Wed·Aug 17, 2022Wednesday·August 17, 2022

1. 01*

   Bjorken sum rule with hyperasymptotic precision

   Cesar Ayala🇨🇱 · Antonio Pineda🇪🇸

   We obtain an improved determination of the normalization of the leading infrared renormalon of the Bjorken sum rule: $Z_B(n_f=3)=-0.407\pm 0.119$. Estimates of higher order terms of the perturbative series are given. We compute the Bjorken sum rule with hyperasymptotic precision by including the leading terminant, associated with the first infrared renormalon. We fit the experimental data to the operator product expansion theoretical prediction with ${\hat{f}}_3^{\mathrm{PV}}$ as the free parameter. We obtain a good agreement with the experiment with ${\hat{f}}_3^{\mathrm{PV}}\times 10^3=32_{-196}^{+187}{\mathrm{GeV}}^2$ for $Q^2\ge 1$ GeV${}^2$.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2022)·17 citations
2. 02*

   Investigation for $Z$-boson decay into ${\Xi }_{bc}$ and ${\Xi }_{bb}$ baryon with the NRQCD factorizations approach

   Xuan Luo🇨🇳 · Hai-Bing Fu🇨🇳 · Hai-Jiang Tian🇨🇳

   The $Z$-boson decay provides good opportunities for the research on ${\Xi }_{b{Q}^{\prime }}$ baryon due to large quantity of $Z$ events that can be collected at the high-energy colliders. We performed a completed investigation of the indirect production of the ${\Xi }_{bc}$ and ${\Xi }_{bb}$ baryon via $Z$-boson decay $Z\to {\Xi }_{b{Q}^{\prime }}+\bar{b}+{\bar{Q}}^{\prime }$ with $Q^{\prime }=(c,b)$ quark according to NRQCD factorizations approach. After considering the contribution of the diquark states $⟨bc⟩{[}^3{S}_1{]}_{\bar{3}/6}$, $⟨bc⟩{[}^1{S}_0{]}_{\bar{3}/6}$, $⟨bb⟩{[}^1{S}_0{]}_6$ and $⟨bb⟩{[}^3{S}_1{]}_{\bar{3}}$, the calculated branching ratio for $Z\to {\Xi }_{b{Q}^{\prime }}+X$ are $\mathcal{B}(Z\to {\Xi }_{bc}+X)=3.595\times 10^{-5}$ and $\mathcal{B}(Z\to {\Xi }_{bc}+X)=1.213\times 10^{-6}$. Moreover, the ${\Xi }_{bc}$ events produced are predicted to be of the $10^4(10^7)$ order at the LHC(CEPC), while the ${\Xi }_{bb}$ events produced are forecasted to be of the $10^3(10^6)$ order. Furthermore, we have estimated the production ratio $\mathcal{R}(Z_Q\to {\Xi }_{bc}^{+,0})$ with four $Z$-boson decay channels. The $\mathcal{R}(Z_Q\to {\Xi }_{bc}^{+,0})$ up to $10^{-6}$ for $Z\to c\bar{c}$ channel and $10^{-5}$ for $Z\to b\bar{b}$ channel, respectively. Finally, we present the differential decay widths of ${\Xi }_{bc}({\Xi }_{bb})$ with respect to $s_{23}$ and $z$ distributions, and analysis the uncertainties.

   hep-phCPC(2023)·9 citations
3. 03*

   Page Entropy of Proton System in Deep-Inelastic-Scattering at Small-$x$

   Wei Kou🇨🇳 · Xiaopeng Wang🇨🇳 · Xurong Chen🇨🇳

   The partons model reveals the dynamical structure of nucleons (protons and neutrons). Studies related to thermodynamic quantities of nucleons are interesting and topical questions. In this work, for the first time we apply Page's theory of the studies of black hole to investigate the entropy of proton system. Inspired by the quantum entanglement entropy in black hole information theories, we establish the proton entanglement with the similar way. Based our calculations, the proton entanglement entropy has the approximate form $S=\ln m-1/2$, where $m$ represents the partons density of proton (mainly gluon and sea quark contributions) at small Bjorken $x$. Our calculations using Page's theory are well in agreement with the recent DIS measurements from H1 collaboration.

   hep-phPRD(2022)·16 citations
4. 04*

   Towards the phenomenological implications of the Physical Scheme in PDF fits

   Valerio Bertone🇫🇷 · Chris A. Flett🇫🇮 · Alan D. Martin🇬🇧 · Misha G. Ryskin🇷🇺

   We describe the impact on PDF extractions of the 'Physical Scheme', a heavy-quark mass scheme that accounts for the effects of intrinsic heavy-quarks and provides a way to smoothly transition over the heavy-quark thresholds. The modifications made to the conventional $\overline{\text{MS}}$ scheme splitting functions and ${\alpha }_s$ running will be emphasised, collectively giving rise to a new Physical Scheme PDF evolution. We also present the analytic formulae for the DIS coefficient functions at NLO in the Physical Scheme and show results for the $F_2$ charm DIS structure function. Motivated by the upcoming statistics from the High-Luminosity LHC, embodying the next phase of the precision physics era at the LHC, as well as in time from the Electron-Ion collider, we end by highlighting the need to quantify the effect of these corrections on PDF extractions over a wide range of momentum fractions $x$ and scales $Q^2$ and propose the use of $\text{xFitter}$ for doing so.

   hep-ph0 citations
5. 05*

   Exclusive doubly charged Higgs boson pair production in $pp$ collisions at the LHC

   Laura Duarte🇧🇷 · Victor P. Goncalves🇧🇷 · Daniel E. Martins🇧🇷 · Téssio B. de Melo🇧🇷 · Farinaldo S. Queiroz🇧🇷

   The type II seesaw model predicts the existence of a doubly charged Higgs boson ($H^{\pm \pm }$), which can be produced through the Drell - Yan process and photon -- induced interactions at hadronic colliders. In recent years, such reactions have been largely investigated in inclusive processes, where both incident protons breakup and a large number of particles is produced in addition to the doubly charged Higgs pair. In this paper, we investigate, for the first time, the possibility of searching for $H^{\pm \pm }$ in exclusive processes, which are characterized by two rapidity gaps and two intact very forward protons in final state. We estimate the associated cross section making use of the exclusive nature of the final state, together with the use of timing information provided by forward proton detectors. Moreover, the background is estimated considering distinct amounts of pile-up. Our results indicate that the exclusive doubly charged Higgs pair production is a promising way to search for signatures of the type II seesaw and to obtain lower mass bounds on $H^{\pm \pm }$.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2023)·7 citations
6. 06*

   Connecting Cosmic Inflation to Particle Physics with LiteBIRD, CMB-S4, EUCLID and SKA

   Marco Drewes🇧🇪 · Lei Ming🇧🇪

   We show that next generation Cosmic Microwave Background experiments will be capable of the first ever measurement of the inflaton coupling to other particles, opening a new window to probe the connection between cosmic inflation and particle physics. This sensitivity is based on the impact that the reheating phase after cosmic inflation has on the redshifting of cosmic perturbations. For our analysis we introduce a simple analytic method to estimate the sensitivity of future CMB observations to the reheating temperature and the inflaton coupling. Applying our method to LiteBIRD and CMB-S4 we find that, within a given model of inflation, these missions have the potential to impose both an upper and a lower bound on the inflaton coupling. Further improvement can be achieved if CMB data is combined with optical and 21cm surveys. Our results demonstrate the potential of future observations to constrain microphysical parameters that can provide an important clue to understand how a given model of inflation may be embedded in a more fundamental theory of nature.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPRL(2024)·22 citations
7. 07*

   Static properties and Semileptonic transitions of lowest-lying double heavy baryons

   Zahra Ghalenovi🇮🇷 · Masoumeh Moazzen Sorkhi🇮🇷

   The static properties and semileptonic decays of ground-state doubly heavy baryons are studied working in the framework of a non-relativistic quark model. Using a phenomenological potential model, we calculate the ground-state masses and magnetic moments of doubly heavy $\Omega$ and $\Xi$ baryons. In the heavy quark limit, we introduce a simple form of the universal Isgur-Wise function used as the transition form factor and then investigate the exclusive $b\to c$ semileptonic decay widths and branching ratios for $\frac{1}{2}\to \frac{1}{2}$ baryon transitions. Our obtained results are in agreement with other theoretical predictions.

   hep-phCPC(2023)·7 citations
8. 08*

   Investigation of magnetic moment of $P_{cs}(4338)$ and $P_{cs}(4459)$ pentaquark states

   Ulaş Özdem🇹🇷

   In this study, we discuss the magnetic moment of $P_{cs}(4338)$ and $P_{cs}(4459)$ hidden-charmed pentaquarks, which are closely related to their substructures. The magnetic moments of these states are calculated with the help of the QCD light-cone sum rules method with quantum numbers $I(J^P)=0(1/2^{-})$ and $I(J^P)=0(3/2^{-})$ for $P_{cs}(4338)$ and $P_{cs}(4459)$, respectively. Our predictions for the magnetic moment ${\mu }_{P_{cs}}=0.34\pm 0.12{\mu }_N$ for the $P_{cs}(4338)$ state, and ${\mu }_{P_{cs}}=-1.67\pm 0.58{\mu }_N$ for the $P_{cs}(4459)$ state. As a by-product, the magnetic moments of the isospin$-1$ partners of these states have also been obtained. The magnetic moments are obtained as ${\mu }_{P_{cs}}=0.63\pm 0.21{\mu }_N$ and ${\mu }_{P_{cs}}=-3.33\pm 1.04{\mu }_N$ for the isospin-1 partners of the $P_{cs}(4338)$ and $P_{cs}(4459)$ states, respectively. Our results regarding the magnetic moments of these color singlet-singlet type pentaquark states are compared with the results in the literature.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latPLB(2023)·50 citations
9. 09*

   Probing intermediate scale Froggatt-Nielsen models at future gravitational wave observatories

   Dhruv Ringe🇮🇳

   The flavor symmetry-breaking scale in the Froggatt-Nielsen (FN) mechanism is very weakly constrained by present experiments, and can lie anywhere from a few TeV to the Planck scale. We construct two minimal, non-supersymmetric, ultraviolet (UV) complete models that generate the FN mechanism, with a global $U(1{)}_{\mathrm{FN}}$ flavor symmetry and a single flavon field. Using the one-loop finite temperature effective potential, we explore the possibility of a strong first order phase transition (SFOPT) induced by the flavon. We show that if the flavor symmetry-breaking occurs at intermediate scales $\sim 10^4-10^7$ GeV, then in certain regions of the parameter space, the associated stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background is strong enough to be detected by second generation GW observatories such as the Big Bang Observer (BBO), the Deci-hertz interferometer Gravitational Observatory (DECIGO), the Cosmic Explorer (CE) and the Einstein Telescope (ET). We identify viable regions of the parameter space for the best detection prospects. While both models of flavor can produce a detectable GW background, the GW signature cannot be used to discriminate between them.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·8 citations
10. 10*

    Axion-plasmon-polariton hybridization in a graphene periodic structure

    Liu Daqing🇨🇳 · Hua Xiuqin🇨🇳 · Sun Dong🇨🇳 · Jiang Xingfang🇨🇳 · Zhao Xiang🇨🇳

    This study investigated the hybridization between an axion and plasmon polariton, attributed to the coupling achieved by combining modified electrodynamics and hydrodynamic approaches on a plasmon-polariton in a graphene periodic structure. The enhancement of the effective coupling was also studied. Furthermore, corrections for the axion and the lowest plasmon -polariton hybridization state spectra have been presented. An observable was proposed to detect axions, which is significant even when the effective coupling is not large, especially as the axion mass decreases. The study shows that the resulting structure provides a sensitive and wide-mass-spectrum platform for detecting axions at the sub-meV scale.

    hep-phJHEP(2022)·2 citations
11. 11*

    Geant4 FTF Model Description of the NA61/SHINE Collaboration Data on Strange Particle's Production in pp Interactions

    A. Galoyan🇷🇺 · V. Uzhinsky🇷🇺

    The latest data by the NA61/SHINE collaboration on inclusive distributions of $K^{\ast 0}$ and $\varphi$ meson's, ${\Xi }^{-}$ and ${\bar{\Xi }}^{+}$ hyperon's production in $\mathrm{pp}$ interactions at $P_{lab}$ from 40 up to 158 GeV/c are considered. As it was shown before in experimental papers, Monte Carlo models -- EPOS 1.99, UrQMD 3.4 and Pythia 6, cannot describe reasonably well the data. In the presented paper, the yields of the particles are analyzed within the Geant4 FTF model. The meson yields are proportional to the probability of strange quark-antiquark pair production from the vacuum, and the probability to form a vector meson at a given quark-anti-quark content -- $P_{Vec}$. Detailed calculations presented in our paper show that a good description of the data can be reached for $P_{Vec}$ = 0.6 for a meson with one strange quark or antiquark. For a meson contained strange quark and strange antiquark, $P_{Vec}$ = 0.7. For a combination of non-strange quark and antiquark, $P_{Vec}$ = 0.5. The description of the ${\Xi }^{-}$ and ${\bar{\Xi }}^{+}$ hyperons requires a change of the diquark fragmentation function into hyperons and a special treatment (rearrangement) of fragmentation of anti-diquark -- diquark strings with low masses.

    hep-phBull.Russ.Acad.Sci.Phys.(2023)·3 citations
12. 12*

    Does Lorentz-symmetric design boost network performance in jet physics?

    Congqiao Li🇨🇳 · Huilin Qu🇨🇭 · Sitian Qian🇨🇳 · Qi Meng · Shiqi Gong🇨🇳 · Jue Zhang · Tie-Yan Liu · Qiang Li🇨🇳

    In the deep learning era, improving the neural network performance in jet physics is a rewarding task as it directly contributes to more accurate physics measurements at the LHC. Recent research has proposed various network designs in consideration of the full Lorentz symmetry, but its benefit is still not systematically asserted, given that there remain many successful networks without taking it into account. We conduct a detailed study on the Lorentz-symmetric design. We propose two generalized approaches for modifying a network - these methods are experimented on Particle Flow Network, ParticleNet, and LorentzNet, and exhibit a general performance gain. We also reveal that the notable improvement attributed to the "pairwise mass" feature in the network is due to its introduction of a structure that fully complies with Lorentz symmetry. We confirm that Lorentz-symmetry preservation serves as a strong inductive bias of jet physics, hence calling for attention to such general recipes in future network designs.

    hep-phhep-exphysics.data-anPRD(2024)·28 citations
13. 13*

    Majorana Neutrinos and Clockworked Yukawa Couplings contribution to non-observation of the rare leptonic decay $l_i\to l_j\gamma$, Clockwork Photon and Clockwork Graviton

    Gayatri Ghosh🇮🇳

    The clockwork is an extra-dimensional set-up for generating light particles with exponentially suppressed or hierarchical couplings of light particles with N massive states having comparable masses near the threshold scale of the mechanism in theories which contain no small parameters at the fundamental level. We explore the prospect of charged lepton flavour violation (cLFV) in a clockwork framework which encompasses Dirac mass terms as well as Majorana mass terms for the new clockwork fermions. We deive the masses of the non zero clockwork Majorana masses, and new particles in a clockwork framework and for their Yukawa couplings to the lepton doublets, in the framework where the clockwork parameters are universal. When the new clockwork Majorana masses are non zero, neutrino masses are generated as a result from the exchange of heavy messenger particles such as right handed iso$-$singlet neutrinos or iso$-$triplet scalar bosons known as the seesaw mechanism. In the case of non zero clockwork Majorana masses, owing to the sizable effective Yukawa couplings of the higher mass modes neutrino masses can only be made tiny by conjecturing large Majorana mass in the teraelectron volt range for allthe clockwork gears. This is apparent from the constraints on the mass scale of the clockwork fermions due to the non-observation of the rare cLFV decay $\mu \to e\gamma$, $\tau \to \mu \gamma$, $\tau \to e\gamma$. A general description of the clockwork mechanism valid for fermions, gauge bosons, and gravitons is discussed here. This mechanism can be implemented with a discrete set of new fields or, in its continuum version, through an extra spatial dimension.

    hep-phLHEP(2023)·3 citations
14. 14*

    Complete One-loop Structure of the Type-(I+II) Seesaw Effective Field Theory

    Di Zhang🇨🇳

    Besides the three canonical seesaw mechanisms, the hybrid scenario, i.e., the so-called type-(I+II) seesaw mechanism containing both the right-handed neutrinos $N_{\mathrm{R}}^{}$ and the triplet Higgs $\Phi$ is also an appealing extension of the Standard Model (SM) to account for tiny neutrino masses. Recently, the seesaw effective field theories (SEFTs) of the three canonical seesaw mechanisms have already been completely constructed up to one-loop level. In this work, we carry out the one-loop matching of the type-(I+II) seesaw mechanism onto the corresponding type-(I+II) SEFT, which is by no means the trivial combination of the type-I and type-II SEFTs and contains additional contributions even though the right-handed neutrinos and the triplet Higgs have no direct interactions. Employing the Feynman diagrammatic approach, we calculate all those additional contributions from the entangled effects of $N_{\mathrm{R}}^{}$ and $\Phi$, and finally achieve the complete one-loop structure of the type-(I+II) SEFT. In the type-(I+II) SEFT, the number and content of dim-6 operators are exactly the same as those in the type-II SEFT, but the Wilson coefficients of the unique dim-5 and nine dim-6 operators as well as the quartic coupling constant of the SM Higgs gain some additional contributions, which are absent in the type-I and type-II SEFTs.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2023)·10 citations
15. 15*

    Lepto-axiogenesis and the scale of supersymmetry

    Patrick Barnes🇺🇸 · Raymond T. Co🇺🇸 · Keisuke Harigaya🇨🇭 · Aaron Pierce🇺🇸

    If the Peccei-Quinn field containing the QCD axion undergoes rotations in the early universe, the dimension-five operator responsible for neutrino masses can generate a lepton asymmetry that ultimately gives rise to the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe. This lepto-axiogenesis scenario requires a flat potential for the radial direction of the Peccei-Quinn field, naturally realized in supersymmetric models. We carefully compute the efficiency of this mechanism for the Dine-Fischler-Srednicki-Zhitnitsky (DFSZ) and Kim-Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov (KSVZ) axion models and place lower bounds on the masses of scalar superpartners required to reproduce the observed baryon asymmetry. For the KSVZ model, we find an efficiency for generation of the asymmetry six times larger than the previously extant computation after including scattering channels involving superpartners. In this case, the superpartner scale should be above $\sim$ 30 TeV for a domain wall number of one; the lower bound weakens for larger domain wall numbers. We find that the superpartner mass scale may also be as low as 30 TeV for the DFSZ model. In all cases, the lower bound on the superpartner masses is inversely proportional to the sum of the squares of the neutrino masses and so can strengthen as the upper bound on the neutrino mass improves. We identify the parameter space where the axion rotation can simultaneously produce axion dark matter via kinetic misalignment; in this case it is possible to put an upper bound of order PeV on the masses of scalar superpartners.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2023)·23 citations
16. 16*

    Super-Resonant Dark Matter

    Csaba Csáki🇺🇸 · Andrew Gomes🇺🇸 · Yonit Hochberg🇮🇱 · Eric Kuflik🇮🇱 · Kevin Langhoff🇺🇸 · Hitoshi Murayama🇺🇸

    We introduce Super-Resonant Dark Matter, a model of self-interacting dark matter based on the low energy effective theory of supersymmetric QCD. The structure of the theory ensures a resonant enhancement of the self-interactions of the low energy mesons, since their mass ratio is set by the number of colors and flavors. The velocity dependence of the resonantly enhanced self-interactions allows such theories to accommodate puzzles in small scale structure that arise from dark matter halos of different sizes. The dark matter mass is then predicted to be around 3-4 MeV, with its abundance set by freeze-in via a kinetically mixed dark photon.

    hep-phJHEP(2022)·10 citations
17. 17*

    A note on the (non-)conservation of curvature perturbation

    Chia-Min Lin🇹🇼

    In this note, we compare two different definitions for the cosmological perturbation $\zeta$ which is conserved on large scales, and study their non-conservation on small scales. We derive an equation for the time evolution of the curvature perturbation on a uniform density slice through a calculation solely in longitudinal (conformal-Newtonian) gauge. The result is concise and compatible with that obtained via local conservation of energy-momentum tensor.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phhep-thChin.J.Phys.(2023)·0 citations
18. 18*

    Possible counterpart signal of the Fermi bubbles at the cosmic-ray positrons

    Ilias Cholis🇺🇸 · Iason Krommydas🇬🇷

    The inner galaxy has hosted cosmic-ray burst events including those responsible for the gamma-ray Fermi bubbles and the eROSITA bubbles in X-rays. In this work, we study the AMS-02 positron fraction and find three features around 12, 21 and 48 GeV of which the lowest energy has a 1.4 to 4.9-$\sigma$ significance, depending on astrophysical background assumptions. Using background simulations that explain the cosmic-ray positron fraction, positron flux and electron plus positron flux, by primary, secondary cosmic rays and cosmic rays from local pulsars, we test these spectral features as originating from electron/positron burst events from the inner galaxy. We find the 12 GeV feature, to be explained by an event of age $\tau \simeq 3-10$ Myr; in agreement with the proposed age of the Fermi bubbles. Furthermore, the energy in cosmic-ray electrons and positrons propagating along the galactic disk and not within the Fermi bubbles volume, is estimated to be $10^{51.5}-10^{57.5}$ ergs, or $O(10^{-4})-O(1)$ the cosmic-ray energy causing the Fermi bubbles. We advocate that these positron fraction features, are the counterpart signals of the Fermi bubbles, or of substructures in them, or of the eROSITA bubbles.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.GAhep-phApJ(2023)·3 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.