Thu·Jun 15, 2023Thursday·June 15, 2023

1. 01*

   Evolution of Tau-Neutrino Lepton Number in Protoneutron Stars due to Active-Sterile Neutrino Mixing

   Anupam Ray🇺🇸 · Yong-Zhong Qian🇺🇸

   We present an approximate treatment of the mixing between ${\nu }_{\tau }$ (${\bar{\nu }}_{\tau }$) and a sterile species ${\nu }_s$ (${\bar{\nu }}_s$) with a vacuum mass-squared difference of $\sim$ 10${}^2$-10${}^3$ keV${}^2$ in protoneutron stars created in core-collapse supernovae. Including production of sterile neutrinos through both resonant flavor conversion and collisions, we track the evolution of the ${\nu }_{\tau }$ lepton number due to both escape of sterile neutrinos and diffusion. Our approach provides a reasonable treatment of the pertinent processes discussed in previous studies and serves a pedagogical purpose to elucidate the relevant physics. We also discuss refinements needed to study more accurately how flavor mixing with sterile neutrinos affects protoneutron star evolution.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2023)·21 citations
2. 02*

   Quark-meson model under rotation: A functional renormalization group study

   Hao-Lei Chen🇨🇳 · Zhi-Bin Zhu🇨🇳 · Xu-Guang Huang🇨🇳

   Rapid rotation may exist in physical systems such as non-central heavy ion collisions and neutron stars. Using functional renormalization group analysis of the quark-meson model, we investigate the effects of real and imaginary rotation on the chiral phase transition. Our results confirm previous studies conducted with other model calculations and shed light on the importance of boundary conditions in the infrared region of the theory.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·35 citations
3. 03*

   Dark Matter from a Radiative Inverse Seesaw Majoron Model

   Cesar Bonilla🇨🇱 · A. E. Cárcamo Hernández🇨🇱 · Bastián Díaz Sáez🇨🇱 · Sergey Kovalenko🇨🇱 · Juan Marchant González🇨🇱

   We propose a Majoron-like extension of the Standard Model with an extra global $U(1{)}_X$-symmetry where neutrino masses are generated through an inverse seesaw mechanism at the 1-loop level. In contrast to the tree-level inverse seesaw, our framework contains dark matter (DM) candidates stabilized by a residual ${\mathcal{Z}}_2$-symmetry surviving spontaneous breaking of the $U(1{)}_X$-group. We explore the case in which the DM is a Majorana fermion. Furthermore, we provide parameter space regions allowed by current experimental constraints coming from the dark matter relic abundance, (in)direct detection, and charged lepton flavor violation.

   hep-phPLB(2023)·13 citations
4. 04*

   Phenomenological study of $J/\psi \to {\Xi }^0(\Lambda {\pi }^0){\bar{\Xi }}^0(\bar{\Lambda }\gamma )$ decays

   Peng-Cheng Hong🇨🇳 · Rong-Gang Ping🇨🇳 · Tao Luo🇨🇳 · Xiao-Rong Zhou🇨🇳 · He Li🇨🇳

   The measurement of decay parameters is one of the important goals of particle physics experiments, and the measurement serves as a probe to search for evidence of CP violation in baryonic decays. The experimental results will help advance existing theoretical research and establish new experimental objectives. In this paper, we formulate the asymmetric parameters that characterize parity violation, and then derive formulas for the measurement of CP violation. The formulae for the joint angular distribution of the full decay chain as well as the polarization observable of ${\Xi }^0$, ${\bar{\Xi }}^0$, $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda }$ are also provided for experiments. Lastly, we evaluated the sensitivity of two asymmetric parameters: ${\alpha }_{{\Xi }^0\to \Lambda {\pi }^0}$ (abbreviated as ${\alpha }_{{\Xi }^0}$) and ${\alpha }_{{\bar{\Xi }}^0\to \bar{\Lambda }\gamma }$ (abbreviated as ${\alpha }_{{\bar{\Xi }}^0}$) for future experimental measurement.

   hep-phCPC(2023)·4 citations
5. 05*

   Pseudoscalar meson decay constants and distribution amplitudes up to twist-4 in the light-front quark model

   Ahmad Jafar Arifi🇯🇵 · Ho-Meoyng Choi🇰🇷 · Chueng-Ryong Ji🇺🇸

   In the light-front quark model (LFQM) amenable to the simultaneous study of both the mass spectroscopy and the wave function related observables, we examine the decay constants and distribution amplitudes (DAs) up to the twist-4. The analysis of the heavy pseudoscalar mesons is carried out both in the $1S$ and $2S$ states. This investigation involves calculating the local and nonlocal matrix elements $⟨0|\bar{q}\Gamma q|P⟩$ using three distinct current operators $\Gamma =({\gamma }^{\mu }{\gamma }_5,i{\gamma }_5,{\sigma }^{\mu \nu }{\gamma }_5)$. Considering a general reference frame where ${\mathbf{P}}_{\perp }\ne 0$ and investigating all available current components, we examine not only the frame-independence but also the component-independence of the decay constants. The explicit findings from our study provide the evidence for the equality of the three pseudoscalar meson decay constants obtained from the three distinct current operators $\Gamma$. The notable agreement in decay constants is attained by imposing the Bakamjian-Thomas construction of the LFQM, namely the meson state is constructed by the noninteracting quark and antiquark representations while the interaction is added to the mass operator, which provides the self-consistency condition replacing the physical mass $M$ with the invariant mass $M_0$ for the noninteracting quark-antiquark representation of the meson state. In addition to obtaining the process-independent pseudoscalar meson decay constant, regardless of the choice of current operators $\Gamma$, we further demonstrate its explicit Lorentz and rotation invariance. In particular, we present the analysis conducted on the twist-4 DA derived from the minus component of the axial-vector current. Finally, we discuss the various twist DAs and their $\xi$-moments associated with the $1S$ and $2S$ heavy pseudoscalar mesons.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·15 citations
6. 06*

   $Q\bar{Q}qqq$ Quark System, Compact Pentaquark, and Gauge/String Duality (Part II)

   Oleg Andreev🇩🇪

   This is the second of two companion papers in which we continue to develop the construction of the doubly heavy pentaquark systems using the gauge/string duality. In this paper, we propose a stringy description of the $Q\bar{Q}qqq$ system in the case of two light flavors. Our goal is to explore the lower-lying Born-Oppenheimer potentials as a function of the separation distance between the heavy quark-antiquark pair. The analysis shows that the ground state Born-Oppenheimer potential is described in terms of both hadro-quarkonia and hadronic molecules. Meanwhile a standard pentaquark configuration, which describes a genuine five-quark interaction, makes the dominant contribution to a higher lying potential. This configuration has an antiquark-diquark-diquark structure $\bar{Q}[qq][Qq]$ for separations larger than $0.1\text{fm}$. The latter enables us to establish a relation among the masses of hadrons in the heavy quark limit. To describe the structure of the potentials more clear, we define some critical separations that are related to the processes of string reconnection, breaking and junction annihilation. Additionally, we consider the generalized baryon vertices, where more than three strings can meet, and explore their implications for the pentaquark systems.

   hep-phhep-lathep-thnucl-thPRD(2023)·7 citations
7. 07*

   Transverse momentum spectra of $f_0(980)$ from coalescence model

   An Gu🇺🇸 · Fuqiang Wang🇺🇸

   We use a coalescence model to generate $f_0$(980) particles for four configurations: $s\bar{s}$ meson, $u\bar{u}s\bar{s}$ tetraquark, $K^{+}{K}^{-}$ molecule and $u\bar{u}$ p-wave state. The phase-space information of the coalescing constituents is taken from a multi-phase transport (AMPT) simulation of proton-proton and proton-lead collisions at the LHC. It is shown that the transverse momentum spectra and production yields of $f_0(980)$ differ significantly among the configurations. It is suggested that the $p_T$ spectra of the $f_0(980)$ compared to those of other hadrons (such as pion) and the ratio of the $f_0(980)$ $p_T$ spectra in pPb over pp can be exploited to tell the configuration of the $f_0(980)$.

   hep-phnucl-thPLB(2024)·3 citations
8. 08*

   Plan B: New $Z^{\prime }$ models for $b\to s{l}^{+}{l}^{-}$ anomalies

   Ben Allanach🇬🇧 · Anna Mullin🇬🇧

   Measurements of $b\to s{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ transitions indicate that there may be a new physics field coupling to di-muon pairs associated with the $b$ to $s$ flavour transition. Including the 2022 LHCb reanalysis of $R_K$ and $R_{K^{\ast }}$, one infers that there may also be associated new physics in $b\to e^{+}{e}^{-}$ transitions. Here, we examine the extent of the statistical preference for $Z^{\prime }$ models coupling to di-electron pairs taking into account the relevant constraints, in particular from experiments at LEP-2. We identify an anomaly-free set of models which interpolates between the $Z^{\prime }$ not coupling to electrons at all, to one in which there is an equal $Z^{\prime }$ coupling to muons and electrons (but where in all models in the set, the $Z^{\prime }$ boson can mediate $b\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ transitions). A $3B_3-L_e-2L_{\mu }$ model provides a close-to-optimal fit to the pertinent measurements along the line of interpolation. We have (re-)calculated predictions for the relevant LEP-2 observables in terms of dimension-6 SMEFT operators and put them into the $\mathtt{flavio}$ computer program, so that they are available for global fits.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2023)·37 citations
9. 09*

   Post-inflationary production of particle Dark Matter: non-minimal Natural and Coleman--Weinberg inflationary scenarios

   Anish Ghoshal🇵🇱 · Maxim Yu. Khlopov🇫🇷 · Zygmunt Lalak🇵🇱 · Shiladitya Porey🇷🇺

   We investigate the production of non-thermal fermionic dark matter particles during the reheating era following slow roll inflation, driven by inflaton $\phi$ non-minimally coupled to the curvature scalar, $\mathcal{R}$. Two types of non-minimal couplings are considered: $\xi {\phi }^2\mathcal{R}$ for both natural (referred to as NM-N) and for Coleman-Weinberg (referred to as NM-CW) inflation, and $\alpha \left(1+\cos (\frac{\phi }{f_a})\right)$ only for natural inflation (referred to as NMP-N), where $\alpha$ and $\xi$ are dimensionless parameters and $f_a$ is an energy scale. We determine benchmark values for slow roll inflationary scenarios satisfying current bounds from Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation measurement and find the mass of inflaton to be $m_{\varphi }\sim \mathcal{O}\left(10^{12}\right)\text{GeV}$ for all three inflationary scenarios and tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r\sim 0.0177$ (for NM-N), $\sim 0.0097$ (for NMP-N), and $r\sim 0.0157$ (for NM-CW) which fall inside $1-\sigma$ contour on scalar spectral index versus $r$ plane of Planck2018+BICEP3+KeckArray2018 joint analysis, and can be probed by future CMN~observations e.g. Simons Observatory. We then show that dark matter particles produced from the decay of inflaton can fully match the present-day cold dark matter (CDM) yield, as well as other cosmological constraints, if the coupling value between inflaton and dark matter, $y_{\chi }$, and the dark matter mass, $m_{\chi }$, are within the range $10^{-1}\gtrsim y_{\chi }\gtrsim 10^{-20}$ for NM-N and NMP-N ($10^{-4}\gtrsim y_{\chi }\gtrsim 10^{-20}$ for NM-CW) and $\mathcal{O}\left(\text{keV}\right)\lesssim m_{\chi }\lesssim m_{\varphi }/2$ (for NM-N, NMP-N, and NM-CW). The exact range of $y_{\chi }$ and $m_{\chi }$ varies with different benchmark values as well as parameters of inflation, like energy scale of inflation and $r$, some of which are within reach of next-generation CMB experiments.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPLB(2025)·7 citations
10. 10*

    A string-inspired running-vacuum-model of cosmology, primordial-black-hole dark matter, and the current tensions in cosmological data

    Nick E. Mavromatos🇬🇷

    I review a cosmological model based on string-inspired gravity with anomalies and torsion, which leads to a cosmology of running-vacuum-model (RVM) type. It is argued that such a model can lead to observable, in principle, deviations from the standard $\Lambda$CDM paradigm of cosmology at late (modern) eras of the Universe evolution, contributing to an alleviation of the currently observed cosmological $H_0$ and structure-growth tensions, but also to a potential enhancement of the density of primordial black holes produced during inflation. The latter can thus play a role as dark matter components, and leave observable imprints in gravitational-wave patterns during the radiation-dominance era of the Universe.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-th1 citation
11. 11*

    Lectures on Field Theory and the Standard Model: A Symmetry-Oriented Approach

    Luis Alvarez-Gaume🇺🇸 · Miguel A. Vazquez-Mozo🇪🇸

    The standard model of particle physics represents the cornerstone of our understanding of the microscopic world. In these lectures we review its contents and structure, with a particular emphasis on the central role played by symmetries and their realization. This is not intended to be an exhaustive review but a discussion of selected topics that we find interesting, with the specific aim of clarifying some subtle points and potential misunderstandings. A number of more technical topics are discussed in separated boxes interspersed throughout the text.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phnucl-thCERN Yellow Rep.School Proc.(2025)·1 citation
12. 12*

    Neutron star matter based on a parity doublet model including the $a_0(980)$ meson

    Yuk Kei Kong🇯🇵 · Takuya Minamikawa🇯🇵 · Masayasu Harada🇯🇵

    We study the effect of the isovector-scalar meson $a_0$(980) on the properties of nuclear matter and the neutron star (NS) matter by constructing a parity doublet model with including the $a_0$ meson based on the chiral SU(2)${}_L\times$SU(2)${}_R$ symmetry. We also include the $\omega$-$\rho$ mixing contribution to adjust the slope parameter at the saturation. We find that, when the chiral invariant mass of nucleon $m_0$ is smaller than about 800 MeV, the existence of $a_0$(980) enlarges the symmetry energy by strengthening the repulsive $\rho$ meson coupling. On the other hand, for large $m_0$ where the Yukawa coupling of $a_0$(980) to nucleon is small, the symmetry energy is reduced by the effect of $\omega$-$\rho$ mixing. We then construct the equation of state (EoS) of a neutron star matter to obtain the mass-radius relation of NS. We find that, in most choices of $m_0$, the existence of $a_0$(980) stiffens the EoS and makes the radius of NS larger. We then constrain the chiral invariant mass of nucleon from the observational data of NS, and find that $580\text{ MeV}\lesssim m_0\lesssim 860\text{ MeV}$ for $L_0=57.7$ MeV.

    ↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEhep-phPRC(2023)·24 citations
13. 13*

    Radial and Non-Radial Oscillations of Inverted Hybrid Stars

    Chen Zhang🇨🇳 · Yudong Luo🇨🇳 · Hong-bo Li🇨🇳 · Lijing Shao🇨🇳 · Renxin Xu🇨🇳

    We study the radial and non-radial oscillations of Cross stars (CrSs), i.e., stars with a quark matter crust and a hadronic matter core in an inverted order compared to conventional hybrid stars. We draw comparisons of their oscillation modes with those of neutron stars, quark stars, and conventional hybrid stars. We find that the stellar stability analysis from the fundamental mode of radial oscillations, and the $g$, $f$ modes of non-radial oscillations are quite similar to those of conventional hybrid stars. However, due to the inverted stellar structure, the first non-radial $p$ mode of CrSs behaves in an inverted way and sits in a higher frequency domain compared to that of conventional hybrid stars. These results provide a direct way to discriminate CrSs from other types of compact stars via gravitational-wave probes. Specifically, compact stars emitting $g$-mode gravitational waves within the $0.5$-$1$ kHz range should be CrSs or conventional hybrid stars rather than neutron stars or pure quark stars, and a further GW detection of the first $p$ mode above 8 kHz or an identification of a decreasing trend of frequencies versus star masses associated with it will help identify the compact object to be a CrS rather than a conventional hybrid star.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SRgr-qchep-ph+1PRD(2024)·20 citations
14. 14*

    Repeated Gravitational Wave Bursts from Cosmic Strings

    Pierre Auclair🇧🇪 · Danièle A. Steer🇫🇷 · Tanmay Vachaspati🇺🇸

    A characteristic observational signature of cosmic strings are short duration gravitational wave (GW) bursts. These have been searched for by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) collaboration, and will be searched for with LISA. We point out that these burst signals are repeated, since cosmic string loops evolve quasi-periodically in time, and will always appear from essentially the same position in the sky. We estimate the number of GW repeaters for LVK and LISA, and show that the string tension that can be probed scales as detector sensitivity to the sixth power, which raises hope for detection in future GW detectors. The observation of repeated GW bursts from the same cosmic string loop helps distinguish between the GW waveform parameters and the sky-localization.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phhep-thPRD(2023)·8 citations
15. 15*

    Resonant orbits of rotating black holes beyond circularity: Discontinuity along parameter shift

    Che-Yu Chen🇯🇵 · Hsu-Wen Chiang🇹🇼 · Avani Patel🇹🇼

    According to general relativity, an isolated black hole in vacuum shall be described by the Kerr metric, whose geodesic equations are integrable. The violation of integrability leads to chaos for particles moving around the black hole. This chaotic dynamics could leave imprints on the associated gravitational waveform and could be tested with upcoming observations. In this paper, we investigate the chaotic orbital dynamics induced by the violation of a certain spacetime symmetry, the circularity. Specifically, we focus on the resonant orbits of a particular noncircular spacetime as an example and find that they form chains of Birkhoff islands on Poincaré surfaces of section. We compare the island structures with those generated in typical nonintegrable but circular spacetimes. The islands of stability induced by noncircularity appear asymmetric on the most common Poincaré surface of section at the equatorial plane. The asymmetric patterns of islands vary discontinuously when the spacetime parameters transit through integrable regions. The origin of such features is explained in the context of perturbation analysis by considering the orbits associated with stable fixed points on the section. Possible observational implications about testing circularity through gravitational wave detection are discussed.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-phnlin.CDPRD(2023)·13 citations
16. 16*

    Evolving laws and cosmological energy

    Joao Magueijo🇬🇧

    We couple the issue of evolution in the laws of physics with that of violations of energy conservation. We define evolution in terms of time variables canonically dual to ``constants'' (such as $\Lambda$, the Planck mass or the gravitational coupling), mimicking a procedure associated with one formulation of unimodular gravity. We then introduce variability via a dependence of {\it other} fundamental ``constants'' on these clocks. Although this is not needed, sharper results are obtained if this procedure violates local Lorentz invariance, which we define in the spirit of Horava-Lifshitz theories (modifying a $3+1$ split action, so that a Lorentz invariant 4D reassembly is no longer possible). We find that variability in the ``laws of physics'' generically leads to violations of energy conservation if either a matter parameter varies as a function of a gravitational clock, or a gravity parameter depends on a matter clock, with the other combinations sterile. We illustrate this with a variety of clocks (associated with matter, the speed of light, the Ricci scalar, etc) and parameters (mainly the gravitational and matter speed of light, but also the cosmological constant). We can accommodate in this construction (and improve) several early Varying Speed of Light solutions to the flatness and cosmological constant problem, allowing for variability effects related to the spatial curvature and $\Lambda$ to cause creation of radiation and a Hot Big Bang. But we can also go well beyond, for example modelling signature change by a change in the sign of $c^2$, thereby obtaining a {\it classical} realization of the Hartle-Hawking no-boundary proposal, among other developments.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRD(2023)·15 citations
17. 17*

    Stochastic fluctuations in relativistic fluids: causality, stability, and the information current

    Nicki Mullins (Illinois U., Urbana)🇺🇸 · Mauricio Hippert (Illinois U., Urbana)🇺🇸 · Jorge Noronha (Illinois U., Urbana)🇺🇸

    We develop a general formalism for introducing stochastic fluctuations around thermodynamic equilibrium which takes into account, for the first time, recent developments on the causality and stability properties of relativistic hydrodynamic theories. The method is valid for any covariantly stable theory of relativistic viscous fluid dynamics derived from a covariant maximum entropy principle. We illustrate the formalism with some applications, showing how it could be used to consistently introduce fluctuations in a model of relativistic heat diffusion, and in conformally invariant Israel-Stewart theory in a general hydrodynamic frame. The latter example is used to study the hydrodynamic frame dependence of the symmetric two-point function of fluctuations of the energy-momentum tensor.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phhep-thPRD(2023)·25 citations
18. 18*

    Stability analysis of warm quintessential dark energy model

    Suratna Das🇮🇳 · Saddam Hussain🇮🇳 · Debottam Nandi🇮🇳 · Rudnei O. Ramos🇧🇷 · Renato Silva🇧🇷

    A dynamical system analysis is performed for a model of dissipative quintessential inflation realizing warm inflation at early primordial times and dissipative interations in the dark sector at late times. The construction makes use of a generalized exponential potential realizing both phases of accelerated expansion. A focus is given on the behavior of the dynamical system at late times and the analysis is exemplified by both analytical and numerical results. The results obtained demonstrate the viability of the model as a quintessential inflation model and in which stable solutions can be obtained.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phhep-thPRD(2023)·16 citations
19. 19*

    XCC: An X-ray FEL-based $\gamma \gamma$ Compton Collider Higgs Factory

    T. Barklow🇺🇸 · C. Emma🇺🇸 · Z. Huang🇺🇸 · A. Naji🇺🇸 · E. Nanni🇺🇸 · A. Schwartzman🇺🇸 · S. Tantawi🇺🇸 · G. White (SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory)🇺🇸

    This report describes the conceptual design of a $\gamma \gamma$ Higgs factory in which 62.8 GeV electron beams collide with 1 keV X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) beams to produce colliding beams of 62.5 GeV photons. The Higgs boson production rate is 80,000 Higgs bosons per 10${}^7$ second year, roughly the same as the ILC Higgs rate at $\sqrt{s}$=250 GeV. The electron accelerator is based on cold copper distributed coupling (C${}^3$) accelerator technology. Unlike the center-of-mass energy spectra of previous optical wavelength $\gamma \gamma$ collider designs, the sharply peaked $\gamma \gamma$ center-of-mass energy spectrum of XCC produces model independent Higgs coupling measurements with precision on par with $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders. For the triple Higgs coupling measurement, the XCC center-of-mass energy can be upgraded to 380 GeV, where the cross section for $\gamma \gamma \to HH$ is twice that of $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to ZHH$ at $\sqrt{s}$=500 GeV. Design challenges are discussed, along with the R\&D to address them, including demonstrators.

    ↳ physics.acc-phhep-exhep-phJINST(2023)·20 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.