Mon·Nov 21, 2022Monday·November 21, 2022

1. 01*

   Muon $g-2$ in a 2HDM assisted by inert scalars: probing at the ILC

   Nabarun Chakrabarty🇮🇳 · Indrani Chakraborty🇮🇳

   A Two-Higgs doublet model (2HDM) can predict the observed muon $g-2$ for an appropriately light pseudoscalar that now faces tight constraints. However, It was shown in past that augmenting the 2HDM by an additional inert doublet can lead to an explanation to the muon $g-2$ anomaly for a much heavier pseudoscalar. In this study, we probe such a framework at the proposed International Linear Collider (ILC) using beam polarization for $\sqrt{s}$ = 1 TeV. Using multivariate techniques, we analyse the signals $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}+$ missing transverse energy and $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}+$ missing transverse energy in the lepton- and muon-specific versions of the framework respectively. Our analysis reveals that the $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ machine operating at a 3000 fb${}^{-1}$ luminosity predicts a 5$\sigma$ discovery of a pseudoscalar as heavy as 400 GeV. Comparing with the previous study, it is concluded that the ILC is a much more potent machine than the LHC in this regard.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·4 citations
2. 02*

   Non-equilibrium evolution of quarkonium in medium in the open quantum system approach

   Michael Strickland🇺🇸

   In this proceedings contribution, I review recent work that aims to provide a more comprehensive and systematic understanding of bottomonium dynamics in the quark-gluon plasma using an open quantum system (OQS) approach that is applied in the framework of the potential non-relativistic QCD (pNRQCD) effective field theory and coupled to realistic hydrodynamical backgrounds that have been tuned to soft hadron observables. I review how the computation of bottomonium suppression can be reduced to solving a Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad (GKSL) equation for the evolution of the b-bbar reduced density matrix, which includes both singlet and octet states plus medium-induced transitions between them at next-to-leading order (NLO) in the binding energy over temperature. Finally, I present comparisons of phenomenological predictions of the NLO OQS+pNRQCD approach and experimental data for bottomonium suppression and elliptic flow in LHC 5.02 TeV Pb-Pb collisions obtained using both smooth and fluctuating hydrodynamic initial conditions.

   hep-phnucl-th1 citation
3. 03*

   Origin of the Proton Mass

   Craig D. Roberts🇨🇳

   Atomic nuclei lie at the core of everything visible; and at the first level of approximation, their atomic weights are simply the sum of the masses of all the neutrons and protons (nucleons) they contain. Each nucleon has a mass $m_N\approx 1\mathrm{GeV}\approx 2000$-times the electron mass. The Higgs boson -- discovered at the large hadron collider in 2012, a decade ago -- produces the latter, but what generates the nucleon mass? This is a pivotal question. The answer is widely supposed to lie within quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the strong-interaction piece of the Standard Model. Yet, it is far from obvious. In fact, removing Higgs-boson couplings into QCD, one arrives at a scale invariant theory, which, classically, can't support any masses at all. This contribution sketches forty years of developments in QCD, which suggest a solution to the puzzle, and highlight some of the experiments that can validate the picture.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-ex+1EPJ Web Conf.(2023)·25 citations
4. 04*

   Portal Matter, Kinetic Mixing, and Muon $g-2$

   George N. Wojcik🇺🇸 · Lisa L. Everett🇺🇸 · Shu Tian Eu🇺🇸 · Ricardo Ximenes🇺🇸

   We present a minimal construction using leptonic portal matter that addresses the muon $g-2$ anomaly. While the chiral enhancement mechanism is reminiscent of that of fermiophobic $Z^{\prime }$ gauge models, the parameter space motivated by the kinetic mixing/vector portal dark matter model paradigm is vastly different and can be readily explored in current and forthcoming experiments.

   hep-phPLB(2023)·18 citations
5. 05*

   Probing dark matter with polarimetry techniques

   Aldo Ejlli🇬🇧 · Sander M. Vermeulen🇬🇧 · Eyal Schwartz🇬🇧 · Lorenzo Aiello🇬🇧 · Hartmut Grote🇬🇧

   In this work, we propose polarimetry experiments to search for low-mass (sub-eV) bosonic field dark matter, including axions and axion-like particles. We show that a polarimetry configuration consisting of a thick birefringent solid inside a Fabry-Pérot cavity is exceptionally sensitive to scalar field dark matter, which may cause oscillatory variations in the solid's thickness and refractive index. In addition, we show that a reconfiguration of this polarimetry experiment, in which two quarter-wave plates are placed inside the Fabry-Pérot cavity instead of a thick birefringent solid, is very sensitive to axion-like particles. We investigate the possibility of using cross-correlation of twin polarimeters to increase the sensitivity of the experiment, which in turn could allow us to explore unexplored parts of the parameter space and potentially detect a signal in either dark matter scenario.

   hep-phastro-ph.IMPRD(2023)·10 citations
6. 06*

   Holographic dense QCD in the Veneziano limit

   Matti Jarvinen🇰🇷

   Solving the properties of dense QCD matter is an extremely challenging problem because standard theoretical tools do not work at intermediate densities. The gauge/gravity duality may help to provide answers in this region. I give a brief review of recent progress in this field, focusing on the V-QCD model, which is one of the most sophisticated holographic models of QCD. I discuss predictions for the phase diagram, the equation of state, and properties of baryons. I apply these results to analyze the properties of neutron stars and to quark matter production in neutron star mergers.

   hep-phhep-thEPJ Web Conf.(2022)·11 citations
7. 07*

   Low-scale leptogenesis and dark matter in a three-loop radiative seesaw model

   Osamu Seto🇯🇵 · Tetsuo Shindou🇯🇵 · Takanao Tsuyuki🇯🇵

   We show that three open questions in particle physics and cosmology: the origin of neutrino mass, the identity of dark matter, and the origin of the baryon asymmetry of the universe can be explained simultaneously in the three-loop seesaw model proposed by Krauss, Nasri, and Trodden. We discuss the difficulty of successful leptogenesis with three right-handed neutrinos, and we propose a scenario with four right-handed neutrinos that satisfies all observational constraints. This scenario predicts a sleptonlike particle as light as a few hundreds GeV that can be probed by future collider experiments.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·3 citations
8. 08*

   Conditions for Suppressing Dimension-five Proton Decay in Renormalizable SUSY $SO(10)$ GUT

   Naoyuki Haba🇯🇵 · Toshifumi Yamada🇯🇵

   The SUSY $SO(10)$ GUT is in severe tension with the experimental bounds on proton partial lifetimes because proton decay mediated by colored Higgsinos (dimension-five proton decay) is too rapid. In this paper, we pursue the possibility that a texture of the Yukawa coupling matrices in a renormalizable SUSY $SO(10)$ GUT model suppresses dimension-five proton decay. We focus on a general renormalizable SUSY $SO(10)$ GUT model which contains $10+126+\overline{126}+120$ representation fields and where the Yukawa coupling matrices of the $16$ matter fields with the $10$, $\overline{126}$, $120$ fields, $Y_{10},Y_{126},Y_{120}$, provide the quark and lepton Yukawa couplings and Majorana mass of the singlet neutrinos. We find that if components in certain flavor bases, $(Y_{10}{)}_{u_R{d}_R}$, $(Y_{126}{)}_{u_R{d}_R}$, $(Y_{10}{)}_{u_R{s}_R}$, $(Y_{126}{)}_{u_R{s}_R}$, $(Y_{10}{)}_{u_L{d}_L}$, $(Y_{126}{)}_{u_L{d}_L}$, $(Y_{10}{)}_{u_L{s}_L}$, $(Y_{126}{)}_{u_L{s}_L}$, $(Y_{10}{)}_{u_L{u}_L}$, $(Y_{126}{)}_{u_L{u}_L}$, are all on the order of the up quark Yukawa coupling, dimension-five proton decay can be suppressed while the Yukawa coupling matrices still reproduce the realistic quark and lepton masses and flavor mixings. We numerically obtain specific Yukawa coupling matrices satisfying the above conditions, calculate proton partial lifetimes from them and evaluate how dimension-five proton decay is suppressed when these conditions are met.

   hep-phJHEP(2023)·3 citations
9. 09*

   Conventional mesons below 2 GeV

   Francesco Giacosa🇵🇱

   We briefly review the status of various conventional quark-antiquark mesons below 2 GeV and outline some open questions: the status of the strange-antistrange orbitally excited vector meson, the status of the nonet of axial-tensor mesons (chiral partners of the well known tensor mesons), and the isoscalar mixing angle in the pseudotensor sector, which can eventually represent a novel manifestation of the chiral anomaly.

   hep-phEPJ Web Conf.(2022)·0 citations
10. 10*

    Collider phenomenology of new neutral scalars in a flavoured multi-Higgs model

    Pedro M. Ferreira🇵🇹 · João Gonçalves🇵🇹 · António P. Morais🇵🇹 · António Onofre🇵🇹 · Roman Pasechnik🇸🇪 · Vasileios Vatellis🇵🇹

    In this work, we propose and explore for the first time a new collider signature of heavy neutral scalars typically found in many distinct classes of multi-Higgs models. This signature, particular relevant in the context of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) measurements, is based on a topology with two charged leptons and four jets arising from first and second generation quarks. As an important benchmark scenario of the multi-Higgs models, we focus on a recently proposed Branco-Grimus-Lavoura (BGL) type model enhanced with an abelian U(1) flavour symmetry and featuring an additional sector of right-handed neutrinos. We discuss how kinematics of the scalar fields in this model can be used to efficiently separate the signal from the dominant backgrounds and explore the discovery potential of the new heavy scalars in the forthcoming LHC runs. The proposed method can be applied for analysis of statistical significance of heavy scalars' production at the LHC and future colliders in any multi-Higgs model.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·2 citations
11. 11*

    Differential heavy quark pair production at small $x$

    Federico Silvetti🇮🇹 · Marco Bonvini🇮🇹

    We consider the production of a heavy quark pair in proton-proton collisions. For bottom and charm quarks, the final state invariant mass is typically much smaller than the collider energy (e.g. at the LHC), so that high-energy logarithms may spoil the perturbativity of the theoretical prediction at fixed order. The resummation of these logarithms to all orders is thus needed to obtain reliable predictions. In this work, we extend previous results on high-energy (or small-$x$) resummation to differential distributions in rapidity, transverse momentum and invariant mass, and implement them in the public code HELL.

    hep-phEPJC(2023)·44 citations
12. 12*

    Medium-induced radiation with vacuum propagation in the pre-hydrodynamics phase

    Carlota Andres🇫🇷 · Liliana Apolinário🇵🇹 · Fabio Dominguez🇪🇸 · Marcos Gonzalez Martinez🇪🇸 · Carlos A. Salgado🇪🇸

    The recent discovery of the potential of jet quenching observables to constrain the initial stages after a heavy-ion collision makes imperative to have a better understanding of the process of medium-induced radiation before the formation of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) and its impact on observables at high-$p_T$. In this work, we generalize the BDMPS-Z framework for medium-induced radiation to account for additional emissions occurring before the creation of the QGP. For simplicity, we assume that during the pre-hydrodynamics phase the hard parton propagates as in vacuum. This set-up, allows us to isolate the contribution from the additional initial radiation by comparing with the usual scenarios in which the emitter is created inside the medium but with different starting points. Using both a numerical implementation of the fully resummed emission spectrum and the usual analytical approximations, we find that replacing an initial slab of the medium by vacuum yields to a significant reduction of the emission spectrum for low radiated gluon energies, while the high-energy tails remain largely unmodified. Finally, we assess the effect of replacing the initial medium by vacuum propagation on the single-inclusive particle suppression $R_{AA}$ and high-$p_T$ azimuthal asymmetry $v_2$. Our findings indicate that considering vacuum propagation prior to hydrodynamization leads to an increase in the $v_2$, thus corroborating the importance of the treatment of jet quenching in the initial stages for the correct description of both observables.

    hep-phnucl-thJHEP(2023)·27 citations
13. 13*

    Spectral Clustering for Jet Reconstruction

    G. Cerro (1)🇬🇧 · S. Dasmahapatra (1)🇬🇧 · H. A. Day-Hall (1, 2 and 3)🇬🇧 · B. Ford (1)🇬🇧 · S. Jain (1)🇬🇧 · S. Moretti (1 and 4)🇬🇧 · C. Shepherd-Themistocleous (2) ((1) University of Southampton, UK, (2) Rutherford Appleton laboratory, UK, (3) Czech Technical University, Prague, (4) University of Uppsala, Sweden)🇬🇧

    We present a new approach to jet definition alternative to clustering methods, such as the anti-$k_T$ scheme, that exploit kinematic data directly. Instead the new method uses kinematic information to represent the particles in a multidimensional space, as in spectral clustering. After confirming its Infra-Red (IR) safety, we compare its performance in analysing $gg\to H_{125\mathrm{GeV}}\to H_{40\mathrm{GeV}}{H}_{40\mathrm{GeV}}\to b\bar{b}b\bar{b}$, $gg\to H_{500\mathrm{GeV}}\to H_{125\mathrm{GeV}}{H}_{125\mathrm{GeV}}\to b\bar{b}b\bar{b}$ and $gg,q\bar{q}\to t\bar{t}\to b\bar{b}{W}^{+}{W}^{-}\to b\bar{b}jjl\nu l$ events from Monte Carlo (MC) samples, specifically, in reconstructing the relevant final states, to that of the anti-$k_T$ algorithm. Finally, we show that the results for spectral clustering are obtained without any change in the parameter settings of the algorithm, unlike the anti-$k_T$ case, which requires the cone size to be adjusted to the physics process under study.

    hep-phhep-exPoS·1 citation
14. 14*

    Accidental symmetries in the scalar potential of the Standard Model extended with two Higgs triplets

    Xin Wang🇨🇳 · Yilin Wang · Shun Zhou🇨🇳

    The two-Higgs-triplet model (2HTM) provides us with an attractive way to simultaneously account for tiny neutrino masses and the observed matter-antimatter asymmetry in our Universe. In this talk, we study the accidental symmetries of the scalar potential in the 2HTM using the bilinear-field formalism. Based on the group-theoretical arguments, we prove that the maximal symmetry group is $\mathrm{SO}(4)$. We carefully analyze all the subgroups of $\mathrm{SO}(4)$, and find that there are eight distinct kinds of accidental symmetries in the scalar potential of the 2HTM.

    hep-phPoS(2022)·0 citations
15. 15*

    Electromagnetic form factors of the $B_c$-like tetraquarks: molecular and diquark-antidiquark pictures

    Ulaş Özdem🇹🇷

    In this study, we use the molecular and diquark-antidiquark tetraquark pictures to investigate magnetic and quadrupole moments of the $B_c$-like ground state tetraquarks with the QCD light-cone sum rules with quantum numbers $J^P=1^{+}$. In the numerical analysis, to obtain the magnetic and quadrupole moments of $B_c$-like tetraquark states molecular and diquark-antidiquark forms of interpolating currents, and photon distribution amplitudes have been used. The magnetic moments are acquired as ${\mu }_{Z_{uc\bar{u}\bar{b}}}^{Mol}=1.18_{-0.40}^{+0.52}{\mu }_N$, ${\mu }_{Z_{uc\bar{u}\bar{b}}}^{Di}=3.05_{-0.95}^{+1.19}{\mu }_N$, ${\mu }_{Z_{dc\bar{d}\bar{b}}}^{Mol}=0.32_{-0.10}^{+0.18}{\mu }_N$, and ${\mu }_{Z_{dc\bar{d}\bar{b}}}^{Di}=2.38_{-0.75}^{+0.95}{\mu }_N$. The hadrons' magnetic and quadrupole moments are another fundamental observable as their mass, which provides information on the underlying quark structure and dynamics. The results obtained in both pictures are quite different from each other. Any experimental measurement of the magnetic moments can provide an understanding of the internal structure of these states. We get nonzero but small values for the quadrupole moments of $B_c$-like tetraquark states showing non-spherical charge distributions. Hopefully, the examinations given in this study will be helpful to an experimental search of them, which will be an interesting research subject.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latPLB(2023)·21 citations
16. 16*

    Meson-$\Delta$ and meson-nucleon-$\Delta$ transition coupling constants in the soft-wall model of holographic QCD at finite temperature

    Narmin Nasibova🇦🇿

    In this paper, minimal coupling constants of meson-$\Delta$ baryon and meson-nucleon to $\Delta$ baryon transition have been investigated in the AdS/QCD soft-wall model at finite temperature limits. Initially, the right and left profile functions of $\Delta$ baryons have been calculated using the Rarita-Schwinger field in this model. After this, coupling constants have been written by taking into account the profile functions of thermal hadrons according to the zero-temperature case. Then, the temperature dependence graphs are plotted for strong couplings $g_{\rho \Delta \Delta }(T)$, $g_{a_1\Delta \Delta }(T)$ and $g_{\rho N\Delta }(T)$. As a result, it has been observed by an increase in the temperature, values of the minimal coupling constants decreased and approached zero nearby Hawking temperature.

    hep-phLHEP(2022)·1 citation
17. 17*

    QuantumFDTD -- A computational framework for the relativistic Schrödinger equation

    Rafael L. Delgado🇪🇸 · Sebastian Steinbeißer🇩🇪 · Michael Strickland🇺🇸 · Johannes H. Weber🇩🇪

    We extend the publicly available quantumfdtd code. It was originally intended for solving the time-independent three-dimensional Schrödinger equation via the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method and for extracting the ground, first, and second excited states. We (a) include the case of the relativistic Schrödinger equation and (b) add two optimized FFT-based kinetic energy terms for the non-relativistic case. All the three new kinetic terms are computed using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). We release the resulting code as version 3 of quantumfdtd. Finally, the code now supports arbitrary external file-based potentials and the option to project out distinct parity eigenstates from the solutions. Our goal is quark models used for phenomenological descriptions of QCD bound states, described by the three-dimensional Schrödinger equation. However, we target any field where solving either the non-relativistic or the relativistic three-dimensional Schrödinger equation is required.

    hep-phhep-latphysics.comp-phquant-phEPJ Web Conf.(2022)·0 citations
18. 18*

    Quarkonium production and polarization: where do we stand?

    Hee Sok Chung🇰🇷

    We review the current status of heavy quarkonium production phenomenology based on nonrelativistic effective field theories, focusing on spin-triplet $S$-wave states such as $J/\psi$, $\psi (2S)$, and ${\rm Y}$. We present some representative examples for heavy quarkonium production mechanisms proposed in the literature, which vary significantly depending on the choice of data employed in analyses. We then discuss the rôle of polarization in discriminating between the different possible scenarios for quarkonium production. Other observables that may be useful in pinpointing the production mechanism are also introduced, such as the ${\eta }_c$ production, associated production of $J/\psi$ plus a gauge boson, and $J/\psi$ production at the Electron-Ion Collider.

    hep-phEPJ Web Conf.(2022)·6 citations
19. 19*

    Modelling Heavy Neutral Leptons in Accelerator Beamlines

    Komninos-John Plows🇬🇧 · Xianguo Lu🇬🇧

    Heavy Neutral Leptons (HNLs) with masses $\mathcal{O}(0.1-1\text{GeV}/c^2)$ are promising candidates for the simultaneous explanation of the smallness of the observed neutrino masses as well as the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the observable Universe. These particles can be produced in the decay of hadrons typically produced in a neutrino beamline used for oscillation experiments, and have sufficient lifetime to propagate to a near detector, where they decay to observable particles. For the approximation of a single new mass eigenstate mixing with the Standard Model via the lepton mixing matrix, a simulation framework based on the GENIE event generator has been developed. This module is designed to facilitate searches for HNL through a unified, minimal interface employing a detailed treatment of the kinematics and dynamics of massive unstable neutrinos, with a transparently organised suite of physics effects tracking the HNL from its production to its decay. These mechanisms are expounded on in the current work, underlining the rich landscape for novel, non-trivial physics that has already been identified in previous literature. This framework is an ongoing effort to provide a consistent and comprehensive description of heavy neutrinos from particle decays. We highlight use cases and future applications of interest to the accelerator neutrino community.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2023)·11 citations
20. 20*

    The hybrid nonet of ${\pi }_1(1600)$ and ${\eta }_1(1855)$: analysis and predictions for the kaonic members

    Vanamali Shastry🇵🇱

    The hybrid mesons form a part of the exotic spectrum of the standard model. The recent observation of the isoscalar hybrid, called the ${\eta }_1(1855)$, provides an important step towards the completion of the $1^{-+}$ nonet. In the present work, we analyze the masses and two-body decays of the members of this nonet using a model hadronic Lagrangian. The isovector ${\pi }_1(1600)$ has been studied extensively - both experimentally and on lattice. We use the available experimental and lattice data to extract the coupling constants. Using these parameters, we analyze the possible decay channels for the hybrid kaons.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latPoS(2022)·4 citations
21. 21*

    An overview on low mass scalars at future lepton colliders

    Tania Robens🇭🇷

    Although many suggestions for BSM searches at future colliders exist, most of them concentrate on additional scalars that have masses higher than the current SM scalar mass. I will give a short overview on the current status of models and searches for scalars with masses below this. This work is mainly based on arXiv:2203.08210, arXiv:2205.09687.

    hep-phPoS·3 citations
22. 22*

    NLO Oriented Event-Shape Distributions for Massive Quarks

    Alejandro Bris🇪🇸 · Nestor G. Gracia🇪🇸 · Vicent Mateu🇪🇸

    In this article we compute the cross section for the process $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to Q\overline{Q}+X$, with $Q$ a heavy quark, differential in a given event shape $e$ and the angle ${\theta }_T$ between the thrust axis and the beam direction. These observables are usually referred to as oriented event shapes, and it has been shown that the ${\theta }_T$ dependence can be split in two structures, dubbed the unoriented and angular terms. Since the unoriented part is already known, we compute the differential and cumulative distributions in fixed-order for the angular part up to $\mathcal{O}({\alpha }_s)$. Our results show that, for the vector current, there is a non-zero $\mathcal{O}({\alpha }_s^0)$ contribution, in contrast to the axial-vector current or for massless quarks. This entails that for the vector current one should expect singular terms at $\mathcal{O}({\alpha }_s)$ as well as infrared divergences in real- and virtual-radiation diagrams that should cancel when added up. On the phenomenological side, and taking into account that electroweak factors enhance the vector current, it implies that finite bottom-mass effects are an important correction since they are not damped by a power of the strong coupling and therefore cannot be neglected in precision studies. Finally, we show that the total angular distribution for the vector current has a Sommerfeld enhancement at threshold.

    hep-phJHEP(2023)·3 citations
23. 23*

    Representation of the RG-invariant quantities in perturbative QCD through powers of the conformal anomaly

    A.L. Kataev🇷🇺 · V.S. Molokoedov🇷🇺

    In this work we consider the possibility of representing the perturbative series for renormalization group invariant quantities in QCD in the form of their decomposition in powers of the conformal anomaly $\beta ({\alpha }_s)/{\alpha }_s$ in the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$-scheme. We remind that such expansion is possible for the Adler function of the process of $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilation into hadrons and the coefficient function of the Bjorken polarized sum rule for the deep-inelastic electron-nucleon scattering, which are both related by the Crewther-Broadhurst-Kataev relation. In addition, we study the discussed decomposition for the static quark-antiquark Coulomb-like potential, its relation with the quantity defined by the cusp anomalous dimension and the coefficient function of the Bjorken unpolarized sum rule of neutrino-nucleon scattering. In conclusion we also present the formal results of applying this approach to the non-renormalization invariant ratio between the pole and $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$-scheme running mass of heavy quark in QCD and compare them with those already known in the literature. The arguments in favor of the validity of the considered representation in powers of $\beta ({\alpha }_s)/{\alpha }_s$ for all mentioned perturbative quantities are discussed.

    hep-phPhys.Part.Nucl.(2023)·8 citations
24. 24*

    Criticality of the $O(N)$ universality via global solutions to nonperturbative fixed-point equations

    Yang-yang Tan🇨🇳 · Chuang Huang🇨🇳 · Yong-rui Chen🇨🇳 · Wei-jie Fu🇨🇳

    Fixed-point equations in the functional renormalization group approach are integrated from large to vanishing field, where an asymptotic potential in the limit of large field is implemented as initial conditions. This approach allows us to obtain a global fixed-point potential with high numerical accuracy, that incorporates the correct asymptotic behavior in the limit of large field. Our calculated global potential is in good agreement with the Taylor expansion in the region of small field, and it also coincides with the Laurent expansion in the regime of large field. Laurent expansion of the potential in the limit of large field for general case, that the spatial dimension $d$ is a continuous variable in the range $2\le d\le 4$, is obtained. Eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of perturbations near the Wilson-Fisher fixed point are computed with the method of eigenperturbations. Critical exponents for different values of $d$ and $N$ of the $O(N)$ universality class are calculated.

    hep-phhep-thEPJC(2024)·7 citations
25. 25*

    Two-photon decay of fully-charmed tetraquarks from light-by-light scattering at the LHC

    Volodymyr Biloshytskyi🇩🇪 · Lucian Harland-Lang🇬🇧 · Bogdan Malaescu🇫🇷 · Vladimir Pascalutsa🇩🇪 · Kristof Schmieden🇩🇪 · Matthias Schott🇩🇪

    The LHC newly-discovered resonant structures around 7 GeV, such as the $X(6900)$, could be responsible for the observed excess in light-by-light scattering between 5 and 10 GeV. We show that the ATLAS data for light-by-light scattering may indeed be explained by such a state with the $\gamma \gamma$ branching ratio of order of $10^{-4}$. This is much larger than the value inferred by the vector-meson dominance, but agrees quite well with the tetraquark expectation for the nature of this state. Further light-by-light scattering data in this region, obtained during the ongoing Run-3 and future Run-4 of the LHC, are required to pin down these states in $\gamma \gamma$ channel.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-thEPJ Web Conf.(2022)·7 citations
26. 26*

    Comparable dark matter and baryon abundances with a heavy dark sector

    João G. Rosa🇵🇹 · Duarte M. C. Silva🇵🇹

    We propose a scenario that explains the comparable abundances of dark matter (DM) and baryons without any coincidence in the corresponding particle masses. Here, DM corresponds to heavy "dark baryons" in a hidden MSSM-like dark sector, where the supersymmetry breaking scale can be several orders of magnitude larger than in the visible sector. In both sectors a baryon asymmetry is generated via the Affleck-Dine mechanism, and the smaller dark baryon-to-entropy ratio partially compensates the larger dark baryon masses to give similar densities in the two sectors. The large mass hierarchy also naturally results in an asymmetric reheating of these sequestered sectors. Moreover, this scenario predicts uncorrelated DM and baryon isocurvature perturbations.

    hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qcPLB(2023)·10 citations
27. 27*

    Out-of-equilibrium photon production and electric conductivity in a holographic Bjorken expanding plasma

    Sebastian Grieninger🇺🇸 · Ismail Zahed🇺🇸

    We analytically compute the out-of-equilibrium direct photon production rate and electric conductivity, in a strongly coupled and expanding Bjorken plasma, from holography. Our results are valid at late times where the expanding plasma asymptotes Bjorken hydrodynamics. The out-of-equilibrium rates are substantially harder and larger, early on in the Bjorken expansion phase.

    hep-phhep-thnucl-thPRD(2023)·5 citations
28. 28*

    DarkPack: A modular software to compute BSM squared amplitudes for particle physics and dark matter observables

    M. Palmiotto🇫🇷 · A. Arbey🇫🇷 · F. Mahmoudi🇫🇷

    We present here a new package to automatically generate a complete library of 2 to 2 squared amplitudes at leading order in any New Physics models. The package is written in C++ and based on the MARTY software. The numerical library generated allows for the computation of relic density by embedding the algorithms of SuperIso Relic.

    hep-phComput.Phys.Commun.(2024)·7 citations
29. 29*

    Strong cosmological constraints on the neutrino magnetic moment

    Pierluca Carenza🇸🇪 · Giuseppe Lucente🇮🇹 · Martina Gerbino🇮🇹 · Maurizio Giannotti🇺🇸 · Massimiliano Lattanzi🇮🇹

    A sizable magnetic moment for neutrinos would be evidence of exotic physics. In the early Universe, left-handed neutrinos with a magnetic moment would interact with electromagnetic fields in the primordial plasma, flipping their helicity and producing a population of right-handed (RH) neutrinos. In this work, we present a new calculation of the production rate of RH neutrinos in a multi-component primordial plasma and quantify their contribution to the total energy density of relativistic species at early times, stressing the implications of the dependence on the initial time for production. We find that current cosmological data exclude values of the magnetic moment $\mu \gtrsim 1.6\times 10^{-11}{\mu }_B$, while future cosmological experiments will be able to probe non-thermal production of RH neutrinos, becoming competitive with stellar limits.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2024)·17 citations
30. 30*

    Bremsstrahlung High-frequency Gravitational Wave Signatures of High-scale Non-thermal Leptogenesis

    Anish Ghoshal🇵🇱 · Rome Samanta🇨🇿 · Graham White🇯🇵

    Inflaton seeds non-thermal leptogenesis by pair producing right-handed neutrinos in the seesaw model. We show that the inevitable graviton bremsstrahlung associated with inflaton decay can be a unique probe of non-thermal leptogenesis. The emitted gravitons contribute to a high-frequency stochastic gravitational waves background with a characteristic fall-off below the peak frequency. Besides leading to a lower bound on the frequency ($f\gtrsim 10^{11}$ Hz), the seesaw-perturbativity condition makes the mechanism sensitive to the lightest neutrino mass. For an inflaton mass close to the Planck scale, the gravitational waves contribute to sizeable dark radiation, which is within the projected sensitivity limits of future experiments such as CMB-S4 and CMB-HD.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2023)·41 citations
31. 31*

    Theory pipeline for PDF fitting

    Andrea Barontini🇮🇹 · Alessandro Candido🇮🇹 · Juan Cruz-Martinez🇨🇭 · Felix Hekhorn🇮🇹 · Giacomo Magni🇳🇱 · Christopher Schwan🇩🇪

    Fitting PDFs requires the integration of a broad range of datasets, both from data and theory side, into a unique framework. While for data the integration mainly consists in the standardization of the data format, for the theory predictions there are multiple ingredients involved. Different providers are developed by separate groups for different processes, with a variety of inputs (runcards) and outputs (interpolation grids). Moreover, since processes are measured at different scales, DGLAP evolution has to be provided for the PDF candidate, or precomputed into the grids. We are working towards the automation of all these steps in a unique framework, that will be useful for any PDF fitting groups, and possibly also for phenomenological studies.

    hep-phPoS(2022)·3 citations
32. 32*

    Quantum General Relativity and Effective Field Theory

    John F. Donoghue🇺🇸

    This is a review of some of the concepts and results of the effective field theory treatment of quantum general relativity. Included are lessons of low energy quantum gravity, and a discussion of the limits of effective field theory techniques.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-ph77 citations
33. 33*

    Do graph neural networks learn traditional jet substructure?

    Farouk Mokhtar🇺🇸 · Raghav Kansal🇺🇸 · Javier Duarte🇺🇸

    At the CERN LHC, the task of jet tagging, whose goal is to infer the origin of a jet given a set of final-state particles, is dominated by machine learning methods. Graph neural networks have been used to address this task by treating jets as point clouds with underlying, learnable, edge connections between the particles inside. We explore the decision-making process for one such state-of-the-art network, ParticleNet, by looking for relevant edge connections identified using the layerwise-relevance propagation technique. As the model is trained, we observe changes in the distribution of relevant edges connecting different intermediate clusters of particles, known as subjets. The resulting distribution of subjet connections is different for signal jets originating from top quarks, whose subjets typically correspond to its three decay products, and background jets originating from lighter quarks and gluons. This behavior indicates that the model is using traditional jet substructure observables, such as the number of prongs -- energetic particle clusters -- within a jet, when identifying jets.

    ↳ hep-excs.LGhep-ph13 citations
34. 34*

    Snowmass Cosmic Frontier Report

    Aaron S. Chou · Marcelle Soares-Santos · Tim M.P. Tait · Rana X. Adhikari · Luis A. Anchordoqui · James Annis · Clarence L. Chang · Jodi Cooley · Alex Drlica-Wagner · Ke Fang · Brenna Flaugher · Joerg Jaeckel and 19 other authors

    This report summarizes the current status of Cosmic Frontier physics and the broad and exciting future prospects identified for the Cosmic Frontier as part of the 2021 Snowmass Process.

    ↳ hep-exastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEastro-ph.IM+139 citations
35. 35*

    Prospects for constraining interacting dark energy models from gravitational wave and gamma ray burst joint observation

    Wan-Ting Hou🇨🇳 · Jing-Zhao Qi🇨🇳 · Tao Han🇨🇳 · Jing-Fei Zhang🇨🇳 · Shuo Cao🇨🇳 · Xin Zhang🇨🇳

    With the measurement of the electromagnetic (EM) counterpart, a gravitational wave (GW) event could be treated as a standard siren. As a novel cosmological probe, GW standard sirens will bring significant implications for cosmology. In this paper, by considering the coincident detections of GW and associated $\gamma$ ray burst (GRB), we find that only about 400 GW bright standard sirens from binary neutron star mergers could be detected in a 10-year observation of the Einstein Telescope and the THESEUS satellite mission. Based on this mock sample, we investigate the implications of GW standard sirens on the interaction between dark energy and dark matter. In our analysis, four viable interacting dark energy (IDE) models, with interaction forms $Q=3\beta H{\rho }_{\mathrm{de}}$ and $Q=3\beta H{\rho }_{\mathrm{c}}$, are considered. Compared with the traditional EM observational data such as CMB, BAO, and SN Ia, the combination of both GW and EM observations could effectively break the degeneracies between different cosmological parameters and provide more stringent cosmological fits. We find that the GW data could play a more important role for determining the interaction in the models with $Q=3\beta H{\rho }_{\mathrm{c}}$, compared with the models with $Q=3\beta H{\rho }_{\mathrm{de}}$. We also show that constraining IDE models with mock GW data based on different fiducial $H_0$ values yield different results, indicating that accurate determination of $H_0$ is significant for exploring the interaction between dark energy and dark matter.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phJCAP(2023)·32 citations
36. 36*

    Exploring the Phase Diagram of V-QCD with Neutron Star Merger Simulations

    Tuna Demircik🇵🇱 · Christian Ecker🇩🇪 · Matti Järvinen🇰🇷 · Luciano Rezzolla🇩🇪 · Samuel Tootle🇩🇪 · Konrad Topolski🇩🇪

    Determining the phase structure of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) and its Equation of State (EOS) at densities and temperatures realized inside neutron stars and their mergers is a long-standing open problem. The holographic V-QCD framework provides a model for the EOS of dense and hot QCD, which describes the deconfinement phase transition between a dense baryonic and a quark matter phase. We use this model in fully general relativistic hydrodynamic (GRHD) simulations to study the formation of quark matter and the emitted gravitational wave signal of binary systems that are similar to the first ever observed neutron star merger event GW170817.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEgr-qchep-phnucl-thEPJ Web Conf.(2022)·10 citations
37. 37*

    Three-particle Lellouch-Lüscher formalism in moving frames

    Fabian Müller🇩🇪 · Jin-Yi Pang🇨🇳 · Akaki Rusetsky🇩🇪 · Jia-Jun Wu🇨🇳

    A manifestly relativistic-invariant Lellouch-Lüscher formalism for the three-particle decays is proposed. Similarly to ref.[1], the formalism is based on the use of the non-relativistic effective Lagrangians. Manifest Lorentz invariance is guaranteed, as in ref.[2], by choosing the quantization axis along the total four-momentum of the three-particle system. A systematic inclusion of the higher-order derivative couplings, as well as higher partial waves is addressed.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phnucl-thJHEP(2023)·30 citations
38. 38*

    Radiation from Global Topological Strings using Adaptive Mesh Refinement: Massive Modes

    Amelia Drew🇬🇧 · E. P. S. Shellard🇬🇧

    We implement adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) simulations of global topological strings using the public code, GRChombo. We perform a quantitative investigation of massive radiation from single sinusoidally displaced string configurations, studying a range of string widths defined by the coupling parameter $\lambda$ over two orders of magnitude, effectively varying the mass of radiated particles $m_H\sim \sqrt{\lambda }$. We perform an in-depth investigation into the effects of AMR on massive radiation emission, including radiation trapping and the refinement required to resolve high frequency modes. We use quantitative diagnostic tools to determine the eigenmode decomposition, showing a complex superposition of high frequency propagating modes with different phase and group velocities. We conclude that massive radiation is generally strongly suppressed relative to the preferred massless channel, with suppression increasing at lower amplitudes and higher $\lambda$. Only in extreme nonlinear regimes (e.g.\ with relative amplitude $\epsilon \sim 1.5$ and $\lambda <1$) do we observe massive and massless radiation to be emitted at comparable magnitude. We find that massive radiation is emitted in distinct high harmonics of the fundamental frequency of the string, and we demonstrate that, for the sinusoidal configurations studied, massive radiation is exponentially suppressed with $\sqrt{\lambda }$ (i.e. the particle mass). Finally, we place these results in the context of axions and gravitational waves produced by cosmological cosmic string networks, and note that AMR provides a significant opportunity to explore higher $\lambda$ (thin string) regimes whilst using fewer computational resources.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRD(2023)·30 citations
39. 39*

    Dispersive formalism for the nuclear structure correction ${\delta }_{\mathrm{NS}}$ to the $\beta$ decay rate

    Chien-Yeah Seng🇺🇸 · Mikhail Gorchtein🇩🇪

    We analyze the axial $\gamma W$-box diagram for $I(J^P)=1(0^{+})$ nuclei and provide a dispersion representation of the nuclear-structure correction ${\delta }_{\text{NS}}$ including its energy-dependent part. We also summarize useful isospin rotation formula and representations in nuclear theory that could facilitate the calculation of the parity-odd nuclear structure function $F_3(\nu ,Q^2)$. They provide a rigorous theory framework for the future, high-precision calculation of the nuclear structure correction ${\delta }_{\text{NS}}$ necessary for the extraction of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element $|V_{ud}|$ from superallowed nuclear $\beta$ decays.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-exhep-lathep-ph+1PRC(2023)·41 citations
40. 40*

    QCD confronts heavy-flavor and exotic hadrons

    Sasa Prelovsek🇸🇮

    A review of QCD-based theory approaches to study the heavy-flavor and exotic hadrons is given. The focus is on the results from lattice QCD and from lattice QCD complemented by effective field theories. Both approaches are first briefly introduced and applied in few examples. Then the status of various hadrons sectors is presented.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phEPJ Web Conf.(2022)·1 citation
41. 41*

    Dark particle mass effects on neutron star properties from a short-range correlated hadronic model

    M. Dutra🇧🇷 · C. H. Lenzi🇧🇷 · O. Lourenço🇧🇷

    In this work we study a relativistic mean-field (RMF) hadronic model, with nucleonic short-range correlations (SRC) included, coupled to dark matter (DM) through the Higgs boson. We study different parametrizations of this model by running the dark particle Fermi momentum, and its mass in the range of $50$ GeV $⩽M_{\chi }⩽500$ GeV, compatible with experimental spin-independent scattering cross-sections. By using this RMF-SRC-DM model, we calculate some neutron star quantities, namely, mass-radius profiles, dimensionless tidal deformabilities, and crustal properties. Our findings show that is possible to construct RMF-SRC-DM parametrizations in agreement with constraints provided by LIGO and Virgo collaboration (LVC) on the GW170817 event, and recent observational data from the NICER mission. Furthermore, we show that the increase of $M_{\chi }$ favors the model to attain data from LVC regarding the tidal deformabilities. Higher values of $M_{\chi }$ also induce a reduction of the neutron star crust (mass and thickness), and cause a decrease of the crustal fraction of the moment of inertia ($I_{\mathrm{crust}}/I$). Nevertheless, we show that some RMF-SRC-DM parametrizations still exhibit $I_{\mathrm{crust}}/I>7\%$, a condition that explains the glitch activity in rotation-powered pulsars such as the Vela one. Therefore, dark matter content can also be used for describing such a phenomenon.

    ↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEhep-phMNRAS(2022)·32 citations
42. 42*

    Hunting for bumps in the margins

    David Yallup🇬🇧 · Will Handley🇬🇧

    Data driven modelling is vital to many analyses at collider experiments, however the derived inference of physical properties becomes subject to details of the model fitting procedure. This work brings a principled Bayesian picture, based on the marginal likelihood, of both data modelling and signal extraction to a common collider physics scenario. First the marginal likelihood based method is used to propose a more principled construction of the background process, systematically exploring a variety of candidate shapes. Second the picture is extended to propose the marginal likelihood as a useful tool for anomaly detection challenges in particle physics. This proposal offers insight into both precise background model determination and demonstrates a flexible method to extend signal determination beyond a simple bump hunt.

    ↳ physics.data-anhep-exhep-phJINST(2023)·6 citations
43. 43*

    Particle Physics at the European Spallation Source

    H. Abele🇦🇹 · A. Alekou🇨🇭 · A. Algora🇪🇸 · K. Andersen🇺🇸 · S. Baessler🇺🇸 · L. Barron-Palos🇲🇽 · J. Barrow🇺🇸 · E. Baussan🇫🇷 · P. Bentley🇸🇪 · Z. Berezhiani🇮🇹 · Y. Bessler🇩🇪 · A. K. Bhattacharyya🇸🇪 and 167 other authors

    Presently under construction in Lund, Sweden, the European Spallation Source (ESS) will be the world's brightest neutron source. As such, it has the potential for a particle physics program with a unique reach and which is complementary to that available at other facilities. This paper describes proposed particle physics activities for the ESS. These encompass the exploitation of both the neutrons and neutrinos produced at the ESS for high precision (sensitivity) measurements (searches).

    ↳ physics.ins-dethep-exhep-phnucl-exPhys.Rept.(2023)·66 citations
44. 44*

    Unitarized one-loop graviton-graviton scattering

    Rafael L. Delgado🇪🇸 · Antonio Dobado🇪🇸 · Domènec Espriu🇪🇸

    In this work we interpret the Einstein-Hilbert (EH) Lagrangian of gravitation as the first term of a low-energy effective theory similar to those considered in the chiral Lagrangian approach to low-energy hadron physics or the electroweak chiral Lagragians describing the symmetry breaking sector of the Standard Model (SM). Starting from the one-loop computation of the elastic graviton-graviton scattering amplitude by Dunbar and Norridge, we unitarize the IR regularized partial waves by using the Inverse Amplitude Method (IAM). This method enlarges the regime of applicability of the perturbative results to higher energies of the order of the Plank scale $M_P$ and allows for the possibility of poles in the second Riemann which have the natural interpretation of dynamical resonances. In this work we look for these possible resonances for the $++++$ and $---$ helicity channels and the $J=0$, $2$ and $4$ partial waves.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phEPJ Web Conf.(2022)·5 citations
45. 45*

    Particle creation and the Schwinger model

    José Navarro-Salas🇪🇸 · Silvia Pla🇬🇧

    We study the particle creation process in the Schwinger model coupled with an external classical source. One can approach the problem by taking advantage that the full quantized model is solvable and equivalent to a (massive) gauge field with a non-local effective action. Alternatively, one can also face the problem following the standard semiclassical route. This means quantizing the massless Dirac field and considering the electromagnetic field as a classical background. We evaluate the energy created by a generic, homogeneous, and time-dependent source. The results exactly match in both approaches. This proves in a very direct and economical way the validity of the semiclassical approach for the (massless) Schwinger model, in agreement with previous analysis based on the linear response equation. Our discussion suggests that a similar analysis for the massive Schwinger model could be used as a non-trivial laboratory to confront a fully quantized solvable model with its semiclassical approximation, therefore mimicking the long-standing confrontation of quantum gravity with quantum field theory in curved spacetime.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phSymmetry(2022)·6 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.