Fri·Feb 3, 2023Friday·February 3, 2023

1. 01*

   N-particle irreducible actions for stochastic fluids

   Jingyi Chao🇨🇳 · Thomas Schaefer🇺🇸

   We construct one- and two-particle irreducible (1PI and 2PI) effective actions for the stochastic fluid dynamics of a conserved density undergoing diffusive motion. We compute the 1PI action at one-loop order, and the 2PI action in two-loop approximation. We derive a set of Schwinger-Dyson equations, and regularize the resulting equations using Pauli-Villars fields. We numerically solve the Schwinger-Dyson equations for a non-critical fluid. We find that higher-loop effects summed by the Schwinger-Dyson renormalize the non-linear coupling. We also find indications of a diffuson-cascade, the appearance $n$-loop corrections with smaller and smaller exponential suppression.

   hep-phnucl-thJHEP(2023)·5 citations
2. 02*

   Searching for a dark matter particle with anti-protonic atoms

   M. Doser🇨🇭 · G. Farrar🇺🇸 · G. Kornakov🇵🇱

   A wide range of dark matter candidates have been proposed and are actively being searched for in a large number of experiments, both at high (TeV) and low (sub meV) energies. One dark matter candidate, a deeply bound $uuddss$ sexaquark, $S$, with mass $\sim 2$ GeV (having the same quark content as the hypothesized H-dibaryon, but long lived) is particularly difficult to explore experimentally. In this paper, we propose a scheme in which such a state could be produced at rest through the formation of $\bar{p}{-}^3$He antiprotonic atoms and their annihilation into $S$ + $K^{+}{K}^{+}{\pi }^{-}$, identified both through the unique tag of a S=+2, Q=+1 final state, as well as through full kinematic reconstruction of the final state recoiling against it.

   hep-phnucl-exnucl-thEPJC(2023)·7 citations
3. 03*

   QCD NLO corrections to $t\bar{t}Z$ production at the LHC including leptonic decays

   Laura Reina🇺🇸

   The calculation of $t\bar{t}Z$ production including leptonic decays of both $Z$ boson and top quarks via a partially or fully off-shell calculation represents a definite step forward towards a more accurate description of events whose signatures originate from $t\bar{t}Z$ production. In this talk we review two studies that represent the state of the art of theoretical modeling of $t\bar{t}Z$ production by either performing the NLO QCD calculation of the fully decayed $pp\to e^{+}{\nu }_e{\mu }^{-}{\bar{\nu }}_{\mu }b\bar{b}{\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$ process (see Ref. [1]) or matching the NLO QCD calculation of $pp\to t\bar{t}{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ to parton shower, including top-quark decays with approximate LO spin correlation (see Ref.[2]).

   hep-ph0 citations
4. 04*

   Coupling a Cosmic String to a TQFT

   T. Daniel Brennan🇺🇸 · Sungwoo Hong🇺🇸 · Lian-Tao Wang🇺🇸

   A common framework of particle physics consists of two sectors of particles, such as the Standard Model and a dark sector, with some interaction between them. In this work, we initiate the study of a qualitatively different setup in which one of the sectors is a topological quantum field theory (TQFT). Instead of particles, the physics of a TQFT only manifests itself in non-trivial spacetime topologies. Topological defects provide a natural place to investigate such effects. In particular, we consider two possible ways in which axionic cosmic strings can interact with a Zn TQFT. One of them, by extending the structure of the axion coupling, leads to specific predictions for the localized degrees of freedom on the cosmic string, which can in turn effect their evolution and leave observable signals. The second approach, by gauging a discrete subgroup of the axionic shift symmetry, leads to dramatic changes in the string spectrum. We stress that the scenario considered here should be regarded as a plausible way for new physics to arise since it can be the low energy effective field theory for quite generic scenarios at high energies. To demonstrate this point and further illustrate the physical implications, we constructed such UV completions for both of the cases of couplings to TQFTs. The detailed prediction for observable signals of such scenarios needs further investigation. At the same time, our results demonstrate that there are rich new phenomena in this scenario.

   hep-phhep-thJHEP(2024)·41 citations
5. 05*

   Nonlinear Regge trajectories and saturation of the Hagedorn spectrum

   István Szanyi🇭🇺 · Tamás Biró🇭🇺 · László Jenkovszky🇺🇦 · Vladyslav Libov🇺🇦

   We argue that two seemingly different phenomena, namely the well-known saturation of the Hagedorn exponential distribution and the less familiar saturation of Regge trajectories at resonance masses $m\approx$ 2-2.5 GeV are related and have the same origin: quark deconfinement. We show that the slope of the real part of non-linear Regge trajectories determines the prefactor $f(m)$ in Hagedorn's resonance mass density distribution $\rho (m)$. While the Hagedorn distribution comes from statistics, Regge trajectories contain dynamics.

   hep-phPRC(2023)·2 citations
6. 06*

   Study of the $DK$ interaction with femtoscopic correlation functions

   Zhi-Wei Liu🇨🇳 · Jun-Xu Lu🇨🇳 · Li-Sheng Geng🇨🇳

   The $DK$ interaction in isospin zero is known to be attractive to such an extent that a bound state can be generated, which can be associated with the mysterious $D_{s0}^{\ast }(2317)$. In this work, we calculate the $DK$ femtoscopic correlation function in the coupled-channel framework for different source sizes that can directly probe the strongly attractive $DK$ interaction, which is otherwise inaccessible due to the unstable nature of $D$ and $K$ mesons, and therefore can help elucidate the nature of $D_{s0}^{\ast }(2317)$. We further generalize the study of source size dependence to various interactions, ranging from repulsive, weakly attractive, moderately attractive, and strongly attractive, in a square-well model. We hope that our study can motivate future experimental measurements of the $DK$ correlation function and other interactions relevant to the understanding of the nature of the many exotic hadrons discovered so far.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2023)·68 citations
7. 07*

   Incoherent diffractive dijet production in electron DIS off nuclei at high energy

   Benjamin Rodriguez-Aguilar🇮🇹 · D. N. Triantafyllopoulos🇮🇹 · S. Y. Wei🇨🇳

   We study incoherent diffractive dijet production in electron-nucleus deep inelastic scattering at small $x_{\mathrm{Bj}}$ within the Color Glass Condensate. We follow the general approach of [1] but we focus on the correlation limit, that is, when the momentum transfer ${\Delta }_{\perp }$ and the gluon saturation momentum $Q_s$ of the nucleus are much smaller than the individual jet momentum $P_{\perp }$. We arrive at analytic expressions for the dijet cross section, which can be written as a sum of four terms which exhibit factorization: each such term is a product between a hard factor, which includes the decay of the virtual photon to the $q\bar{q}$ pair, and a semi-hard one which involves the dipole-nucleus scattering amplitude. We further calculate the azimuthal anisotropies $⟨\cos 2\varphi ⟩$ and $⟨\cos 4\varphi ⟩$. They are of the same order in the hard momentum $P_{\perp }$, but the $⟨\cos 4\varphi ⟩$ is logarithmically suppressed due to its dependence on the semi-hard factor. Finally, in order to extend the validity of our result towards the perturbative domain, we calculate the first higher kinematic twist, i.e. the correction of relative order ${\Delta }_{\perp }^2/P_{\perp }^2$.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·15 citations
8. 08*

   A Bayesian tune of the Herwig Monte Carlo event generator

   Salvatore La Cagnina🇩🇪 · Kevin Kröninger🇩🇪 · Stefan Kluth🇩🇪 · Andrii Verbytskyi🇩🇪

   The optimisation (tuning) of the free parameters of Monte Carlo event generators by comparing their predictions with data is important since the simulations are used to calculate experimental efficiency and acceptance corrections, or provide predictions for signatures of hypothetical new processes in experiments. We present a tuning procedure that is based on Bayesian reasoning and that allows for a proper statistical interpretation of the results. The parameter space is fully explored using Markov Chain Monte Carlo. We apply the tuning procedure to the Herwig7 event generator with both the cluster and the string hadronization models and a large set of measurements from hadronic Z-boson decays produced at LEP in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collisions. Furthermore, we introduce a coherent propagation of uncertainties from the realm of parameters to the realm of observables and we show the effects of including experimental correlations of the measurements. To allow comparison with the approaches of other groups, we repeat the tuning considering weights for individual measurements.

   hep-phhep-exJINST(2023)·8 citations
9. 09*

   On the fermionic couplings of axionic dark matter

   Christopher Smith🇫🇷

   In the non-relativistic limit, two types of dark matter axion interactions with fermions are thought to dominate: one is induced by the spatial gradient of the axion field and called the axion wind, and the other by the time-derivative of the axion field, generating axioelectric effects. By generalizing Schiff theorem, it is demonstrated that this latter operator is actually strongly screened. For a neutral fermion, it can be entirely rotated away and is unobservable. For charged fermions, the only effect that can peek through the screening is an axion-induced electric dipole moment (EDM). These EDMs are not related to the axion coupling to gluons, represent a prediction of the Dirac theory analogous to the g = 2 magnetic moments, are not further screened by the original Schiff theorem, and are ultimately responsible for inducing the usual axioelectric ionization. The two main phenomenological consequences are then that first the axion-induced neutron EDM could be several orders of magnitude larger than expected from the axion gluonic coupling, and second, that the electron EDM could also become available, and could actually be highly sensitive to relic axions.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEEPJC(2024)·17 citations
10. 10*

    Constraining rare B decays by ${\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}\to tc$ at future lepton colliders

    Sichun Sun🇨🇳 · Qi-Shu Yan🇨🇳 · Xiaoran Zhao🇮🇹 · Zhijie Zhao🇨🇳

    Motivated by the recent rare B decays measurements, we study the matching procedure of operators $O_9,O_{10}$ in the low energy effective Hamiltonian and operators in the Standard Model effective theory (SMEFT). It is noticed that there are more related operators in the SMEFT whose coefficients can not be determined only from the low-energy data from B physics. We demonstrate how to determine these coefficients with some new physics models, like $Z^{\prime }$ model and leptoquark models, and then consider how to probe these operators of SMEFT at high energy by using the process ${\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}\to tc$ at future muon colliders, which can provide complementary information except for ${\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}\to bs$ on the underlying models which lead to rare B decay processes. We perform a Monte Carlo study (a hadron level analysis) to show how to separate the signal events from the SM background events and estimate the sensitivity to the Wilson coefficients for different models.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·19 citations
11. 11*

    Strong decays of $T_{c\bar{s}0}(2900{)}^{++/0}$ as a fully open-flavor tetraquark state

    Ding-Kun Lian🇨🇳 · Wei Chen🇨🇳 · Hua-Xing Chen🇨🇳 · Ling-Yun Dai🇨🇳 · T. G. Steele🇨🇦

    We have studied the strong decay properties of the recently observed $T_{c\bar{s}0}^a(2900{)}^{++/0}$ by considering it as a $cu\bar{d}\bar{s}/cd\bar{u}\bar{s}$ fully open-flavor tetraquark state with $I(J^P)=1(0^{+})$. In the framework of QCD sum rules, we have calculated the three-point correlation functions of the two-body strong decay processes $T_{c\bar{s}0}^a(2900{)}^{++}\to D_s^{+}{\pi }^{+}$, $D^{+}{K}^{+},D_s^{\ast +}{\rho }^{+}$ and $D_{s1}^{+}{\pi }^{+}$. The full width of $T_{c\bar{s}0}^a(2900{)}^{++/0}$ is obtained as $161.7\pm 94.8$ MeV, which is consistent with the experimental observation. We predict the relative branching ratios as $\Gamma (T\to D_s\pi ):\Gamma (T\to DK):\Gamma (T\to D_s^{\ast }\rho ):\Gamma (T\to D_{s1}\pi )\approx 1.00:1.10:0.04:0.43$, implying that the main decay modes of $T_{c\bar{s}0}^a(2900{)}^{++/0}$ state are $D_s\pi$ and $DK$ channels in our calculations. However, the $P$-wave decay mode $D_{s1}\pi$ is also comparable and important by including the uncertainties. To further identify the nature of $T_{c\bar{s}0}^a(2900{)}^{++/0}$, we suggest confirming them in the $DK$ and $D_s\pi$ final states, and measuring the above ratios in future experiments.

    hep-phhep-exEPJC(2024)·86 citations
12. 12*

    Tomography of pions and protons via transverse momentum dependent distributions

    P. C. Barry🇺🇸 · L. Gamberg🇺🇸 · W. Melnitchouk🇺🇸 · E. Moffat🇺🇸 · D. Pitonyak🇺🇸 · A. Prokudin🇺🇸 · N. Sato🇺🇸

    We perform the first simultaneous extraction of parton collinear and transverse degrees of freedom from low-energy fixed-target Drell-Yan data in order to compare the transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the pion and proton. We demonstrate that the transverse separation of the quark field encoded in TMDs of the pion is more than $4\sigma$ smaller than that of the proton. Additionally, we find the transverse separation of the quark field decreases as its longitudinal momentum fraction decreases. In studying the nuclear modification of TMDs, we find clear evidence for a transverse EMC effect. We comment on possible explanations for these intriguing behaviors, which call for a deeper examination of tomography in a variety of strongly interacting quark-gluon systems.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-thPRD(2023)·49 citations
13. 13*

    On the widths of $\eta (1295)$ and $\eta (1405/1475)$

    Yin Cheng🇨🇳 · Lin Qiu🇨🇳 · Qiang Zhao🇨🇳

    Based on the assignment of the first radial excitation states of the isoscalar pseudoscalars for $\eta (1295)$ and $\eta (1405/1475)$, we investigate their three-body and four-body decay contributions to the total widths. In agreement with our previous studies we find that the triangle singularity (TS) mechanism arising from the intermediate $K^{\ast }\bar{K}$ rescatterings by exchanging a kaon or pion plays a crucial role in both $K\bar{K}\pi$ and $\eta \pi \pi$ channels. For the ${\eta }_X$ (${\eta }_X$ stands for $\eta (1295)$ and $\eta (1405/1475)$) decays into $K\bar{K}\pi$, we find that although the transition ${\eta }_X\to K^{\ast }\bar{K}+c.c.\to K\bar{K}\pi$ is the dominant tree-level process, the productions of the intermediate $K\bar{\kappa }+c.c.$ and $a_0(980)\pi$ are strongly enhanced by the TS mechanism. For the ${\eta }_X$ decays into $\eta \pi \pi$, we find that the production of the intermediate $a_0(980)\pi$ via the triangle transition is the dominant one for $\eta (1295)$ partly because of the large $\eta (1295)K^{\ast }\bar{K}$ coupling. In contrast, the tree-level and triangle loop contributions are compatible and dominant in the $\eta (1405/1475)$ decays into $\eta \pi \pi$. It shows that a combined analysis is useful for disentangling the underlying dynamics for these two states.

    hep-phhep-ex5 citations
14. 14*

    Using k-means assistant event selection strategy to study anomalous quartic gauge couplings at muon colliders

    Shuai Zhang🇨🇳 · Ji-Chong Yang🇨🇳 · Yu-Chen Guo🇨🇳

    The search for new physics beyond the Standard Model is one of the central problems of current high energy physics interest. As the luminosities of current and near-future colliders continue to increase, the search for new physics has increased the requirements for processing large amounts of data. Meanwhile, quantum computing which is rapidly evolving, has great potential to become a powerful tool to help search for new physics signals. Since the k-means algorithm is known to be able to be accelerated with the help of quantum computing, we investigate and propose an event selection strategy based on k-means algorithm to search for new physics signals. Taking the case of tri-photon processes at the muon colliders as an example, the event selection strategy is shown to be effective in helping to search for the signals of dimension-8 operators contributing to anomalous quartic gauge couplings. Compared with traditional event selection strategy, the expected constraints are generally tighter.

    hep-phEPJC(2024)·16 citations
15. 15*

    LEX-EFT: The Light Exotics Effective Field Theory

    Linda M. Carpenter🇺🇸 · Taylor Murphy🇺🇸 · Matthew J. Smylie🇺🇸

    We propose the creation of a Light Exotics Effective Field Theory (LEX-EFT) catalog. LEX-EFT is a generic framework to capture all interactions between the Standard Model (SM) and all (or at least a large class of) theoretically allowed exotic states beyond the Standard Model (bSM), indexed by their SM and bSM charges. These states are light enough to be on or nearly on shell in some collider processes. This framework, which subsumes beyond the Standard Model paradigms as generally as possible, is meant to extend recent successful implementations of bSM EFTs and complement e.g. the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT), which can capture the off-shell effects of exotic fields. In this work, we review a general method for the construction of a complete list of gauge-invariant operators involving SM interactions with light exotics via iterative tensor product decomposition, up to the desired order in mass dimension. Each operator is characterized by specific Clebsch-Gordan coefficients determined by the charge flow; we show how this charge flow affects the range of EFT validity and cross sections associated with an effective operator. We create an example catalog of exotic scalars coupling to SM gauge boson pairs, and we highlight some operators with exotic weak $\mathrm{SU}(2{)}_{\text{L}}$ charges that can produce spectacular LHC phenomenology. We further demonstrate the utility of the LEX-EFT approach with several examples of effects on kinematic distributions and cross sections that would not be captured by EFTs agnostic to the exotic degrees of freedom and may evade the main inclusive collider searches tailored to the existing preferred set of standard bSM theories.

    hep-phJHEP(2023)·9 citations
16. 16*

    How to determine the branch points of correlation functions in Euclidean space II: Three-point functions

    Markus Q. Huber🇩🇪 · Wolfgang J. Kern🇦🇹 · Reinhard Alkofer🇦🇹

    The analytic structure of elementary correlation functions of a quantum field is relevant for the calculation of masses of bound states and their time-like properties in general. In quantum chromodynamics, the calculation of correlation functions for purely space-like momenta has reached a high level of sophistication, but the calculation at time-like momenta requires refined methods. One of them is the contour deformation method. Here we describe how to employ it for three-point functions. The basic mechanisms are discussed for a scalar theory, but they are the same for more complicated theories and are thus relevant, e.g., for the three-gluon or quark-gluon vertices of quantum chromodynamics. Their inclusion in existing truncation schemes is a crucial step for investigating the analytic structure of elementary correlation functions of quantum chromodynamics and the calculation of its spectrum from them.

    hep-phSymmetry(2023)·9 citations
17. 17*

    SmeftFR v3 -- Feynman rules generator for the Standard Model Effective Field Theory

    A. Dedes🇬🇷 · J. Rosiek🇵🇱 · M. Ryczkowski🇵🇱 · K. Suxho🇬🇷 · L. Trifyllis🇬🇷

    We present version 3 of SmeftFR, a Mathematica package designed to generate the Feynman rules for the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) including the complete set of gauge invariant operators up to dimension-6 and the complete set of bosonic operators of dimension-8. Feynman rules are generated with the use of FeynRules package, directly in the physical (mass eigenstates) basis for all fields. The complete set of interaction vertices can be derived, including all or any chosen subset of SMEFT operators. As an option, the user can also choose preferred gauge fixing, generating Feynman rules in unitary or $R_{\xi }$-gauges. The novel feature in version-3 of SmeftFR is its ability to calculate SMEFT interactions consistently up to dimension-8 in EFT expansion (including quadratic dimension-6 terms) and express the vertices directly in terms of user-defined set of input-parameters. The derived Lagrangian in the mass basis can be exported in various formats supported by FeynRules, such as UFO, FeynArts etc. Initialisation of numerical values of Wilson coefficients of higher dimension operators is interfaced to WCxf format. The package also includes a dedicated Latex generator allowing to print the result in clear human-readable form. The SmeftFR v3 is publicly available at www.fuw.edu.pl/smeft.

    hep-phComput.Phys.Commun.(2024)·41 citations
18. 18*

    $Z^{\prime }$-Tandem Mechanism for the Suppression of New Physics in Quark Mixing with Implications for K, D and B Decays

    Andrzej J. Buras🇩🇪

    $Z^{\prime }$ models belong to the ones that can most easily explain the anomalies in $b\to s{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ transitions. However, such an explanation by a single $Z^{\prime }$ gauge boson, as done in the literature, is severly constrained by the $B_s^0-{\bar{B}}_s^0$ mixing. Also the recent finding, hat the mass differences $\Delta M_s$, $\Delta M_d$, the CP-violating parameter ${\epsilon }_K$, and the mixing induced CP-asymmetries $S_{\psi K_S}$ and $S_{\psi \varphi }$ can be simultaneously well described within the SM without new physics (NP) contributions, is a challenge for $Z^{\prime }$ models with a single $Z^{\prime }$ contributing at tree-level to quark mixing. We point out that including a second $Z^{\prime }$ in the model allows to eliminate simultaneously tree-level contributions to the five $\Delta F=2$ observables used in the determination of the CKM parameters while leaving the room for NP in $\Delta M_K$ and $\Delta M_D$. The latter one can be removed at the price of infecting $\Delta M_s$ or $\Delta M_d$ by NP which is presently disfavoured. This pattern is transparently seen using the new mixing matrix for $Z^{\prime }$ interactions with quarks. This strategy allows significant tree-level contributions to $K$, $B_s$ and $B_d$ decays thereby allowing to explain the existing anomalies in $b\to s{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ transitions and the anticipated anomaly in the ratio ${\epsilon }^{\prime }/\epsilon$ much easier than in $Z^{\prime }$-Single scenarios. The proposed $Z^{\prime }$-Tandem mechanism bears some similarities to the GIM mechanism for the suppression of the FCNCs in the SM with the role of the charm quark played here by the second $Z^{\prime }$. However, it differs from the latter profoundly in that only NP contributions to quark mixing are eliminated at tree-level. We discuss briefly the implied flavour patterns in $K$ and $B$ decay observables in this NP scenario.

    hep-phhep-exhep-lat2 citations
19. 19*

    Analytic approximations of $2\to 2$ processes with massive internal particles

    Joshua Davies🇬🇧 · Go Mishima🇯🇵 · Kay Schönwald🇨🇭 · Matthias Steinhauser🇩🇪

    We consider two-loop corrections to $2\to 2$ scattering processes with massive particles in the final state and massive particles in the loop. We discuss the combination of analytic expansions in the high-energy limit and for small Mandelstam variable~$t$. For the example of double Higgs boson production we show that the whole phase space can be covered and time-consuming numerical integrations can be avoided.

    hep-phJHEP(2023)·37 citations
20. 20*

    The Euclidean Adler Function and its Interplay with $\Delta {\alpha }_{\mathrm{QED}}^{\mathrm{had}}$ and ${\alpha }_s$

    M. Davier🇫🇷 · D. Díaz-Calderón🇪🇸 · B. Malaescu🇫🇷 · A. Pich🇪🇸 · A. Rodríguez-Sánchez🇮🇹 · Z. Zhang🇫🇷

    Three different approaches to precisely describe the Adler function in the Euclidean regime at around $2\mathrm{GeVs}$ are available: dispersion relations based on the hadronic production data in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilation, lattice simulations and perturbative QCD (pQCD). We make a comprehensive study of the perturbative approach, supplemented with the leading power corrections in the operator product expansion. All known contributions are included, with a careful assessment of uncertainties. The pQCD predictions are compared with the Adler functions extracted from $\Delta {\alpha }_{\mathrm{QED}}^{\mathrm{had}}(Q^2)$, using both the DHMZ compilation of $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ data and published lattice results. Taking as input the FLAG value of ${\alpha }_s$, the pQCD Adler function turns out to be in good agreement with the lattice data, while the dispersive results lie systematically below them. Finally, we explore the sensitivity to ${\alpha }_s$ of the direct comparison between the data-driven, lattice and QCD Euclidean Adler functions. The precision with which the renormalisation group equation can be tested is also evaluated.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latJHEP(2023)·21 citations
21. 21*

    High-precision regressors for particle physics

    Fady Bishara🇩🇪 · Ayan Paul🇺🇸 · Jennifer Dy🇺🇸

    Monte Carlo simulations of physics processes at particle colliders like the Large Hadron Collider at CERN take up a major fraction of the computational budget. For some simulations, a single data point takes seconds, minutes, or even hours to compute from first principles. Since the necessary number of data points per simulation is on the order of $10^9$ - $10^{12}$, machine learning regressors can be used in place of physics simulators to significantly reduce this computational burden. However, this task requires high-precision regressors that can deliver data with relative errors of less than $1\%$ or even $0.1\%$ over the entire domain of the function. In this paper, we develop optimal training strategies and tune various machine learning regressors to satisfy the high-precision requirement. We leverage symmetry arguments from particle physics to optimize the performance of the regressors. Inspired by ResNets, we design a Deep Neural Network with skip connections that outperform fully connected Deep Neural Networks. We find that at lower dimensions, boosted decision trees far outperform neural networks while at higher dimensions neural networks perform significantly better. We show that these regressors can speed up simulations by a factor of $10^3$ - $10^6$ over the first-principles computations currently used in Monte Carlo simulations. Additionally, using symmetry arguments derived from particle physics, we reduce the number of regressors necessary for each simulation by an order of magnitude. Our work can significantly reduce the training and storage burden of Monte Carlo simulations at current and future collider experiments.

    ↳ physics.comp-phcs.LGhep-exhep-ph+1Sci.Rep.(2024)·3 citations
22. 22*

    Oracle-Preserving Latent Flows

    Alexander Roman🇺🇸 · Roy T. Forestano🇺🇸 · Konstantin T. Matchev🇺🇸 · Katia Matcheva🇺🇸 · Eyup B. Unlu🇺🇸

    We develop a deep learning methodology for the simultaneous discovery of multiple nontrivial continuous symmetries across an entire labelled dataset. The symmetry transformations and the corresponding generators are modeled with fully connected neural networks trained with a specially constructed loss function ensuring the desired symmetry properties. The two new elements in this work are the use of a reduced-dimensionality latent space and the generalization to transformations invariant with respect to high-dimensional oracles. The method is demonstrated with several examples on the MNIST digit dataset.

    ↳ cs.LGhep-phmath.GRstat.ML4 citations
23. 23*

    Nuclear response to dark matter signals in Ge and Xe odd-mass targets

    M. M. Saez🇯🇵 · O. Civitarese🇦🇷 · T. Tarutina🇦🇷 · K. Fushimi🇯🇵

    Abstract: The interaction of dark matter particles (WIMPs) with the odd-mass ${}^{73}$Ge and ${}^{131}$Xe target nuclei ,{ {that is the recoil rates corresponding to the elastic scattering of WIMPs by these nuclei}}, is analysed in the context of the minimal extensions of the SUSY model. The BCS+QRPA technique plus the quasiparticle-phonon coupling scheme is used to describe the nuclear structure part of the calculations. The resulting values for the nuclear spin content of both nuclei are compared to values previously reported in the literature.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phIJMPE(2023)·1 citation
24. 24*

    Linear stability analysis of Israel-Stewart theory in the case of a nonzero background charge

    Julia Sammet🇩🇪 · Markus Mayer🇩🇪 · Dirk H. Rischke🇩🇪

    Linear stability of Israel-Stewart theory in the presence of net-charge diffusion was investigated in [Phys.~Rev.~D 102 (2020) 116009] for the case of a massless, classical gas of noninteracting particles. However, in that work only a vanishing net-charge background was considered. In this work, we extend that study to the case of a nonvanishing background charge. We find that this effectively results in a change of the numeric value of the charge-diffusion coefficient, in a way that when the background charge goes to infinity, this coefficient can become at most four times its value at zero background charge. We also extend the analysis of [Phys.~Rev.~D 102 (2020) 116009] by performing a systematic parameter study in the plane of charge-diffusion coefficient vs.\ the coupling term between shear-stress and net-charge diffusion. In this plane, we identify regions where the solutions remain stable and causal and where they become acausal and/or unstable.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phnucl-thPRD(2023)·16 citations
25. 25*

    On Nonlinear Black Hole Ringdowns from Gauge-Invariance and Measurements

    Alex Kehagias🇬🇷 · Antonio Riotto🇨🇭

    It has been recently shown that nonlinear effects emerging at the time of the generation of the quasi-normal modes are necessary to model ringdowns from black hole mergers. In this note, we describe how nonlinerarities also arise when defining gauge-invariant tensor modes and in the calculation of the observable measured in the interferometers beyond linear order.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-th7 citations
26. 26*

    More on massive gravitino scattering amplitudes and the unitarity cutoff of the new Fayet-Iliopoulos terms

    Ignatios Antoniadis🇫🇷 · Jules Cunat🇫🇷 · Anthony Guillen🇫🇷

    We extend the $2\to 2$ gravitino scattering amplitude computed in [1] to an arbitrary $\mathcal{N}=1$ supergravity model of one chiral and one vector multiplet, in a Minkowski background with supersymmetry breaking driven by both $F$- and $D$-terms. We find that the cancellation of the leading term in $\mathcal{O}({\kappa }^2{E}^4/|m_{3/2}{|}^2)$, that would lead to a breakdown of perturbative unitarity at a scale $\Lambda \sim M_{\mathrm{SUSY}}$, is a consequence of the vanishing of the scalar potential at its minimum, which is implied by the flat background. We then analyse the inclusion of the new Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) terms. We find that, since they modify the scalar potential without contributing to the amplitudes, they generically lead to uncanceled leading terms in the latter and a perturbative cutoff at the supersymmetry breaking scale, except for particular cases where the new FI term does not modify the potential at its minimum and the cutoff is pushed up to the Planck scale.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phJHEP(2023)·3 citations
27. 27*

    Methods for high-precision determinations of radiative-leptonic decay form factors using lattice QCD

    Davide Giusti🇩🇪 · Christopher F. Kane🇺🇸 · Christoph Lehner🇩🇪 · Stefan Meinel🇺🇸 · Amarjit Soni🇺🇸

    We present a study of lattice-QCD methods to determine the relevant hadronic form factors for radiative leptonic decays of pseudoscalar mesons. We provide numerical results for $D_s^{+}\to {\ell }^{+}\nu \gamma$. Our calculation is performed using a domain-wall action for all quark flavors and on a single RBC/UKQCD lattice gauge-field ensemble. The first part of the study is how to best control two sources of systematic error inherent in the calculation, specifically the unwanted excited states created by the meson interpolating field, and unwanted exponentials in the sum over intermediate states. Using a 3d sequential propagator allows for better control over unwanted exponentials from intermediate states, while using a 4d sequential propagator allows for better control over excited states. We perform individual analyses of the 3d and 4d methods as well as a combined analysis using both methods, and find that the 3d sequential propagator offers good control over both sources of systematic uncertainties for the smallest number of propagator solves. From there, we further improve the use of a 3d sequential propagator by employing an infinite-volume approximation method, which allows us to calculate the relevant form factors over the entire allowed range of photon energies. We then study improvements gained by performing the calculation using a different three-point function, using ratios of three-point functions, averaging over positive and negative photon momentum, and using an improved method for extracting the structure-dependent part of the axial form factor. The optimal combination of methods yields results for the $D_s^{+}\to {\ell }^{+}\nu \gamma$ structure-dependent vector and axial form factors in the entire kinematic range with statistical plus fitting uncertainties of order 5%, using 25 gauge configurations with 64 samples per configuration.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPRD(2023)·25 citations
28. 28*

    Pauli-Villars' regularization of ghosts in path-integral string formulation

    Yuri Makeenko🇷🇺

    I consider Pauli-Villars' regulators for the ghosts in the path-integral string formulation and show how they preserve conformal invariance. I calculate the regulator contributions to the effective action and to the central charge and demonstrate the consistency of the mean-field quantization of the Nambu-Goto string in $2<d\le 26$. The higher-derivative corrections to the Liouville action are briefly considered for the Pauli-Villars and proper-time regularizations.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phmath-phmath.MPJHEP(2023)·4 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.