polarization contributions to the lepton anomalies and to $α (M_{Z}^{2})$ . We obtain in Table 2 : $a_{μ} ∣_{l . o}^{h v p} = (7036.5 \pm 38.9) \times 1 0^{- 11}, a_{τ} ∣_{l . o}^{h v p} = (3494.8 \pm 24.7) \times 1 0^{- 9}$ and $α (M_{Z}^{2}) = (2766.3 \pm 4.5) \times 1 0^{- 5}$ . This new value of $a_{μ}$ leads to: $Δ a_{μ} \equiv a_{μ}^{e x p} - a_{μ}^{t h} = (142 \pm 4 2_{t h} \pm 4 1_{e x p}) \times 1 0^{- 11}$ .
hep-phhep-exhep-latNPA(2023)·19 citations
21*
Strange-quark mass effects in the $B_{s}$ meson's light-cone distribution amplitude
Thorsten Feldmann🇩🇪 · Philip Lüghausen🇩🇪 · Nicolas Seitz🇩🇪
We investigate the differences between the light-cone distribution amplitudes (LCDAs) of $B_{s}$ mesons and $B_{q}$ mesons (with $q = u, d$ ) induced by a non-vanishing strange-quark mass $m_{s} \neq = 0$ (compared to $m_{q} ≃ 0$ ). To this end, we consider the so-called ''radiative tail'' which is related to the short-distance expansion of the relevant light-ray operators in heavy-quark effective theory. We extend the calculation of the according matching coefficients, including operators linear in $m_{s}$ for both the leading and sub-leading 2-particle LCDAs. Based on a generic parameterization for the leading LCDA, we discuss the effect on its shape on a quantitative level, and compare our findings with recent results on the inverse moments of the $B_{q}$ and $B_{s}$ LCDAs from QCD sum rules.
hep-phJHEP(2023)·13 citations
22*
Identifying a characterized energy level structure of higher charmonium well matched to the peak structures in $e^{+} e^{-} \to π^{+} D^{0} D^{*-}$
Jun-Zhang Wang🇨🇳 · Xiang Liu🇨🇳
Recent advancements in charmoniumlike state have significantly enriched the discovery of new hadronic states, providing exciting opportunities for further investigations into the fascinating realm of charmonium physics. In this letter, we focus on the vector charmonium family and perform a detailed analysis of the recently observed $e^{+} e^{-} \to π^{+} D^{0} D^{*-}$ process. Our findings demonstrate a striking agreement between the observed peak structures and the predicted characterized energy level structure of higher vector charmonia including the $ψ (4220)$ , $ψ (4380)$ , $ψ (4415)$ , and $ψ (4500)$ , which are derived from an unquenched potential model. This discovery challenges conventional understanding of higher charmonia above 4 GeV and offers fresh insights into the dynamics of charm and anti-charm quarks in the formation of these states. Furthermore, the identification of these higher charmonia in the precisely measured $π^{+} D^{0} D^{*-}$ open-charm decay channel would serve as compelling evidence supporting the unquenched scenario and contribute to a deeper understanding of the nonperturbative aspects of the strong interaction.
hep-phhep-exPLB(2024)·16 citations
23*
Neutrino oscillation bounds on quantum decoherence
Valentina De Romeri🇪🇸 · Carlo Giunti🇮🇹 · Thomas Stuttard🇩🇰 · Christoph A. Ternes🇮🇹
We consider quantum-decoherence effects in neutrino oscillation data. Working in the open quantum system framework we adopt a phenomenological approach that allows to parameterize the energy dependence of the decoherence effects. We consider several phenomenological models. We analyze data from the reactor experiments RENO, Daya Bay and KamLAND and from the accelerator experiments NOvA, MINOS/MINOS+ and T2K. We obtain updated constraints on the decoherence parameters quantifying the strength of damping effects, which can be as low as $Γ_{ij} ≲ 8 \times 1 0^{- 27}$ GeV at 90% confidence level in some cases. We also present sensitivities for the future facilities DUNE and JUNO.
hep-phhep-exJHEP(2023)·48 citations
24*
Recasting Bounds on Long-lived Heavy Neutral Leptons in Terms of a Light Supersymmetric R-parity Violating Neutralino
Herbi K. Dreiner🇩🇪 · Dominik Köhler🇩🇪 · Saurabh Nangia🇩🇪 · Martin Schürmann🇩🇪 · Zeren Simon Wang🇹🇼
In R-parity-violating (RPV) supersymmetric models, light neutralinos with masses from the GeV-scale down to even zero are still allowed by all laboratory constraints. They are further consistent with dark matter observations, as they decay via RPV couplings. These RPV couplings are in general constrained to be small. Hence, such light neutralinos, if produced, e.g., at a beam-dump or collider experiment, appear as displaced vertices or missing energy at the detector level. The same signatures have been extensively searched for at various experiments in the theoretical context of sterile neutrinos which mix with active neutrinos. In this work, we recast the sensitivity of both past and present experiments to sterile neutrinos to obtain new bounds on RPV couplings associated with a light neutralino. We find experiments such as T2K, BEBC, FASER, DUNE, and MoEDAL-MAPP can improve the current bounds on RPV couplings by up to $3 - 4$ orders of magnitude in several benchmark scenarios.
hep-phhep-exJHEP(2023)·14 citations
25*
Constraints on quantum spacetime-induced decoherence from neutrino oscillations
Vittorio D'Esposito🇮🇹 · Giulia Gubitosi🇮🇹
We investigate the implications of decoherence induced by quantum spacetime properties on neutrino oscillation phenomena. We develop a general formalism where the evolution of neutrinos is governed by a Lindblad-type equation and we compute the oscillation damping factor for various models that have been proposed in the literature. Furthermore, we discuss the sensitivity to these effects of different types of neutrino oscillation experiments, encompassing astrophysical, atmospheric, solar, and reactor neutrino experiments. By using neutrino oscillation data from long-baseline reactors and atmospheric neutrino observations, we establish stringent constraints on the energy scale governing the strength of the decoherence induced by stochastic metric fluctuations, amounting to, respectively, $E_{QG} \geq 2.6 \cdot 1 0^{34} GeV$ and $E_{QG} \geq 2.5 \cdot 1 0^{55} GeV$ .
hep-phgr-qcPRD(2024)·13 citations
26*
$α_{s}$ as an input parameter in the SMEFT
Michael Trott🇩🇰
The QCD coupling, $α_{s}$ , has a critical role in Hadron collider studies of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). Patterns of measurements can be modified by local contact operators in the SMEFT that change the measured value of a Lagrangian parameter from the case of the Standard Model; this is known as an input parameter correction. When such a parameter is then used to predict another observable, this modifies the relationship between observables. In this paper, we begin the process of characterizing $α_{s}$ as an input parameter.
hep-ph3 citations
27*
Neutrino magnetic moment and inert doublet dark matter in a Type-III radiative scenario
Shivaramakrishna Singirala🇮🇳 · Dinesh Kumar Singha🇮🇳 · Rukmani Mohanta🇮🇳
We narrate dark matter, neutrino magnetic moment and mass in a Type-III radiative scenario. The Standard Model is enriched with three vector-like fermion triplets and two inert doublets to provide a suitable platform for the above phenomenological aspects. The inert scalars contribute to total relic density of dark matter in the Universe. Neutrino aspects are realized at one-loop with magnetic moment obtained through charged scalars, while neutrino mass gets contribution from charged and neutral scalars. Taking inert scalars up to $2$ TeV and triplet fermion in few hundred TeV range, we obtain a common parameter space, compatible with experimental limits associated with both neutrino and dark matter sectors. Using a specific region for transition magnetic moment ( $O (1 0^{- 11} μ_{B}$ )), we explain the excess recoil events, reported by the XENON1T collaboration. Finally, we demonstrate that the model is able to provide neutrino magnetic moments in a wide range from $1 0^{- 12} μ_{B}$ to $1 0^{- 10} μ_{B}$ , meeting the bounds of various experiments such as Super-K, TEXONO, Borexino and XENONnT.
hep-phPRD(2023)·8 citations
28*
In-medium Electromagnetic Form Factors and Spin Polarizations
Shu Lin🇨🇳 · Jiayuan Tian🇨🇳
We formulate the coupling between fermion spin and background electromagnetic fields using form factors. We show that the vacuum form factors at tree level reproduce the spin polarization effects found in chiral kinetic theory. The vacuum form factors corresponding to spin couplings to perpendicular electric field, parallel and perpendicular magnetic field are degenerate. The degeneracy is expected to be lifted in medium. As an example, we calculate the in-medium QCD radiative correction to the form factors at one-loop order, where we find partial lift of the degeneracy: the spin couplings to parallel and perpendicular magnetic field are different, but the spin couplings to perpendicular electric and parallel magnetic field remain the same.
hep-phnucl-thEur.Phys.J.Plus(2024)·1 citation
29*
Primordial gravitational waves in the nano-Hertz regime and PTA data -- towards solving the GW inverse problem
Eric Madge🇮🇱 · Enrico Morgante🇩🇪 · Cristina Puchades-Ibáñez🇩🇪 · Nicklas Ramberg🇩🇪 · Wolfram Ratzinger🇮🇱 · Sebastian Schenk🇩🇪 · Pedro Schwaller🇩🇪
In recent years, several pulsar timing array collaborations have reported first hints for a stochastic gravitational wave background at nano-Hertz frequencies. Here we elaborate on the possibility that this signal comes from new physics that leads to the generation of a primordial stochastic gravitational wave background. We propose a set of simple but concrete models that can serve as benchmarks for gravitational waves sourced by cosmological phase transitions, domain wall networks, cosmic strings, axion dynamics, or large scalar fluctuations. These models are then confronted with pulsar timing data and with cosmological constraints. With only a limited number of free parameters per model, we are able to identify viable regions of parameter space and also make predictions for future astrophysical and laboratory tests that can help with model identification and discrimination.
hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.IMgr-qcJHEP(2023)·166 citations
30*
Constraining the top-quark mass within the global MSHT PDF fit
Thomas Cridge🇩🇪 · Matthew A. Lim🇬🇧
We examine the ability of experimental measurements of top-quark pair production to constrain both the top-quark mass and the strong coupling within the global MSHT parton distribution function (PDF) fit. Specifically, we consider ATLAS and CMS measurements of differential distributions taken at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, as well as $t t ˉ$ total cross section data taken at a variety of experiments, and compare to theoretical predictions including next-to-next-to-leading order corrections. We find that supplementing the global fit with this additional information results in relatively strong constraints on the top-quark mass, and is also able to bound the strong coupling in a limited fashion. Our final result is $m_{t} = 173.0 \pm 0.6 GeV$ and is compatible with the world average pole mass extracted from cross section measurements of $172.5 \pm 0.7 GeV$ by the Particle Data Group. We also study the effect of different top-quark masses on the gluon parton distribution function, finding changes at high $x$ which nonetheless lie within the large PDF uncertainties in this region.
hep-phhep-exEPJC(2023)·14 citations
31*
From WIMPs to FIMPs with Low Reheating Temperatures
Javier Silva-Malpartida🇵🇪 · Nicolás Bernal🇦🇪 · Joel Jones-Pérez🇵🇪 · Roberto A. Lineros🇨🇱
Weakly- and Feebly-Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs and FIMPs) are among the best-motivated dark matter (DM) candidates. In this paper, we investigate the production of DM through the WIMP and FIMP mechanisms during inflationary reheating. We show that the details of the reheating, such as the inflaton potential and the reheating temperature, have a strong impact on the genesis of DM. The strong entropy injection caused by the inflaton decay has to be compensated by a reduction of the portal coupling in the case of WIMPs, or by an increase in the case of FIMPs. We pinpoint the smooth transition between the WIMP and the FIMP regimes in the case of low reheating temperature. As an example, we perform a full numerical analysis of the singlet-scalar DM model; however, our results are generic and adaptable to other particle DM candidates. Interestingly, in the singlet-scalar DM model with low-reheating temperature, regions favored by the FIMP mechanism are already being tested by direct detection experiments such as LZ and XENONnT.
hep-phJCAP(2023)·60 citations
32*
Fully ab-initio all-electron calculation of dark matter--electron scattering in crystals with evaluation of systematic uncertainties
Cyrus E. Dreyer🇺🇸 · Rouven Essig🇺🇸 · Marivi Fernandez-Serra🇺🇸 · Aman Singal🇺🇸 · Cheng Zhen🇺🇸
We calculate target-material responses for dark matter--electron scattering at the \textit{ab-initio} all-electron level using atom-centered gaussian basis sets. The all-electron effects enhance the material response at high momentum transfers from dark matter to electrons, $q ≳ O (10 α m_{e})$ , compared to calculations using conventional plane wave methods, including those used in QEDark; this enhances the expected event rates at energy transfers $E ≳ 10$ ~eV, especially when scattering through heavy mediators. We carefully test a range of systematic uncertainties in the theory calculation, including those arising from the choice of basis set, exchange-correlation functional, number of unit cells in the Bloch sum, $k$ -mesh, and neglect of scatters with very high momentum transfers. We provide state-of-the-art crystal form factors, focusing on silicon and germanium. Our code and results are made publicly available as a new tool, called Quantum Chemistry Dark (``QCDark'').
hep-phastro-ph.COcond-mat.mtrl-sciphysics.comp-phPRD(2024)·42 citations
33*
Spontaneous CP violation and $μ - τ$ symmetry in two-Higgs-doublet models with flavour conservation
João M. Alves🇪🇸 · Francisco J. Botella🇪🇸 · Carlos Miró🇪🇸 · Miguel Nebot🇪🇸
In multi-Higgs-doublet models, requiring simultaneously that (i) CP violation only arises spontaneously, (ii) tree level scalar flavour changing couplings are absent and (iii) the fermion mixing matrix is CP violating, can only be achieved in a very specific manner. A general approach with new clarifying insights on the question is presented. Considering the quark sector, that peculiar possibility is not viable on phenomenological grounds. We show that, considering the lepton sector, it is highly interesting and leads to viable models with $μ - τ$ symmetric PMNS matrices. Phenomenological implications of the models, both for Dirac and Majorana (in a type I seesaw scenario) neutrinos, are analysed.
hep-phEPJC(2023)·0 citations
34*
Same-Sign Taus Signatures of Maximally Flavor-Violating Scalars at the LHC
Alexandre Alves🇧🇷 · Alex G. Dias🇧🇷 · Eduardo da Silva Almeida🇧🇷 · Diego S. V. Gonçalves🇧🇷
We explore single and double flavor-violating scalar (flavon) production at the 13 and 14 TeV LHC in an effective field theory formulation where flavons always change the flavor of the Standard Model fermions. When those scalars couple to mass, their flavor-changing couplings to top quarks and tau leptons are favored. Focusing on the mass region below the top-quark mass, we find couplings that fit the muon $(g - 2)$ discrepancy and avoid several current experimental constraints. We determine the potential of the LHC to exclude or discover such a new physics scenario with clean signatures consisting of same-sign tau leptons and the simultaneous observation of resonances in the tau plus electron or muon invariant mass. We found that in the double production mode, effective couplings down to order $1 0^{- 2}$ TeV $^{- 1}$ can be probed for flavon masses in the 10--170 GeV range at the 14 TeV HL-LHC, but couplings down to 0.1 TeV $^{- 1}$ can already be excluded at 95\% confidence level with data collected from the 13 TeV LHC in the same mass interval. We also explore the impact of sizeable diagonal flavon couplings on the prospects of LHC for the signals we propose.
hep-phPRD(2024)·4 citations
35*
Parton Distributions from Boosted Fields in the Coulomb Gauge
Xiang Gao🇺🇸 · Wei-Yang Liu🇺🇸 · Yong Zhao🇺🇸
We propose a new method to calculate parton distribution functions (PDFs) from lattice correlations of boosted quarks and gluons in the Coulomb gauge. Compared to the widely used gauge-invariant Wilson-line operators, these correlations greatly simplify the renormalization thanks to the absence of linear power divergence. Besides, they enable access to larger off-axis momenta under preserved 3D rotational symmetry, as well as enhanced long-range precision that facilitates the Fourier transform. We verify the factorization formula that relates this new observable to the quark PDF at one-loop order in perturbation theory. Moreover, through a lattice calculation of the pion valence quark PDF, we demonstrate the aforementioned advantage and features of the Coulomb gauge correlation and show that it yields consistent result with the gauge-invariant method. This opens the door to a more efficient way to calculate parton physics on the lattice.
hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-thPRD(2024)·46 citations
36*
Linear Boltzmann transport for jet propagation in the quark-gluon plasma: Inelastic processes and jet modification
Tan Luo🇨🇳 · Yayun He🇨🇳 · Shanshan Cao🇨🇳 · Xin-Nian Wang🇨🇳
A Linear Boltzmann Transport (LBT) Monte Carlo model has been developed to describe jet propagation and interaction with the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. A complete set of elastic scattering processes and medium-induced gluon emissions based on the higher-twist formalism are incorporated for both jet shower and medium recoil partons. It has been employed to describe experimental data on large transverse momentum hadron and jet spectra, correlation and jet substructures in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. We document in detail the structure of the model and validation of the Monte Carlo implementations of the physics processes in LBT, in particular, the inelastic process of medium-induced gluon radiation. We carry out a comprehensive examination of the jet-medium interaction as implemented in LBT through energy loss and momentum broadening of a single hard parton, the energy and transverse momentum transfer from leading partons to medium-induced gluons and jet-induced medium excitation, and medium modification of reconstructed jets in a static and uniform medium. With realistic and event-by-event hydrodynamic medium in heavy-ion collisions, we compute and compare to experimental data on the jet cone-size dependence of the single inclusive jet suppression at both Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the dijet asymmetry at LHC and $γ$ -jet correlation at RHIC. Effects of medium-induced gluon emissions and jet-induced medium excitation on jet observables are systematically examined. Rescatterings of the radiated gluons and recoil partons with the QGP are found essential to account for the enhancement of soft particle yield toward the edge of the jet cone.
↳ nucl-thhep-phPRC(2024)·49 citations
37*
First Results on Nucleon Resonance Electroexcitation Amplitudes from $e p \to e^{'} π^{+} π^{-} p^{'}$ Cross Sections at $W$ from 1.4-1.7 GeV and $Q^{2}$ from 2.0-5.0 GeV $^{2}$
V. I. Mokeev🇺🇸 · P. Achenbach🇺🇸 · V. D. Burkert🇺🇸 · D. S. Carman🇺🇸 · R. W. Gothe🇺🇸 · A. N. Hiller Blin🇩🇪 · E. L. Isupov🇷🇺 · K. Joo🇺🇸 · K. Neupane🇺🇸 · A. Trivedi🇺🇸
The electroexcitation amplitudes or $γ_{v} p N^{*}$ electrocouplings of the $N (1440) 1/ 2^{+}$ , $N (1520) 3/ 2^{-}$ , and $Δ (1600) 3/ 2^{+}$ resonances were obtained for the first time from the $e p \to e^{'} π^{+} π^{-} p^{'}$ differential cross sections measured with the CLAS detector at Jefferson Lab within the range of invariant mass $W$ of the final state hadrons from 1.4--1.7 GeV for photon virtualities $Q^{2}$ from 2.0--5.0 GeV $^{2}$ . The electrocouplings were determined in independent fits of the $π^{+} π^{-} p$ cross sections within three overlapping $W$ intervals with a substantial contribution from each of the three resonances listed above. Consistent results on the electrocouplings extracted from the data in these $W$ intervals provide evidence for their reliable extraction. These studies extend information on the electrocouplings of the $N (1440) 1/ 2^{+}$ and $N (1520) 3/ 2^{-}$ available from this channel over a broader range of $Q^{2}$ . The electrocouplings of the $Δ (1600) 3/ 2^{+}$ , which decays preferentially into $π π N$ final states, have been determined for the first time. Our results provide further evidence for the structure of these resonances in terms of an interplay between the inner core of three dressed quarks and an external meson-baryon cloud.
↳ nucl-exhep-phPRC(2023)·38 citations
38*
Impact of Multiple Phase Transitions in Dense QCD on Compact Stars
Armen Sedrakian🇩🇪
This review covers several recent developments in the physics of dense QCD with an emphasis on the impact of multiple phase transitions on astrophysical manifestations of compact stars. It is conjectured that pair-correlated quark matter in $β$ -equilibrium is within the same universality class as spin-imbalanced cold atoms and the isospin asymmetrical nucleonic matter. This then implies the emergence of phases with broken space symmetries and tri-critical (Lifshitz) points. We construct an equation of state (EoS) that extends the two-phase EoS of dense quark matter within the constant speed of sound parameterization by adding a conformal fluid with a speed of sound $c_{conf.} = 1/ 3$ at densities $\geq 10 n_{sat}$ , where $n_{sat}$ is the saturation density. With this input, we construct static, spherically symmetrical compact hybrid stars in the mass--radius diagram, recover such features as the twins and triplets, and show that the transition to conformal fluid leads to the spiraling-in of the tracks in this diagram. Stars on the spirals are classically unstable with respect to the radial oscillations but can be stabilized if the conversion timescale between quark and nucleonic phases at their interface is larger than the oscillation period. Finally, we review the impact of a transition from high-temperature gapped to low-temperature gapless two-flavor phase on the thermal evolution of hybrid stars.
↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEhep-phParticles(2023)·8 citations
39*
Andreev hidden spinor coordinates: Standard Model, gravity and $^{3}$ He
G.E. Volovik🇫🇮
This paper is prepared for a special memorial issue of J. Low Temp. Phys. dedicated to memory of Alexander Andreev. I discuss his ideas devoted to the fundamental problem in modern physics -- the origin and validity of the superselection rule, which forbids the superposition of a fermion and a boson state. Andreev suggested extra spin degrees of freedom, due to which the $2 π$ rotation does not change the sign of the fermionic wave function, and as a result the fermion-boson transmutations becomes possible. Although his approach looks somewhat contradictory from the point of view of the present physics, in principle his ideas can be realized on the more fundamental trans-Planckian level leading to new physics. Different scenarios of the extension of the internal spinor space are considered.
↳ cond-mat.othergr-qchep-phJ.Low Temp.Phys.(2024)·0 citations
40*
Baryonic models of ultra-low-mass compact stars for the central compact object in HESS J1731-347
Jia Jie Li (SWU, Chongqing)🇨🇳 · Armen Sedrakian (FIAS, Frankfurt and Wroclaw U.)🇩🇪
The recent attempt on mass and radius inference of the central compact object within the supernova remnant HESS J1731-347 suggests for this object an unusually low mass of $M = 0.7 7_{- 0.17}^{+ 0.20} M_{⊙}$ and a small radius of $R = 10. 4_{- 0.78}^{+ 0.86}$ \,km. We explore the ways such a result can be accommodated within models of dense matter with heavy baryonic degrees of freedom which are constrained by the multi-messenger observations. We find that to do so using only purely nucleonic models, one needs to assume a rather small value of the slope of symmetry energy $L_{sym}$ . Once heavy baryons are included higher values of the slope $L_{sym}$ become acceptable at the cost of a slightly reduced maximum mass of static configuration. These two scenarios are distinguished by the particle composition and will undergo different cooling scenarios. In addition, we show that the universalities of the $I$ -Love- $Q$ relations for static configurations can be extended to very low masses without loss in their accuracy.
↳ nucl-thhep-phPLB(2023)·27 citations
41*
Energy correlations in heavy states
D. Chicherin🇫🇷 · G. P. Korchemsky🇫🇷 · E. Sokatchev🇫🇷 · A. Zhiboedov🇨🇭
We study energy correlations in states created by a heavy operator acting on the vacuum in a conformal field theory. We argue that the energy correlations in such states exhibit two characteristic regimes as functions of the angular separations between the calorimeters: power-like growth at small angles described by the light-ray OPE and slowly varying, or ``flat'', function at larger angles. The transition between the two regimes is controlled by the scaling dimension of the heavy operator and the dynamics of the theory. We analyze this phenomenon in detail in the planar $N = 4$ SYM theory both at weak and strong coupling. An analogous transition was previously observed in QCD in the measurement of the angular energy distribution of particles belonging to the same energetic jet. In that case it corresponds to the transition from the light-ray OPE, perturbative regime described in terms of correlations between quarks and gluons to the flat, non-perturbative regime described in terms of correlations between hadrons.
↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2023)·29 citations
42*
The Entanglement of Elastic and Inelastic Scattering
Gerald A. Miller🇺🇸
The entanglement properties of systems in which elastic and inelastic reactions occur in projectile-target interactions is studied. A new measure of entanglement, the scattering entropy, based on the unitarity of the $S -$ matrix (probability conservation), is suggested. Using simple models for both low- and high-energy interactions, the amount of entanglement is found to track with the strength of the inelastic interaction. The familiar example of the classical ``black disk", total absorption, model is found to correspond to maximum entanglement. An analysis of high-energy $pp$ scattering data shows that entanglement is near maximum for lab energies greater than about 1 GeV, showing that the total absorption model is a reasonable starting point for understanding the data.
↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exquant-phPRC(2023)·21 citations
43*
Einstein-Proca theory from the Einstein-Cartan formulation
Will Barker🇬🇧 · Sebastian Zell🇧🇪
We construct a theory of gravity in which a propagating massive vector field arises from a quadratic curvature invariant. The Einstein-Cartan formulation and a partial suppression of torsion ensure the absence of ghost and strong-coupling problems, as we prove with nonlinear Lagrangian and Hamiltonian analysis. Augmenting General Relativity with a propagating torsion vector, our theory provides a purely gravitational origin of Einstein-Proca models and constrains their parameter space. As an outlook to phenomenology, we discuss the gravitational production of fermionic dark matter.
↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRD(2024)·22 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.