Mon·Mar 20, 2023Monday·March 20, 2023

1. 01*

   Light-front Wave Functions of Vector Mesons in an Algebraic Model

   B. Almeida-Zamora🇲🇽 · J.J. Cobos-Martínez🇲🇽 · A. Bashir🇲🇽 · K. Raya🇪🇸 · J. Rodríguez-Quintero🇪🇸 · J. Segovia🇪🇸

   Inspired by the recent development of an algebraic model which provides an adequate and unified description of the internal structure of the lowest-lying pseudo-scalar mesons, belonging both to the light quarks sector and to the one of heavy quarks, we perform its first extension to the vector-meson case. The algebraic model describes meson's structure in terms of the spectral density function that appears in a Nakanishi integral representation of the covariant quark-antiquark bound-state amplitude, \emph{i.e.}, the Bethe-Salpeter amplitude. We compute the leading-twist light-front wave functions of the $\rho (770)$, $\varphi (1020)$, $J/\psi$ and ${\rm Y}(1S)$ mesons through their connection with the parton distribution amplitudes. Among the results we present, the following are of particular interest: (i) transverse light-front wave functions can be obtained algebraically from the corresponding parton distribution amplitudes, whereas that is not the case for longitudinal light-front wave functions, which requires an intermediate step where a spectral density function must be derived from the particular parton distribution amplitude; (ii) the derived spectral density functions show marked differences between light and heavy vector mesons, the latter being narrower as compared to the former; these are also non-positive definite, although the integral over the entire curve is larger than zero as expected; and (iii) the longitudinal and transverse light-front wave functions of vector mesons with light quark content exhibit steep $x$- and $p_{\perp }^2$-dependence, while those of the $J/\psi$ and ${\rm Y}(1S)$ mesons are characterized by narrow distributions in the $x$-range but, comparatively, much more gradual fall-offs with respect to the $p_{\perp }^2$-range depicted.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-ex+1PRD(2023)·14 citations
2. 02*

   Simulation of Classical Axion Electrodynamics using COMSOL Multiphysics

   Junu Jeong🇰🇷 · Younggeun Kim🇰🇷 · Sungjae Bae🇰🇷 · Sungwoo Youn🇰🇷

   The axion is a hypothetical particle motivated to address the strong CP problem, and is one of the appealing dark matter candidates. Numerous experimental searches for dark matter axions have been proposed relying on their coupling with photons. The classical equations of motion for the axion-photon coupling are well known but need to be fully computed for complex experimental setups. The partial differential equations of axion electrodynamics can be numerically solved using finite element methods. In this work, we simulate axion electrodynamics using COMSOL Multiphyics, a commercially available simulation software, for various experimental schemes, including the dish antenna haloscope, cavity haloscope, dielectric haloscope, and axion-photon regeneration. We show that the numerical results are in good agreement with the analytical solutions.

   hep-phhep-exJ.Korean Phys.Soc.(2023)·6 citations
3. 03*

   Muon $g-2$ and non-thermal leptogenesis in $U(1{)}_{L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }}$ model

   Shintaro Eijima🇯🇵 · Masahiro Ibe🇯🇵 · Kai Murai🇯🇵

   The gauged $U(1{)}_{L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }}$ symmetry is the simplest possibility to explain the observed muon $g-2$, while being consistent with the neutrino oscillations through the seesaw mechanism. In this paper, we investigate if leptogenesis can work at the same time. At first glance, leptogenesis seems challenging because the right-handed neutrino masses are related to the $U(1{)}_{L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }}$ breaking scale of $10$-$100$GeV as required from the muon $g-2$. Contrary to this expectation, we find that non-thermal leptogenesis with the right-handed neutrino masses of $\mathcal{O}(10^7)$GeV is possible. The successful scenario results in strict predictions on the neutrino oscillation parameters, which will be tested in future experiments.

   hep-phJHEP(2023)·12 citations
4. 04*

   Reduction of two-loop Feynman integrals in parametric representation with syzygy trick

   Hongbin Wang🇨🇳

   Reduction of high-loop Feynman integrals is one of the main tasks in scatting amplitude. In this paper, a new representation of Feynman integrals proposed by Chen in [1,2] is considered. We combined Chen's method with "syzygy" trick to simplify the IBP relations, and successfully canceled the dimensional shift and the unwanted doubled propagators. Moreover, we improved the method to deal with tensor's structure. We demonstrated our method using three two-loop integrals to show our method, and presented the analytical reduction coefficients in the top-sector.

   hep-ph1 citation
5. 05*

   Nuclear decay anomalies as a signature of axion dark matter

   Xin Zhang🇨🇳 · Nick Houston🇨🇳 · Tianjun Li🇨🇳

   A number of nuclear decay anomalies have been reported in the literature, which purport to show periodic variations in the decay rates of certain radioisotopes. If these reports reflect reality, they would necessitate a seismic shift in our understanding of fundamental physics. We provide the first mechanism to explain these findings, via the misalignment mechanism of QCD axion dark matter, wherein oscillations of the effective $\theta$ angle induce periodic variation in nuclear binding energies and hence decay rates. As we expect this effect to be most pronounced in low-$Q$ systems, we analyse 12 years of tritium decay data ($Q\simeq$ 18.6 keV) taken at the European Commission's Joint Research Centre. Finding no statistically significant excess, we exclude axion decay constants below $9.4\times 10^{12}-1.8\times 10^{10}$ GeV (95% confidence level) for masses in the $1.7\times {10}^{-23}-8.7\times 10^{-21}$ eV range.

   hep-phnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2023)·19 citations
6. 06*

   Ultraviolet Sensitivity in Higgs-Starobinsky Inflation

   Sung Mook Lee🇰🇷 · Tanmoy Modak🇩🇪 · Kin-ya Oda🇯🇵 · Tomo Takahashi🇯🇵

   The general scalar-tensor theory that includes all the dimension-four terms has parameter regions that can produce successful inflation consistent with cosmological observations. This theory is in fact the same as the Higgs-Starobinsky inflation, when the scalar is identified with the Standard Model Higgs boson. We consider possible dimension-six operators constructed from non-derivative terms of the scalar field and the Ricci scalar as perturbations. We investigate how much suppression is required for these operators to avoid disrupting the successful inflationary predictions. To ensure viable cosmological predictions, the suppression scale for the sixth power of the scalar should be as high as the Planck scale. For the other terms, much smaller scales are sufficient.

   hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qchep-thJCAP(2023)·10 citations
7. 07*

   Flavonic dark matter

   Gauhar Abbas🇮🇳 · Rathin Adhikari🇮🇳 · Eung Jin Chun🇰🇷

   We first time show that a common solution to dark matter and the flavor problem of the standard model can be obtained in the framework of the ${\mathcal{Z}}_{\mathrm{N}}\times {\mathcal{Z}}_{\mathrm{M}}$ flavor symmetry where the flavonic Goldstone boson of this flavor symmetry acts as a good dark matter candidate through the misalignment mechanism. Hierarchical mass pattern of quarks and charged leptons naturally follows from the discrete symmetry. For light active neutrinos, we construct the Dirac-type mass matrix which is preferred to fit the observed neutrino oscillation data with normal hierarchy. Our model predicts the axion-like photon coupling characteristically different from the standard QCD axion, and could be probed by the future X-ray or radio observations.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2023)·11 citations
8. 08*

   Generic axion Maxwell equations: path integral approach

   Anton V. Sokolov🇬🇧 · Andreas Ringwald🇩🇪

   Using the path integral approach, we derive the low energy interactions between axions and electromagnetic field that arise in models with heavy dyons charged under a spontaneously broken global axial $U(1)$ symmetry. Hence, we obtain generic axion-Maxwell equations relevant for experimental searches. We find that the structure of the axion Maxwell equations could be significantly different compared to what is normally assumed in the literature, as the derived equations feature new axion-dependent terms including CP-violating ones. The new terms can reconcile the Peccei-Quinn solution to the strong CP problem with astrophysical axion hints, as well as give unique signatures in light-shining-through-wall and haloscope experiments. Moreover, via the latter signatures, these experiments can indirectly probe the existence of heavy dyons.

   hep-phhep-exhep-thAnnalen Phys.(2023)·20 citations
9. 09*

   Perturbative S-matrix unitarity and higher-order Lorentz violation

   Justo López-Sarrión🇪🇸 · Carlos M. Reyes🇨🇱 · César Riquelme🇨🇱

   We investigate the preservation of unitarity in a Lorentz and CPT-violating QED model containing higher-order operators. In particular, we consider modifications in the fermion sector with dimension-five operators. The higher-order operators lead to an indefinite metric and a pseudo-unitarity relation for the $S$-matrix. However, we show that the pseudo-unitarity condition can be promoted to a genuine unitarity relation by i) restricting the energies to the effective region far below the Planck mass and ii) considering stable particles to have positive metric. In the context of the optical theorem, we focus on the one-loop Bhabha and Compton scattering processes. We show that no ghost states get propagated through the cuts, thus satisfying the unitarity condition. Further, we show that discontinuities of propagators are equivalent to replacing physical Dirac functionals in the cutting equation. The physical Dirac functionals are defined to select only mode solutions of stable particles. The provided extension of Cutkosky rule may be helpful for analyzing perturbative unitarity in higher-order diagrams.

   ↳ hep-thhep-phPRD(2023)·3 citations
10. 10*

    Observation of an Inner-Shell Orbital Clock Transition in Neutral Ytterbium Atoms

    Taiki Ishiyama🇯🇵 · Koki Ono🇯🇵 · Tetsushi Takano🇯🇵 · Ayaki Sunaga🇯🇵 · Yoshiro Takahashi🇯🇵

    We observe a weakly allowed optical transition of atomic ytterbium from the ground state to the metastable state $4f^{13}5d6s^2(J=2)$ for all five bosonic and two fermionic isotopes with resolved Zeeman and hyperfine structures. This inner-shell orbital transition has been proposed as a new frequency standard as well as a quantum sensor for new physics. We find magic wavelengths through the measurement of the scalar and tensor polarizabilities and reveal that the measured trap lifetime in a three-dimensional optical lattice is 1.9(1) s, which is crucial for precision measurements. We also determine the $g$ factor by an interleaved measurement, consistent with our relativistic atomic calculation. This work opens the possibility of an optical lattice clock with improved stability and accuracy as well as novel approaches for physics beyond the standard model.

    ↳ physics.atom-phcond-mat.quant-gashep-exhep-phPRL(2023)·20 citations
11. 11*

    Three-generation solutions of equations of motion in heterotic supergravity

    Maki Takeuchi🇯🇵 · Takanao Tsuyuki🇯🇵 · Hikaru Uchida🇯🇵

    We study the generation number of massless fermions in compactifications recently found in heterotic supergravity. The internal spaces are products of two-dimensional spaces of constant curvature, and the standard embedding is not assumed. The generation number is constrained by the equations of motion and the Bianchi identity. In the case that the Euler characteristics of the three internal submanifolds are $(2,-2,-2)$, the generation number is three or less. We also show that three-generation solutions exist for arbitrary Euler characteristics of the negatively curved 2-manifolds, and we present some explicit solutions.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phPRD(2023)·4 citations
12. 12*

    On Production of Excited Kaluza-Klein States in Large Radius Compactification Scenario

    Jnanadeva Maharana🇮🇳

    Production of exotic states at LHC is considered in the large radius compactification scenario. We envisage a five dimensional theory for a scalar field in five dimensional flat spacetime. It is compactified on a circle, $S^1$, with radius, $R$. The radius is assumed to be in TeV scale appealing to LRC hypothesis. The production of Kaluza-Klein states whose masses lie in the vicinity of TeV range is considered. Instead of appealing to any specific model, bounds on inelastic cross sections and near forward differental cross section are derived from the Lehmann-Symanzik-Zimmermann (LSZ) formulation. We consider decompactified theory should compactification radius be large enough to unravel the fifth spacial dimension in LHC energy scale. Bounds on cross sections are also derived for this scenario. We present bounds on inclusive cross sections for reactions like $a+b\to c+X$, X being unobserved states. We plot the bounds as a function of energy and propose that these bounds might be useful for search of exotic states in LHC experiments like ATLAS and CMS.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.A(2023)·0 citations
13. 13*

    Model-independent bubble wall velocities in local thermal equilibrium

    Wen-Yuan Ai🇬🇧 · Benoit Laurent🇨🇦 · Jorinde van de Vis🇳🇱

    Accurately determining bubble wall velocities in first-order phase transitions is of great importance for the prediction of gravitational wave signals and the matter-antimatter asymmetry. However, it is a challenging task which typically depends on the underlying particle physics model. Recently, it has been shown that assuming local thermal equilibrium can provide a good approximation when calculating the bubble wall velocity. In this paper, we provide a model-independent determination of bubble wall velocities in local thermal equilibrium. Our results show that, under the reasonable assumption that the sound speeds in the plasma are approximately uniform, the hydrodynamics can be fully characterized by four quantities: the phase strength ${\alpha }_n$, the ratio of the enthalpies in the broken and symmetric phases, ${\Psi }_n$, and the sound speeds in both phases, $c_s$ and $c_b$. We provide a code snippet that allows for a determination of the wall velocity and energy fraction in local thermal equilibrium in any model. In addition, we present a fit function for the wall velocity in the case $c_s=c_b=1/\sqrt{3}$.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2023)·123 citations
14. 14*

    Geometric Resolution of Schwarzschild Horizon

    Ibrahima Bah🇺🇸 · Pierre Heidmann🇺🇸

    We provide the first example of a geometric transition that resolves the Schwarzschild black hole into a smooth microstructure in eleven-dimensional supergravity on a seven-torus. The geometry is indistinguishable from a Schwarzschild black hole dressed with a scalar field in four dimensions, referred to as a Schwarzschild scalarwall. In eleven dimensions, the scalar field arises as moduli of the torus. The resolution occurs at an infinitesimal scale above the horizon, where it transitions to a smooth bubbling spacetime supported by M2-brane flux.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phPRD(2024)·33 citations
15. 15*

    Gravitational radiation with kinetic recoil

    Morgan H. Lynch🇮🇱

    In this manuscript, we examine the gravitational radiation emitted by binary systems using an Unruh-DeWitt detector coupled to gravitons. Recoil is incorporated into the system via a kinetic energy term in the energy gap of the detector. We find a splitting of the gravitational wave frequency due to the recoil. Implications for the recoil velocity and force are discussed.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-thPRD(2023)·1 citation

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.