Tue·Jan 3, 2023Tuesday·January 3, 2023

1. 01*

   Vector dark matter in supercooled Higgs portal models

   Mads T. Frandsen🇩🇰 · Matti Heikinheimo🇫🇮 · Mattias E. Thing🇩🇰 · Kimmo Tuominen🇫🇮 · Martin Rosenlyst🇬🇧

   We consider extensions of the Standard Model by a hidden sector consisting of a gauge field coupled with a scalar field. Assuming the absence of dimensionful parameters in the tree level potential, radiative symmetry breaking will make the hidden sector gauge field massive and induce the electroweak scale of the Standard Model. We consider separately dark sector gauge groups $U(1{)}_{\mathrm{D}}$ and $SU(2{)}_{\mathrm{D}}$, and focus on probing the models with a combination of direct detection experiments and gravitational wave observatories. We find that recent dark matter direct detection results significantly constrain the parameter space of the models where they can account for the observed dark matter relic density via freeze-out. The gravitational wave signals originating from strongly first order electroweak phase transition in these models can be probed in future gravitational wave observatories such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna. We show how the projected results compliment direct detection experiments and can help probe parameter space near the neutrino floor of direct detection.

   hep-phhep-thPRD(2023)·19 citations
2. 02*

   Higgs Boson Mass Corrections at Three-Loops in the Top-Yukawa Sector of the Standard Model

   E. A. Reyes R.🇨🇴 · A. R. Fazio🇨🇴

   The search for new physics signals in Higgs precision measurements plays a pivotal role in the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) and future colliders programs. The Higgs properties are expected to be measured with great experimental precision, implying higher-order perturbative computations of the electroweak parameters from the theoretical side. In particular, the renormalized Higgs boson mass parameter in the Standard Model shows significant variation around the electroweak scale, resulting in a lower-bound theoretical uncertainty that exceeds future collider expectations. A more stable result under the renormalization group can be computed from a non-zero external momentum Higgs self-energy, for which available calculations include 3-loop corrections in the QCD sector. In this work, we present an additional contribution by estimating the leading non-QCD 3-loop corrections to the mass of the Higgs boson in the top-Yukawa sector of order $y_t^6$. The momentum-dependent Higgs self-energy is computed in the tadpole-free scheme for the Higgs vacuum expectation value in the Landau gauge, and the explicit dependence upon the Higgs boson and top quark masses is shown. The obtained result is expressed in dimensional regularization as a superposition of a set of master integrals with coefficients that are free of poles in four space-time dimensions, and the corrections are evaluated numerically by the sector decomposition method.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·3 citations
3. 03*

   Semileptonic $D$ Meson Decays $D\to P/V/S{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$ with the SU(3) Flavor Symmetry/Breaking

   Ru-Min Wang · Yue-Xin Liu · Chong Hua · Jin-Huan Sheng · Yuan-Guo Xu

   Many exclusive $c\to d/s{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }(\ell =e,\mu ,\tau )$ transitions have been well measured, and they can be used to test the theoretical calculations. Motivated by this, we study the $D\to P/V/S{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$ decays induced by the $c\to d/s{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$ transitions with the SU(3) flavor symmetry approach, where $P$ denotes the pseudoscalar meson, $V$ denotes the vector meson, and $S$ denotes the scalar meson with a mass below $1$ $GeV$. The different decay amplitudes of the $D\to P{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$, $D\to V{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$ or $D\to S{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$ decays can be related by using the SU(3) flavor symmetry and by considering the SU(3) flavor breaking. Using the present data of $D\to P/V/S{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$, we predict the not yet measured or not yet well measured processes in the $D\to P/V/S{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$ decays. We find that the SU(3) flavor symmetry approach works well in the semileptonic $D\to P/V{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$ decays. For the $D\to S{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$ decays, only the decay $D_s^{+}\to f_0(980)e^{+}{\nu }_e$ has been measured, the branching ratios of the $D_s^{+}\to f_0(980)e^{+}{\nu }_e$ and $D\to S(S\to P_1{P}_2){\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$ decays are used to constrain the nonperturbative parameters and then predict not yet measured $D\to S{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$ decays, in addition, the two quark and the four quark scenarios for the light scalar mesons are analyzed. The SU(3) flavor symmetry predictions of the $D\to S{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$ decays need to be further tested, and our predictions of the $D\to S{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$ decays are useful for probing the structure of light scalar mesons. Our results in this work could be used to test the SU(3) flavor symmetry approach in the semileptonic $D$ decays by the future experiments at BESIII, LHCb and BelleII.

   hep-phNPB(2023)·10 citations
4. 04*

   Four-body Semileptonic Charm Decays $D\to P_1{P}_2{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$ Based on SU(3) Flavor Analysis

   Ru-Min Wang🇨🇳 · Yi Qiao🇨🇳 · Yi-Jie Zhang🇨🇳 · Xiao-Dong Cheng🇨🇳 · Yuan-Guo Xu🇨🇳

   Motivated by the significant experimental progress in probing semileptonic decays $D\to P_1{P}_2{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }(\ell =\mu ,e)$, we analyze the branching ratios of the $D\to P_1{P}_2{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$ decays with the non-resonant, the light scalar meson resonant and the vector meson resonant contributions in this work. We obtain the hadronic amplitude relations between different decay modes by the SU(3) flavor analysis, and then predict relevant branching ratios of the $D\to P_1{P}_2{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$ decays by the present experimental data with $2\sigma$ errors. Most of our predicted branching ratios are consistent with present experimental data within $2\sigma$ error bars, and others are consistent with the data within $3\sigma$ error bars. We find that some branching ratios of the non-resonant decays are on the order of $\mathcal{O}(10^{-3}-10^{-4})$, the vector meson resonant contributions are dominant in many decays, the non-resonant, the vector meson resonant and the scalar resonant contributions are all important in the $D^0\to \eta {\pi }^{-}{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$ decays, and both the non-resonant and the scalar resonant contributions are important in the $D^0\to K^{-}{K}^0{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell },{\eta }^{\prime }{\pi }^{-}{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$ and $D^{+}\to {\overline{K}}^0{K}^0{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell },{\pi }^0{\pi }^0{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell },\eta {\pi }^0{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell },{\eta }^{\prime }{\pi }^0{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$ decays. According to our predictions, many decay modes could be observed in the experiments like BESIII, LHCb and BelleII, and some decay modes might be measured in these experiments in near future.

   hep-phhep-ex12 citations
5. 05*

   Blazar boosted Dark Matter -- direct detection constraints on ${\sigma }_{e\chi }$ : Role of energy dependent cross sections

   Supritha Bhowmick🇮🇳 · Diptimoy Ghosh🇮🇳 · Divya Sachdeva🇫🇷

   Elastic collisions with relativistic electrons from the blazar's jet can accelerate dark matter (DM) particles in the DM spike surrounding the supermassive black hole at its center. This can allow one to set stringent limits on the DM-electron scattering cross section (${\bar{\sigma }}_{e\chi }$) for DM masses less than 100 MeV. We consider DM particles boosted by energetic electrons in the jets of the blazars TXS 0506+056 and BL Lacertae. Both vector and scalar mediators for the scattering of electron and electrophilic fermionic DM are studied. We highlight that the ensuing energy dependency of the S-matrix for the corresponding Lorentz structure of the vertex significantly modifies the constraints. We find that the revised exclusion limits are orders of magnitude stronger than the equivalent results for the simple constant cross section assumption. Our limits are also assessed for the less cuspy spike.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEJCAP(2023)·32 citations
6. 06*

   Three-loop QCD matching of the flavor-changing scalar current involving the heavy charm and bottom quark

   Wei Tao🇨🇳 · Ruilin Zhu🇨🇳 · Zhen-Jun Xiao🇨🇳

   We compute the matching coefficient between the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and the non-relativistic QCD ( NRQCD) for the flavor-changing scalar current involving the heavy charm and bottom quark, up to the three-loop order within the NRQCD factorization. For the first time, we obtain the analytical expressions for the three-loop renormalization constant ${\tilde{Z}}_s(x,R_f)$ and the corresponding anomalous dimension ${\tilde{\gamma }}_s(x,R_f)$ for the NRQCD scalar current with the two heavy bottom and charm quark. We present the precise numerical results for those relevant coefficients $(C_{FF}(x_0),\cdots ,C_{FBB}(x_0))$ with an accuracy of about thirty digits. The three-loop QCD correction turns out to be significantly large. The obtained matching coefficient $C_s({\mu }_f,\mu ,m_b,m_c)$ is helpful to analyze the threshold behaviours when two different heavy quarks are close to each other and form the double heavy $B_c$ mesons.

   hep-phEPJC(2023)·7 citations
7. 07*

   Democratic three Higgs-doublet models: the custodial limit and wrong-sign Yukawa

   Dipankar Das🇮🇳 · Miguel Levy🇵🇹 · Palash B. Pal🇮🇳 · Anugrah M. Prasad🇮🇳 · Ipsita Saha🇮🇳 · Ayushi Srivastava🇮🇳

   We study two novel aspects of democratic 3HDMs -- the custodial limit and the possibility of wrong-sign Yukawa couplings. In the custodial limit, the democratic 3HDMs can easily negotiate the constraints from the electroweak $T$-parameter. We also uncover the possibility of having wrong-sign Yukawa couplings in democratic 3HDMs, as in the case of 2HDMs. We show that a democratic 3HDM encompasses all the wrong-sign possibilities entertained by 2HDMs, and has considerably more leeway in the wrong-sign limit as compared to the 2HDM case. Our study underscores the importance of reporting analysis in the kappa-formalism without any implicit assumptions on the signs of the kappas.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2023)·12 citations
8. 08*

   Quark spectral functions from spectra of mesons and vice versa

   Vladimir Sauli🇨🇿

   We extract the spectral function of quarks using the QCD functional formalism.The reliability of approximations is controlled by the masses and decays of pseudoscalar mesons. For light quarks, we select the pion; for charm quarks, we choose the ground and excited states of the ${\eta }_c$ meson. To this end, we solved the ladder-rainbow approximation of the spectral Dyson-Schwinger equations for quarks coupled to the Bethe-Salpeter equation for the pion and pseudoscalar charmonia. The obtained dynamical charm mass function varies from 1 to 1.5 GeV in the timelike domain, which is significant for narrow charmonium states. This yields a notable response in the bound state spectrum. We obtained purely continuous spectral functions and discussed their connection with confinement.

   hep-phnucl-th4 citations
9. 09*

   Hybrid Inflation, Reheating and Dark Radiation in a IIB perturbative moduli stabilization scenario

   Waqas Ahmed🇨🇳 · Athanasios Karozas🇬🇷 · George K. Leontaris🇬🇷 · Ilias Tavellaris🇬🇷

   We study the cosmological implications of an effective field theory model derived within a configuration of D7 brane stacks in the framework of type-IIB string theory. We consider a suitable geometric setup where the Kähler moduli fields are stabilized and the parametric space is constrained so that a de Sitter vacuum is ensured. In addition to the moduli fields we also take into account the usual Higgs and matter fields included in the effective field theory. In this background, we implement the standard hybrid inflation scenario with a singlet scalar field acting as the inflaton and the Higgs states serving as waterfall fields. Radiative corrections and soft supersymmetry breaking terms play an essential role in the realization of a successful inflationary scenario consistent with the present cosmological data. Small tensor-to-scalar ratio values are predicted, which can be probed in future planned experiments. Further constraints on the model's parameters are derived from bounds on dark radiation which is measured as a contribution to the effective number of neutrino species $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$. In particular, we find an excess of $\Delta N_{\mathrm{eff}}\le 0.95$ at $2\sigma$ confidence level with natural values of the involved couplings.

   hep-phhep-thJHEP(2024)·5 citations
10. 10*

    LHC Run-3, $b-\tau$ Yukawa Unification and Dark Matter Implications in SUSY 4-2-2 model

    Waqas Ahmed🇨🇳 · Mohamed Belfkir🇦🇪 · Salah Nasri🇦🇪 · Shabbar Raza🇵🇰 · Umer Zubair🇺🇸

    We revisit the bottom and $\tau$ Yukawa coupling unification in supersymmetric $4$-$2$-$2$ model and present for the first time the sbottom-neutralino co-annihilation scenario consistent with the bottom and $\tau$ Yukawa coupling unification. In addition, we show gluino-neutralino, stop-neutralino, stau-neutralino, chargino-neutralino, and A-resonance scenario and show that all such solutions are consistent with existing experimental collider constraints, Planck2018 dark matter relic density bounds as well as direct and indirect bounds on neutralino-nucleons scattering cross sections. We show that in sbottom-neutralino co-annihilation scenario, the sbottom mass is about 2 TeV whereas in the case of gluino-neutralino, stop-neutralino, the gluino mass can be between 1 TeV to 3 TeV and stop mass in the range of 1 TeV to 3.5 TeV. {Moreover, in the case of co-annihilation scenario, the stau and chargino masses can be as heavy as 3.5 TeV,} while the A-resonance solutions are in the range of 0.5 TeV to 3.5 TeV. We anticipate that some part of the parameter space will be accessible in the supersymmetry searches at LHC Run-3 and beyond.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2023)·7 citations
11. 11*

    Many-body collective neutrino oscillations: recent developments

    Amol V. Patwardhan🇺🇸 · Michael J. Cervia🇺🇸 · Ermal Rrapaj🇺🇸 · Pooja Siwach🇺🇸 · A. B. Balantekin🇺🇸

    Neutrino flavor transformations in core-collapse supernovae and binary neutron star mergers represent a complex and unsolved problem that is integral to our understanding of the dynamics and nucleosynthesis in these environments. The high number densities of neutrinos present in these environments can engender various collective effects in neutrino flavor transformations, driven either by neutrino-neutrino coherent scattering, or in some cases, through collisional (incoherent) interactions. An ensemble of neutrinos undergoing coherent scattering among themselves is an interacting quantum many-body system -- as such, there is a tantalising prospect of quantum entanglement developing between the neutrinos, which can leave imprints on their flavor evolution histories. Here, we seek to summarize recent progress that has been made towards understanding this phenomenon.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEnucl-thquant-phIn: Handbook of Nuclear Physics (2022), S…·26 citations
12. 12*

    Mass spectra of doubly heavy tetraquarks in diquark-antidiquark picture

    YongXin Song🇨🇳 · Duojie Jia🇨🇳

    Inspired by recent observation of the first doubly charmed tetraquark $T_{cc}$, we apply linear Regge relation and mass scaling to study low-lying mass spectra of the doubly heavy tetraquark in heavy-diquark-light-antidiquark picture. The measured data and other compatible estimates of ground-state masses of doubly heavy baryons are employed to evaluate masses of heavy diquark $M_{QQ}$ ($Q=c,b$) and the $D/D_s$ meson masses are used in mass scaling to determine the hyperfine mass splitting. Our mass computation indicates that all low-lying states of doubly heavy tetraquarks are unstable against strong decays to two heavy-light mesons, except for the ground states of nonstrange $bb$ tetraquarks.

    hep-phCommun.Theor.Phys.(2023)·25 citations
13. 13*

    Impact of CP violation searches at MOMENT experiment with sterile neutrinos

    Kiran Sharma🇮🇳 · Sudhanwa Patra (IIT Bhilai)🇮🇳

    We examine the scope of the MOMENT experiment in the context of CP violation searches with the presence of extra eV scale sterile neutrino. MOMENT is a proposed medium baseline neutrino oscillation experiment using muon beams for neutrinos production, making it advantageous over ${\pi }_0$ background and other technical difficulties. We work over the first oscillation maxima which matches the peak value of flux with a run time of 5 years for both neutrino and anti-neutrino modes. We perform the bi-probability studies for both 3 and 3+1 flavor mixing schemes. The CP violation sensitivities arising from the fundamental CP phase ${\delta }_{13}$ and unknown CP phase ${\delta }_{14}$ are explored at the firm footing. Slight deteriorations are observed in CP violations induced by ${\delta }_{13}$ as the presence of sterile neutrino is considered. We also look at the reconstruction of CP violations phases ${\delta }_{13}$ and ${\delta }_{14}$ and the MOMENT experiment shows significant capabilities in the precise measurement of ${\delta }_{13}$ phase.

    hep-phJHEP(2023)·4 citations
14. 14*

    Vacuum Stability and Radiative Symmetry Breaking of the Scale-Invariant Singlet Extension of Type II Seesaw Model

    Bayu Dirgantara🇹🇭 · Kristjan Kannike🇪🇪 · Warintorn Sreethawong🇹🇭

    The questions of the origin of electroweak symmetry breaking and neutrino mass are two major puzzles in particle physics. Neutrino mass generation requires new physics beyond the Standard Model and also suggests reconsideration of physics of symmetry breaking. The aim of this paper is to study radiative symmetry breaking in the singlet scalar extension of type II seesaw neutrino mass model. We derive bounded-from-below conditions for the scalar potential of the model in full generality for the first time. The Gildener-Weinberg approach is utilised in minimising the multiscalar potential. Upon imposing the bounded-from-below and perturbativity conditions, as well as experimental constraints from colliders, we find the parameter space of scalar quartic couplings that can radiatively realise electroweak symmetry breaking at one-loop level. To satisfy all the constraints, the masses of the heavy triplet-like Higgs bosons must be nearly degenerate. The evolution of the Higgs doublet quartic coupling ${\lambda }_H$ can be prevented from being negative up to the Planck scale.

    hep-phEPJC(2023)·4 citations
15. 15*

    Tribaryons with lattice QCD and one-boson exchange potentials

    Tian-Wei Wu🇨🇳 · Si-Qiang Luo🇨🇳 · Ming-Zhu Liu🇨🇳 · Li-Sheng Geng🇨🇳 · Xiang Liu🇨🇳

    Motivated by the existence of two-body hadronic molecules composed of $\Omega \Omega$, ${\Omega }_{ccc}{\Omega }_{ccc}$ and ${\Omega }_{bbb}{\Omega }_{bbb}$ predicted by lattice QCD simulations, we use the Gaussian expansion method to investigate whether three-body systems composed of $\Omega \Omega \Omega$, ${\Omega }_{ccc}{\Omega }_{ccc}{\Omega }_{ccc}$ and ${\Omega }_{bbb}{\Omega }_{bbb}{\Omega }_{bbb}$ can bind with the two-body ${}^1{S}_0$ interactions provided by lattice QCD. Our results show that none of the three-body systems bind. On the other hand, we find that with the one-boson exchange potentials the $\Omega \Omega \Omega$ system develops a bound state, for which the ${}^5{S}_2$ interaction plays an important role. Our studies support the existence of the ${\frac{3}{2}}^{+}$ $\Omega \Omega \Omega$ bound state and the nonexistence of the ${\frac{3}{2}}^{+}$ ${\Omega }_{ccc}{\Omega }_{ccc}{\Omega }_{ccc}$ and ${\Omega }_{bbb}{\Omega }_{bbb}{\Omega }_{bbb}$ bound states, due to the suppressed ${}^5{S}_2$ interactions in heavier systems.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-ex+1PRD(2023)·5 citations
16. 16*

    Development of Bethe-Salpeter theory for dealing with unstable system

    Xiaozhao Chen🇨🇳 · Xiaofu Lü🇨🇳

    In the framework of relativistic quantum field theory, the solution of homogeneous Bethe-Salpeter equation for two-body bound state can not describe unstable system, so we develop Bethe-Salpeter theory to investigate resonance which is regarded as an unstable two-body system. Based on Bethe-Salpeter wave function, we consider the time evolution of two-body bound state determined by the total Hamiltonian. The total matrix element for arbitrary decay channel is expressed in terms of the Heisenberg picture, and Mandelstam's approach is generalized to calculate the matrix element between bound states with respect to arbitrary value of the final state energy. Some innovations to Feynman diagram are made so that the key features of dispersion relation can be more clearly exhibited. This new resonance theory in quantum field theory is applied to investigate exotic particle which is considered as an unstable meson-meson molecular state.

    hep-phEPJC(2023)·4 citations
17. 17*

    Constraints from the duration of supernova neutrino burst on on-shell light gauge boson production by neutrinos

    David G. Cerdeño🇪🇸 · Marina Cermeño🇧🇪 · Yasaman Farzan🇮🇷

    In this article, we study the on-shell production of low-mass vector mediators from neutrino-antineutrino coalescence in the core of proto-neutron stars. Taking into account the radial dependence of the density, energy, and temperature inside the proto-neutron star, we compute the neutrino-antineutrino interaction rate in the star interior in the well-motivated $U(1{)}_{L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }}$ model. First, we determine the values of the coupling above which neutrino-antineutrino interactions dominate over the Standard Model neutrino-nucleon scattering. We argue that, although in this regime a redistribution of the neutrino energies might take place, making low-energy neutrinos more trapped, this only affects a small part of the neutrino population and it cannot be constrained with the SN 1987A data. Thus, contrary to previous claims, the region of the parameter space where the $U(1{)}_{L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }}$ model explains the discrepancy in the muon anomalous magnetic moment is not ruled out. We then focus on small gauge couplings, where the decay length of the new gauge boson is larger than the neutrino-nucleon mean free path, but still smaller than the size of proto-neutron star. We show that in this regime, the on-shell production of a long-lived $Z^{\prime }$ and its subsequent decay into neutrinos can significantly reduce the duration of the neutrino burst, probing values of the coupling below $\mathcal{O}(10^{-7})$ for mediator masses between 10 and 100 MeV. This disfavours new areas of the parameter space of the $U(1{)}_{L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }}$ model.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·24 citations
18. 18*

    Complete analysis on QED corrections to $B_q\to {\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$

    Yong-Kang Huang🇨🇳 · Yue-Long Shen🇨🇳 · Xue-Chen Zhao🇨🇳 · Si-Hong Zhou🇨🇳

    Motivated by a dynamical enhancement of the electromagnetic corrections by a power of ${\Lambda }_{\mathrm{QCD}}/m_b$ in $B_{d,s}\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ at next-to-leading order (NLO), we extend the QED factorization effects on the leptonic $B$ meson decays with light muon leptons to tauonic final states, $B_{d,s}\to {\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$, using soft-collinear effective theory (SCET). This extension is necessary owing to the appearance of the large $\tau$ mass, which will lead to different power counting in SCET and also different results. We provide a complete NLO electromagnetic corrections to $B_{d,s}\to {\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$, which include hard functions and hard-collinear functions below the bottom quark mass scale ${\mu }_b$. The power enhanced electromagnetic effects from hard-collinear contributions on $B_{d,s}\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ discussed before also exist in $B_{d,s}\to {\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$. However the logarithm term arising from contributions of hard-collinear photon and lepton virtualities for $B_{d,s}\to {\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$ is not large as it is in muon case due to the hard-collinear scale of $\tau$ mass, which lead to only approximately $0.04\%$ QED corrections to the branching fraction of $B_{d,s}\to {\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$ compared with overall reduction about $0.5\%$ in $B_{d,s}\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$.

    hep-phJHEP(2023)·6 citations
19. 19*

    The decay $A^0\to h^0{Z}^{(\ast )}$ in the inverted hierarchy scenario and its detection prospects at the Large Hadron Collider

    A.G. Akeroyd🇬🇧 · S. Alanazi🇬🇧 · Stefano Moretti🇬🇧

    Searches are being carried out at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) for the decay of the CP-odd scalar ($A^0$) in Two-Higgs-Doublet Models (2HDMs) with Natural Flavour Conservation (NFC) in the channel $A^0\to h^{0}Z$ (with $m_{h^0}=125$ GeV and $Z$ on-shell). In the absence of any signal, limits on the parameter space of $[\tan \beta ,\cos (\beta -\alpha ),m_{A^0}]$ in each 2HDM are derived for $m_{A^0}>225$ GeV. In this work we consider the scenario of inverted hierarchy with $m_{h^0}<125$ GeV and $m_{H^0}=125$ GeV in which the decay $A^0\to h^0{Z}^{(\ast )}$ (i.e. including the case of an off-shell $Z$) can have a large branching ratio in the 2HDM (Type I) for $m_{A^0}<225$ GeV. We calculate the signal cross section $\sigma (gg\to A^0)\times \mathrm{BR}(A^0\to h^0{Z}^{(\ast )})\times \mathrm{BR}(h^0\to b\overline{b})$ in the 2HDM (Type I) with NFC and compare its magnitude with the cross section for the case of normal hierarchy ($m_{h^0}=125$ GeV) that is currently being searched for at the LHC. For the experimentally unexplored region $m_{A^0}<225$ GeV it is shown that the above cross section for signal events in the scenario of inverted hierarchy can be of the order of a few picobarns. Such sizeable cross sections are several orders of magnitude larger than the cross sections for the case of normal hierarchy, thus motivating an extension of the ongoing searches for $A^0\to h^0{Z}^{(\ast )}$ to probe the scenario of inverted hierarchy.

    hep-phJ.Phys.G(2023)·9 citations
20. 20*

    Multicomponent Van der Waals model of a nuclear fireball in the freeze-out stage

    Ya. D. Krivenko-Emetov (National Technical University of Ukraine - Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, Kyiv, Ukraine)🇺🇦

    A two-component van der Waals gas model is proposed to describe the hadronic stages of the evolution of a nuclear fireball in the cooling stage. At the first stage of hadronization, when mesons dominate, a two-component meson model (${\pi }^0$ and ${\pi }^{+}$ -mesons) with an effective two-particle interaction potential of a rectangular well is proposed. At the late-stage hadronization, when almost all mesons have decayed, a two-component nucleon model of protons and neutrons is proposed with the corresponding effective rectangular nucleon potential. The saddle point method has been applied for analytical calculations of the partition function. This made it possible to uniformly obtain analytical expressions for both the pressure and density, taking into account the finite dimensions of the system, and the analytical expressions for chemical potentials. It is assumed that the proposed models and derived formulas can be used to analyze experimental data connected to the quantitative characteristics of the particle yields of different types in the final state from the hadronic stages of the evolution of a nuclear fireball, as well as to determine the critical parameters of the system in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions.

    hep-phnucl-thLHEP(2023)·3 citations
21. 21*

    Fully Testable Axion Dark Matter within a Minimal $SU(5)$ GUT

    Stefan Antusch🇨🇭 · Ilja Doršner🇭🇷 · Kevin Hinze🇨🇭 · Shaikh Saad🇨🇭

    We present a minimal Grand Unified Theory model, based on $SU(5)$ gauge symmetry and a global $U(1)$ Peccei-Quinn symmetry, that predicts the existence of an ultralight axion dark matter within a narrow mass range of $m_a\in [0.1,4.7]$neV. This mass window is determined through an interplay between gauge coupling unification constraints, partial proton decay lifetime limits, and the need to reproduce the experimentally observed fermion mass spectrum. The entire parameter space of the proposed model will be probed through a synergy between several low-energy experiments that look for proton decay (Hyper-Kamiokande), axion dark matter through axion-photon coupling (ABRACADABRA and DMRadio-GUT) and nucleon electric dipole moments (CASPEr Electric).

    hep-phPRD(2023)·16 citations
22. 22*

    Anomalies From the Covariant Derivative Expansion

    Timothy Cohen🇺🇸 · Xiaochuan Lu🇺🇸 · Zhengkang Zhang🇺🇸

    We revisit the calculation of anomalies for global and gauge symmetries in the framework of the Covariant Derivative Expansion (CDE). Due to the presence of UV divergences, the result is an ambiguous quantity that depends on the regularization procedure and the renormalization scheme. We introduce a class of regulators that facilitate a straightforward evaluation of the anomaly exclusively in $d=4$ spacetime dimensions using the CDE methodology. We derive a master formula for the anomaly that integrates various known results into a unified framework.

    hep-phhep-thPRD(2023)·10 citations
23. 23*

    Anomaly Cancellation in Effective Field Theories From the Covariant Derivative Expansion

    Timothy Cohen🇺🇸 · Xiaochuan Lu🇺🇸 · Zhengkang Zhang🇺🇸

    We extend our recently-proposed formalism for calculating anomalies of global and gauge symmetries using the Covariant Derivative Expansion to include a general class of operators that can appear in relativistic Effective Field Theories (EFTs). This allows us to prove that EFT operators involving general scalar, vector, and tensor couplings to fermion bilinears only give rise to irrelevant anomalies, which can be removed by an appropriate choice of counterterms, thereby confirming the absence of new constraints from anomaly cancellation on the Standard Model EFT.

    hep-phhep-thPRD(2023)·11 citations
24. 24*

    Velocity Laws for Bound States in Asymptotically AdS Geometries

    Dimitrios Giataganas🇹🇼

    We study the behavior of heavy quark bound states in moving plasmas that are dual to theories with generic non-trivial renormalization group flows interpolating between an AdS geometry in the ultraviolet and infrared fixed points with broken symmetries. We investigate analytically the observables associated with the bound state and find their scaling exponents with respect to the Lorentz factor for ultrarelativistic motion. Despite having asymptotically an AdS geometry, the scaling is not universal and depends on geometric conditions of the Fefferman-Graham expansion in the near boundary regime, or equivalently on the order of the asymptotic background expansion that provides the leading contributions to the Wilson loops.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phnucl-thFortsch.Phys.(2023)·2 citations
25. 25*

    Collective modes in the anisotropic collisional hot QCD medium at finite chemical potential

    Mohammad Yousuf Jamal🇮🇳

    We conducted a study on the collective modes within the hot QCD medium generated in heavy-ion collision experiments. These modes, whether real or imaginary, stable or unstable, play a crucial role in shaping the medium's evolution. To gain a deeper understanding, we considered several factors affecting the medium, including anisotropy, interactions among medium particles, and finite baryonic chemical potential. While the first two aspects have been thoroughly examined from various angles, the inclusion of finite chemical potential was previously overlooked. To provide a comprehensive analysis, we integrated these factors. The interactions among medium particles were accounted for using the BGK collisional kernel, while anisotropy and finite chemical potential were incorporated through the distribution functions of quarks, anti-quarks, and gluons. Our findings suggest that the presence of finite chemical potential amplifies the influence of unstable modes, potentially affecting the rapid thermalization of the hot QCD medium. Furthermore, exploring the implications of finite chemical potential in conjunction with other aspects of the created medium is intriguing, particularly in the context of low-energy heavy-ion collision experiments conducted at low temperatures and finite baryon density.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phEur.Phys.J.Plus(2024)·3 citations
26. 26*

    JWST high redshift galaxy observations have a strong tension with Planck CMB measurements

    Deng Wang🇨🇳 · Yizhou Liu🇨🇳

    JWST high redshift galaxy observations predict a higher star formation efficiency than the standard cosmology does, which poses a new tension to $\Lambda$CDM. We find that the situation is worse than expected. The true situation is that the Planck CMB measurement has a strong tension with JWST high redshift galaxy observations. Specifically, we make a trial to alleviate this tension by considering alternative cosmological models including dark matter-baryon interaction, $f(R)$ gravity and dynamical dark energy. Within current cosmological constraints from Planck-2018 CMB data, we find that these models all fail to explain such a large tension. A possible scenario to escape from cosmological constraints is the extended Press-Schechter formalism, where we consider the local environmental effect on the early formation of massive galaxies. Interestingly, we find that an appropriate value of nonlinear environmental overdensity of a high redshift halo can well explain this tension.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.GAgr-qchep-ph16 citations
27. 27*

    Anomalous conductivities in the holographic Stuckelberg model

    Nishal Rai🇪🇸 · Eugenio Megias🇪🇸

    We have studied a massive U(1) gauge holographic model with pure gauge and mixed gauge-gravitational Chern-Simons terms. The full backreaction of the gauge field on the metric tensor has been considered in order to explore the vortical and energy transport sector. The background solution has been computed numerically. On this background, we have considered the fluctuation of the fields and evaluated the different correlators. We have found that all the correlators depend on the mass of the gauge field. Correlators such as the current-current one, $⟨J_x{J}_x⟩$, which were completely absent in the massless case, in the presence of a finite gauge boson mass start picking up some finite value even at zero chemical potential. Similarly, the energy-current correlator, $⟨T_{0x}{J}_x⟩$, which was also absent in the massless theory, has now a non-vanishing value but for finite values of the chemical potential. Our findings for the chiral vortical conductivity, ${\sigma }_V$, and the chiral magnetic/vortical conductivity of energy current, ${\sigma }_B^{\epsilon }={\sigma }_V^{\epsilon }$, are completely new results. In addition to this, we have found that these anomalous transport coefficients depend linearly both on the pure Chern-Simon coupling, $\kappa$, and on the mixed gauge-gravity Chern-Simon coupling, $\lambda$. One of the results that we would like to highlight is that its not just $\kappa$ that contributes to the ${\sigma }_B$ but there is an additional contribution from $\lambda$ as well unlike the previous studies.

    ↳ hep-thcond-mat.str-elhep-phJHEP(2023)·7 citations
28. 28*

    Heterogeneous Graph Neural Network for Identifying Hadronically Decayed Tau Leptons at the High Luminosity LHC

    Andris Huang🇺🇸 · Xiangyang Ju🇺🇸 · Jacob Lyons🇺🇸 · Daniel Murnane🇺🇸 · Mariel Pettee🇺🇸 · Landon Reed🇺🇸

    We present a new algorithm that identifies reconstructed jets originating from hadronic decays of tau leptons against those from quarks or gluons. No tau lepton reconstruction algorithm is used. Instead, the algorithm represents jets as heterogeneous graphs with tracks and energy clusters as nodes and trains a Graph Neural Network to identify tau jets from other jets. Different attributed graph representations and different GNN architectures are explored. We propose to use differential track and energy cluster information as node features and a heterogeneous sequentially-biased encoding for the inputs to final graph-level classification.

    ↳ physics.ins-dethep-exhep-phJINST(2023)·7 citations
29. 29*

    Simple reactor model of relativistic runaway electron avalanche development

    Egor Stadnichuk🇷🇺 · Daria Zemlianskaya🇷🇺 · Ekaterina Svechnikova🇷🇺 · Eduard Kim🇷🇺 · Alexander Sedelnikov · Oraz Anuaruly

    High-energy gamma radiation in the Earth's atmosphere is associated with the bremsstrahlung of Relativistic Runaway Electron Avalanches (RREA) developing in thunderstorm electric fields. In this paper, RREA development is studied in the system of two strong electric-field regions within thunderstorms, which accelerate runaway electrons toward each other. Such a system is called the simple reactor. It is discovered that the propagation of gamma rays and runaway electrons from one region to another leads to positive feedback. This feedback called the reactor feedback can make RREA self-sustaining, thus effectively multiplying high-energy particles inside thunderstorms containing the simple reactor. The spectrum and characteristic time scale of the simple reactor gamma radiation are in agreement with Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs) data. The applicability of the simple reactor model to TGF is discussed, and the distinguishing observable properties of the simple reactor radiation during TGF and Thunderstorm Ground Enhancement are considered.

    ↳ physics.ao-phhep-phphysics.geo-phphysics.plasm-ph0 citations
30. 30*

    Relativistic BGK hydrodynamics

    Pracheta Singha🇮🇳 · Samapan Bhadury🇵🇱 · Arghya Mukherjee🇨🇦 · Amaresh Jaiswal🇮🇳

    Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook (BGK) collision kernel is employed in the Boltzmann equation to formulate relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics. In this formulation, we find that there remains freedom of choosing a matching condition that affects the scalar transport in the system. We also propose a new collision kernel which, unlike BGK collision kernel, is valid in the limit of zero chemical potential and derive relativistic first-order dissipative hydrodynamics using it. We study the effects of this new formulation on the coefficient of bulk viscosity.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phhep-thEPJC(2024)·10 citations
31. 31*

    UV and IR Effects in Axion Quality Control

    C.P. Burgess🇨🇦 · Gongjun Choi🇨🇭 · F. Quevedo🇬🇧

    Motivated by recent discussions and the absence of exact global symmetries in UV completions of gravity we re-examine the axion quality problem (and naturalness issues more generally) using antisymmetric Kalb-Ramond (KR) fields rather than their pseudoscalar duals, as suggested by string and higher dimensional theories. Two types of axions can be identified: a model independent $S$-type axion dual to a two form $B_{\mu \nu }$ in 4D and a $T$-type axion coming directly as 4D scalar Kaluza-Klein (KK) components of higher-dimensional tensor fields. For $T$-type axions our conclusions largely agree with earlier workers for the axion quality problem, but we also reconcile why $T$-type axions can couple to matter localized on 3-branes with Planck suppressed strength even when the axion decay constants are of order the KK scale. For $S$-type axions, we review the duality between form fields and massive scalars and show how duality impacts naturalness arguments about the UV sensitivity of the scalar potential. In particular UV contributions on the KR side suppress contributions on the scalar side by powers of $m/M$ with $m$ the axion mass and $M$ the UV scale. We re-examine how the axion quality problem is formulated on the dual side and compare to recent treatments. We study how axion quality is affected by the ubiquity of $p$-form gauge potentials (for both $p=2$ and $p=3$) in string vacua and identify two criteria that can potentially lead to a problem. We also show why most fields do not satisfy these criteria, but when they do the existence of multiple fields also provides mechanisms for resolving it. We conclude that the quality problem is easily evaded.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2024)·27 citations
32. 32*

    Strange Stars within Bosonic and Fermionic Admixed Dark Matter

    Luiz L. Lopes🇧🇷 · H. C. Das🇮🇳

    In this work, we study dark matter (DM) admixed strange quark stars exploring the different possibilities about the nature of the DM and their effects on the macroscopic properties of strange stars, such as maximum masses, radii, as well the dimensionless tidal parameter. We observe that the DM significantly affects the macroscopic properties that depend on its mass, type, and fraction inside the star.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEgr-qchep-phnucl-thJCAP(2023)·23 citations
33. 33*

    Modified Hawking temperature and entropy of Kerr-de Sitter black hole in Lorentz violation theory

    Y. Onika Laxmi · T. Ibungochouba Singh

    In this paper, we discuss the tunneling of scalar particles near the event horizon of stationary and nonstationary Kerr-de Sitter black hole using Lorentz violation theory in curved space time. The modified form of Hamilton-Jacobi equation is derived from the Klein-Gordon equation by applying Lorentz violation theory. The Hawking temperatures derived from stationary and nonstationary Kerr-de Sitter black holes are modified due to Lorentz violation theory. It is noted that the change in Bekenstein-Hawking entropy and modified Hawking temperatures of stationary and nonstationary Kerr-de Sitter black hole not only depend on the black hole parameters but also on ether like vectors ${\mathrm{u}}^{\alpha }$.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phMod.Phys.Lett.A(2023)·10 citations
34. 34*

    Hydrodynamic model of heavy-ion collisions with low momentum components

    Akihiko Monnai🇯🇵

    Relativistic heavy-ion collisions suggest that low momentum regions of the observed particle spectra are thermal and hydrodynamic, while medium-high momentum regions are non-thermal and perturbative. In this study, I construct a hydrodynamic model of heavy-ion collisions by cutting off the medium-high momentum contributions and investigate the phenomenological consequences. Numerical simulations indicate that the temperature of the quark matter can be higher at earlier times owing to the modification of the equation of state. It is also suggested that direct photon elliptic flow can be sensitive to the momentum dependence of thermalization.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exJ.Phys.G(2023)·2 citations
35. 35*

    The Primordial Black Hole Formation from Single-Field Inflation is Not Ruled Out

    Antonio Riotto (University of Geneva)🇨🇭

    A standard scenario to form primordial black holes in the early universe is based on a phase of ultra-slow-roll in single-field inflation when the amplitude of the short scale modes is enhanced compared to the CMB plateau. Based on general arguments, we show that the loop corrections to the large-scale linear power spectrum from the short modes are small and conclude that the scenario is not ruled out.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phhep-th139 citations
36. 36*

    Nested warped geometry in a non-flat braneworld scenario

    Arko Bhaumik🇮🇳 · Soumitra SenGupta🇮🇳

    We generalize nested multiply warped braneworld models by incorporating non-zero brane curvature caused by an effective cosmological constant {\Omega} induced on the 3-branes. Starting with the doubly warped model, we first analyze the case where the maximally warped brane is identified as the visible brane. For {\Omega} < 0, resolution of the gauge hierarchy problem imposes a small upper bound on |{\Omega}|, and can possibly lead to positivity of all the 3-brane tensions. For {\Omega} > 0, the latter is not possible but the tuning of the cosmological constant to its tiny observed value is linked to the tuning of the extra dimensional moduli close to the inverse Planck length, justifying the original flat brane approximation. In both regimes, we study the dependence of the scale-clustering of the pair of TeV-branes on the brane cosmological constant and hence its potential role in generating a fermion mass hierarchy between these branes. Identifying the near-maximally warped brane as the visible brane instead opens up regions in the parameter space that allow positive 3-brane tensions for both anti de Sitter and de Sitter branes, subject to non-trivial constraints on the warping parameters. We conclude by generalizing the key results to arbitrary n-fold nested warped braneworlds.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-thEPJC(2023)·4 citations
37. 37*

    Hyperon-nucleon interaction in chiral effective field theory at next-to-next-to-leading order

    Johann Haidenbauer🇩🇪 · Ulf-G. Meißner🇩🇪 · Andreas Nogga🇩🇪 · Hoai Le🇩🇪

    A hyperon-nucleon potential for the strangeness $S=-1$ sector ($\Lambda N$, $\Sigma N$) up to third order in the chiral expansion is presented. SU(3) flavor symmetry is imposed for constructing the interaction, however, the explicit SU(3) symmetry breaking by the physical masses of the pseudoscalar mesons and in the leading-order contact terms is taken into account. A novel regularization scheme is employed which has already been successfully used in studies of the nucleon-nucleon interaction within chiral effective field theory up to high orders. An excellent description of the low-energy $\Lambda p$, ${\Sigma }^{-}p$ and ${\Sigma }^{+}p$ scattering data is achieved. New data from J-PARC on angular distributions for the $\Sigma N$ channels are analyzed. Results for the hypertriton and $A=4$ hyper-nuclear separation energies are presented. An uncertainty estimate for the chiral expansion is performed for selected hyperon-nucleon observables.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-exhep-lathep-ph+1EPJA(2023)·71 citations
38. 38*

    Detecting Dark Compact Objects in Gaia DR4: A Data Analysis Pipeline for Transient Astrometric Lensing Searches

    I-Kai Chen🇺🇸 · Marius Kongsore🇺🇸 · Ken Van Tilburg🇺🇸

    The Gaia satellite is cataloging the astrometric properties of an unprecedented number of stars in the Milky Way with extraordinary precision. This provides a gateway for conducting extensive surveys of transient astrometric lensing events caused by dark compact objects. In this work, we establish a data analysis pipeline capable of searching for such events in the upcoming Gaia Data Release 4 (DR4). We use Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) and current dark matter and astrophysical black hole population models to create mock DR4 catalogs containing stellar trajectories perturbed by lensing. Our analysis of these mock catalogs suggests that Gaia DR4 will contain about 4 astrometric lensing events from astrophysical black holes at a $5\sigma$ significance level. Furthermore, we project that our data analysis pipeline applied to Gaia DR4 will result in leading constraints on compact dark matter in the mass range $1$-$10^3{M}_{\odot }$ down to a dark matter fraction of about one percent.

    ↳ astro-ph.GAastro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2023)·12 citations
39. 39*

    Entanglement negativity in de Sitter biverse from Stringy Axionic Bell pair: An analysis using Bunch-Davies vacuum

    Sayantan Choudhury🇮🇳

    In this work, we study the signatures of quantum entanglement by computing entanglement negativity between two causally unrelated regions in $3+1$ dimensional global de Sitter space. We investigate a bipartite quantum field theoretic setup for this purpose, driven by an axionic Bell pair resulting from Type IIB string compactification on a Calabi-Yau three fold. We take into account a spherical surface that divides the spatial slice of the global de Sitter space into exterior and interior causally unrelated sub regions. For the computational purpose we use the simplest possible initial choice of quantum vacuum, which is Bunch-Davies state. The quantitative quantum information theoretic measure for entanglement negativity turns out be consistent with the results obtained for entanglement entropy, even we have to say it is better than that from quantum information theoretic point of view. We design the problem in a hyperbolic open chart where one of the causally unrelated observers remains constrained and the scale dependence enters to the corresponding quantum information theoretic entanglement measure for axionic Bell pair.We find from our analysis that in the large scales initially maximally entangled Bunch-Davies state turns out to be strongly entangled or weakly entangled depending on the axionic decay constant and the supersymmetry breaking scale. We also find that at the small scales the initial entanglement can be perfectly recovered.We also discuss the possibility of having a biverse picture, which is a mini version of the multiverse in the present theoretical set up. Last but not the least, we provide the necessary criteria for generating non vanishing quantum entanglement measures within the framework of quantum field theory of global de Sitter space as well as well as in primordial cosmology due to the axion derived from string theory.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phquant-phFortsch.Phys.(2024)·14 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.