Thu·Sep 1, 2022Thursday·September 1, 2022

1. 01*

   Dark matter substructures affect dark matter-electron scattering in xenon-based direct detection experiments

   Tarak Nath Maity🇮🇳 · Ranjan Laha🇮🇳

   Recent sky surveys have discovered a large number of stellar substructures. It is highly likely that there are dark matter (DM) counterparts to these stellar substructures. We examine the implications of DM substructures for electron recoil (ER) direct detection (DD) rates in dual phase xenon experiments. We have utilized the results of the LAMOST survey and considered a few benchmark substructures in our analysis. Assuming that these substructures constitute $\sim 10\%$ of the local DM density, we study the discovery limits of DM-electron scattering cross sections considering one kg-year exposure and 1, 2, and 3 electron thresholds. With this exposure and threshold, it is possible to observe the effect of the considered DM substructure for the currently allowed parameter space. We also explore the sensitivity of these experiments in resolving the DM substructure fraction. For all the considered cases, we observe that DM having mass $\mathcal{O}(10)$MeV has a better prospect in resolving substructure fraction as compared to $\mathcal{O}(100)$MeV scale DM. We also find that within the currently allowed DM-electron scattering cross-section; these experiments can resolve the substructure fraction (provided it has a non-negligible contribution to the local DM density) with good accuracy for $\mathcal{O}(10)$MeV DM mass with one electron threshold.

   hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEastro-ph.SR+1JHEP(2023)·19 citations
2. 02*

   Signatures and Detection Prospects for sub-GeV Dark Matter with Superfluid Helium

   Yining You🇺🇸 · Jordan Smolinsky🇺🇸 · Wei Xue🇺🇸 · Konstantin T. Matchev🇺🇸 · Keegan Gunther🇺🇸 · Yoonseok Lee🇺🇸 · Tarek Saab🇺🇸

   We explore the possibility of using superfluid helium for direct detection of sub-GeV dark matter (DM). We discuss the relevant phenomenology resulting from the scattering of an incident dark matter particle on a Helium nucleus. Rather than directly exciting quasi-particles, DM in this mass range will interact with a single He atom, triggering an atomic cascade which eventually also includes emission and thermalization of quasi-particles. We present in detail the analytical framework needed for modeling these processes and determining the resulting flux of quasi-particles. We propose a novel method for detecting this flux with modern force-sensitive devices, such as nanoelectro-mechanical system (NEMS) oscillators, and derive the sensitivity projections for a generic sub-GeV DM detection experiment using such sensors.

   hep-phastro-ph.COcond-mat.supr-conhep-exJHEP(2023)·15 citations
3. 03*

   Tensor current renormalization in the RI' scheme at four loops

   J.A. Gracey🇬🇧

   To assist the matching of lattice field theory results to the high energy continuum limit we evaluate the Green's function where the tensor quark bilinear operator is inserted at zero momentum in a quark $2$-point function for an arbitrary covariant gauge. This is carried out in both the MSbar and RI' schemes to four loops. The tensor current anomalous dimension is also calculated to four loops in both schemes for an arbitrary colour group.

   hep-phhep-latPRD(2022)·16 citations
4. 04*

   Emergence of high-energy dynamics from cascade-baryon detections at the LHC

   Francesco Giovanni Celiberto🇮🇹

   We propose the inclusive detection at the LHC of a cascade ${\Xi }^{-}/{\bar{\Xi }}^{+}$ baryon in association with a jet, as a novel probe channel for the QCD dynamics at high energies. We investigate the behavior of a selection of distributions, differential in rapidity, azimuthal angle and/or transverse momenta, calculated via the hybrid high-energy/collinear factorization encoding the full next-to-leading BFKL resummation of energy logarithms. We come out with the conclusion that the fragmentation mechanism underlying the production of ${\Xi }^{-}/{\bar{\Xi }}^{+}$ baryon states leads to stabilization effects of the resummation, similar to those recently observed in the context of heavy-flavor studies within the same formalism.

   hep-phhep-exEPJC(2023)·45 citations
5. 05*

   Nature of excited $\Xi$ baryons with threshold effects

   Takuma Nishibuchi🇯🇵 · Tetsuo Hyodo🇯🇵

   Spectroscopy of excited baryons with strangeness $S=-2$ is stimulated by recent experimental developments. Here we focus on the $\Xi (1620)$ which locates close to the $\bar{K}\Lambda$ threshold. To take into account the threshold effects, we construct the coupled-channels meson-baryon scattering amplitude where the $\Xi (1620)$ appears as a resonance. We demonstrate that the $\bar{K}\Lambda$ threshold effects distort the peak of the $\Xi (1620)$ resonance from the simple Breit-Wigner distribution.

   hep-phnucl-thEPJ Web Conf.(2022)·9 citations
6. 06*

   Towards three-dimensional nucleon structures at the Electron-Ion Collider in China: A study of the Sivers function

   Chunhua Zeng🇨🇳 · Tianbo Liu🇨🇳 · Peng Sun🇨🇳 · Yuxiang Zhao🇨🇳

   Transverse momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) provide three-dimensional imaging of the nucleon in the momentum space. With its fundamental importance in understanding the spin structure of the nucleon, the precise measurement of TMDs is considered as one of the main physics topics of the proposed Electron-Ion Collider in China (EicC). In this paper, we investigate the impact of future semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) data from EicC on the extraction of TMDs. Taking the Sivers function as an example, we revisited the world SIDIS data, which serves as the input for the simulated EicC data. By performing a combined analysis of the world data and the EicC simulated data, we quantitatively demonstrate that the Sivers functions can be precisely determined for various quark flavors, especially for sea quarks, in the region, $x>0.005$, directly covered by the EicC.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2022)·15 citations
7. 07*

   Pion Production In {\nu} {\mu} Charged Current Interactions On {^{40}}ar In Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment

   Ritu Devi🇮🇳 · Baba Potukuchi🇮🇳

   Understanding the pion generation and the consequences of final-state interactions (FSI) are critical for the data processing in all neutrino experiments. The energy utilized in modern neutrino research of the resonance (RES) generation processes contributes significantly to the pion production. If a pion is absorbed in the nuclear matter after its production, the event may become unrecognizable from a quasielastic (QE) scattering process and act as a background. For oscillation experiments, estimating this background is critical, and it necessitates solid theoretical models for both pion generation at the primary vertex and after FSI. The number of pions created after FSI differs greatly from the number produced at the primary vertex due to FSI. Because neutrino detectors can only detect final-state particles, FSI obscures the proper information about particles created at the primary vertex. A detailed study of FSI is required to overcome this problem, which theoretical models incorporated in Monte Carlo (MC) neutrino event generators can provide. They should give theoretical results concerning the neutrino interactions for various researches, acting as a connection among both theoretical models and experimental data. In this paper, we provide simulated events for the pion creation in {\nu} {\mu} charge current (CC) interactions on a 40 Ar target in the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) setup for two distinct MC generators: GENIE and NuWro. In comparison to GENIE (v-3.00.06), NuWro (v-19.02.2) is more opaque (less responsive) to the charge exchange and absorption processes; pions are more likely to be absorbed than produced during the intranuclear transport.

   hep-phUkr.J.Phys.(2022)·0 citations
8. 08*

   Iteratively Reduce Auxiliary Scalar Product in Multi-loop Integrals

   Jiaqi Chen🇨🇳

   In this paper, we construct a uniform formula that can iteratively reduce all auxiliary scalar product numerators of arbitrary multi-loop Feynman integrals. Integrals with such numerators commonly appear in Integration-By-Parts (IBP) relations. This formula is constructed with the generalized Sylvester's determinant identity. Compared to that using only traditional IBP reduction method, the combination of the formula and the traditional IBP method shows a significant speed-up.

   hep-ph5 citations
9. 09*

   Impact of clustering inside compact tetraquarks

   Hagop Sazdjian🇫🇷

   Due to the reducibility of tetraquark operators into mesonic clusters, a strong interplay exists in tetraquarks between compact and molecular structures. This issue is studied within an effective field theory approach, where the compact tetraquark is treated as an elementary particle. Under the influence of the coupling to the mesonic clusters, an initially formed compact tetraquark bound state is deformed towards a new structure of the molecular type, having the attributes of a shallow bound state.

   hep-phEPJ Web Conf.(2022)·2 citations
10. 10*

    Connecting dark matter, baryogenesis and neutrinoless double beta decay in a $A_4\otimes Z_8$ based $\nu$2HDM

    Lavina Sarma🇮🇳 · Partha Kumar Paul🇮🇳 · Mrinal Kumar Das🇮🇳

    In this paper, we discuss the impact of neutrino phenomenology and related cosmology on an $A_4\otimes Z_8$ symmetric $\nu$2HDM along with an addition of a new particle, i.e. a gauge singlet(S). The additional particle is a sterile neutrino which is considered to be a probable dark matter candidate in our work. With the choice of sterile neutrino mass in keV range we evaluate the active-DM mixing angle, decay rate and relic abundance considering various cosmological constraints. Simultaneously, a detailed analysis on baryogenesis and neutrinoless double beta decay is also carried out for low scale right-handed neutrino masses. We have considered various bounds from experiments such as Lyman-$\alpha$, X-ray observation, Planck data and KamLAND-Zen limit to validate the model w.r.t the phenomena studied in it.

    hep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.A(2022)·4 citations
11. 11*

    Feasibility of the observation of a heavy scalar through the fully hadronic final state at the LHeC

    Elias Malwa🇿🇦 · Mukesh Kumar🇿🇦 · Xifeng Ruan🇿🇦 · Bruce Mellado🇿🇦

    The proposed future Large Hadron Electron Collider provides sufficient center of mass energies, $\sqrt{s}$, to probe heavy particles decaying into $W^{\pm }(Z)-$boson of mass $>2m_W$ $(2m_Z)$. In this work we present a study to produce one such heavy $CP$ even scalar $H$ of mass $2m_h<m_H<2m_t$ through charged-current production mode where $H\to W^{+}{W}^{-}$, where hadronic decay of $W^{\pm }-$boson is considered to reconstruct $m_H$. Due to the presence of missing energy and forward jet in this channel, it is challenging to reconstruct $m_H$ with above final state and thus we employed three different reconstruction methods and discuss the significance of each one. For this analysis we consider a benchmark value of $m_H=270$\,GeV and $\sqrt{s}\approx 1.3$\,TeV with an assumed luminosity of 1\,ab${}^{-1}$.

    hep-phEPJC(2023)·0 citations
12. 12*

    Extraction of the Coulomb Sum Rule, Transverse Enhancement, and Longitudinal Quenching from an Analysis of all Available e-${}^{12}$C and e-${}^{16}$O Cross Section Data

    A. Bodek🇺🇸 · M. E. Christy🇺🇸

    We report on a phenomenological analysis of all available electron scattering data on ${}^{12}\mathrm{C}$ (about 6600 differential cross section measurements) and on ${}^{16}\mathrm{O}$ (about 250 measurements) within the framework of the quasielastic (QE) superscaling model (including Pauli blocking). All QE and inelastic cross section measurements are included down to the lowest momentum transfer $\mathbf{q}$ (including photo-production data). We find that there is enhancement of the transverse QE response function ($R_T^{QE}$) and quenching of the QE longitudinal response function ($R_L^{QE}$) at low $\mathbf{q}$ (in addition to Pauli blocking). We extract parameterizations of a $multiplicative$ low $\mathbf{q}$ "Longitudinal Quenching Factor" and an $additive$ "Transverse Enhancement" contribution. Additionally, we find that the excitation of nuclear states contribute significantly (up to 30\%) to the Coulomb Sum Rule $SL(\mathbf{q})$. We extract the most accurate determination of $SL(\mathbf{q})$ to date and find it to be in reasonable agreement with recent theoretical calculations.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPRC(2022)·18 citations
13. 13*

    Applicability of Hydrodynamics in Hadronic Phase of Heavy-Ion Collisions

    Ronald Scaria🇮🇳 · Captain R. Singh🇮🇳 · Raghunath Sahoo🇮🇳

    The hadronic phase and its dynamics in relativistic heavy-ion collisions are topics of immense discussion. The hadronic phase contains various massive hadrons with an abundance of the lightest hadron, i.e., $\pi$-mesons (pions). In this paper, we consider that pions are in thermal equilibrium in the hadronic phase and use second-order viscous hydrodynamics for a medium of massive pions to obtain its expansion to the boundary of the kinetic freeze-out. We achieve the kinetic freeze-out boundary with the Knudsen number $Kn>1$ limit. When this condition is met, hydrodynamics expansion breaks down, and the mean free path becomes sufficiently large in comparison with the system size so that the particle yields are preserved. Further, we investigate the effect of the massive fluid on the resonance particle yields, including re-scattering and regeneration, along with the natural decay widths of the resonances. The resonances can play an essential role in determining the characteristics of the hadronic phase as they have sufficiently small lifetimes, which may be comparable to the hadronic phase lifetime. In the current study, we predict the hadronic phase lifetime, which is further used to determine the $K^{\ast }(892{)}^0/K$, $\varphi (1020)/K$, and $\rho (770{)}^0/\pi$ yield ratios at the kinetic freeze-out. We calculate these ratios as a function of charged particle multiplicity and transverse momentum and compare the findings with experimental data. Our calculations qualitatively agree with the experimental data, indicating a possible hydrodynamical evolution of the hadronic phase.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPhysics(2025)·6 citations
14. 14*

    Dispersive analysis of neutral meson mixing

    Hsiang-nan Li🇹🇼

    We analyze the neutral meson mixing by directly solving the dispersion relation obeyed by the mass and width differences of the two meson mass eigenstates. We solve for the parameters $x$ and $y$, proportional to the mass and width differences in the charm mixing, respectively, taking the box-diagram contributions to $x(s)$ and $y(s)$ at large mass squared $s$ of a fictitious $D$ meson as inputs. The SU(3) symmetry breaking is introduced through physical thresholds of different $D$ meson decay channels for $y(s)$. These threshold-dependent effects, acting like nonperturbative power corrections in QCD sum rules, stabilize the solutions of $y(s=m_D^2)$ with the $D$ meson mass $m_D$. We then calculate $x(s)$ through the dispersive integration of $y(s)$, and show that our predictions $x(m_D^2)\approx 0.21\%$ and $y(m_D^2)\approx 0.52\%$ are close to the data in both $CP$-conserving and $CP$-violating cases. It is observed that the channel containing di-kaon states provides the major source of SU(3) breaking, which enhances $x(m_D^2)$ and $y(m_D^2)$ by four orders of magnitude relative to the perturbative results. We also predict the coefficient ratio $q/p$ involved in the charm mixing with $|q/p|-1\approx 2\times 10^{-4}$ and $Arg(q/p)\approx 6\times 10^{-3}$ degrees, which can be scrutinized by precise future measurements. The formalism is extended to studies of the $B_{s(d)}$ meson mixing and the kaon mixing, and the small deviations of the obtained width differences from the perturbative inputs explain why the above mixing can be understood via short-distance dynamics. We claim that the puzzling charm mixing is attributed to the strong Glashow-Iliopoulos-Maiani suppression on perturbative contributions, instead of to breakdown of the quark-hadron duality, which occurs only at 15\% level.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·22 citations
15. 15*

    Dispersion-theoretical analysis of the electromagnetic form factors of the $\Lambda$ hyperon

    Yong-Hui Lin🇩🇪 · Hans-Werner Hammer🇩🇪 · Ulf-G. Meißner🇩🇪

    The electromagnetic form factors of the $\Lambda$ hyperon in the time-like region are determined precisely through a dispersion-theoretical analysis of the world data for the cross section of the annihilation process $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to \bar{\Lambda }\Lambda$. The spectral function is represented by a superposition of narrow and broad vector meson poles. We test different scenarios for the spectral function and obtain a good description of the world data in the time-like region. The uncertainties in the extracted form factors are estimated by means of the bootstrap sampling method. The analytical continuation of the form factors to the space-like region introduces large errors due to the lack of data. When the electric $\Lambda$ radius from chiral perturbation theory is taken as a constraint, the magnetic radius is predicted as $r_M=0.681\pm 0.002$ fm. We also extract various vector meson to baryon coupling constants.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thEPJC(2022)·12 citations
16. 16*

    Superheavy Dark Matter Production from Symmetry Restoration First-Order Phase Transition During Inflation

    Haipeng An🇨🇳 · Xi Tong🇨🇳 · Siyi Zhou🇯🇵

    We propose a scenario where superheavy dark matter (DM) can be produced via symmetry restoration first-order phase transition during inflation triggered by the evolution of the inflaton field. The phase transition happens in a spectator sector coupled to the inflaton field. During the phase transition, the spectator field tunnels from a symmetry-broken vacuum to a symmetry-restored vacuum. The massive particles produced after bubble collisions are protected against decaying by the restored symmetry and may serve as a DM candidate in the later evolution of the Universe. We show that the latent heat released during the phase transition can be sufficient to produce the DM relic abundance observed today. In addition, accompanied with the super heavy DM, this first-order phase transition also produces gravitational waves detectable via future gravitational wave detectors.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thPRD(2023)·11 citations
17. 17*

    Molecular ${\Omega }_{cc}$ , ${\Omega }_{bb}$ and ${\Omega }_{bc}$ states

    Wen-Fei Wang🇨🇳 · Albert Feijoo🇪🇸 · Jing Song🇨🇳 · Eulogio Oset🇪🇸

    We study the interaction of meson-baryon coupled channels carrying quantum numbers of ${\Omega }_{cc}$ , ${\Omega }_{bb}$ and ${\Omega }_{bc}$ presently under investigation by the LHCb collaboration. The interaction is obtained from an extension of the local hidden gauge approach to the heavy quark sector that has proved to provide accurate results compared to experiment in the case of ${\Omega }_c$ , ${\Xi }_c$ states and pentaquarks, $P_c$ and $P_{cs}$. We obtain many bound states, with small decay widths within the space of the chosen coupled channels. The spin-parity of the states are $J^P={\frac{1}{2}}^{-}$ for coupled channels of pseudoscalar-baryon (${\frac{1}{2}}^{+}$), $J^P={\frac{3}{2}}^{-}$ for the case of pseudoscalar-baryon (${\frac{3}{2}}^{+}$), $J^P={\frac{1}{2}}^{-},{\frac{3}{2}}^{-}$ for the case of vector-baryon (${\frac{1}{2}}^{+}$) and $J^P={\frac{1}{2}}^{-},{\frac{3}{2}}^{-},{\frac{5}{2}}^{-}$ for the vector-baryon (${\frac{3}{2}}^{+}$) channels. We look for poles of the states and evaluate the couplings to the different channels. The couplings obtained for the open channels can serve as a guide to see in which reaction the obtained states are more likely to be observed.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-thPRD(2022)·22 citations
18. 18*

    Majorana CP-violating phases and NSI effects in Neutrino Decay

    Ashutosh Kumar Alok🇮🇳 · Neetu Raj Singh Chundawat🇮🇳 · Arindam Mandal🇮🇳 · Bhavya Soni🇮🇳

    In this work, we investigate the impact of neutrino decay in the presence of Non-Standard Interactions (NSI) along with the effects of the Majorana phase on neutrino decay in matter in the context of two-flavor neutrino oscillations. These effects are studied on neutrino oscillation probabilities $P_{\alpha \beta }\equiv P({\nu }_{\alpha }\to {\nu }_{\beta })$, and the difference $\Delta P_{\alpha \beta }\equiv P({\nu }_{\alpha }\to {\nu }_{\beta })-P({\bar{\nu }}_{\alpha }\to {\bar{\nu }}_{\beta })$ for several accelerator and reactor neutrino experiments. We find that for $P_{\alpha \beta }$, the influence of the Majorana phase on decay in matter can be replicated by the simultaneous presence of both decay and NSI. However, precise measurements of the $P_{\alpha \beta }$ and $\Delta P_{\alpha \beta }$ observables have the potential to unequivocally identify the presence of the Majorana phase by discerning its effects from the concurrent presence of both decay and NSI.

    hep-phJ.Phys.G(2024)·1 citation
19. 19*

    New Physics in $B_q^0-{\bar{B}}_q^0$ Mixing: Present Challenges, Prospects, and Implications for $B_q^0\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$

    Kristof De Bruyn🇳🇱 · Robert Fleischer🇳🇱 · Eleftheria Malami🇳🇱 · Philine van Vliet🇩🇪

    The phenomenon of $B_q^0-{\bar{B}}_q^0$ mixing ($q=d,s$) provides a sensitive probe for physics beyond the Standard Model. We explore the corresponding space for New Physics left through the current data, having a careful look at analyses of the Unitarity Triangle that are needed for the Standard Model predictions of the $B_q$ mixing parameters. In particular, we explore the impact of tensions between inclusive and exclusive determinations of the CKM matrix elements $|V_{ub}|$ and $|V_{cb}|$. Moreover, we focus on the angle $\gamma$ of the Unitarity Triangle, comparing measurements from $B\to DK$ and $B\to \pi \pi$, $\rho \pi$, $\rho \rho$ decays, where the latter are typically interpreted in terms of the angle $\alpha$. We discuss various scenarios and present the corresponding state-of-the-art constraints on the New Physics parameters of $B_q^0-{\bar{B}}_q^0$ mixing. We point out that these results have an interesting application in the analysis of rare $B_q^0\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ decays, allowing us to minimise the impact of CKM parameters in the search for New Physics. In view of the high-precision era, we make future projections. Interestingly, we find that for the extraction of the New Physics parameters in the $B_d$ system the determination of the apex of the Unitarity Triangle results in a key limiting factor. By contrast, the corresponding impact is negligible for the $B_s$ system, making it a promising candidate to reveal sources of New Physics.

    hep-phhep-exJ.Phys.G(2023)·38 citations
20. 20*

    Report on Progress in Physics: Observation of the Breit-Wheeler Process and Vacuum Birefringence in Heavy-Ion Collisions

    James Daniel Brandenburg🇺🇸 · Janet Seger🇺🇸 · Zhangbu Xu🇺🇸 · Wangmei Zha🇨🇳

    This Report reviews the effort over several decades to observe the linear Breit-Wheeler process ($\gamma \gamma \to e^{+}{e}^{-}$) and vacuum birefringence in high-energy particle and heavy-ion collider experiment. This Report, motivated by STAR's recent observations, attempts to summarize the key issues related to the interpretation of polarized $\gamma \gamma \to l^{+}{l}^{-}$ measurements in high-energy experiments. To that end, we start by reviewing the historical context and essential theoretical developments, before focusing on the decades of progress made in high-energy collider experiments. Special attention is given to the evolution in experimental approaches in response to various challenges and the demanding detector capabilities required to unambiguously identify the linear Breit-Wheeler process and to detect the signatures of vacuum birefringence. We close the report with a discussion, followed by a look at near-future opportunities for utilizing these discoveries and for testing QED in previously unexplored regimes.

    hep-phnucl-exnucl-thRept.Prog.Phys.(2023)·39 citations
21. 21*

    Charm mesons in magnetized nuclear matter -- effects of (inverse) magnetic catalysis

    Sourodeep De🇮🇳 · Pallabi Parui🇮🇳 · Amruta Mishra🇮🇳

    We investigate the in-medium masses of the pseudoscalar $(D,\bar{D},D_s^{\pm })$, and vector $(D^{\ast },{\bar{D}}^{\ast },D_s^{\ast \pm })$, open charm mesons in isospin asymmetric magnetized nuclear matter, accounting for the effects of Dirac sea. The masses are used to study the in-medium partial decay widths of $D^{\ast }\to D\pi$ (${\bar{D}}^{\ast }\to \bar{D}\pi$) and $\Psi (3770)\to D\bar{D}$, using the ${}^3{P}_0$ model. The in-medium masses of the open charm mesons are calculated from their interactions with the nucleons and scalar mesons within the generalized chiral effective model, in terms of the scalar and number densities of nucleons and the scalar fields fluctuations. The effects of Landau energy levels of protons and AMMs of the nucleons are also considered in the magnetized nuclear matter. The light quark condensates are modified considerably with magnetic field, leading to (inverse) magnetic catalysis due to the magnetized Dirac sea effects. The magnetic field causes modifications to occur due to the mixing of the pseudoscalar and longitudinal component of the vector mesons, along with the lowest Landau level contribution to the ground state energy of the charged mesons as point particle correction. For the charmonium state $\Psi (3770)$, the effects of the magnetized Dirac sea are incorporated to the mass modifications through the medium modified scalar dilaton field $\chi$ within the chiral model. The in-medium masses and decay widths of the open charm and charmonium mesons thus obtained should have important observable consequences in the production of the open charm mesons and charmonia in peripheral ultra-relativistic heavy ion collision experiments, where huge magnetic fields are expected to be created.

    hep-ph0 citations
22. 22*

    Masses of Heavy Quarkonium states in magnetized matter -- effects of PV mixing and (inverse) magnetic catalysis

    Ankit Kumar🇮🇳 · Amruta Mishra🇮🇳

    We study the in-medium masses of the heavy quarkonium (charmonium and bottomonium) states in isospin asymmetric nuclear matter in presence of an external magnetic field. The mass modifications of the heavy quarkonia are obtained from the medium modifications of a scalar dilaton field, $\chi$, calculated within a chiral effective model. The dilaton field is introduced in the model through a scale invariance breaking logarithmic potential, and, simulates the gluon condensates of QCD. Within the chiral effective model, the values of the dilaton field along with the scalar (isoscalar, $\sigma (\sim ⟨\bar{u}u⟩+⟨\bar{d}d⟩)$, isoscalar $\zeta (\sim ⟨\bar{s}s⟩$) and isovector $\delta (\sim ⟨\bar{u}u⟩-⟨\bar{d}d⟩)$) fields, are solved from their coupled equations of motion. These are solved accounting for the effects of the Dirac sea (DS) as well as anomalous magnetic moments (AMMs) of the nucleons. The Dirac sea contributions are observed to lead to enhancement (reduction) of the quark condensates (through $\sigma$ and $\zeta$ fields) with increase in magnetic field, an effect called the (inverse) magnetic catalysis. The magnetic field effects on the masses of the heavy quarkonia include the mixing of the pseudoscalar (spin 0) and vector (spin 1) states (PV mixing), as well as, the effects from (inverse) magnetic catalysis. These effects are observed to be significant for large values of the magnetic field. This should have observable consequences on the production of the heavy quarkonia and open heavy flavour mesons, resulting from ultra-relativistic peripheral heavy ion collision experiments, where the created magnetic field can be huge.

    hep-phnucl-th5 citations
23. 23*

    Diffuse X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Limits on Boson Stars that Interact with Nuclei

    Javier F. Acevedo🇨🇦 · Amit Bhoonah🇺🇸 · Joseph Bramante🇨🇦

    Light bosonic dark matter can form gravitationally bound states known as boson stars. In this work, we explore a new signature of these objects interacting with the interstellar medium (ISM). We show how small effective couplings between the bosonic dark matter and the nucleon lead to a potential that accelerates ISM baryons as they transit the boson star, making the ISM within radiate at a high rate and energy. The low ISM density, however, implies the majority of Galactic boson stars will be too faint to be observable through this effect. By contrast, the diffuse photon flux, in hard x-rays and soft gamma-rays, produced by boson stars interacting with the ionized ISM phases can be sizable. We compute this diffuse flux and compare it to existing observations from HEAO-1, INTEGRAL and COMPTEL to infer limits on the fraction of these objects. This novel method places constraints on boson star dark matter while avoiding back-action effects from ambient baryons on the boson star configuration, unlike terrestrial searches where it has been noted that back-action can screen light bosonic fields. In addition, this study could be extended to other couplings and structures formed from light dark matter. For dark matter masses $(10^{-14}$, $10^{-8})\mathrm{eV}$ and boson star masses $(10^{-10}$, $10^{-1})M_{\odot }$, we find the constraints on the fraction can go down to $f_{\ast }\lesssim 10^{-9}$ for dark matter in boson stars that is directly coupled to the Standard Model.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEJCAP(2022)·3 citations
24. 24*

    A Predictive and Testable Unified Theory of Fermion Masses, Mixing and Leptogenesis

    Bowen Fu🇬🇧 · Stephen F. King🇬🇧 · Luca Marsili🇮🇹 · Silvia Pascoli🇮🇹 · Jessica Turner🇬🇧 · Ye-Ling Zhou🇨🇳

    We consider a minimal non-supersymmetric $SO(10)$ Grand Unified Theory (GUT) model that can reproduce the observed fermionic masses and mixing parameters of the Standard Model. We calculate the scales of spontaneous symmetry breaking from the GUT to the Standard Model gauge group using two-loop renormalisation group equations. This procedure determines the proton decay rate and the scale of $U(1{)}_{B-L}$ breaking, which generates cosmic strings and the right-handed neutrino mass scales. Consequently, the regions of parameter space where thermal leptogenesis is viable are identified and correlated with the fermion masses and mixing, the neutrinoless double beta decay rate, the proton decay rate, and the gravitational wave signal resulting from the network of cosmic strings. We demonstrate that this framework, which can explain the Standard Model fermion masses and mixing and the observed baryon asymmetry, will be highly constrained by the next generation of gravitational wave detectors and neutrino oscillation experiments which will also constrain the proton lifetime.

    hep-phJHEP(2022)·33 citations
25. 25*

    Strength in numbers: optimal and scalable combination of LHC new-physics searches

    Jack Y. Araz🇬🇧 · Andy Buckley🇬🇧 · Benjamin Fuks🇫🇷 · Humberto Reyes-Gonzalez🇮🇹 · Wolfgang Waltenberger🇦🇹 · Sophie L. Williamson🇩🇪 · Jamie Yellen🇬🇧

    To gain a comprehensive view of what the LHC tells us about physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM), it is crucial that different BSM-sensitive analyses can be combined. But in general, search analyses are not statistically orthogonal, so performing comprehensive combinations requires knowledge of the extent to which the same events co-populate multiple analyses' signal regions. We present a novel, stochastic method to determine this degree of overlap and a graph algorithm to efficiently find the combination of signal regions with no mutual overlap that optimises expected upper limits on BSM-model cross-sections. The gain in exclusion power relative to single-analysis limits is demonstrated with models with varying degrees of complexity, ranging from simplified models to a 19-dimensional supersymmetric model.

    hep-phhep-exSciPost Phys.(2023)·16 citations
26. 26*

    Addressing the Short-Baseline Neutrino Anomalies with Energy-Dependent Mixing Parameters

    K. S. Babu🇺🇸 · Vedran Brdar🇺🇸 · André de Gouvêa🇺🇸 · Pedro A. N. Machado🇺🇸

    Several neutrino experiments have reported results that are potentially inconsistent with our current understanding of the lepton sector. A candidate solution to these so-called short-baseline anomalies is postulating the existence of new, eV-scale, mostly sterile neutrinos that mix with the active neutrinos. This hypothesis, however, is strongly disfavored once one considers all neutrino data, especially those that constrain the disappearance of muon and electron neutrinos at short-baselines. Here, we show that if the sterile-active mixing parameters depend on the energy-scales that characterize neutrino production and detection, the sterile-neutrino hypothesis may provide a reasonable fit to all neutrino data. The reason for the improved fit is that the stringent disappearance constraints on the different elements of the extended neutrino mixing matrix are associated to production and detection energy scales that are different from those that characterize the anomalous LSND and MiniBooNE appearance data. We show, via a concrete example, that secret interactions among the sterile neutrinos can lead to the results of interest.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2023)·15 citations
27. 27*

    Inflationary Adler Conditions

    Daniel Green🇺🇸 · Yiwen Huang🇺🇸 · Chia-Hsien Shen🇺🇸

    We derive a new soft theorem that corresponds to the spontaneous breaking of Lorentz boosts. This is motivated by the dynamics of inflation in the sub-horizon (flat-space) limit, where spacetime becomes flat but Lorentz boosts are still broken. In this limit, the scattering amplitudes become sensible observables. We relate the soft emission of a Goldstone boson to the (non-relativistic) Lorentz boost of the hard scattering amplitudes. This is the on-shell avatar of the spontaneous breaking of Lorentz boosts, analogous to the Adler zero of pions in the chiral symmetry breaking. We comment on several applications to inflation, including the demonstration that Dirac-Born-Infeld Inflation is the unique theory that has an emergent Lorentz invariance when the boosts are spontaneously broken.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COhep-phPRD(2023)·25 citations
28. 28*

    pyBumpHunter: A model independent bump hunting tool in Python for High Energy Physics analyses

    Louis Vaslin🇫🇷 · Samuel Calvet🇫🇷 · Vincent Barra🇫🇷 · Julien Donini🇫🇷

    The BumpHunter algorithm is widely used in the search for new particles in High Energy Physics analysis. This algorithm offers the advantage of evaluating the local and global p-values of a localized deviation in the observed data without making any hypothesis on the supposed signal. The increasing popularity of the Python programming language motivated the development of a new public implementation of this algorithm in Python, called pyBumpHunter, together with several improvements and additional features. It is the first public implementation of the BumpHunter algorithm to be added to Scikit-HEP. This paper presents in detail the BumpHunter algorithm as well as all the features proposed in this implementation. All these features have been tested in order to demonstrate their behaviour and performance.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phSciPost Phys.Codeb.(2023)·13 citations
29. 29*

    Study of potential self-annihilation signal from dark matter particles in some prospective astrophysical dark matter sources

    Pooja Bhattacharjee🇮🇳

    With the growing interest in indirect detection for dark matter signature, the thesis aims to investigate the signal originating from the self-annihilation of dark matter candidates. The methods for targeting the dark matter signal are two-fold, on one hand, we explore the gamma rays resulting from dark matter particles. On the other hand, we focus on complementary radio properties.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-ph0 citations
30. 30*

    Primordial black holes and gravitational waves from dissipation during inflation

    Guillermo Ballesteros🇪🇸 · Marcos A. G. García🇲🇽 · Alejandro Pérez Rodríguez🇪🇸 · Mathias Pierre🇩🇪 · Julián Rey🇪🇸

    We study the generation of a localized peak in the primordial spectrum of curvature perturbations from a transient dissipative phase during inflation, leading to a large population of primordial black holes. The enhancement of the power spectrum occurs due to stochastic thermal noise sourcing curvature fluctuations. We solve the stochastic system of Einstein equations for many realizations of the noise and obtain the distribution for the curvature power spectrum. We then propose a method to find its expectation value using a deterministic system of differential equations. In addition, we find a single stochastic equation whose analytic solution helps to understand the main features of the spectrum. Finally, we derive a complete expression and a numerical estimate for the energy density of the stochastic background of gravitational waves induced at second order in perturbation theory. This includes the gravitational waves induced during inflation, during the subsequent radiation epoch and their mixing. Our scenario provides a novel way of generating primordial black hole dark matter with a peaked mass distribution and a detectable stochastic background of gravitational waves from inflation.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thJCAP(2022)·27 citations
31. 31*

    A Phantom Menace: On the Morphology of the Galactic Center Excess

    Samuel D. McDermott🇺🇸 · Yi-Ming Zhong🇺🇸 · Ilias Cholis🇺🇸

    The characteristics of the Galactic Center Excess (GCE) emission observed in gamma-ray energies -- especially the morphology of the GCE -- remain a hotly debated subject. The manner in which the dominant diffuse gamma-ray background is modeled has been claimed to have a determining effect on the preferred morphology. In this work, we compare two distinct approaches to the galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission background: the first approach models this emission through templates calculated from a sequence of well-defined astrophysical assumptions, while the second approach divides surrogates for the background gamma-ray emission into cylindrical galactocentric rings with free independent normalizations. At the latitudes that we focus on, we find that the former approach works better, and that the overall best fit is obtained for an astrophysically motivated fit when the GCE follows the morphology expected of dark matter annihilation. Quantitatively, the improvement compared to the best ring-based fits is roughly 6500 in the chi^2 and roughly 4000 in the log of the Bayesian evidence.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.COastro-ph.GAhep-phMNRAS(2023)·27 citations
32. 32*

    Towards Early Dark Energy in String Theory

    Evan McDonough🇨🇦 · Marco Scalisi🇩🇪

    Early Dark Energy (EDE) is a prominent model to resolve the Hubble tension, which employs a dynamical axion with a periodic potential. In this work, we take first steps towards the embedding of this model into stable compactifications of string theory. First, we provide a pedagogical review of the EDE scenario and its main challenges. Second, we construct a simple supergravity toy model using only minimal ingredients. Already at this level, we can understand the origin of the harmonics of the EDE scalar potential in terms of a delicate balance of the leading terms from separate non-perturbative effects. Third and final, we embed the model into a KKLT-type compactification, with the EDE scalar field realized by a two-form axion. We find that a successful embedding, with all moduli stabilized, requires restrictive assumptions both on the Pfaffians and on the exponents of the non-perturbative terms responsible for the EDE dynamics. We point out that such non-generic conditions reflect well known challenges of the EDE model and further investigation might guide us towards a conclusive resolution.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phJHEP(2023)·59 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.