Wed·Dec 21, 2022Wednesday·December 21, 2022

1. 01*

   MeV to multi-TeV thermal WIMPs: most conservative limits

   Koushik Dutta🇮🇳 · Avirup Ghosh🇮🇳 · Arpan Kar🇰🇷 · Biswarup Mukhopadhyaya🇮🇳

   We consider a weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter (DM) annihilating into all possible Standard Model (SM) particle pairs, including the SM neutrinos, via $s$-wave processes and derive the branching ratio independent upper limit on the total annihilation cross-section $⟨\sigma v⟩$ using the data of CMB, gamma-ray, cosmic-ray and several neutrino observations. For conservative choices of all relevant astrophysical parameters, we obtain upper limits of $10^{-23}-10^{-25}{\mathrm{cm}}^3{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ on the total $⟨\sigma v⟩$ for the WIMP mass range $10\mathrm{MeV}-100\mathrm{TeV}$, thus making the entire mass range consistent with the observed relic density. An important input that goes into our analysis is the assumption that thermal WIMPs can have significant coupling to the SM neutrinos.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEJCAP(2023)·18 citations
2. 02*

   Search for heavy Majorana neutrinos at future lepton colliders

   Peng-Cheng Lu🇨🇳 · Zong-Guo Si🇨🇳 · Zhe Wang🇨🇳 · Xing-Hua Yang🇨🇳 · Xin-Yi Zhang🇨🇳

   The nonzero neutrino mass can be a signal for new physics beyond the standard model. To explain the tiny neutrino mass, we can extend the standard model with right-handed Majorana neutrinos in a low-scale seesaw mechanism, while the CP violation effect can be induced due to the CP phase in the interference of heavy Majorana neutrinos. The existence of heavy Majorana neutrinos may lead to lepton number violation processes, which can be used as a probe to search for the signal of heavy Majorana neutrinos. In this paper, we focus on the CP violation effect related to two generations of heavy Majorana neutrinos for $15$ GeV $<m_N<$ $70$ GeV in the pair production of W bosons and rare decays. It is valuable to investigate the Majorana neutrino production signals and the related CP violation effects in the W boson rare decays at future lepton colliders.

   hep-phCPC(2023)·5 citations
3. 03*

   Shinning Light on Sterile Neutrino Portal Dark Matter from Cosmology and Collider

   Ang Liu🇨🇳 · Feng-Lan Shao🇨🇳 · Zhi-Long Han🇨🇳 · Yi Jin🇨🇳 · Honglei Li🇨🇳

   Provided the dark sector consisted of a dark scalar $\varphi$ and a dark fermion $\chi$ under an exact $Z_2$ symmetry, the sterile neutrino $N$ can act as the messenger between the dark sector and standard model via the Yukawa coupling ${\lambda }_{ds}\bar{\chi }\varphi N$. In this paper, we focus on the specific scenario $m_N>m_{\varphi }+m_{\chi }$ with $\chi$ being a FIMP dark matter. The decay width of dark scalar $\varphi$ is doubly suppressed by the smallness of Yukawa coupling ${\lambda }_{ds}$ and mixing angle $\theta$. The delayed decay $\varphi \to \chi \nu$ will have a great impact on cosmological observables such as the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, the Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropy power spectra, the effective number of relativistic neutrino species $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ and the energetic neutrino flux. Meanwhile, the sterile neutrino can generate displaced vertex signature at colliders when $m_N<m_W$. The dark scalar $\varphi$ will also induce measurable Higgs invisible decay for relatively large quartic coupling. A comprehensive analysis of constraints from cosmology and collider is performed in this paper. We find that almost the whole parameter space with $m_N<m_W$ is under the reach of future experiments.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2023)·7 citations
4. 04*

   The assignments of the $B_s$ mesons within the screened potential model and ${}^3{P}_0$ model

   Wei Hao🇨🇳 · Yu Lu🇨🇳 · En Wang🇨🇳

   We investigate the mass spectrum and the decay properties of the $B_s$ mesons within the screened nonrelativistic quark model and the ${}^3{P}_0$ model. Our results suggest that the $B_{sJ}(6064)$ and $B_{sJ}(6114)$ states, as the first solution of the recently LHCb measurements, could be explained as the $B_s(1^3{D}_3)$ and $B_s(1^3{D}_1)$, respectively. In addition, the $B_{sJ}(6109)$ and $B_{sJ}(6158)$ states, as the second solution of the LHCb measurements, could be explained as the $B_{s2}^{\prime }(1D)$ and $B_{s1}(2P)$, respectively. Meanwhile, the $B_{s1}(5830)$ could be interpreted as the candidate of the $B_{s1}(1P)$. We also calculated the decay properties of the other excited $B_s$ mesons with the predicted masses, which should be helpful for the experimental searching in future.

   hep-phEPJC(2023)·8 citations
5. 05*

   Small parameters in infrared QCD: The pion decay constant

   Marcela Peláez🇺🇾 · Urko Reinosa🇫🇷 · Julien Serreau🇫🇷 · Nicolás Wschebor🇺🇾

   We continue our investigation of the QCD dynamics in terms of the Curci-Ferrari effective Lagrangian, a deformation of the Faddeev-Popov one in the Landau gauge with a tree-level gluon mass term. In a previous work we have studied the dynamics of chiral symmetry breaking at the level of the quark propagator and, in particular, the dynamical generation of a constituent quark mass. In the present article, we study the associated Goldstone mode, the pion, and we compute the pion decay constant in the chiral limit. Our approach exploits the fact that the coupling (defined in the Taylor scheme) in the pure gauge sector is perturbative, as observed in lattice simulations which, together with a $1/N_c$-expansion, allows for a systematic, controllable approximation scheme in the low energy regime of QCD. At leading order, this leads to the well-known rainbow-ladder resummation. We study the region of parameter space of the model that gives physical values of the pion decay constant. This allows one to constrain the gluon mass parameter as a function of the coupling using a physically measured quantity.

   hep-phhep-thPRD(2023)·12 citations
6. 06*

   Weak nonleptonic decays of vector B-mesons

   Mikhail A. Ivanov🇷🇺 · Zhomart Tyulemissov🇷🇺 · Akmaral Tyulemissova🇷🇺

   We study the radiative and weak nonleptonic decays of vector B-mesons within the covariant confined quark model (CCQM) developed in our previous papers. First, we calculate the matrix elements and decays widths of the radiative decays $B^{\ast }\to B\gamma$. The obtained results are compared with those obtained in other approaches. Then we consider the nonleptonic decays $B^{\ast }\to D^{\ast }V$ which proceed via tree-level quark diagrams. It is shown that the analytical expressions for the amplitudes correspond to the factorization approach. In the framework of our model we calculate the leptonic decay constants and the form factors of the $B^{\ast }\to D^{\ast }(V)$ transitions in the entire physical region of the momentum transfer squared. Finally, we calculate the two-body decay widths and compare our results with other models.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·8 citations
7. 07*

   $0^{+}$ XTZ states from QCD spectral sum rules

   R. M. Albuquerque🇧🇷 · S. Narison🇫🇷 · D. Rabetiarivony🇲🇬

   We review our results in\,\cite{ANR22} for the masses and couplings of $T_{ccq{q}^{\prime }}(J^P=0^{+})$ states from (inverse) QCD Laplace sum rule (LSR), their ratios $\mathcal{R}$ and double ratio of sum rules (DRSR) within stability criteria and including Factorized Next-to-Leading Order (FNLO) Perturbative (PT) corrections and Lowest Order (LO) QCD condensates up to $⟨G^3⟩$. We show that combining $\mathcal{R}$ and DRSR can provide more precise results. Calibrated to the observed $X_c(3872)$ and $T_{cc}^{1^{+}}(3875)$, $\mathcal{R}$ combined with DRSR lead to a more precise prediction of $M_{T_{cc}^{0^{+}}}=3883(3)\mathrm{MeV}$. In a similar way, calibrated to the new prediction of $T_{cc}^{0^{+}}$ $\mathcal{R}\oplus$DRSR lead to the improved mass predictions: $M_{T_{cc\bar{s}\bar{u}}^{0^{+}}}=3927(6)\mathrm{MeV}$ and $M_{T_{cc\bar{s}\bar{s}}^{0^{+}}}=3993(11)\mathrm{MeV}$. We extend our analysis to the bottom sector and compare our results with the ones from different LSR predictions and some other determinations (lattice, quark and potential models,...) in the literature.

   hep-phNucl.Part.Phys.Proc.(2023)·0 citations
8. 08*

   Neutrino oscillations unlocked

   Alexei Y Smirnov🇩🇪

   Space-time localization diagrams ``unlock" subtle aspects of $\nu$ oscillations such as coherence and entanglement. Observability of propagation decoherence in oscillating neutrino state is discussed. The sizes of WPs of reactor and source neutrinos are estimated and it is shown that damping effect due to decoherence is negligible. Among topics of interest are transition from microscopic to macroscopic description of matter effects, oscillations in non-linear generalization of Quantum Mechanics, influence of complex structure of vacuum, in particular, possible presence of cosmic strings and domain walls on oscillations, neutrino oscillations driven by the effective neutrino masses generated via refraction on very light dark matter particles.

   hep-phhep-exPoS(2023)·3 citations
9. 09*

   The hadron spectra and pion form factor in dynamical holographic QCD model with anomalous 5D mass of scalar field

   Ruixiang Chen🇨🇳 · Danning Li🇨🇳 · Kazem Bitaghsir Fadafan🇮🇷 · Mei Huang🇨🇳

   The simplest version of the dynamical holographic QCD model is described by adding the KKSS model action on a dilaton-graviton coupled background, in which the AdS${}_5$ metric is deformed by the gluon condensation and further deformed by the chiral condensation. In this framework, both the chiral symmetry breaking and linear confinement can be realized, the light-flavor hadron spectra and the pion form factor were investigated but it was difficult to reconcile the light-flavor hadron spectra and pion form factor. By considering the anomalous 5-dimension mass correction of the scalar field from QCD running coupling, it is found that the light flavor hadron spectra and pion form factor can be described well simultaneously, especially the ground state and lower excitation states of scalar, pseudo scalar and axial vector meson spectra are improved, but the vector meson spectra is not sensitive to the anomalous 5-dimension mass correction of the scalar field.

   hep-phCPC(2023)·9 citations
10. 10*

    Factorization at Next-to-Leading Power and Endpoint Divergences in $gg\to h$ Production

    Ze Long Liu🇨🇭 · Matthias Neubert🇩🇪 · Marvin Schnubel🇩🇪 · Xing Wang🇩🇪

    We derive a factorization theorem for the Higgs-boson production amplitude in gluon-gluon fusion induced by a light-quark loop, working at next-to-leading power in soft-collinear effective theory. The factorization is structurally similar to that obtained for the $h\to \gamma \gamma$ decay amplitude induced by a light-quark loop, but additional complications arise because of external color charges. We show how the refactorization-based subtraction scheme developed in previous work leads to a factorization theorem free of endpoint divergences. We use renormalization-group techniques to predict the logarithmically enhanced terms in the three-loop $gg\to h$ form factor of order ${\alpha }_s^3{\ln }^k(-M_h^2/m_b^2)$ with $k=6,5,4,3$. We also resum the first three towers of leading logarithms, ${\alpha }_s^n{\ln }^{2n-k}(-M_h^2/m_b^2)$ with $k=0,1,2$, to all orders of perturbation theory.

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2023)·47 citations
11. 11*

    Analysis of the Y(4500) as the vector molecular state

    Elif Güngör🇹🇷 · Hayriye Sundu🇹🇷 · Jale Yılmazkaya Süngü🇹🇷 · Elşen Veli Veliev🇹🇷

    The study of hadronic parameters of mesons is of great importance for understanding the nature of strong interactions and QCD vacuum. One of the approaches to investigate these properties is the QCD Sum Rule Method (QCDSR), which has been extensively used for studying masses, decay constants, form factors, decay widths, and so on properties of both traditional and exotic hadrons. Recently BESIII collaboration discovered a new particle with a statistical significance greater than 8{\sigma} in the hidden-charm channel of the e^+ e^- annihilation, denoted as Y(4500). In this study, we investigate the Y(4500) state in the framework of the QCDSR, assuming this particle is a molecular state with quantum numbers J^PC=1^(--). We examined the two-point correlation function and we take into account non-perturbative contributions in OPE side evaluating up to operator dimension 10. We calculate the mass and decay constant of the Y(4500) state and obtain a mass value consistent with the results in the literature. We hope the studies presented in this paper provide new insights to establish the hidden-charm molecular spectrum.

    hep-ph0 citations
12. 12*

    DIS dijet production at next-to-eikonal accuracy in the CGC

    Tolga Altinoluk🇵🇱 · Guillaume Beuf🇵🇱 · Alina Czajka🇵🇱 · Arantxa Tymowska🇵🇱

    We compute dijet production in Deep Inelastic Scattering at low $x$ in the dipole formalism at next-to-eikonal accuracy. We calculate the contributions induced by single photon exchange of either longitudinal or transverse polarization. We include all types of corrections to the eikonal approximation in the gluon background field: (i) finite longitudinal width of the target, (ii) interaction of the quark-antiquark pair with the subleading (transverse) component of the background field and (iii) dynamics of the target which is encoded in the $z^{-}$-coordinate dependence of the background field. The final expressions for the dijet cross section are written as sum of a "generalized eikonal" contribution (where longitudinal momentum $p^{+}$ exchange between the target and the incoming quark-antiquark pair is allowed since the average $z^{-}$ dependence of the background field is kept) and explicit next-to-eikonal corrections that involve decorated dipole and quadrupole operators.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·51 citations
13. 13*

    Double Higgs production at NNLO interfaced to parton showers in GENEVA

    Simone Alioli🇮🇹 · Georgios Billis🇮🇹 · Alessandro Broggio🇮🇹 · Alessandro Gavardi🇮🇹 · Stefan Kallweit🇮🇹 · Matthew A. Lim🇩🇪 · Giulia Marinelli🇮🇹 · Riccardo Nagar🇮🇹 · Davide Napoletano🇮🇹

    In this work, we study the production of Higgs boson pairs at next-to-next-to-leading order in QCD matched to parton showers, using the \textsc{Geneva} framework and working in the heavy-top-limit approximation. This includes the resummation of large logarithms of the zero-jettiness ${\mathcal{T}}_0$ up to the next-to-next-to-next-to-leading-log accuracy. This process features an extremely large momentum transfer, which makes its study particularly relevant for matching schemes such as that employed in \textsc{Geneva}, where the resummation of a variable different from that used in the ordering of the parton shower is used. To further study this effect, we extend the original shower interface designed for \textsc{Pythia8} to include other parton showers, such as \textsc{Dire} and \textsc{Sherpa}.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2023)·31 citations
14. 14*

    Short \& intermediate distance HVP contributions to muon g-2: SM (lattice) prediction versus $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilation data

    Constantia Alexandrou🇨🇾 · Simone Bacchio🇨🇾 · Petros Dimopoulos🇮🇹 · Jacob Finkenrath🇨🇾 · Roberto Frezzotti🇮🇹 · Giuseppe Gagliardi🇮🇹 · Marco Garofalo🇩🇪 · Kyriakos Hadjiyiannakou🇨🇾 · Bartosz Kostrzewa🇩🇪 · Karl Jansen🇩🇪 · Vittorio Lubicz🇮🇹 · Marcus Petschlies🇩🇪 and 4 other authors

    We present new lattice results of the ETM Collaboration, obtained from extensive simulations of lattice QCD with dynamical up, down, strange and charm quarks at physical mass values, different volumes and lattice spacings, concerning the SM prediction for the so-called intermediate window (W) and short-distance (SD) contributions to the leading order hadronic vacuum polarization (LO-HVP) term of the muon anomalous magnetic moment, $a_{\mu }$. Results for $a_{\mu }^{\mathrm{LO}-\mathrm{HVP},\mathrm{W}}$ and $a_{\mu }^{\mathrm{LO}-\mathrm{HVP},\mathrm{SD}}$, besides representing a step forward to a complete lattice computation of $a_{\mu }^{\mathrm{LO}-\mathrm{HVP}}$ and a useful benchmark among lattice groups, are compared here with their dispersive counterparts based on experimental data for $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ into hadrons. The comparison confirms the tension in $a_{\mu }^{\mathrm{LO}-\mathrm{HVP},\mathrm{W}}$, already noted in 2020 by the BMW Collaboration, while showing no tension in $a_{\mu }^{\mathrm{LO}-\mathrm{HVP},\mathrm{SD}}$.

    hep-phhep-lat4 citations
15. 15*

    Performance versus Resilience in Modern Quark-Gluon Tagging

    Anja Butter🇩🇪 · Barry M. Dillon🇩🇪 · Tilman Plehn🇩🇪 · Lorenz Vogel🇩🇪

    Discriminating quark-like from gluon-like jets is, in many ways, a key challenge for many LHC analyses. First, we use a known difference in Pythia and Herwig simulations to show how decorrelated taggers would break down when the most distinctive feature is aligned with theory uncertainties. We propose conditional training on interpolated samples, combined with a controlled Bayesian network, as a more resilient framework. The interpolation parameter can be used to optimize the training evaluated on a calibration dataset, and to test the stability of this optimization. The interpolated training might also be useful to track generalization errors when training networks on simulation.

    hep-phSciPost Phys.Core(2023)·20 citations
16. 16*

    Rare $b$ decays meet high-mass Drell-Yan

    Admir Greljo🇨🇭 · Jakub Salko🇨🇭 · Aleks Smolkovič🇨🇭 · Peter Stangl🇨🇭

    Rare $b$ hadron decays are considered excellent probes of new semileptonic four-fermion interactions of microscopic origin. However, the same interactions also correct the high-mass Drell-Yan tails. In this work, we revisit the first statement in the context of this complementarity and chart the space of short-distance new physics that could show up in rare $b$ decays. We analyze the latest $b\to q{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ measurements, where $q=d$ or $s$ and $\ell =e$ or $\mu$, including the most recent LHCb $R_{K^{(\ast )}}$ update, together with the latest charged and neutral current high-mass Drell-Yan data, $pp\to \ell \nu$ and $pp\to {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$. We implement a sophisticated interpretation pipeline within the flavio framework, allowing us to investigate the multidimensional SMEFT parameter space thoroughly and efficiently. To showcase the new functionalities of flavio, we construct several explicit models featuring either a $Z^{\prime }$ or a leptoquark, which can explain the tension in $b\to s{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ angular distributions and branching fractions while predicting lepton flavor universality (LFU) ratios to be SM-like, $R_{K^{(\ast )}}\approx R_{K^{(\ast )}}^{\mathrm{SM}}$, as indicated by the recent data. Those models are then confronted against the global likelihood, including the high-mass Drell-Yan, either finding tensions or compatibility.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2023)·161 citations
17. 17*

    Constraints on Lepton Universality Violation from Rare $B$ Decays

    Marco Ciuchini🇮🇹 · Marco Fedele🇩🇪 · Enrico Franco🇮🇹 · Ayan Paul🇺🇸 · Luca Silvestrini🇮🇹 · Mauro Valli🇺🇸

    The LHCb collaboration has very recently released a new study of $B^{+}\to K^{+}{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ and $B\to K^{\ast 0}{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ ($\ell =e,\mu$) decays, testing lepton universality with unprecedented accuracy using the whole Run 1 and 2 dataset. In addition, the CMS collaboration has recently reported an improved analysis of the branching ratios $B_{(d,s)}\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$. While these measurements offer, per se, a powerful probe of New Physics, global analyses of $b\to s{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ transitions also rely on the assumptions about nonperturbative contributions to the decay matrix elements. In this work, we perform a global Bayesian analysis of New Physics in (semi)leptonic rare $B$ decays, paying attention to the role of charming penguins which are difficult to evaluate from first principles. We find data to be consistent with the Standard Model once rescattering from intermediate hadronic states is included. Consequently, we derive stringent bounds on lepton universality violation in $|\Delta B|=|\Delta S|=1$ (semi)leptonic processes.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2023)·161 citations
18. 18*

    On the Higgs spectra of the 3-3-1 model with the sextet of scalars engendering the type II seesaw mechanism

    Joao Paulo Pinheiro🇪🇸 · C. A. de S. Pires🇧🇷

    In the 3-3-1 model with right-handed neutrinos, three triplets of scalars engender the correct sequence of symmetry breaking, $SU(3{)}_C\times SU(3{)}_L\times U(1{)}_X\to SU(3{)}_C\times SU(2{)}_L\times U(1{)}_Y\to SU(3{)}_C\times U(1{)}_{EM}$, generating mass for all fermions, except neutrinos. Tiny neutrino masses may be achieved by adding one sextet of scalars to the original scalar content. As consequence, it emerges a very complex scalar sector, involving terms that violate lepton number explicitly, too. The main obstacle to the development of the phenomenology of such scenario is the knowledge of its spectrum of scalars since, now, there are 15 massive scalar particles on it. The proposal of this work is to do an exhaustive analysis of such scalar sector with lepton number being explicitly violated at low, electroweak and high energy scales by means of trilinear terms in the potential. The first case can be addressed analytically and, as a nice result, we have observed that the scalar content of such case is split into two categories: One belonging to the 331 energy scale and the other belonging to the EWSB energy scale, with the last recovering the well known THDM+triplet. For the other cases, the scalar sector can be addressed only numerically. Hence, we proposed a very general approach for the numerical study of the potential, avoiding simplifications that can make us reach conclusions without foundation. We show that, in the case of lepton number being explicitly violated at electroweak scale, it is possible to recover the same physics of the THDM+triplet, as the previous case. Among all the possibilities, we call the attention to one special case which generates the 3HDM+triplet scenario. For the last case, when lepton number is violated at high energy scale, the sextet become very massive and decouples from the original scalar content of the 3-3-1 model.

    hep-phNPB(2023)·5 citations
19. 19*

    Reflections on Bubble Walls

    Isabel Garcia Garcia🇺🇸 · Giacomo Koszegi🇺🇸 · Rudin Petrossian-Byrne🇮🇹

    We discuss the dynamics of expanding bubble walls in the presence of massive dark photons whose mass changes as they cross the wall. For sufficiently thin walls, we show that there exists a transient kinematic regime characterized by a constant reflection probability of longitudinal -- but not transverse -- modes. This effect can have important implications for the dynamics of expanding vacuum bubbles in the early Universe. Most notably, it leads to a new source of pressure on the expanding interface, featuring a non-monotonic dependence on the $\gamma$-factor of the bubble walls and reaching a peak at intermediate $\gamma$-factors that we dub Maximum Dynamic Pressure. When this pressure is large enough to halt the acceleration of the bubble walls, the difference in vacuum energy densities goes into making a fraction of the dark photons relativistic, turning them into dark radiation. If the dark radiation remains relativistic until late times, an observable contribution to $\Delta N_{\text{eff}}$ is possible for phase transitions with strength $\alpha \sim 10^{-2}-10^{-1}$.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thJHEP(2023)·28 citations
20. 20*

    Resonant Anomaly Detection with Multiple Reference Datasets

    Mayee F. Chen🇺🇸 · Benjamin Nachman🇺🇸 · Frederic Sala🇺🇸

    An important class of techniques for resonant anomaly detection in high energy physics builds models that can distinguish between reference and target datasets, where only the latter has appreciable signal. Such techniques, including Classification Without Labels (CWoLa) and Simulation Assisted Likelihood-free Anomaly Detection (SALAD) rely on a single reference dataset. They cannot take advantage of commonly-available multiple datasets and thus cannot fully exploit available information. In this work, we propose generalizations of CWoLa and SALAD for settings where multiple reference datasets are available, building on weak supervision techniques. We demonstrate improved performance in a number of settings with realistic and synthetic data. As an added benefit, our generalizations enable us to provide finite-sample guarantees, improving on existing asymptotic analyses.

    hep-phcs.LGhep-exstat.MLJHEP(2023)·13 citations
21. 21*

    Renormalizing one-point probability distribution function for cosmological counts in cells

    Anton Chudaykin🇨🇦 · Mikhail M. Ivanov🇺🇸 · Sergey Sibiryakov🇨🇦

    We study the one-point probability distribution function (PDF) for matter density averaged over spherical cells. The leading part to the PDF is defined by spherical collapse dynamics, whereas the next-to-leading part comes from the integration over fluctuations around the saddle-point solution. The latter calculation receives sizable contributions from short modes and must be renormalized. We propose a new approach to renormalization by modeling the effective stress-energy tensor for short perturbations. The model contains three free parameters. Two of them are related to the counterterms in the one-loop matter power spectrum and bispectrum, one more parameterizes their redshift dependence. This relation can be used to impose priors in fitting the model to the PDF data. We confront the model with the results of high-resolution N-body simulations and find excellent agreement for cell radii $r_{\ast }\ge 10\mathrm{Mpc}/h$ at all redshifts down to $z=0$. Discrepancies at a few per cent level are detected at low redshifts for $r_{\ast }\le 10\mathrm{Mpc}/h$ and are associated with two-loop corrections to the model.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phhep-thJCAP(2023)·6 citations
22. 22*

    Two-loop matching of the chromo-magnetic dipole operator with the gradient flow

    J. Borgulat🇩🇪 · R. Harlander🇩🇪 · M.D. Rizik🇺🇸 · A. Shindler🇺🇸

    The chromo-magnetic dipole operator is expressed in terms of operators at finite flow time in the gradient-flow formalism. The matching coefficients are evaluated through next-to-next-to-leading order QCD.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPoS(2023)·9 citations
23. 23*

    The isentropic equation of state of (2+1)-flavor QCD: An update based on high precision Taylor expansion and Padé-resummed expansion at finite chemical potentials

    Jishnu Goswami🇯🇵

    The HotQCD Collaboration performed Taylor expansion calculations in 2017 for the pressure, energy density, and entropy density at non-zero chemical potentials up to the $6^{th}$ order. Since then, they have significantly improved the statistics for lattices with temporal extents of $N_{\tau }=8$ and $12$, and have also included results for $N_{\tau }=16$ that were not previously available. They have also calculated the $8^{th}$-order expansion coefficients for $N_{\tau }=8$. These calculations showed that the Taylor series expansion for the pressure is accurate up to ${\mu }_B/T\le 2.5$. In this study, we use the high-statistics results on Taylor expansion coefficients, calculated with HISQ fermions and extrapolated to the continuum limit, to determine the QCD equation of state under conditions relevant for hot and dense matter produced in heavy ion collisions. We also calculate the energy density and pressure along lines of constant entropy per net baryon number.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phnucl-thPoS(2023)·6 citations
24. 24*

    Finite temperature QCD phase transition with 3 flavors of Möbius domain wall fermions

    Yu Zhang🇯🇵 · Yasumichi Aoki🇯🇵 · Shoji Hashimoto🇯🇵 · Issaku Kanamori🇯🇵 · Takashi Kaneko🇯🇵 · Yoshifumi Nakamura🇯🇵

    We investigate the finite temperature QCD phase transition with three degenerate quark flavors using Möbius domain wall fermions. To explore the order of phase transition on the lower left corner of Columbia plot and if possible, to locate the critical endpoint we performed simulations at temperatures around 181 and 121 MeV with lattice spacing $a=0.1361(20)$ fm corresponding to temporal lattice extent $N_{\tau }=8,12$ with varying quark mass for two different volumes with aspect ratios $N_{\sigma }/N_{\tau }$ ranging from 2 to 3. By analyzing the volume and mass dependence of the chiral condensate, disconnected chiral susceptibility and Binder cumulant we find that there is a crossover at $m_q^{\overline{\mathrm{MS}}}(2\mathrm{GeV})\sim 44\mathrm{MeV}$ for ${\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{pc}}\sim$ 181 MeV, At temperature 121 MeV, the binder cumulant suggests a crossover at $m_q^{\overline{\mathrm{MS}}}(2\mathrm{GeV})\sim 3.7\mathrm{MeV}$, although a study of volume dependence would be important to confirm this.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phhep-thnucl-thPoS(2023)·13 citations
25. 25*

    Cosmological stability in $f(\varphi ,\mathcal{G})$ gravity

    Shinji Tsujikawa🇯🇵

    In gravitational theories where a canonical scalar field $\varphi$ with a potential $V(\varphi )$ is coupled to a Gauss-Bonnet (GB) term $\mathcal{G}$ with the Lagrangian $f(\varphi ,\mathcal{G})$, we study the cosmological stability of tensor and scalar perturbations in the presence of a perfect fluid. We show that, in decelerating cosmological epochs with a positive tensor propagation speed squared, the existence of nonlinear functions of $\mathcal{G}$ in $f$ always induces Laplacian instability of a dynamical scalar perturbation associated with the GB term. This is also the case for $f(\mathcal{G})$ gravity, where the presence of nonlinear GB functions $f(\mathcal{G})$ is not allowed during the radiation- and matter-dominated epochs. A linearly coupled GB term with $\varphi$ of the form $\xi (\varphi )\mathcal{G}$ can be consistent with all the stability conditions, provided that the scalar-GB coupling is subdominant to the background cosmological dynamics.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phhep-thPLB(2023)·17 citations
26. 26*

    A novel test of gravity via black hole eikonal correspondence

    Che-Yu Chen🇹🇼 · Yu-Jui Chen🇹🇼 · Meng-Yuan Ho🇹🇼 · Yung-Hsuan Tseng🇹🇼

    When adopted in black hole spacetimes, geometric-optics approximations imply a mapping between the quasinormal mode (QNM) spectrum of black holes in the eikonal limit and black hole images. In particular, the real part and the imaginary part of eikonal QNM frequencies are associated with the apparent size and the detailed structure of the ring images, respectively. This correspondence could be violated when going beyond general relativity. We propose a novel method to test the eikonal correspondence via the comparison of two sets of observables from a nonrotating black hole, one extracted from QNM spectra and the other from the lensed photon rings on the image plane. Specifically, the photon ring observables robustly capture the information of the black hole spacetime itself regardless of the surrounding emission models. Therefore, the proposed test of eikonal correspondence can be validated in quite broad scenarios.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-phhep-thPLB(2023)·28 citations
27. 27*

    Bell inequalities in 2-2 scattering

    Aninda Sinha🇮🇳 · Ahmadullah Zahed🇮🇳

    We consider Bell inequalities in 2-2 scattering of photons, gravitons, fermions and pions. We choose measurement settings that give maximum Bell violation for maximally entangled states and calculate the relevant Bell inequalities for these processes. For photon scattering at low energies, QED exhibits Bell violation for all scattering angles except for a small transverse region. This leads to a fine-tuning problem. Incorporating a light axion/axion-like particle (ALP) removes the fine-tuning problem and constrains the axion-coupling--axion-mass parameters. Allowing for graviton exchange and demanding Bell violation in photon scattering, we find that the Weak Gravity Conjecture is satisfied. Quantum gravity effect on axion coupling is discussed. For 2-2 graviton scattering, we find that CEMZ bounds allow for at most small Bell violations. Restriction on the Weinberg angle is found by demanding Bell violation in Bhabha scattering. We use recent S-matrix bootstrap data for pions and photons to study the Bell parameter in the space of allowed S-matrices. In the photon case, we study the Bell parameters as a function of energy and find support for the EFT observations. We discuss Bell parameter for pion S-matrices, which are qutrits. For pions, we find that there is a minimization of a suitable Bell parameter for S-matrices which exhibit Regge behaviour.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phquant-phPRD(2023)·27 citations
28. 28*

    The hypermagnetic power spectra and the phases of Sakharov oscillations

    Massimo Giovannini🇨🇭

    If the gauge fields are amplified from the inflationary vacuum, the quantum mechanical initial data correspond to travelling waves that turn asymptotically into standing waves whose phases only depend on the evolution of the gauge coupling. We point out that these gauge analogs of the Sakharov oscillations are exchanged by the duality symmetry and ultimately constrain both the relative scaling of the hypermagnetic power spectra and their final asymptotic values. Unlike the case of the density contrasts in a relativistic plasma, the standing oscillations never develop since they are eventually overdamped by the finite value of the conductivity as soon as the corresponding modes are comparable with the expansion rates after inflation. We show that the late-time value of the magnetic field is not determined at radiation dominance (and in spite of the value of the wavenumber) but it depends on the moment when the wavelengths (comparable with the Mpc) get of the order of the Hubble radius before equality. This means that the magnetogenesis requirements are only relaxed if the post-inflationary expansion rate is slower than radiation but the opposite is true when the plasma expands faster than radiation and the corresponding power spectra are further suppressed. After combining the present findings with the evolution of the gauge coupling we show that these results are consistent with a magnetogenesis scenario where the gauge coupling is always perturbative during the inflationary stage while, in the dual case, the same requirements cannot be satisfied.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRD(2023)·2 citations
29. 29*

    $B\to D^{(\ast )}\ell \nu$ at non-zero recoil

    Alejandro Vaquero🇺🇸

    $B$ anomalies play a prominent role in Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) physics searches. In particular, the long standing tension between the inclusive and the exclusive determinations of the CKM matrix element $|V_{cb}|$ and the current tensions in the $R(D)$--$R(D^{\ast })$ plane between theory and experiment have brought the $B\to D^{(\ast )}\ell \nu$ semileptonic processes to the spotlight. Existing lattice-QCD calculations of the $B\to D\ell \nu$ form factors at non-zero recoil are being complemented with very recent developments in the $B\to D^{\ast }\ell \nu$ channel. In this review I discuss recent progress in lattice calculations of $B\to D^{(\ast )}\ell \nu$, as well as the implications of these results for high precision determinations of $|V_{cb}|$ and the Lepton Flavor Universality (LFU) ratios $R(D^{(\ast )})$.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPoS(2022)·6 citations
30. 30*

    Quark mass dependence of hadron resonances

    F. Gil-Domínguez🇪🇸 · R. Molina🇪🇸

    We study the dependence of the $D_{s0}(2317)$ mass on the light quark mass through the analysis of data from QCD lattice simulations. Combining HH$\chi$PT and model selection tools as the LASSO method we fit the lattice data of the low-lying charmed mesons masses, obtaining their extrapolation to the physical point and extracting results for the quark mass dependence of the exotic resonances $D_{s0}(2317)$ and $D_{s1}(2460)$, taking as input the energy levels from a lattice simulation.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPoS(2023)·0 citations
31. 31*

    Looking forward: Photon induced processes with tagged protons at the CMS experiment

    Michele Gallinaro (on behalf of the CMS and TOTEM Collaborations)🇵🇹

    Photon induced processes can be used as a sensitive probe of new physics searches and can be studied using exclusive processes. These processes lead to unprecedented sensitivities on quartic anomalous couplings between photons and W and Z bosons, and new physics searches. By tagging the leading proton from the hard interaction, the Precision Proton Spectrometer (PPS) provides an increased sensitivity to select exclusive processes. PPS is designed to operate in standard high-luminosity runs at the LHC to perform measurements of e.g. the quartic gauge couplings and search for rare exclusive processes. The first results obtained with PPS, and the status of the ongoing program are discussed.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phActa Phys.Polon.Supp.(2023)·0 citations
32. 32*

    New universal property of cosmological gravitational wave anisotropies

    Ameek Malhotra🇦🇺 · Ema Dimastrogiovanni🇳🇱 · Guillem Domènech🇮🇹 · Matteo Fasiello🇪🇸 · Gianmassimo Tasinato🇬🇧

    The anisotropies of the stochastic gravitational wave background, as produced in the early phases of cosmological evolution, can act as a key probe of the primordial universe particle content. We point out a new universal property of gravitational wave anisotropies of cosmological origin: for adiabatic initial conditions, their angular power spectrum is insensitive to the equation of state of the cosmic fluid driving the expansion before big-bang nucleosynthesis. Any deviation from this universal behaviour points to the presence of non-adiabatic sources of primordial fluctuations. Such scenarios can be tested by gravitational wave detectors operating at a frequency range which is fully complementary to CMB experiments. In this work we prove this general result, and we illustrate its consequences for a representative realisation of initial conditions based on the curvaton scenario. In the case of the simplest curvaton setup, we also find a significant cross-correlation between gravitational wave anisotropies and the CMB temperature fluctuations. There is a fourfold enhancement vis-à-vis the purely adiabatic scenario. We discuss the implications of our findings for identifying the origin of the (cosmological) gravitational wave background when, as is often the case, this cannot be determined solely on the basis of its spectral shape.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phhep-thPRD(2023)·29 citations
33. 33*

    Radon Decays and Their Implications for Elementary Particle Physics

    C. Scarlett · E. Fischbach · B. Freeman · J. J. Coy · P. Edwards · R. Burkhart · O. Piatibratova · T. Monsue · A. Egoh · L. Mwibanda · A. Alsayegh

    This paper presents a new analysis of the observations of radon decay in an enclosed environment by the Geological Survey of Israel (GSI) between 2007 and 2012 [4]; for a more complete list of experiments performed by GSI on radon see also references [1-3]. The data exhibit a large peak around local noon followed by an abrupt drop, and by a second peak around 6PM local time. Additionally, there is also a very low amplitude peak occurring before daybreak. The salient features of the GSI radon decay data can be modeled as arising from a change in the radon decay rate, rather than due to the changes in the local concentration of radon (N0). Such a model may provide a clue to long theorized axionic, dark matter, interactions. Finally, new experimentation is suggested that can distinguish between changes in N0 versus changes in decay rate. Should a follow-up experiment show an effect similar to that seen in GSI, this could have significant implications for elementary particle physics.

    ↳ nucl-exhep-phnucl-th0 citations
34. 34*

    New insights into the pole parameters of the $\Lambda (1380)$, the $\Lambda (1405)$ and the $\Sigma (1385)$

    Daniel Sadasivan🇨🇱 · Maxim Mai🇺🇸 · Michael Döring🇺🇸 · Ulf-G. Meißner🇩🇪 · Felipe Amorim🇨🇱 · John Paul Klucik🇨🇱 · Jun-Xu Lu🇨🇳 · Li-Sheng Geng🇨🇳

    A coupled-channel S- and P-wave next-to-leading order chiral-unitary approach for strangeness $S=-1$ meson-baryon scattering is extended to include the new data from the KLOE and AMADEUS experiments as well as the $\Lambda \pi$ mass distribution of the $\Sigma (1385)$. The positions of the poles on the second Riemann sheet corresponding to the $\Sigma (1385)$ pole and the $\Lambda (1380)$ and $\Lambda (1405)$ poles as well as the couplings of these states to various channels are calculated. We find that the resonance positions and branching ratios are on average determined with about 20\% higher precision when including the KLOE and AMADEUS data. Additionally, for the first time, the correlations between the parameters of the poles are investigated and shown to be relevant. We also find that the $\Sigma (1385)$ has negligible influence on the properties of the $\Lambda$ states given the available data. Still, we identify isospin-1 cusp structures in the present solution in light of new measurements of ${\pi }^{\pm }\Lambda$ line-shapes by the Belle collaboration.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exFront.Phys.(2023)·17 citations
35. 35*

    Obtaining gluon propagator in a new generalized gauge

    Jale Y. Sungu🇹🇷 · Arzu Turkan🇹🇷 · Elsen Veli Veliev🇹🇷

    Gauge theories play a fundamental role in particle physics, nuclear physics, and cosmology. The basic idea of these theories is that the Lagrangian density should be invariant under some transformations. Lagrangian invariance implies a certain freedom in defining gauge fields. In this study, the standard path integral quantization formalism is used. Gauge degrees of freedom manifest themselves in the difficulties in obtaining gauge field propagators. For a consistent quantization, it is necessary to eliminate non-physical gauge degrees of freedom. The standard procedure is to break the gauge symmetry by applying a gauge condition. In this work, we introduced a new generalized gauge condition $W_{\mu }{A}^{a\mu }=0$, where $W_{\mu }=\lambda {\partial }_{\mu }+\beta n_{\mu }$, $n_{\mu }$ is an arbitrary constant four-vector, $\lambda$, and $\beta$ are real constant parameters. Using standard path integral quantization formalism, we obtained gluon propagators expressions in this new gauge. In the $\lambda =1,\beta \to 0$, and $\beta =1,\lambda \to 0$ limit cases, the obtained expression provides us the gluon propagators expressions available in the literature in covariant and non-covariant gauges, respectively. This study can give us a different perspective on quantization in Yang-Mills (YM) theories and can show the way to some ambiguities in quantum field theories (QFT).

    ↳ hep-thhep-ph0 citations
36. 36*

    Pierre Auger Observatory and Super Heavy Dark Matter

    Roberto Aloisio (for the Pierre Auger Collaboration)🇮🇹

    We briefly discuss the connection of the Pierre Auger Observatory data with a large class of dark matter models based on the early universe generation of super heavy particles, their role in the solution of the dark matter problem, highlighting the remarkable constraining capabilities of the Auger observations.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-exhep-phEPJ Web Conf.(2023)·6 citations
37. 37*

    Quasar UV/X-ray relation luminosity distances are shorter than reverberation-measured radius-luminosity relation luminosity distances

    Narayan Khadka🇺🇸 · Michal Zajaček🇨🇿 · Raj Prince🇵🇱 · Swayamtrupta Panda🇧🇷 · Bożena Czerny🇵🇱 · Mary Loli Martínez-Aldama🇨🇱 · Vikram Kumar Jaiswal🇵🇱 · Bharat Ratra🇺🇸

    We use measurements of 59/58 quasars (QSOs), over a redshift range $0.0041\le z\le 1.686$, to do a comparative study of the radius--luminosity ($R-L$) and X-ray$-$UV luminosity ($L_X-L_{UV}$) relations and the implication of these relations for cosmological parameter estimation. By simultaneously determining $R-L$ or $L_X-L_{UV}$ relation parameters and cosmological parameters in six different cosmological models, we find that both $R-L$ and $L_X-L_{UV}$ relations are standardizable but provide only weak cosmological parameter constraints, with $L_X-L_{UV}$ relation data favoring larger current non-relativistic matter density parameter ${\Omega }_{m0}$ values than $R-L$ relation data and most other available data. We derive $L_X-L_{UV}$ and $R-L$ luminosity distances for each of the sources in the six cosmological models and find that $L_X-L_{UV}$ relation luminosity distances are shorter than $R-L$ relation luminosity distances as well as standard flat $\Lambda$CDM model luminosity distances. This explains why $L_X-L_{UV}$ relation QSO data favor larger ${\Omega }_{m0}$ values than do $R-L$ relation QSO data or most other cosmological measurements. While our sample size is small and only spans a small $z$ range, these results indicate that more work is needed to determine whether the $L_X-L_{UV}$ relation can be used as a cosmological probe.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thMNRAS(2023)·34 citations
38. 38*

    Constraints on strong phase transitions in neutron stars

    Tyler Gorda🇩🇪 · Kai Hebeler🇩🇪 · Aleksi Kurkela🇳🇴 · Achim Schwenk🇩🇪 · Aleksi Vuorinen🇫🇮

    We study current bounds on strong first-order phase transitions (PTs) along the equation of state (EOS) of dense strongly interacting matter in neutron stars, under the simplifying assumption that on either side of the PT the EOS can be approximated by a simple polytropic form. We construct a large ensemble of possible EOSs of this form, anchor them to chiral effective field theory calculations at nuclear density and perturbative QCD at high densities, and subject them to astrophysical constraints from high-mass pulsars and gravitational-wave observations. Within this setup, we find that a PT permits neutron-star solutions with larger radii, but only if the transition begins below twice nuclear saturation density. We also identify a large parameter space of allowed PTs currently unexplored by numerical-relativity studies. Additionally, we locate a small region of parameter space allowing twin-star solutions, though we find them to only marginally pass the current astrophysical constraints. Finally, we find that sizeable cores of high-density matter beyond the PT may be located in the centers of some stable neutron stars, primarily those with larger masses.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phnucl-thApJ(2023)·54 citations
39. 39*

    Thermalization, Fragmentation and Tidal Disruption: The Complex Galactic Dynamics of Dark Matter Superfluidity

    Lasha Berezhiani🇩🇪 · Giordano Cintia🇩🇪 · Justin Khoury🇺🇸

    The idea of self-interacting bosonic dark matter capable of exhibiting superfluidity is revisited. We show that the most interesting parameter space of the theory corresponds to fully thermalized dark matter halos. As a result the entire halo undergoes Bose-Einstein condensation due to high degeneracy. Since it is observationally preferable for the dark matter density profile to be similar to cold dark matter in the outskirts of the halo, we argue that the Jeans wavelength must be at least few times shorter than the virial radius. This entails that, upon condensation, a dark matter halo fragments into superfluid clumps. However, we demonstrate that these would-be solitons experience strong tidal disruption and behave as virialized weakly interacting streams. An exception is the central soliton, which can be as large as few tens of kiloparsecs in size without contradicting observational bounds. As a result, in dwarf galaxies, the observed rotation curves can be completely contained within the superfluid soliton. In this case, the dark matter distribution is expected to be strongly sensitive to the baryonic density profile. We argue that the diversity of rotation curves observed for dwarf galaxies is a natural consequence of the superfluid dark matter scenario.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.GAgr-qchep-ph+1PRD(2023)·15 citations
40. 40*

    No Proca Photons

    Florian Steininger🇦🇹 · Thomas Mieling🇦🇹 · Piotr T. Chruściel🇦🇹

    We show that the Proca equation in vacuum, as well as its plausible modifications in dielectric media, is incompatible with experimental evidence, no matter how small the Proca mass is.

    ↳ physics.class-phhep-phhep-thPRD(2023)·2 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.