Thu·Nov 10, 2022Thursday·November 10, 2022

1. 01*

   A minimal modular invariant neutrino model

   Gui-Jun Ding🇨🇳 · Xiang-Gan Liu🇺🇸 · Chang-Yuan Yao🇨🇳

   We present a neutrino mass model based on modular symmetry with the fewest input parameters to date, which successfully accounts for the 12 lepton masses and mixing parameters through 6 real free parameters including the modulus. The neutrino masses are predicted to be normal ordering, the atmospheric angle ${\theta }_{23}$ is quite close to maximal value and the Dirac CP phase ${\delta }_{CP}$ is about $1.34\pi$. We also study the soft supersymmetry breaking terms due to the modulus $F$-term in this minimal model, which are constrained to be the non-holomorphic modular forms. The radiative lepton flavor violation process $\mu \to e\gamma$ is discussed.

   hep-phJHEP(2023)·34 citations
2. 02*

   New physics in $WW\gamma$ at one loop via Majorana neutrinos

   Eduardo Martínez🇲🇽 · Javier Montaño-Domínguez🇲🇽 · Héctor Novales-Sánchez🇲🇽 · Mónica Salinas🇲🇽

   Current experimental data guarantees the presence of physics beyond the Standard Model in the neutrino sector. The responsible physical description might show itself through virtual effects on low-energy observables. In particular, massive neutrinos are able to produce contributions to the triple gauge coupling $WW\gamma$. The present paper deals with the calculation, estimation and analysis of one-loop contributions from Majorana neutrinos to the Lorentz-covariant $WW\gamma$ parametrization. Our calculations show that CP-odd effects vanish exactly, whereas CP-even contributions, $\Delta \kappa$ and $\Delta Q$, remain. According to our estimations, the effects from heavy neutrinos with masses in the range of hundreds of GeVs dominate over those from light neutrinos. This investigation shows that contributions from heavy Majorana neutrinos to the anomaly $\Delta \kappa$ could be as large as $\sim \mathcal{O}(10^{-3})$, one order of magnitude below the Standard-Model contribution. We find that the International Linear Collider, sensitive to triple gauge couplings participating in $WW$ production, might measure these effects in electron-positron collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $800\mathrm{GeV}$, as long as heavy-neutrino masses are $\gtrsim 300\mathrm{GeV}$ and below $\sim 1500\mathrm{GeV}$.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·6 citations
3. 03*

   Neutrino Magnetic Moments Meet Precision $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ Measurements

   Shao-Ping Li🇨🇳 · Xun-Jie Xu🇨🇳

   In the early universe, Dirac neutrino magnetic moments due to their chirality-flipping nature could lead to thermal production of right-handed neutrinos, which would make a significant contribution to the effective neutrino number, $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$. We present in this paper a dedicated computation of the neutrino chirality-flipping rate in the thermal plasma. With a careful and consistent treatment of soft scattering and the plasmon effect in finite temperature field theories, we find that neutrino magnetic moments above $2.7\times 10^{-12}{\mu }_B$ have been excluded by current CMB and BBN measurements of $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$, assuming flavor-universal and diagonal magnetic moments for all three generation of neutrinos. This limit is stronger than the latest bounds from XENONnT and LUX-ZEPLIN experiments, and comparable with those from stellar cooling considerations.

   hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2023)·28 citations
4. 04*

   Three-loop four-particle QCD amplitudes

   Piotr Bargiela🇬🇧

   We present recent advancements in the computation of three-loop four-particle helicity amplitudes in full-color massless QCD. In this contribution, we focus on the $gg\to \gamma \gamma$ process. We show how to obtain compact analytic formulae for the three-loop scattering amplitude. Our results can be expressed in terms of harmonic polylogarithms, which allows for an efficient numerical evaluation. The results presented here can be used for improving theoretical predictions relevant for Higgs physics at hadron colliders.

   hep-phhep-exhep-thPoS·0 citations
5. 05*

   Trident pair creation by a train of laser pulses: Resonance, threshold, and carrier envelope phase effects

   J. Z. Kamiński🇵🇱 · K. Krajewska🇵🇱

   General formulation in the realm of strong-field quantum electrodynamics is provided for a process that occurs in the presence of a train of laser pulses and, in the tree level, is represented by a two-vertex Feynman diagram with exchange of a virtual photon. A scheme of retrieving resonances in the corresponding probability distributions is also formulated in these general settings. While the presented formalism is applicable to a variety of processes like electron-positron pair creation and annihilation, Möller scattering, Bhabha scattering, etc., we illustrate it for a trident process. Specifically, we consider electron-positron pair creation in the muon--laser-field collisions. We demonstrate that the probability distributions exhibit integrable singularities close to the threshold of pair creation. Also, a variety of resonances is observed that originate from the poles of the Feynman photon propagator. While those resonances are, in general, obscured by strong quantum interferences, we show that they can be isolated by changing the carrier envelope phase of the driving laser pulses. In that case, while transformed into the Lorentz-Breit-Wigner shape profile, the resonance position and width can be determined.

   hep-phhep-th3 citations
6. 06*

   Cogenesis of visible and dark sector asymmetry in a minimal seesaw framework

   Utkarsh Patel🇮🇳 · Lekhika Malhotra🇮🇳 · Sudhanwa Patra🇮🇳 · Urjit A. Yajnik🇮🇳

   Recently there is a renewed interest in exploring the Dark sector of the universe in a more constrained way. Particularly in [1], the FIMP ( Feebly Interacting Massive Particle) scenario was shown to be realized with a minimal extension of the SM with three sterile neutrinos in the spirit of {\nu}MSM. In this paper, we show that without invoking any additional symmetries of the model, we can realize the idea of ADM (Asymmetric Dark Matter) signaling a common origin of the matter-anti-matter asymmetries in visible as well as Dark sectors. The model allows for a range of dark matter masses, 1 - 100keV, with correct active neutrino masses through the Type-I seesaw mechanism. Thus, the model explains the neutrino masses, Dark Matter abundance and replicates matter-anti-matter asymmetry of the visible sector in the Dark sector, all in a version of the {\nu}MSM. The asymmetry in the dark sector is manifested in the predominance of one parity of the heavy neutrinos in the comoving frame, which should be determinable in the ongoing experiments.

   hep-phhep-th6 citations
7. 07*

   Can the Higgs field feel a dark force?

   Phung Van Dong🇻🇳 · Duong Van Loi🇻🇳 · Do Thi Huong🇻🇳

   We argue that if an electroweak Higgs field possesses a dark gauge charge responsible for dark matter stability, the $W$-boson mass deviation is properly induced, besides appropriately generated neutrino masses. We examine a simple model in which the usual Higgs doublet plays the role but dark matter candidates are somewhat input by ad hoc. We look for a realistic model that fully realizes such observation, thereby neutrino mass and dark matter are naturally supplied by a dark non-abelian gauge symmetry.

   hep-phhep-thEur.Phys.J.Plus(2023)·1 citation
8. 08*

   $\mathcal{C}P$-violating anomalous interactions at Large Hadron Collider

   Apurba Tiwari🇮🇳 · Sudhir Kumar Gupta🇮🇳

   In this study, we explore the effects of $\mathcal{C}P$-violating anomalous interactions of the top-quark through the semileptonic decay modes of the top-quark arising due to pair-production of $t\bar{t}$ at the Large Hardon Collider. Predictions on the LHC sensitivities of the coupling strength to such $\mathcal{C}P$-violating interactions would be discussed for the 13 TeV LHC data and for the future hadron collider with 14 TeV energy.

   hep-phhep-exPoS(2023)·2 citations
9. 09*

   Machine-Learned Exclusion Limits without Binning

   Ernesto Arganda🇪🇸 · Andres D. Perez🇦🇷 · Martin de los Rios🇪🇸 · Rosa María Sandá Seoane🇪🇸

   Machine-Learned Likelihoods (MLL) combines machine-learning classification techniques with likelihood-based inference tests to estimate the experimental sensitivity of high-dimensional data sets. We extend the MLL method by including Kernel Density Estimators (KDE) to avoid binning the classifier output to extract the resulting one-dimensional signal and background probability density functions. We first test our method on toy models generated with multivariate Gaussian distributions, where the true probability distribution functions are known. Later, we apply the method to two cases of interest at the LHC: a search for exotic Higgs bosons, and a $Z^{\prime }$ boson decaying into lepton pairs. In contrast to physical-based quantities, the typical fluctuations of the ML outputs give non-smooth probability distributions for pure-signal and pure-background samples. The non-smoothness is propagated into the density estimation due to the good performance and flexibility of the KDE method. We study its impact on the final significance computation, and we compare the results using the average of several independent ML output realizations, which allows us to obtain smoother distributions. We conclude that the significance estimation turns out to be not sensible to this issue.

   hep-phcs.LGhep-exphysics.data-an+1EPJC(2023)·15 citations
10. 10*

    Dihadron production in DIS at NLO: the real corrections

    Edmond Iancu🇫🇷 · Yair Mulian🇪🇸

    By using the formalism of the light-cone wave function along with the colour glass condensate effective theory, we consider next-to-leading order (NLO) corrections to the production of a pair of hadrons in electron-proton, or electron-nucleus, collisions at small Bjorken $x$. To the order of interest, the process involves the fluctuation of a virtual photon into a quark-antiquark pair, followed by the emission of a gluon from either the quark, or the antiquark. For the case of a virtual photon with transverse polarization, we compute the real NLO corrections, where the emitted gluon is present in the final state. We first compute the tree-level cross-section for the production of the quark-antiquark-gluon system and then deduce the real NLO corrections to dihadron production by integrating out the kinematics of the gluon. We verify in detail that, in the limit where the gluon is soft, our calculation reproduces the (real piece of the) B-JIMWLK evolution of the leading-order cross-section for quark-antiquark production. Similarly, in the limit where the gluon is collinear with its emitter, we recover the real terms in the DGLAP evolution of the fragmentation function. The virtual NLO corrections to dihadron production will be presented by one of us in a subsequent publication.

    hep-phnucl-thJHEP(2023)·41 citations
11. 11*

    Next-to-leading-power kinematic corrections to DVCS: a scalar target

    V. M. Braun🇩🇪 · Yao Ji🇩🇪 · A. N. Manashov🇩🇪

    Using the recent results on the contributions of descendants of the leading twist operators to the operator product expansion of two electromagnetic currents we derive explicit expressions for the kinematic finite-$t$ and target mass corrections to the DVCS helicity amplitudes to the $1/Q^4$ power accuracy. The cancellation of IR divergences for kinematic corrections is demonstrated to all powers in the leading order of perturbation theory. We also argue that target mass corrections in the coherent DVCS from nuclei are small and do not invalidate the factorization theorem.

    hep-phJHEP(2023)·29 citations
12. 12*

    Faddeev fixed-center approximation to the $\eta K^{\ast }{\bar{K}}^{\ast }$, $\pi K^{\ast }{\bar{K}}^{\ast }$ and $K{K}^{\ast }{\bar{K}}^{\ast }$ systems

    Qing-Hua Shen🇨🇳 · Ju-Jun Xie🇨🇳

    The three-body $\eta K^{\ast }{\bar{K}}^{\ast }$, $\pi K^{\ast }{\bar{K}}^{\ast }$ and $K{K}^{\ast }{\bar{K}}^{\ast }$ systems are investigated within the framework of fixed-center approximation to the Faddeev equations, where $K^{\ast }{\bar{K}}^{\ast }$ is treated as the scalar meson $f_0(1710)$. The interactions between $\pi$, $\eta$, $K$ and $K^{\ast }$ are taking from the chiral unitary approach. By scattering the $\eta$ meson on the clusterized $(K^{\ast }{\bar{K}}^{\ast }{)}_{f_0(1710)}$ system, we find a peak in the modulus squared of the three-body scattering amplitude and it can be associated as a bound state with quantum numbers $I^G(J^{PC})=0^{+}(0^{-+})$. Its mass and width are around 2054 MeV and 60 MeV, respectively. This state could be associated to the $\eta (2100)$ meson. For the $\pi (K^{\ast }{\bar{K}}^{\ast }{)}_{f_0(1710)}$ scattering, we find a bump structure around 1900-2000 MeV with quantum numbers $1^{-}(0^{-+})$. While for the $K{K}^{\ast }{\bar{K}}^{\ast }{)}_{f_0(1710)}$ system, there are three structures. One of them is much stable and its mass is about 2130 MeV. It is expected that these theoretical predictions here could be tested by future experimental measurements, such as by the BESIII, BelleII and LHCb collaborations.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2023)·5 citations
13. 13*

    Simulation of charmed particle production in Geant4

    A. Galoyan🇷🇺 · V. Grichine🇷🇺 · A. Ribon🇨🇭 · V. Uzhinsky🇷🇺

    It is expected that charmed particles will be copiously produced at Future Circular Collider (FCC). Due to relatively large life-time of the particles, it will be needed to account their interactions with surrounded materials and detector's materials. In order to satisfy the requirements, charmed particle production in soft interactions has been implemented in QGS and FTF models of the Geant4 package. Some details of the implementations are considered in the paper.

    hep-phhep-ex0 citations
14. 14*

    Leptoquark and vectorlike quark extended models as the explanation of $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ anomaly

    Shi-Ping He🇰🇷

    In minimal leptoquark (LQ) models, the $R_2$ and $S_1$ can be the solution to the $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ anomaly because of the chiral enhancements. Here, we study the LQ and vectorlike quark (VLQ) extended models. In the one LQ and one VLQ extended models, the $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ can receive the contributions from top and top partner $T$ because of the $t-T$ mixing. Besides the traditional $R_2$ and $S_1$ representations, we find that the $S_3$ LQ can also explain the anomaly when including the $(X,T,B{)}_{L,R}$ triplet at the same time. Moreover, we find that the LQ has the new decay channel $T\mu$ in these models.

    hep-phhep-exPoS(2022)·1 citation
15. 15*

    Double-charm and hidden-charm hexaquark states under the complex scaling method

    Jian-Bo Cheng🇨🇳 · Du-xin Zheng🇨🇳 · Zi-Yang Lin🇨🇳 · Shi-Lin Zhu🇨🇳

    We investigate the double-charm and hidden-charm hexaquarks as molecules in the framework of the one-boson-exchange potential model. The multichannel coupling and $S-D$ wave mixing are taken into account carefully. We adopt the complex scaling method to investigate the possible quasibound states, whose widths are from the three-body decay channel ${\Lambda }_c{\Lambda }_c\pi$ or ${\Lambda }_c{\bar{\Lambda }}_c\pi$. For the double-charm system of $I(J^P)=1(1^{+})$, we obtain a quasibound state, whose width is 0.50 MeV if the binding energy is -14.27 MeV. And the $S$-wave ${\Lambda }_c{\Sigma }_c$ and ${\Lambda }_c{\Sigma }_c^{\ast }$ components give the dominant contributions. For the $1(0^{+})$ double-charm hexaquark system, we do not find any pole. We find more poles in the hidden-charm hexaquark system. We obtain one pole as a quasibound state in the $I^G(J^{PC})=1^{+}(0^{--})$ system, which only has one channel $({\Lambda }_c{\bar{\Sigma }}_c+{\Sigma }_c{\bar{\Lambda }}_c)/\sqrt{2}$. Its width is 1.72 MeV with a binding energy of -5.37 MeV. But, we do not find any pole for the scalar $1^{-}(0^{-+})$ system. For the vector $1^{-}(1^{-+})$ system, we find a quasibound state. Its energies, widths and constituents are very similar to those of the $1(1^{+})$ double-charm case. In the vector $1^{+}(1^{--})$ system, we get two poles -- a quasibound state and a resonance. The quasibound state has a width of 0.6 MeV with a binding energy of -15.37 MeV. For the resonance, its width is 2.72 MeV with an energy of 63.55 MeV relative to the ${\Lambda }_c{\bar{\Sigma }}_c$ threshold. And its partial width from the two-body decay channel $({\Lambda }_c{\bar{\Sigma }}_c-{\Sigma }_c{\bar{\Lambda }}_c)/\sqrt{2}$ is apparently larger than the partial width from the three-body decay channel ${\Lambda }_c{\bar{\Lambda }}_c\pi$.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·12 citations
16. 16*

    Flavor-dependent b-profiles from Drell-Yan spectra at low transverse momenta

    M. Bury🇵🇱 · F. Hautmann🇨🇭 · S. Leal-Gomez🇦🇹 · I. Scimemi🇪🇸 · A. Vladimirov🇪🇸 · P. Zurita🇩🇪

    We discuss our recent study of the impact of collinear PDFs and their uncertainties on the determination of transverse momentum dependent (TMD) distributions and the description of Drell-Yan (DY) production measurements at low transverse momenta. Using QCD factorization and evolution in transverse coordinate b space, this study takes into account for the first time flavor-dependent non-perturbative b-profiles. It illustrates that collinear PDF uncertainties and non-perturbative TMD flavor dependence are both essential to obtain reliable TMD determinations.

    hep-phPoS(2022)·2 citations
17. 17*

    From Minkowski to de Sitter Vacua with Various Geometries

    C. Pallis🇬🇷

    New no-scale supergravity models with F-term SUSY breaking are introduced, adopting Kaehler potentials parameterizing flat or curved (compact or non-compact) Kaehler manifolds. We systematically derive the form of the superpotentials leading to Minkowski vacua. Combining two types of these superpotentials we can also determine de Sitter or anti-de Sitter vacua. The construction can be easily extended to multi-modular settings of mixed geometry. The corresponding soft SUSY-breaking parameters are also derived.

    hep-phhep-thEPJC(2023)·4 citations
18. 18*

    Axion-pion thermalization rate in unitarized NLO chiral perturbation theory

    Luca Di Luzio🇮🇹 · Jorge Martin Camalich🇪🇸 · Guido Martinelli🇮🇹 · José Antonio Oller🇪🇸 · Gioacchino Piazza🇫🇷

    We compute the axion-pion scattering $a\pi \to \pi \pi$, relevant for the axion thermalization rate in the early universe, within unitarized NLO chiral perturbation theory. The latter extends the range of validity of the chiral expansion of axion-pion scattering and thus provides a crucial ingredient for the reliable determination of the relic density of thermal axions, whenever the axion decoupling temperature is below that of the QCD phase transition. Implications for cosmological observables are briefly discussed.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2023)·33 citations
19. 19*

    A closer look at the seesaw-dark matter correspondence

    Rupert Coy🇧🇪 · Aritra Gupta🇧🇪

    In an earlier work, we showed that in very simple neutrino portal-like extensions of the Standard Model it is possible to achieve a one-to-one correspondence between dark matter physics and the seesaw parameters controlling the genesis of neutrino masses. Notably, this can occur both when the dark matter is produced via freeze-in and relativistic freeze-out. In this article, we carry out a detailed phenomenological study of such scenarios. Specifically, we find the allowed regions for the neutrino portal coupling within which the correspondence is valid. We further constrain the parameter space from various observational and theoretical considerations. Within this, we derive the distribution function of a doubly frozen-in particle in order to more accurately compute its free-streaming horizon.

    hep-phJCAP(2023)·4 citations
20. 20*

    Toward extracting $\gamma$ from $B\to DK$ without binning

    Jeffrey V. Backus🇺🇸 · Marat Freytsis🇺🇸 · Yuval Grossman🇺🇸 · Stefan Schacht🇬🇧 · Jure Zupan🇺🇸

    $B^{\pm }\to D{K}^{\pm }$ transitions are known to provide theoretically clean information about the CKM angle $\gamma$, with the most precise available methods exploiting the cascade decay of the neutral $D$ into $CP$ self-conjugate states. Such analyses currently require binning in the $D$ decay Dalitz plot, while a recently proposed method replaces this binning with the truncation of a Fourier series expansion. In this paper, we present a proof of principle of a novel alternative to these two methods, in which no approximations at the level of the data representation are required. In particular, our new strategy makes no assumptions about the amplitude and strong phase variation over the Dalitz plot. This comes at the cost of a degree of ambiguity in the choice of test statistic quantifying the compatibility of the data with a given value of $\gamma$, with improved choices of test statistic yielding higher sensitivity. While our current proof-of-principle implementation does not demonstrate optimal sensitivity to $\gamma$, its conceptually novel approach opens the door to new strategies for $\gamma$ extraction. More studies are required to see if these can be competitive with the existing methods.

    hep-phEPJC(2023)·6 citations
21. 21*

    Neutral $B$-anomalies from an $on\text{-}shell$ scalar exchange

    Jesus Bonilla🇪🇸 · Arturo de Giorgi🇪🇸 · Maria Ramos🇪🇸

    The neutral $B$-anomalies are analysed in terms of the tree-level exchange of a (pseudo)scalar gauge singlet $a$. Solutions to both $R_{K^{(\ast )}}$ central bin anomalies are found within $1\sigma$ for $m_a^2\in [1.1,6]{\text{GeV}}^2$, while the low $q^2$-bin anomaly can also be accounted for with masses close to the bin threshold. The impact of these solutions on other $b\to s{e}^{+}{e}^{-}$ observables is discussed in detail. Due to the $on\text{-}shell$ enhancement, sizable effects are expected in null tests of the SM, such as the flat term, $F_H$, of the $B\to K{e}^{+}{e}^{-}$ angular distribution. At the same time, the observable sensitive to the $K^{\ast }$ polarisation, $F_L(B\to K^{\ast }{e}^{+}{e}^{-})$, and the lepton forward-backward asymmetry, $A_{FB}(B\to K^{\ast }{e}^{+}{e}^{-})$, can be suppressed with respect to their SM values. Corrections from the new physics to $\mathcal{B}(B_s\to e^{+}{e}^{-})$ are, on the other hand, negligible. Along with the previous observables, improved measurements of the cross section $\sigma (e^{+}{e}^{-}\to a(e^{+}{e}^{-})\gamma )$ could potentially probe the relevant parameter space of the model. A comparison between our results and those stemming from an axion-like particle exchange is also discussed, showing that the exchange of a general scalar singlet offers a noticeably wider parameter space.

    hep-phhep-ex10 citations
22. 22*

    Millicharged Relics Reveal Massless Dark Photons

    Asher Berlin🇺🇸 · Jeff A. Dror🇺🇸 · Xucheng Gan🇺🇸 · Joshua T. Ruderman🇺🇸

    The detection of massless kinetically-mixed dark photons is notoriously difficult, as the effect of this mixing can be removed by a field redefinition in vacuum. In this work, we study the prospect of detecting massless dark photons in the presence of a cosmic relic directly charged under this dark electromagnetism. Such millicharged particles, in the form of dark matter or dark radiation, generate an effective dark photon mass that drives photon-to-dark photon oscillations in the early universe. We also study the prospect for such models to alleviate existing cosmological constraints on massive dark photons, enlarging the motivation for direct tests of this parameter space using precision terrestrial probes.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2023)·40 citations
23. 23*

    Attention to the strengths of physical interactions: Transformer and graph-based event classification for particle physics experiments

    Luc Builtjes🇳🇱 · Sascha Caron🇳🇱 · Polina Moskvitina🇳🇱 · Clara Nellist🇳🇱 · Roberto Ruiz de Austri🇪🇸 · Rob Verheyen🇬🇧 · Zhongyi Zhang🇳🇱

    A major task in particle physics is the measurement of rare signal processes. Even modest improvements in background rejection, at a fixed signal efficiency, can significantly enhance the measurement sensitivity. Building on prior research by others that incorporated physical symmetries into neural networks, this work extends those ideas to include additional physics-motivated features. Specifically, we introduce energy-dependent particle interaction strengths, derived from leading-order SM predictions, into modern deep learning architectures, including Transformer Architectures (Particle Transformer), and Graph Neural Networks (Particle Net). These interaction strengths, represented as the SM interaction matrix, are incorporated into the attention matrix (transformers) and edges (graphs). Our results in event classification show that the integration of all physics-motivated features improves background rejection by $10\%-40\%$ over baseline models, with an additional gain of up to $9\%$ due to the SM interaction matrix. This study also provides one of the broadest comparisons of event classifiers to date, demonstrating how various architectures perform across this task. A simplified statistical analysis demonstrates that these enhanced architectures yield significant improvements in signal significance compared to a graph network baseline.

    hep-phhep-exSciPost Phys.(2025)·20 citations
24. 24*

    Constraints on hadron resonance gas interactions via first-principles Lattice QCD susceptibilities

    Jamie M. Karthein🇺🇸 · Volker Koch🇺🇸 · Claudia Ratti🇺🇸 · Volodymyr Vovchenko🇺🇸

    We investigate extensions of the Hadron Resonance Gas (HRG) Model beyond the ideal case by incorporating both attractive and repulsive interactions into the model. When considering additional states exceeding those measured with high confidence by the Particle Data Group, attractive corrections to the overall pressure in the HRG model are imposed. On the other hand, we also apply excluded-volume corrections, which ensure there is no overlap of baryons by turning on repulsive (anti)baryon-(anti)baryon interactions. We emphasize the complementary nature of these two extensions and identify combinations of conserved charge susceptibilities that allow us to constrain them separately. In particular, we find interesting ratios of susceptibilities that are sensitive to one correction and not the other. This allows us to constrain the excluded volume and particle spectrum effects separately. Analysis of the available lattice results suggests the presence of both the extra states in the baryon-strangeness sector and the repulsive baryonic interaction, with indications that hyperons have a smaller repulsive core than non-strange baryons. We note that these results are interesting for heavy-ion-collision systems at both the LHC and RHIC.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-lathep-phEPJ Web Conf.(2023)·1 citation
25. 25*

    Index theorem on magnetized blow-up manifold of $T^2/{\mathbb{Z}}_N$

    Tatsuo Kobayashi🇯🇵 · Hajime Otsuka🇯🇵 · Makoto Sakamoto🇯🇵 · Maki Takeuchi🇯🇵 · Yoshiyuki Tatsuta🇮🇹 · Hikaru Uchida🇯🇵

    We investigate blow-up manifolds of $T^2/{\mathbb{Z}}_N(N=2,3,4,6)$ orbifolds with magnetic flux $M$. Since the blow-up manifolds have no singularities, we can apply the Atiyah-Singer index theorem to them. Then, we establish the zero-mode counting formula $n_{+}-n_{-}=(M-V_{+})/N+1$, where $V_{+}$ denotes the sum of winding numbers at fixed points on the $T^2/{\mathbb{Z}}_N$ orbifolds, as the Atiyah-Singer index theorem on the orbifolds, and clarify physical and geometrical meanings of the formula.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phPRD(2023)·19 citations
26. 26*

    Zero-mode wave functions by localized gauge fluxes

    Tatsuo Kobayashi🇯🇵 · Hajime Otsuka🇯🇵 · Makoto Sakamoto🇯🇵 · Maki Takeuchi🇯🇵 · Yoshiyuki Tatsuta🇮🇹 · Hikaru Uchida🇯🇵

    We study chiral zero-mode wave functions on blow-up manifolds of $T^2/Z_N$ orbifolds with both bulk and localized magnetic flux backgrounds. We introduce a singular gauge transformation in order to remove $Z_N$ phases for $Z_N$ twisted boundary condition of matter fields. We compute wave functions of not only bulk zero modes but also localized modes at the orbifold singular points, which correspond to new zero modes induced by localized flux. By studying their Yukawa couplings, it turns out that only three patterns of Yukawa couplings are allowed. Our theory has a specific coupling selection rule.

    ↳ hep-thhep-ph8 citations
27. 27*

    Triply charmed baryons mass decomposition from lattice QCD

    Jin-Bo Li🇨🇳 · Long-Cheng Gui🇨🇳 · Wei Sun🇨🇳 · Jian Liang🇨🇳 · Wen Qin🇨🇳

    We present the first calculation of the connected scalar matrix element and the momentum fraction of charm quark within the${\frac{3}{2}}^{+}$ and ${\frac{3}{2}}^{-}$triply charmed baryons on lattice QCD. The results are based on overlap valence fermions on two ensembles of $N_f=2+1$ domain wall fermion configurations with two lattice spacings. The corresponding sea quark pion masses are $300$ MeV and $278$ MeV. The separated contributions to the triply charmed baryon mass are derived through the decomposition of the QCD energy-momentum tensor. The contribution of the connected charm quark matrix element to the triply charmed baryon is about 3/2 times that of the charmonium. And it contributes almost 70% of the total mass. The mass splitting of ${\frac{3}{2}}^{+}$ and ${\frac{3}{2}}^{-}$triply charmed baryons is mainly from $⟨H_E⟩$ of the QCD energy-momentum tensor. A mass decomposition from the quark model is also studied for comparison.

    ↳ hep-lathep-exhep-phCPC(2025)·8 citations
28. 28*

    Electroweak multi-monopoles

    Romain Gervalle🇫🇷 · Mikhail S. Volkov🇫🇷

    We construct the multi-charge generalizations for the electroweak magnetic monopole solution of Cho and Maison within a wide range of values of the magnetic charge. We use the same ansatz for the axially symmetric fields as the one previously employed to construct the electroweak sphalerons and compare the internal structure of monopoles with that of sphalerons. The monopoles have zero dipole moment but a finite quadrupole momentum that rapidly increases with growing magnetic charge. For large charges, the monopole configurations are strongly squashed and show inside a bubble of symmetric phase filled with a U(1) hypercharge field produced by a pointlike magnetic charge at the origin, strong enough to suppress all other fields and restore the full gauge symmetry. The bubble is surrounded by a large belt of broken phase containing a magnetically charged ring filled with a nonlinear W-condensate, squeezed between two superconducting rings of opposite electric currents. In the far field region there remains only the magnetic field supported by the total magnetic charge contained at the origin and in the magnetic ring. The axially symmetric monopoles are probably just a special case of more general monopole solutions not possessing any continuous symmetries. The Cho-Maison monopole is stable but the stability of its multi-charge generalizations is not yet confirmed. All electroweak monopoles have infinite energy due to the pointlike U(1) charge at the origin, but the energy is expected to become finite after taking gravity into account, which should provide a cutoff via creating an event horizon to shield the U(1) charge.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phNPB(2023)·13 citations
29. 29*

    Physics Beyond the Standard Model with Future X-ray Observatories: Projected Constraints on Very-Light Axion-Like Particles with $Athena$ and $AXIS$

    Júlia Sisk-Reynés🇬🇧 · Christopher S. Reynolds🇬🇧 · Michael L. Parker🇬🇧 · James H. Matthews🇬🇧 · M.C. David Marsh🇸🇪

    Axion-Like Particles (ALPs) are well-motivated extensions of the Standard Model of Particle Physics and a generic prediction of some string theories. X-ray observations of bright Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) hosted by rich clusters of galaxies are excellent probes of very-light ALPs, with masses $\log (m_{\mathrm{a}}/\mathrm{eV})<-12.0$. We evaluate the potential of future X-ray observatories, particularly $Athena$ and the proposed $AXIS$, to constrain ALPs via observations of cluster-hosted AGN, taking NGC 1275 in the Perseus cluster as our exemplar. Assuming perfect knowledge of instrument calibration, we show that a modest exposure (200-ks) of NGC 1275 by $Athena$ permits us to exclude all photon-ALP couplings $g_{\mathrm{a}\gamma }>6.3\times 10^{-14}{\mathrm{GeV}}^{-1}$ at the 95% level, as previously shown by $Conlonetal.(2018)$, representing a factor of 10 improvement over current limits. We then proceed to assess the impact of realistic calibration uncertainties on the $Athena$ projection by applying a standard $Cash$ likelihood procedure, showing the projected constraints on $g_{\mathrm{a}\gamma }$ weaken by a factor of 10 (back to the current most sensitive constraints). However, we show how the use of a deep neural network can disentangle the energy-dependent features induced by instrumental miscalibration and those induced by photon-ALP mixing, allowing us to recover most of the sensitivity to the ALP physics. In our explicit demonstration, the machine learning applied allows us to exclude $g_{\mathrm{a}\gamma }>2.0\times 10^{-13}{\mathrm{GeV}}^{-1}$, complementing the projected constraints of next-generation ALP dark matter birefringent cavity searches for very-light ALPs. Finally, we show that a 200-ks $AXIS$/on-axis observation of NGC 1275 will tighten the current best constraints on very-light ALPs by a factor of 3.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.COastro-ph.GAastro-ph.IM+1ApJ(2023)·11 citations
30. 30*

    Hall Droplet Sheets in Holographic QCD

    Francesco Bigazzi🇮🇹 · Aldo L. Cotrone🇮🇹 · Andrea Olzi🇮🇹

    In single-flavor QCD, the low energy description of baryons as Skyrmions is not available. In this case, it has been proposed by Komargodski that baryons can be viewed as kinds of charged quantum Hall droplets, or "sheets". In this paper we propose a string theory description of the sheets in single-flavor holographic QCD, focusing on the Witten-Sakai-Sugimoto model. The sheets have a "hard" gluonic core, described by D6-branes, and a "soft" mesonic shell, dual to non-trivial D8-brane gauge field configurations. We first provide the description of an infinitely extended sheet with massless or moderately massive quarks. Then, we construct a semi-infinite sheet ending on a one-dimensional boundary, a "vortex string". The holographic description allows for the precise calculation of sheet observables. In particular, we compute the tension and thickness of the sheet and the vortex string, and provide their four dimensional effective actions.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phnucl-thJHEP(2023)·17 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.