Mon·Aug 29, 2022Monday·August 29, 2022

1. 01*

   Origin of nontopological soliton dark matter: solitosynthesis or phase transition

   Yang Bai🇺🇸 · Sida Lu🇮🇱 · Nicholas Orlofsky🇨🇦

   This work demonstrates that nontopological solitons with large global charges and masses, even above the Planck scale, can form in the early universe and dominate the dark matter abundance. In solitosynthesis, solitons prefer to grow as large as possible under equilibrium dynamics when an initial global charge asymmetry is present. Their abundance is set by when soliton formation via particle fusion freezes out, and their charges are set by the time it takes to accumulate free particles. This work improves the estimation of both quantities, and in particular shows that much larger-charged solitons form than previously thought. The results are estimated analytically and validated numerically by solving the coupled Boltzmann equations. Without solitosynthesis, phase transitions can still form solitons from particles left inside false-vacuum pockets and determine their present-day abundance and properties. Even with zero charge asymmetry, solitons formed in this way can have very large charges on account of statistical fluctuations in the numbers of (anti)particles inside each pocket.

   hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2022)·25 citations
2. 02*

   Impact of ATLAS constraints on effective dark matter-standard model interactions with spin-one mediators

   Fabiola Fortuna🇲🇽 · Pablo Roig🇲🇽

   We complement a previous work \cite{Fortuna:2020wwx} using an EFT framework of dark matter and standard model interactions, with spin-one mediators, exploring a wider dark matter mass range, up to $6.4$ TeV. We use again bounds from different experiments: relic density, direct detection experiments and indirect detection limits from the search of gamma-ray emissions and positron fluxes. Besides, in this paper we add collider constraints by the ATLAS Collaboration in monojet analysis. Moreover, here we tested our previous results in the light of the aforementioned ATLAS data, which turn out to be the most restrictive forlight dark matter masses (as expected), $m_{\mathrm{DM}}<M_Z/2$. We obtain a larger range of solutions for the operators of dimension 5, OP1 and OP4, where masses above $43$ GeV and $30$ GeV (but for the $Z$ resonance region, $\sim (M_Z\pm {\Gamma }_Z)/2$), respectively, are allowed. In contrast, the operator of dimension 6, OP3, has viable solutions for masses $\gtrsim 190$ GeV. For the combination of OP1\&OP3 we obtain solutions (for masses larger than $140$ or $325$ GeV) that depend on the relative sign between the operators.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·4 citations
3. 03*

   Wave functions of $(I,J^P)=(\frac{1}{2},{\frac{3}{2}}^{\mp })$ baryons

   Langtian Liu🇨🇳 · Chen Chen🇨🇳 · Craig D. Roberts🇨🇳

   Using a Poincaré-covariant quark+diquark Faddeev equation, we provide structural information on the four lightest $(I,J^P)=(\frac{1}{2},{\frac{3}{2}}^{\mp })$ baryon multiplets. These systems may contain five distinct types of diquarks; but in order to obtain reliable results, it is sufficient to retain only isoscalar-scalar and isovector-axialvector correlations, with the latter being especially important. Viewed with low resolution, the Faddeev equation description of these states bears some resemblance to the associated quark model pictures; namely, they form a set of states related via orbital angular momentum excitation: the negative parity states are primarily $\mathsf{P}$-wave in character, whereas the positive parity states are $\mathsf{D}$ wave. However, a closer look reveals far greater structural complexity than is typical of quark model descriptions, with $\mathsf{P}$, $\mathsf{D}$, $\mathsf{S}$, $\mathsf{F}$ waves and interferences between them all playing a large role in forming observables. Large momentum transfer resonance electroexcitation measurements can be used to test these predictions and may thereby provide insights into the nature of emergent hadron mass.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-ex+1PRD(2023)·23 citations
4. 04*

   Applications of Diagrammatic Renormalization Methods in QCD Sum-Rules

   T. de Oliveira🇨🇦 · D. Harnett🇨🇦 · A. Palameta🇨🇦 · T.G. Steele🇨🇦

   In QCD sum-rule methods, the fundamental field-theoretical quantities are correlation functions of composite operators that serve as hadronic interpolating fields. One of the challenges of loop corrections to QCD correlation functions in conventional approaches is the renormalization-induced mixing of composite operators. This involves a multi-step process of first renormalizing the operators, and then calculating the correlation functions in this mixed basis. This process becomes increasingly complicated as the number of operators mixed under renormalization increases, a situation that is exacerbated as the operator mass dimension increases in important physical systems such as tetraquarks, pentaquarks, and hybrids. Diagrammatic renormalization provides an alternative to the conventional operator renormalization approach. Diagrammatic renormalization methods are outlined and applied to a variety of QCD sum-rule examples of increasing complexity. The results are benchmarked, and the diagrammatic method is contrasted with the conventional operator mixing approach. Advantages and conceptual interpretations of the diagrammatic renormalization approach are outlined and technical subtleties are explored.

   hep-phPRD(2022)·13 citations
5. 05*

   Lorentz violation in electromagnetic moments of fermions

   Javier Montaño-Domínguez🇲🇽 · Héctor Novales-Sánchez🇲🇽 · Mónica Salinas🇲🇽 · J. Jesús Toscano🇲🇽

   Lorentz-violating Yukawa couplings lying within the renormalizable part of the SME generate Lorentz-invariant one-loop contributions to electromagnetic moments of fermions. These proceedings provide a discussion on such contributions and present bounds on SME coefficients from experimental data on electromagnetic moments. Constraints as restrictive as $\sim 10^{-14}$ are found.

   hep-ph2 citations
6. 06*

   The $SU(2{)}_D$ lepton portals for muon $g-2$, $W$ boson mass and dark matter

   Seong-Sik Kim🇰🇷 · Hyun Min Lee🇰🇷 · Adriana G. Menkara🇰🇷 · Kimiko Yamashita🇰🇷

   We propose a novel model which extends the Standard Model (SM) by introducing a $SU(2{)}_D$ gauge symmetry. In this model, a dark $SU(2{)}_D$ Higgs doublet and a Higgs bi-doublet can contribute to the muon $g-2$ anomaly and the $W$ boson mass, remaining in tune with the recent experimental results. At the same time, the isospin charged gauge boson of $SU(2{)}_D$ becomes a plausible candidate for Dark Matter(DM). We find that the resulting parameter space can fit the muon $g-2$, the $W$ boson mass and the DM constraints simultaneously.

   hep-phSciPost Phys.Proc.(2023)·3 citations
7. 07*

   Schwinger-Dyson equations and mass generation for an axion theory with a PT symmetric Yukawa fermion interaction

   N. E. Mavromatos🇬🇷 · Sarben Sarkar🇬🇧 · A. Soto🇬🇧

   A nonperturbative Schwinger-Dyson analysis of mass generation is presented for a non-Hermitian PT-symmetric field theory in four dimensions of an axion coupled to a Dirac fermion.The model is motivated by phenomenological considerations.The axion has a quartic self-coupling $\lambda$ and a Yukawa coupling $g$ to the fermion. The Schwinger-Dyson equations are derived for the model with generic couplings. In the non-Hermitian case there is an additional nonperturbative contribution to the scalar mass. In a simplified rainbow analysis the solutions for the SD equations, are given for different regimes of the couplings $g$ and $\lambda$.

   hep-phNPB(2023)·11 citations
8. 08*

   Kinematical higher-twist corrections in ${\gamma }^{\ast }\gamma \to \pi \pi$

   Cédric Lorcé🇫🇷 · Bernard Pire🇫🇷 · Qin-Tao Song🇨🇳

   We apply the Braun-Manashov technique to improve the description of ${\gamma }^{\ast }(q_1)\gamma (q_2)\to M(p_1)M(p_2)$ amplitudes at large $Q^2=-q_1^2$ and small $s=(q_1+q_2{)}^2$. We derive the kinematical higher-twist contributions of order $s/Q^2$ and $m^2/Q^2$ to the helicity amplitudes and estimate their sizes in the kinematics accessible at Belle and Belle II.Since pion GPDs cannot be directly measured by experiment, $\pi \pi$ GDAs are the best way to investigate the energy-momentum tensor form factors for pions.

   hep-phnucl-th5 citations
9. 09*

   Note on rare $Z$-boson decays to double heavy quarkonia

   Dao-Neng Gao🇨🇳 · Xi Gong🇨🇳

   Within the standard model, we have investigated rare $Z$-boson decays into double heavy quarkonia, $Z\to VV$ and $Z\to VP$ with $V$ denoting vector and $P$ denoting pseudoscalar quarkonia, respectively. It is assumed that the leading-order QCD diagrams would give the dominant contributions to these processes, and the corresponding branching fractions, for instance, $\mathcal{B}(Z\to J/\Psi J/\Psi )$ has been estimated to be around $10^{-13}$ in the literature. However, these decays could also happen through the electromagnetic transition $Z\to V{\gamma }^{\ast }$ and $Z\to P{\gamma }^{\ast }$, with the virtual photon transforming into $V$. Interestingly, the smallness of the vector quarkonium mass can give rise to a large factor $m_Z^2/m_V^2$, relative to the QCD contributions, which thus counteracts the suppression from the electromagnetic coupling. We systematically include these two types of contributions in our calculation to predict branching fractions for these decays. Particularly, due to the virtual photon effects, it is found that $\mathcal{B}(Z\to J/\Psi J/\Psi )$ will be significantly enhanced, which could be up to $10^{-10}$.

   hep-phhep-exCPC(2023)·11 citations
10. 10*

    $W^{\pm }Z$ production at NNLO QCD and NLO EW matched to parton showers with MiNNLO${}_{\mathrm{PS}}$

    Jonas M. Lindert🇬🇧 · Daniele Lombardi🇩🇪 · Marius Wiesemann🇩🇪 · Giulia Zanderighi🇩🇪 · Silvia Zanoli🇩🇪

    We consider $W^{\pm }Z$ production in hadronic collisions and present high-precision predictions in QCD and electroweak (EW) perturbation theory matched to parton showers. To this end, we match next-to-next-to-leading order QCD corrections to parton showers using the MiNNLO${}_{\mathrm{PS}}$ method and consistently combine them with next-to-leading order EW corrections matched to parton showers. This is the first time such accuracy in the event generation is achieved for any collider process, and we study in detail the impact of different choices in the combination of QCD and EW corrections as well as QCD and QED showers. Spin correlations, interferences and off-shell effects are retained by considering the full leptonic processes $pp\to {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}{\ell }^{\prime \pm }{\nu }_{\ell }^{\prime }$ with ${\ell }^{\prime }\ne \ell$ and ${\ell }^{\prime }=\ell$ without approximations, and the matching to QED radiation is performed preserving the resonance structure of the process. We find that NNLO QCD predictions including QCD and QED shower effects provide a very good approximation in the bulk-region of the phase space, while EW effects become increasingly important in the high-energy tails of kinematic distributions. Our default predictions are in excellent agreement with recent ATLAS data.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2022)·34 citations
11. 11*

    Deeply virtual Compton scattering in the tensor-pomeron approach

    Piotr Lebiedowicz🇵🇱 · Otto Nachtmann🇩🇪 · Antoni Szczurek🇵🇱

    The two-tensor-pomeron model proposed previously to describe low $x$ DIS data is applied to real and virtual Compton scattering on a proton. The model includes two tensor pomerons, a soft and a hard one, and tensor reggeons. We include contributions of both transverse and longitudinal virtual photons. We show that this model gives a very good description of experimental data at small Bjorken $x$ on deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) from HERA. The reggeon exchange term is particularly relevant for describing the real-photon-proton scattering measured at lower $\gamma p$ energies at FNAL. We present two fits which differ somewhat in the strength of the hard pomeron contribution. In both fits we find that the interference between soft- and hard-pomeron exchange plays an important role. We find that in DVCS the soft-pomeron contribution is considerable up to $Q^2\sim 20$ GeV${}^2$. Our model allows to study the transition from the small-$Q^2$ regime, including the photoproduction ($Q^2=0$) limit, to the large-$Q^2$ regime, the DIS limit. We also discuss the ratio of cross sections for longitudinally and transversely polarized virtual photons in ${\gamma }^{\ast }p\to \gamma p$ as a function of $|t|$ and $Q^2$. The ratio $\tilde{R}(Q^2,W^2,t)=(d{\sigma }_{\mathrm{L}}/dt)/(d{\sigma }_{\mathrm{T}}/dt)$ strongly increases with $t$. Our findings may be checked in future lepton-nucleon scattering experiments in the low-$x$ regime, for instance, at a future Electron-Ion Collider at the BNL (EIC), and, if LHeC is realized, at the LHC.

    hep-phhep-exPLB(2022)·5 citations
12. 12*

    hidden charm decays of $X(4014)$ in a $D^{\ast }{\bar{D}}^{\ast }$ molecule scenario

    Zi-Li Yue🇨🇳 · Man-Yu Duan🇨🇳 · Chun-Hua Liu🇨🇳 · Dian-Yong Chen🇨🇳 · Yu-Bing Dong🇨🇳

    Inspired by the recent observation of a new structure, $X(4014)$, in the process $\gamma \gamma \to \gamma \psi (2S)$, we evaluate the possibility of assigning $X(4014)$ as a $D^{\ast }{\bar{D}}^{\ast }$ molecular state with $I(J^{PC})=0(0^{++})$ by investigating the hidden charm decays of $X(4014)$. The partial widths of $J/\psi \omega$, ${\eta }_c\eta$ and ${\eta }_c{\eta }^{\prime }$ channels are evaluated to be about $(0.41\sim 5.00)$, $(2.05\sim 7.49)$ and $(0.11\sim 0.51)\mathrm{MeV}$, respectively. Considering the experimental observation and the present estimations, we proposed to search $X(4014)$ in the $\gamma \gamma \to J/\psi \omega$ process in Belle II.

    hep-phPRD(2022)·11 citations
13. 13*

    Searching for light neutralinos with a displaced vertex at the LHC

    Giovanna Cottin🇨🇱 · Juan Carlos Helo🇨🇱 · Fabián Hernández-Pinto🇨🇱 · Nicolás A. Neill🇨🇱 · Zeren Simon Wang🇹🇼

    We study a bino-like light neutralino (${\tilde{\chi }}_1^0$) produced at the LHC from the decay of a scalar lepton (${\tilde{e}}_L$) through the process $pp\to {\tilde{e}}_L\to e{\tilde{\chi }}_1^0$ in the context of R-parity-violating (RPV) supersymmetry where ${\tilde{\chi }}_1^0$ is the lightest supersymmetric particle. For small masses and RPV couplings, the neutralino is naturally long-lived and its decay products can be identified as displaced tracks. Following existing searches, we propose a displaced-vertex search strategy for such a light neutralino with a single RPV coupling switched on, ${\lambda }_{111}^{\prime }$, in the mass range $10\text{mbox}GeV\lesssim m_{{\tilde{\chi }}_1^0}\lesssim 230\text{mbox}GeV$. We perform Monte Carlo simulations and conclude that at the high-luminosity LHC, the proposed search can probe values of ${\lambda }_{111}^{\prime }$ down to two orders of magnitude smaller than current bounds and up to 40 times stronger than projected limits from monolepton searches.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2022)·5 citations
14. 14*

    Acoustic detection potential of single minimum ionizing particles in viscous liquids

    Panagiotis Oikonomou · Laura Manenti🇦🇪 · Isaac Sarnoff🇦🇪 · Francesco Arneodo🇦🇪

    An ionizing particle passing through a liquid generates acoustic signals via local heat deposition. We delve into modeling such acoustic signals in the case of a single particle that interacts with the liquid electromagnetically in a generic way. We present a systematic way of introducing corrections due to viscosity using a perturbative approach so that our solution is valid at large distances from the interaction point. A computational simulation framework to perform the calculations described is also provided. The methodology developed is then applied to predict the acoustic signal of relativistic muons in various liquids as a toy model.

    ↳ physics.class-phhep-exhep-phPRResearch(2023)·0 citations
15. 15*

    Probing nuclear observables via primordial nucleosynthesis

    Ulf-G. Meißner🇩🇪 · Bernard Ch. Metsch🇩🇪

    We study the dependence of primordial nuclear abundances on fundamental nuclear observables such as binding energies, scattering lengths, neutron lifetime, \textit{etc.} by varying these quantities. The numerical computations were performed with four publicly available codes, thus facilitating an investigation of the model-dependent (systematic) uncertainties on these dependences. Indeed deviations of the order of a few percent are found. Moreover, accounting for the temperature dependence of the sensitivity of the rates to some relevant parameters leads to a reduction of the sensitivity of the final primordial abundances, which in some cases is appreciable. These effects are considered to be relevant for studies of the dependence of the nuclear abundances on fundamental parameters such as quark masses or couplings underlying the nuclear parameters studied here.

    ↳ nucl-thastro-ph.COhep-lathep-ph+1EPJA(2022)·6 citations
16. 16*

    Equation of State and Joule-Thomson Expansion for the FRW Universe in the Brane World Scenario

    Shi-Bei Kong🇨🇳 · Haximjan Abdusattar🇨🇳 · Hongsheng Zhang🇨🇳 · Ya-Peng Hu🇨🇳

    We study the thermodynamic properties of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe in the brane world scenario, concentrating on the Randall-Sundrum II model. From the first law of thermodynamics for the FRW universe, we find that the work density W can be identified with the thermodynamic pressure P. We construct the equation of state P=P(V,T) for the FRW universe in the brane world scenario, which does not show P-V phase transition. We further study the Joule-Thomson expansion of the FRW universe, and derive the Joule-Thomson coefficient, which has an inversion point that is affected by the brane tension. These results could provide new ways to test the brane world scenario and extra dimension.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-thNPB(2023)·12 citations
17. 17*

    Uncovering dark matter density profiles in dwarf galaxies with graph neural networks

    Tri Nguyen🇺🇸 · Siddharth Mishra-Sharma🇺🇸 · Reuel Williams🇺🇸 · Lina Necib🇺🇸

    Dwarf galaxies are small, dark matter-dominated galaxies, some of which are embedded within the Milky Way. Their lack of baryonic matter (e.g., stars and gas) makes them perfect test beds for probing the properties of dark matter -- understanding the spatial dark matter distribution in these systems can be used to constrain microphysical dark matter interactions that influence the formation and evolution of structures in our Universe. We introduce a new method that leverages simulation-based inference and graph-based machine learning in order to infer the dark matter density profiles of dwarf galaxies from observable kinematics of stars gravitationally bound to these systems. Our approach aims to address some of the limitations of established methods based on dynamical Jeans modeling. We show that this novel method can place stronger constraints on dark matter profiles and, consequently, has the potential to weigh in on some of the ongoing puzzles associated with the small-scale structure of dark matter halos, such as the core-cusp discrepancy.

    ↳ astro-ph.COcs.LGhep-phPRD(2023)·16 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.