Fri·Feb 17, 2023Friday·February 17, 2023

1. 01*

   Holographic light dilaton at the conformal edge

   Jesús Cruz Rojas🇰🇷 · Deog Ki Hong🇰🇷 · Sang Hui Im🇰🇷 · Matti Järvinen🇰🇷

   We study a simple holographic model for gauge theories near the conformal edge to show that the dilaton can be parametrically lighter than any other composite states. The masses of all composite states, except the Nambu-Goldstone bosons like dilaton, are bounded by the infrared scale or the dynamical mass. The parametric dependence of the dilaton mass is controlled by the closeness of the anomalous dimension of the quark bilinear, that breaks spontaneously the scale symmetry, to the conformality. We also show in the holographic dual that under certain assumptions, the dilaton saturates at low energy the anomalous Ward identity for the dilatation currents.

   hep-phhep-thJHEP(2023)·18 citations
2. 02*

   Complete One-loop Renormalization-group Equations in the Seesaw Effective Field Theories

   Yilin Wang🇨🇳 · Di Zhang🇨🇳 · Shun Zhou🇨🇳

   In this paper, we derive the complete set of one-loop renormalization-group equations (RGEs) for the operators up to dimension-six (dim-6) in the seesaw effective field theories (SEFTs). Two kinds of contributions to those RGEs are identified, one from double insertions of the dimension-five (dim-5) Weinberg operator and the other from single insertions of the tree-level dim-6 operators in the SEFTs. A number of new results are presented. First, as the dim-5 Weinberg operator is unique in the standard model effective field theory (SMEFT), its contributions to the RGEs for the SEFTs are equally applicable to the SMEFT. We find the full contributions from the Weinberg operator to one-loop RGEs in the SMEFT, correcting the results existing in previous works, and confirm that those from dim-6 operators are consistent with the results in the literature. Second, in the type-I SEFT, we give the explicit expressions of the RGEs of all the physical parameters involved in the charged- and neutral-current interactions of leptons. Third, the RGEs are numerically solved to illustrate the running behaviors of the non-unitary parameters, mixing angles and CP-violating phases in the non-unitary leptonic flavor mixing matrix. Together with the one-loop matching results of the dim-5 and dim-6 operators and their Wilson coefficients, the present work has established a self-consistent framework up to dim-6 to investigate low-energy phenomena of three types of seesaw models at the one-loop level.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2023)·14 citations
3. 03*

   Elimination of QCD Renormalization Scale and Scheme Ambiguities

   Sheng-Quan Wang🇨🇳 · Stanley J. Brodsky🇺🇸 · Xing-Gang Wu🇨🇳 · Jian-Ming Shen🇨🇳 · Leonardo Di Giustino🇮🇹

   The setting of the renormalization scale (${\mu }_r$) in the perturbative QCD (pQCD) is one of the crucial problems for achieving precise fixed-order pQCD predictions. The conventional prescription is to take its value as the typical momentum transfer $Q$ in a given process, and theoretical uncertainties are then evaluated by varying it over an arbitrary range. The conventional scale-setting procedure introduces arbitrary scheme-and-scale ambiguities in fixed-order pQCD predictions. The principle of maximum conformality (PMC) provides a systematic way to eliminate the renormalization scheme-and-scale ambiguities. The PMC method has rigorous theoretical foundations; it satisfies the renormalization group invariance (RGI) and all of the self-consistency conditions derived from the renormalization group. The PMC has now been successfully applied to many physical processes. In this paper, we summarize recent PMC applications, including event shape observables and heavy quark pair production near the threshold region in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilation and top-quark decay at hadronic colliders. In addition, estimating the contributions related to the uncalculated higher-order terms is also summarized. These results show that the major theoretical uncertainties caused by different choices of ${\mu }_r$ are eliminated, and the improved pQCD predictions are thus obtained, demonstrating the generality and applicability of the PMC.

   hep-phUniverse(2023)·4 citations
4. 04*

   Search for the anomalous $ZZZ$ and $ZZ\gamma$ gauge couplings through the process $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to ZZ$ with unpolarized and polarized beams

   V. Cetinkaya🇹🇷 · S. Spor🇹🇷 · E. Gurkanli🇹🇷 · M. Köksal🇹🇷

   This work offers the constraints on the anomalous neutral triple gauge couplings for the process $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to ZZ$ at the CLIC with $\sqrt{s}=3$ TeV. The realistic CLIC detector environments and their effects are considered in our analysis. The study is planned for the decays of produced $Z$ bosons to a pair of charged leptons (electrons or muons) and neutrino pairs. The bounds on the anomalous neutral triple gauge couplings defining $CP$-violating $C_{\tilde{B}W}/{\Lambda }^4$ coupling and three $CP$-conserving $C_{WW}/{\Lambda }^4$, $C_{BW}/{\Lambda }^4$, and $C_{BB}/{\Lambda }^4$ couplings are obtained. Also, the effects and advantages of polarization for incoming electron beams in these calculations are investigated.

   hep-phEur.Phys.J.Plus(2024)·5 citations
5. 05*

   Probing Cosmic Neutrino Background Charge via Unconventional Interferometer

   Chrisna Setyo Nugroho🇹🇼

   If neutrinos carry non-zero electric charge, they would interact directly with photons. This would induce a phase shift along the photon path in the optical experiment. We propose a novel idea to detect this phase shift induced by cosmic neutrino background (CNB) and the photon interaction using laser interferometry experiment. We show that our setup can probe the CNB neutrino charge in the order of $10^{-18}e-10^{-17}e$. This is quite competitive with the existing upper bound on neutrino charge from both laboratory experiments and astrophysical observations.

   hep-phPhys.Dark Univ.(2024)·8 citations
6. 06*

   On the BSM reach of four top production at the LHC

   Anisha🇬🇧 · Oliver Atkinson🇬🇧 · Akanksha Bhardwaj🇬🇧 · Christoph Englert🇬🇧 · Wrishik Naskar🇬🇧 · Panagiotis Stylianou🇩🇪

   Many scenarios of beyond the Standard Model (BSM) physics give rise to new top-philic interactions that can be probed at proton machines such as the Large Hadron Collider through a variety of production and decay modes. On the one hand, this will enable a detailed determination of the BSM model's parameters when a discovery is made and additional sensitivity in non-dominant production modes can be achieved. On the other hand, the naive narrow width approximation in dominant production modes such as gluon fusion might be inadequate for some BSM parameter regions due to interference effects, effectively making less dominant production modes more relevant in such instances. In this work, we consider both these questions in the context of four top quark final states at the LHC. Firstly, we show that the SM potential can be enhanced through the application of targeted Graph Neural Network techniques that exploit data correlations beyond cut-and-count approaches. Secondly, we show that destructive interference effects that can degrade BSM sensitivity of top-philic states from gluon fusion are largely avoided by turning to four top final states. This achieves considerable exclusion potential for, e.g., the two Higgs doublet model. This further motivates four top final states as sensitive tools for BSM discovery in the near future of the LHC.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2023)·23 citations
7. 07*

   Saturon Dark Matter

   Gia Dvali🇩🇪

   Saturons are macroscopic objects with maximal microstate entropy. Due to this property, they can be produced via quantum transitions from a homogeneous thermal bath, bypassing the standard exponential suppression characteristic of ordinary extended objects. In this sense, saturons carry an advantage with respect to other macroscopic objects such as black holes and ordinary solitons. Due to unsuppressed thermal production, saturons can have interesting cosmological implications. In particular they can serve as viable dark matter candidates with some unique features. Unlike ordinary particle dark matter, the superheavy saturons can freeze-in at very low temperatures. A nucleation of a saturon can be described in terms of a saturated instanton. This has implications for various phase transitions.

   hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qchep-th14 citations
8. 08*

   Properties of Infinite Nuclear Medium from QCD Sum Rules and the Neutron Star-Black Hole Mass Gap

   Bijit Singha🇮🇳 · Debasish Das🇮🇳 · Leonard S. Kisslinger🇺🇸

   A non-perturbative framework is provided to connect QCD with nuclear phenomenology in the intermediate and high density regime. Using QCD Sum Rules, in-medium scalar and vector self-energies of nucleons are calculated as functions of the density of an infinite nuclear medium. The self-energies are used in the relativistic mean field theory lagrangian of a high-density nuclear medium to find the binding energy of in-medium nucleons and the value of light quark condensate, $⟨\bar{q}q{⟩}_{\mathrm{vac}}=-(0.288\mathrm{GeV}{)}^3$, in the Borel-improved resummation scheme. The critical mass of an ideal neutron star is obtained by coupling a uniform saturation energy density of cold, dense nuclear matter to Einstein equation in hydrostatic equilibrium. Since it is less likely for a neutron star core to avoid deconfinement and enter the rigid vector repulsion phase where the speed of sound can smoothly approach from conformal to causal limit, a gap should exist in the stellar mass spectrum, $[3.48M_{\odot },5.47M_{\odot }]$, where it would be rare to find any isolated, cold, non-rotating neutron star or a black hole.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEnucl-exnucl-th2 citations
9. 09*

   Analytical dispersive parameterization for S-wave $\pi \pi$ and $\pi K$ scattering

   Volodymyr Biloshytskyi🇩🇪 · Igor Danilkin🇩🇪 · Xiu-Lei Ren🇩🇪 · Marc Vanderhaeghen🇩🇪

   In this proceeding, we illustrate the applicability of a new parameterization of the S-wave amplitude on the example of the $\pi \pi \to \pi \pi$ and $\pi K\to \pi K$ lattice data ($m_{\pi }\sim 240$ MeV) from the HadSpec collaboration. The applied parameterization follows from the dispersive representation for the inverse scattering amplitude. The left-hand cut contribution is parametrized by the series in a suitably constructed conformal variable. The crucial input in the analysis is the Adler zero, whose position we extracted from the chiral perturbation theory at next-to-leading order with the uncertainties propagated from the low-energy constants.

   hep-phhep-lat1 citation
10. 10*

    Probing chirality structure in lepton-flavour-violating Higgs decay $h\to \tau \mu$ at the LHC

    Mayumi Aoki🇯🇵 · Shinya Kanemura🇯🇵 · Michihisa Takeuchi🇨🇳 · Lalu Zamakhsyari🇯🇵

    A phenomenological study for determining the chirality structure in lepton-flavor-violating Higgs (hLFV) decays $h\to \tau \mu$ at the LHC is presented. We estimate the effects of the $\tau$ polarization in the analysis andthe importance of determining the relative visible momentum ratio $x$, and show the analysis with a collinear mass $m_{col1}$ by assuming one missing particle is appropriate. We find that the sensitivity would be generically affected up to $\pm$ $4-6$~\% in terms of the BR$(h\to \tau \mu )$ upper bound, and show the altered bounds on the $(|y_{\mu \tau }|,|y_{\tau \mu }|)$ plane. We further study the benchmark scenarios, and demonstrate the sensitivity study for the chirality structure using the relative visible momentum ratio. We find that the two fully polarized cases, the ${\tau }_R$ and ${\tau }_L$ scenarios consistent with the recently reported excess, are distinguishable at 2$\sigma$ level for 1000~fb${}^{-1}$. We also show that a further improved study potentially provides a similar sensitivity already for 139~fb${}^{-1}$.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·6 citations
11. 11*

    Here Comes the Sun: Solar Parameters in Long-Baseline Accelerator Neutrino Oscillations

    Peter B. Denton🇺🇸 · Julia Gehrlein🇺🇸

    Long-baseline (LBL) accelerator neutrino oscillation experiments, such as NOvA and T2K in the current generation, and DUNE-LBL and HK-LBL in the coming years, will measure the remaining unknown oscillation parameters with excellent precision. These analyses assume external input on the so-called ``solar parameters,'' ${\theta }_{12}$ and $\Delta m_{21}^2$, from solar experiments such as SNO, SK, and Borexino, as well as reactor experiments like KamLAND. Here we investigate their role in long-baseline experiments. We show that, without external input on $\Delta m_{21}^2$ and ${\theta }_{12}$, the sensitivity to detecting and quantifying CP violation is significantly, but not entirely, reduced. Thus long-baseline accelerator experiments can actually determine $\Delta m_{21}^2$ and ${\theta }_{12}$, and thus all six oscillation parameters, without input from \emph{any} other oscillation experiment. In particular, $\Delta m_{21}^2$ can be determined; thus DUNE-LBL and HK-LBL can measure both the solar and atmospheric mass splittings in their long-baseline analyses alone. While their sensitivities are not competitive with existing constraints, they are very orthogonal probes of solar parameters and provide a key consistency check of a less probed sector of the three-flavor oscillation picture. Furthermore, we also show that the true values of $\Delta m_{21}^2$ and ${\theta }_{12}$ play an important role in the sensitivity of other oscillation parameters such as the CP violating phase $\delta$.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2023)·14 citations
12. 12*

    Neutrino mass hierarchy from the discrete dark matter model

    Cesar Bonilla🇨🇱 · Johannes Herms🇩🇪 · Omar Medina🇪🇸 · Eduardo Peinado🇲🇽

    We explore a possible explanation for the hierarchy in scale between the atmospheric and solar neutrino mass differences ($|\Delta m_{31}^2|$, and $\Delta m_{21}^2$) through the presence of two distinct neutrino mass mechanisms from tree- and one-loop-level contributions. We demonstrate that the ingredients needed to explain this hierarchy are present in the minimal discrete dark matter model [arXiv:2301.10811]. This scenario is characterized by adding new RH neutrinos and scalar $SU(2)$ doublets to the Standard Model as triplet representations of an $A_4$ flavour symmetry. The $A_4$ symmetry breaking, which occurs at the electroweak scale, leads to a residual ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ symmetry responsible for the dark matter stability and dictates the neutrino phenomenology. We show that CP breaking in the scalar potential is needed to fit the neutrino mixing angles.

    hep-phhep-thPoS(2024)·0 citations
13. 13*

    Higgs-portal dark matter from non-supersymmetric strings

    Esau Cervantes🇵🇱 · Omar Perez-Figueroa🇲🇽 · Ricardo Perez-Martinez🇲🇽 · Saul Ramos-Sanchez🇲🇽

    Large classes of non-supersymmetric string models equipped with standard-model features have been constructed, but very little of their phenomenology is known. Interestingly, their spectra exhibit scalar fields whose only couplings to observed particles is through a multi-Higgs sector. On the other hand, bottom-up models with Higgs portals offer still an acceptable framework for dark matter. We explore realizations of such Higgs portals in promising heterotic orbifold models without supersymmetry. We find that a sample model includes Higgs vacua that are stable at one-loop, in which the Higgs sector is compatible with particle-physics observations and a scalar can account for the measured dark matter abundance. In such vacua, interesting constraints on the masses of the dark matter candidate and the heavy Higgs sector are uncovered. These compelling results are not limited to string models, as they can be embedded in similarly motivated bottom-up schemes.

    hep-phhep-thPRD(2023)·7 citations
14. 14*

    Neutrino Structure Functions from GeV to EeV Energies

    Alessandro Candido🇮🇹 · Alfonso Garcia🇺🇸 · Giacomo Magni🇳🇱 · Tanjona Rabemananjara🇳🇱 · Juan Rojo🇳🇱 · Roy Stegeman🇬🇧

    The interpretation of present and future neutrino experiments requires accurate theoretical predictions for neutrino-nucleus scattering rates. Neutrino structure functions can be reliably evaluated in the deep-inelastic scattering regime within the perturbative QCD (pQCD) framework. At low momentum transfers ($Q^2\le \mathrm{few}$ GeV${}^2$), inelastic structure functions are however affected by large uncertainties which distort event rate predictions for neutrino energies $E_{\nu }$ up to the TeV scale. Here we present a determination of neutrino inelastic structure functions valid for the complete range of energies relevant for phenomenology, from the GeV region entering oscillation analyses to the multi-EeV region accessible at neutrino telescopes. Our NNSF$\nu$ approach combines a machine-learning parametrisation of experimental data with pQCD calculations based on state-of-the-art analyses of proton and nuclear parton distributions (PDFs). We compare our determination to other calculations, in particular to the popular Bodek-Yang model. We provide updated predictions for inclusive cross sections for a range of energies and target nuclei, including those relevant for LHC far-forward neutrino experiments such as FASER$\nu$, SND@LHC, and the Forward Physics Facility. The NNSF$\nu$ determination is made available as fast interpolation LHAPDF grids, and can be accessed both through an independent driver code and directly interfaced to neutrino event generators such as GENIE.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEhep-exnucl-ex+1JHEP(2023)·58 citations
15. 15*

    Profiling Cold New Early Dark Energy

    Juan S. Cruz🇩🇰 · Steen Hannestad🇩🇰 · Emil Brinch Holm🇩🇰 · Florian Niedermann🇸🇪 · Martin S. Sloth🇩🇰 · Thomas Tram🇩🇰

    Recent interest in New Early Dark Energy (NEDE), a cosmological model with a vacuum energy component decaying in a triggered phase transition around recombination, has been sparked by its impact on the Hubble tension. Previous constraints on the model parameters were derived in a Bayesian framework with Markov-chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. In this work, we instead perform a frequentist analysis using the profile likelihood in order to assess the impact of prior volume effects on the constraints. We constrain the maximal fraction of NEDE $f_{\mathrm{NEDE}}$, finding $f_{\mathrm{NEDE}}=0.076_{-0.035}^{+0.040}$ at $68\%$ CL with our baseline dataset and similar constraints using either data from SPT-3G, ACT or full-shape large-scale structure, showing a preference over $\Lambda$CDM even in the absence of a SH0ES prior on $H_0$. While this is stronger evidence for NEDE than obtained with the corresponding Bayesian analysis, our constraints broadly match those obtained by fixing the NEDE trigger mass. Including the SH0ES prior on $H_0$, we obtain $f_{\mathrm{NEDE}}=0.136_{-0.026}^{+0.024}$ at $68\%$ CL. Furthermore, we compare NEDE with the Early Dark Energy (EDE) model, finding similar constraints on the maximal energy density fractions and $H_0$ in the two models. At $68\%$ CL in the NEDE model, we find $H_0=69.56_{-1.29}^{+1.16}{\text{ km s}}^{-1}{\text{ Mpc}}^{-1}$ with our baseline and $H_0=71.62_{-0.76}^{+0.78}{\text{ km s}}^{-1}{\text{ Mpc}}^{-1}$ when including the SH0ES measurement of $H_0$, thus corroborating previous conclusions that the NEDE model provides a considerable alleviation of the $H_0$ tension.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phhep-thPRD(2023)·39 citations
16. 16*

    Searching for phase transitions in neutron stars with modified Gaussian processes

    Debora Mroczek🇺🇸 · M. Coleman Miller🇺🇸 · Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler🇺🇸 · Nicolas Yunes🇺🇸

    Gaussian processes provide a promising framework by which to extrapolate the equation of state (EoS) of cold, catalyzed matter beyond $1-2$ times nuclear saturation density. Here we discuss how to extend Gaussian processes to include nontrivial features in the speed of sound, such as bumps, kinks, and plateaus, which are predicted by nuclear models with exotic degrees of freedom. Using a fully Bayesian analysis incorporating measurements from X-ray sources, gravitational wave observations, and perturbative QCD results, we show that these features are compatible with current constraints and report on how the features affect the EoS posteriors.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEgr-qchep-phnucl-thJ.Phys.Conf.Ser.(2023)·15 citations
17. 17*

    Generalised Uncertainty Relations from Finite-Accuracy Measurements

    Matthew J. Lake🇩🇪 · Marek Miller🇩🇰 · Ray Ganardi · Tomasz Paterek

    In this short note we show how the Generalised Uncertainty Principle (GUP) and the Extended Uncertainty Principle (EUP), two of the most common generalised uncertainty relations proposed in the quantum gravity literature, can be derived within the context of canonical quantum theory, without the need for modified commutation relations. A GUP-type relation naturally emerges when the standard position operator is replaced by an appropriate Positive Operator Valued Measure (POVM), representing a finite-accuracy measurement that localises the quantum wave packet to within a spatial region ${\sigma }_g>0$. This length scale is the standard deviation of the envelope function, $g$, that defines the POVM elements. Similarly, an EUP-type relation emerges when the standard momentum operator is replaced by a POVM that localises the wave packet to within a region ${\tilde{\sigma }}_g>0$ in momentum space. The usual GUP and EUP are recovered by setting ${\sigma }_g\simeq \sqrt{\hslash G/c^3}$, the Planck length, and ${\tilde{\sigma }}_g\simeq \hslash \sqrt{\Lambda /3}$, where $\Lambda$ is the cosmological constant. Crucially, the canonical Hamiltonian and commutation relations, and, hence, the canonical Schrödinger and Heisenberg equations, remain unchanged. This demonstrates that GUP and EUP phenomenology can be obtained without modified commutators, which are known to lead to various pathologies, including violation of the equivalence principle, violation of Lorentz invariance in the relativistic limit, the reference frame-dependence of the `minimum' length, and the so-called soccer ball problem for multi-particle states.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phquant-phFront.Astron.Space Sci.(2023)·6 citations
18. 18*

    Problems with Modified Commutators

    Matthew J. Lake🇹🇭 · A. Watcharapasorn🇹🇭

    The purpose of this paper is to challenge the existing paradigm on which contemporary models of generalised uncertainty relations (GURs) are based, that is, the assumption of modified commutation relations. We review an array of theoretical problems that arise in modified commutator models, including those that have been discussed in depth and others that have received comparatively little attention, or have not been considered at all in the existing literature, with the aim of stimulating discussion on these topics. We then show how an apparently simple assumption can solve, or, more precisely, evade these issues, by generating GURs without modifying the basic form of the canonical Heisenberg algebra. This simplicity is deceptive, however, as the necessary assumption is found to have huge implications for the quantisation of space-time and, therefore, gravity. These include the view that quantum space-time should be considered as a quantum reference frame (QRF) and, crucially, that the action scale characterising the quantum effects of gravity, $\beta$, must be many orders of magnitude smaller than Planck's constant, $\beta \sim 10^{-61}\times \hslash$, in order to recover the present day dark energy density. We argue that these proposals should be taken seriously, as a potential solution to the pathologies that plague minimum length models based on modified commutators, and that their implications should be explored as thoroughly as those of the existing paradigm, which has dominated research in this area for almost three decades.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phquant-phFront.Astron.Space Sci.(2023)·2 citations
19. 19*

    $K^{\ast 0}$ meson production using a transport and a statistical hadronization model at energies covered by the RHIC beam energy scan

    Aswini Kumar Sahoo🇮🇳 · Md. Nasim🇮🇳 · Subhash Singha🇨🇳

    In this paper, we discuss the centrality and energy dependence of $K^{\ast 0}$ resonance production using ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics (UrQMD) and thermal models. The $K^{\ast 0}/K$ ratios obtained from the UrQMD and thermal models are compared with measurements done by the STAR experiment in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 7.7, 11.5, 14.5, 19.6, 27, and 39 GeV. The $K^{\ast 0}/K$ ratio from the thermal model is consistent with data in most-peripheral collisions, however it overpredicts the ratio in central Au+Au collisions. This could be due to the fact that the thermal model does not have a hadronic rescattering phase, which is expected to be dominant in more central collisions. Furthermore, we have studied the $K^{\ast 0}/K$ ratio from UrQMD by varying the hadron propagation time ($\tau$) within the range 5 to 50 fm/c. It was found that the $K^{\ast 0}/K$ ratio decreases with increasing $\tau$. Comparison between data and UrQMD suggest, one needs to consider a $\tau$ $\approx$ 10-50 fm/c to explain data at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 7.7-39 GeV in Au+Au collisions. We also predict the rapidity distribution of $K^{\ast 0}$ from UrQMD which could be measured in the STAR beam energy scan phase II (BES-II) program.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exPRC(2023)·14 citations
20. 20*

    On the Structure of Trans-Series in Quantum Field Theory

    Marcos Marino🇨🇭 · Ramon Miravitllas🇨🇭 · Tomás Reis🇮🇹

    Many observables in quantum field theory can be expressed in terms of trans-series, in which one adds to the perturbative series a typically infinite sum of exponentially small corrections, due to instantons or to renormalons. Even after Borel resummation of the series in the coupling constant, one has to sum this infinite series of small exponential corrections. It has been argued that this leads to a new divergence, which is sometimes called the divergence of the OPE. We show that, in some interesting examples in quantum field theory, the series of small exponential corrections is convergent, order by order in the coupling constant. In particular, we give numerical evidence for this convergence property in the case of the free energy of integrable asymptotically free theories, which has been intensively studied recently in the framework of resurgence. Our results indicate that, in these examples, the Borel resummed trans-series leads to a well defined function, and there are no further divergences.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phmath-phmath.MPSIGMA(2025)·20 citations
21. 21*

    Heavy Quark Diffusion from 2+1 Flavor Lattice QCD with 320 MeV Pion Mass

    Luis Altenkort🇩🇪 · Olaf Kaczmarek🇩🇪 · Rasmus Larsen🇳🇴 · Swagato Mukherjee🇺🇸 · Peter Petreczky🇺🇸 · Hai-Tao Shu🇩🇪 · Simon Stendebach🇩🇪

    We present the first calculations of the heavy flavor diffusion coefficient using lattice QCD with light dynamical quarks. For temperatures $195\mathrm{MeV}<T<352\mathrm{MeV}$, the heavy quark spatial diffusion coefficient is found to be significantly smaller than previous quenched lattice QCD and recent phenomenological estimates. The result implies very fast hydrodynamization of heavy quarks in the quark-gluon plasma created during ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collision experiments.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPRL(2023)·112 citations
22. 22*

    An Effective Model for the Cosmic-Dawn 21-cm Signal

    Julian B. Muñoz🇺🇸

    The 21-cm signal holds the key to understanding the first structure formation during cosmic dawn. Theoretical progress over the last decade has focused on simulations of this signal, given the nonlinear and nonlocal relation between initial conditions and observables (21-cm or reionization maps). Here, instead, we propose an {\it effective} and fully analytic model for the 21-cm signal during cosmic dawn. We take advantage of the exponential-like behavior of the local star-formation rate density (SFRD) against densities at early times to analytically find its correlation functions including nonlinearities. The SFRD acts as the building block to obtain the statistics of radiative fields (X-ray and Lyman-$\alpha$ fluxes), and therefore the 21-cm signal. We implement this model as the public Python package Zeus21. This code can fully predict the 21-cm global signal and power spectrum in $\sim 1$ s, with negligible memory requirements. When comparing against state-of-the-art semi-numerical simulations from 21CMFAST we find agreement to $\sim 10\%$ precision in both the 21-cm global signal and power spectra, after accounting for a (previously missed) underestimation of adiabatic fluctuations in 21CMFAST. Zeus21 is modular, allowing the user to vary the astrophysical model for the first galaxies, and interfaces with the cosmological code CLASS, which enables searches for beyond standard-model cosmology in 21-cm data. This represents a step towards bringing 21-cm to the era of precision cosmology.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.GAhep-phMNRAS(2023)·70 citations
23. 23*

    Acoustic metric and Planck constants

    G.E. Volovik🇫🇮

    Based on Akama-Diakonov (AK) theory of emergent tetrads, it was suggested\cite{Volovik2023b} that one can introduce two Planck constants, which are the parameters of the corresponding components of Minkowski metric. In the AK theory, the interval $ds$ is dimensionless, as a result the metric elements and thus the Planck constants have nonzero dimensions. The Planck constant $\hslash$ has dimension of time, and the second Planck constant $\hslash$ has dimension of length. It is natural to compare $\hslash$ with the Planck length $l_{\mathrm{P}}$, which is related to the Newton constant as $l_{\mathrm{P}}^2=\hslash G$. However, this connection remains an open question, because the microscopic (trans-Planckian) physics of the quantum vacuum is not known. Here we study this question using the effective gravity emerging for sound wave quanta (phonons) in superfluid Bose liquid, such as ${}^4$He, where the microscopic physics is known: it is atomic physics. The elements of the effective acoustic metric are determined by the parameters of this Bose liquid, and as in the AK theory, the interval $ds$ is dimensionless. One may introduce the effective "acoustic Planck constants" as elements of acoustic metric, $g_{\mathrm{ac}}^{\mu \nu }=\mathrm{diag}(-{\hslash }_{\mathrm{ac}}^2,{\hslash }_{\mathrm{ac}}^2,{\hslash }_{\mathrm{ac}}^2,{\hslash }_{\mathrm{ac}}^2)$. Then one obtains that the acoustic Planck constant ${\hslash }_{\mathrm{ac}}$ has dimension of length, and in liquid helium it is on the order of the interatomic distance in this liquid, ${\hslash }_{\mathrm{ac}}\sim a$. This supports the scenario in which the Planck constant in the relativistic quantum vacuum is on the order of the Planck length, $\hslash \sim l_{\mathrm{P}}\sim G$. We also use the acoustic metric for consideration of the possible dependence of the Planck constant on the Hubble parameter in expanding Universe.

    ↳ cond-mat.othergr-qchep-phPisma Zh.Eksp.Teor.Fiz.(2023)·3 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.