Thu·Aug 11, 2022Thursday·August 11, 2022

1. 01*

   W-mass Anomaly in the Simplest Linear Seesaw Mechanism

   Aditya Batra🇮🇳 · Praveen Bharadwaj🇮🇳 · Sanjoy Mandal🇰🇷 · Rahul Srivastava🇮🇳 · José W. F. Valle🇪🇸

   The simplest linear seesaw mechanism can accommodate the new CDF-II $W$ mass measurement. In addition to Standard Model particles, the model includes quasi-Dirac leptons, and a second, leptophilic, scalar doublet seeding small neutrino masses. Our proposal is consistent with electroweak precision tests, neutrino physics, rare decays and collider restrictions, requiring a new charged scalar below a few TeV, split in mass from the new degenerate scalar and pseudoscalar neutral Higgs bosons.

   hep-phhep-exPLB(2022)·16 citations
2. 02*

   CGC for Ultra-Peripheral Pb+Pb Collisions at the Large Hadron Collider: a more realistic calculation

   Haowu Duan🇺🇸 · Alexander Kovner🇺🇸 · Vladimir V. Skokov🇺🇸

   We provide the first calculation of two-gluon production at mid-rapidity in ultra-peripheral collisions in the Color Glass Condensate framework. To estimate systematic uncertainty associated with poor understanding of the wave function of the nearly real photon, we consider two diametrically different models: the dilute quark-antiquark dipole approximation and a vector meson, in which color charge density is approximated by McLerran-Venugopalan model. In the experimentally relevant range, the target nucleus can be faithfully approximated by a highly saturated state. This simplification enables us to perform efficient numerical simulations and extract the two-gluon correlation functions and the associated azimuthal harmonics.

   hep-phnucl-thJHEP(2022)·5 citations
3. 03*

   Gravitational Tensor-Monopole Moment of Hydrogen Atom To Order $\mathcal{O}(\alpha )$

   Xiangdong Ji · Yizhuang Liu

   We calculate the gravitational tensor-monopole moment of the momentum-current density $T^{ij}$ in the ground state of the hydrogen atom to order $\mathcal{O}(\alpha )$ in quantum electrodynamics (QED). The result is \begin{align} \tau_H/\tau_0 - 1 = \frac{4\alpha}{3\pi}\left(\ln\alpha^2-0.028\right) \nonumber \end{align} where ${\tau }_0={\hslash }^2/4m_e$ is the leading-order moment. The physics of the next-to-leading-order correction is similar to that of the famous Lamb shift for energy levels.

   hep-phnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2024)·23 citations
4. 04*

   Relativistic elastic scattering of a muon neutrino by an electron in an elliptically polarized laser field

   R. Chahri🇲🇦 · S. El Asri🇲🇦 · S. Mouslih🇲🇦 · M. Jakha🇲🇦 · B. Manaut🇲🇦 · S. Taj🇲🇦

   Within the framework of electroweak theory, we investigate the elastic scattering process $e^{-}+{\nu }_{\mu }\to e^{-}+{\nu }_{\mu }$ in the presence of an intense elliptically polarized laser field. We derive an analytical expression for the spin-unpolarized differential cross section using the first Born approximation and the Dirac-Volkov states to describe the incident and scattered electrons. Our results generalize those found for the linearly polarized field by Bai \textit{et al.} [Phys. Rev. A \textbf{85}, 013402 (2012)] and for the circularly polarized field by El Asri \textit{et al.} [Phys. Rev. D \textbf{104}, 113001 (2021)]. We find that the differential cross section is significantly enhanced for linear polarization and reduced for circular and elliptical polarizations.

   hep-phPLB(2023)·4 citations
5. 05*

   Rare decay $t\to c\gamma \gamma$ via scalar leptoquark doublets

   A. Bolaños-Carrera🇲🇽 · R. Sánchez-Vélez🇲🇽 · G. Tavares-Velasco🇲🇽

   A calculation of the one-loop contribution to the rare three-body flavor changing neutral current top quark decay $t\to c\gamma \gamma$ is presented in the framework of models with one or more scalar leptoquark $SU(2)$ doublets with hypercharge $7/6$. Analytical expressions for the invariant amplitude of the generic decay $f_i\to f_j\gamma \gamma$, with $f_{i,j}$ a lepton or quark, are presented in terms of Passarino-Veltman integral coefficients, from which the amplitudes for the processes $t\to c\gamma \gamma$ and ${\ell }_i\to {\ell }_j\gamma \gamma$ follow easily. An analysis of the current constraints on the parameter space is presented in the scenario with only one scalar LQ doublet and bounds on the LQ couplings are obtained from the muon $g-2$ anomaly, the lepton flavor violating (LFV) decay $\tau \to \mu \gamma$ and extra constraints meant to avoid tension between theory predictions and experimental data. For a LQ with a mass in the range of $1$--$1.5$ TeVs, the estimate $\mathrm{Br}(t\to c\gamma \gamma )\sim 10^{-11}$--$10^{-12}$ is obtained for the largest allowed values of the LQ coupling constants, which means that this decay would be below the reach of future experimental measurements. We also consider an scenario with three scalar doublets, which was recently proposed to explain the lepton flavor universality violation anomalies in $B$ decays as well as the muon $g-2$ anomaly. Although this scenario allows large LQ couplings to the tau lepton and the $c$ and $t$ quarks, the branching ratio of the $t\to c\gamma \gamma$ decay is also of the order of $10^{-11}$--$10^{-12}$ for LQ masses of 1.7 TeV.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·3 citations
6. 06*

   The LHCb state $P_{\psi s}^{\Lambda }(4338)$ as a triangle singularity

   T.J.Burns🇬🇧 · E.S.Swanson🇺🇸

   We present a model for the $J/\psi \Lambda$ spectrum in $B^{-}\to J/\psi \Lambda \bar{p}$ decays, including the $P_{\psi s}^{\Lambda }(4338)$ baryon recently observed by the LHCb collaboration. We assume production via triangle diagrams which couple to the final state via non-perturbative interactions which are constrained by heavy-quark and $S{U}_3$-flavor symmetry. The bulk of the distribution is described by a triangle diagram with a color-favored electroweak vertex, while the sharp $P_{\psi s}^{\Lambda }(4338)$ enhancement is due to the triangle singularity in another diagram featuring a $1/2^{-}$ baryon consistent with ${\Sigma }_c(2800)$. We predict a comparable $P_{\psi s}^{\Lambda }(4338)$ signal in ${\eta }_c\Lambda$, and anticipate possible large isospin mixing effects through decays to $J/\psi {\Sigma }^0$ and ${\eta }_c{\Sigma }^0$

   hep-phPLB(2023)·39 citations
7. 07*

   Atmospheric axion-like particles at Super-Kamiokande

   Kingman Cheung🇹🇼 · Jui-Lin Kuo🇺🇸 · Po-Yan Tseng🇹🇼 · Zeren Simon Wang🇹🇼

   We consider a muonphilic axion-like-particle (ALP), denoted as $a$, lighter than twice the muon mass. ALPs of this mass range dominantly decay into a pair of photons, induced by a triangular muon loop. Such light muonphilic ALPs are naturally long-lived. At the atmosphere, the ALPs are copiously produced from charged-meson decays in air showers, such as ${\pi }^{\pm }\to {\mu }^{\pm }\nu a$, via the ALP-muon coupling $g_{a\mu \mu }$. After propagating tens of kilometers, the ALPs decay with $a\to \gamma \gamma$ inside large-volume Cherenkov detectors near the Earth's surface, such as Super-Kamiokande (SK). We find the present SK observation constrains on muonphilic ALPs of mass range [1 MeV, 30 MeV] and ALP-muon coupling $[10^{-3}$, $10^2]$, assuming the proper decay length $c{\tau }_a$ in [$10^{-3}$ km, $10^6$ km] either dependent on or independent of $g_{a\mu \mu }$. We conclude that atmospheric searches of such exotic states can be complementary to collider and beam-dump experiments as well as astrophysical probes.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·18 citations
8. 08*

   Probing the $H\gamma \gamma$ coupling via Higgs exclusive decay into quarkonia plus a photon at the HL-LHC

   Hongxin Dong🇨🇳 · Peng Sun🇨🇳 · Bin Yan🇨🇳

   It is well know that the precise measurement of $H\to \gamma \gamma$ can generate two degenerate parameter spaces of $H\gamma \gamma$ anomalous coupling. We propose to utilize the exclusive Higgs rare decays $H\to {\rm Y}(ns)+\gamma$ to break above mentioned degeneracy and further to constrain the $H\gamma \gamma$ anomalous coupling at the HL-LHC. We demonstrate that the branching ratios of $H\to {\rm Y}(ns)+\gamma$ can be significantly enhanced in the non-SM-like parameter space from $H\to \gamma \gamma$ measurement, due to the destructive interference between the direct and indirect production of ${\rm Y}(ns)$ in the SM. By applying the NRQCD factorization formalism, we calculate the partial decay widths of $H\to {\rm Y}(ns)+\gamma$ at the NLO accuracy of ${\alpha }_s$. We show that it is hopeful to break such degenerate parameter space at the HL-LHC if we can further highly suppress the background and enhance the signal efficiency compared to the ATLAS preliminary simulation.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·8 citations
9. 09*

   A Possibility of Determining the WIMP Mass by Using the Angular Recoil-Energy Spectra from Directional Direct Dark Matter Detection Experiments

   Chung-Lin Shan🇹🇼

   In this article, as an extension of our study on the angular distribution of the recoil flux of WIMP-scattered target nuclei, we demonstrate a possibility of determining the mass of incident halo WIMPs by using or combining "ridge-crater" structures of the angular recoil-energy spectra with different target nuclei observed in directional direct Dark Matter detection experiments. Our simulation results show that, for a WIMP mass of only a few tens GeV, the stereoscopic angular recoil-flux distributions of both of light and heavy target nuclei would have a (longitudinally) "ridge-like" structure. However, once the WIMP mass is as heavy as a few hundreds GeV, the angular recoil-flux distributions of heavy target nuclei would in contrast show a (latitudinally) "crater-like" structure.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEhep-ex0 citations
10. 10*

    Centrality and Transverse Spherocity dependent study of charged-particle production in Xe-Xe collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.44 TeV using PYTHIA8 Angantyr and AMPT models

    Randhir Singh

    Transverse Spherocity is an event structure variable which provide an effective way to disentangle the data into hard and soft components of the processes corresponding to events with small and large numbers of multi-parton interactions (MPI), respectively. Recent experimental results in small systems from the LHC suggest the importacnce of transverse spherocity variable in the classification of the events. In this contribution, we have studied the dynamics of identified particle production in Xe-Xe collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.44 TeV using A Multi-Phase Transport Model (AMPT) and the recently developed Angantyr model, which is incorporated within PYTHIA8. A study of the transverse momentum spectra of the dentified particles are presented for soft (isotropic) and hard (jetty-like) events in different centrality intervals.

    hep-phnucl-thUkr.J.Phys.(2022)·2 citations
11. 11*

    Probing the Supersymmetric Grand Unified Theories with Gravity Mediation at the Future Proton-Proton Colliders and Hyper-Kamiokande Experiment

    Waqas Ahmed🇨🇳 · Tianjun Li🇨🇳 · Shabbar Raza🇵🇰

    With the grand desert hypothesis, we have proposed to probe the supersymmetric Grand Unified Theories (GUTs) at the future proton-proton (pp) colliders and Hyper-Kamiokande experiment previously. In this paper, we study the supersymmetric GUTs with gravity mediated supersymmetry breaking in details. First, considering the dimension-six proton decay via heavy gauge boson exchange, we point out that we can probe the supersymmetric GUTs with GUT scale $M_{GUT}$ up to $1.778\times 10^{16}$ GeV at the Hyper-Kamiokande experiment. Second, for the supersymmetric GUTs with $M_{GUT}\ge 1.0\times 10^{16}$ GeV and $M_{GUT}\ge 1.2\times 10^{16}$ GeV, we show that the upper bounds on the universal gaugino mass are $7.2$ TeV and 3.5 TeV, respectively, and thus the corresponding upper bounds on gluino mass are 15 TeV and 8 TeV, respectively. Also, we shall study the masses for charginos, neutralinos, squarks, sleptons, and Higgs particles in details. In particular, the supersymmetric GUTs with $M_{GUT}\le 1.2\times 10^{16}$ GeV can be probed at the Hyper-Kamiokande experiment, and the supersymmetric GUTs with $M_{GUT}\ge 1.2\times 10^{16}$ GeV can be probed at the future 100 TeV pp collider experiments such as the ${\mathrm{FCC}}_{\mathrm{hh}}$ and SppC via gluino searches. Thus, the supersymmetric GUTs with gravity mediation can be probed by the ${\mathrm{FCC}}_{\mathrm{hh}}$, SppC, and Hyper-Kamiokande experiments. In our previous study, we have shown that the supersymmetric GUTs with anomaly and gauge mediated supersymmetry breakings are well within the reaches of these experiments. Therefore, our proposal provides the concrete scientific goal for the ${\mathrm{FCC}}_{\mathrm{hh}}$, SppC, and Hyper-Kamiokande experiments: probing the supersymmetric GUTs.

    hep-phhep-exEPJC(2023)·0 citations
12. 12*

    Soft QCD theory

    Torbjörn Sjöstrand🇸🇪

    Soft QCD is beyond perturbative control, and therefore phenomenological models have to be developed. These are implemented and combined within event generators. Typical aspects considered are multiparton interactions, colour reconnection, and hadronization. Of special interest are non-universal features of hadronization at the LHC, such as the recently observed enhancement of charm and bottom baryons, and the bottom baryon asymmetry, as well as the some years earlier observed strangeness enhancement. Several new production mechanisms, such as junction reconnection, ropes and shove, have been proposed to address some of these issues. Alternatively, an admixture of a quark--gluon plasma component also in pp collisions is introduced in the core--corona approach.

    hep-phPoS(2023)·1 citation
13. 13*

    Production double heavy quarkonium via $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\gamma }^{\ast }/Z^0\to |(Q\overline{Q^{\prime }})[n]⟩+|(Q^{\prime }\bar{Q})[n^{\prime }]⟩$ at Z mass pole

    Qi-Li Liao🇨🇳

    The exclusive production of double excited quarkonium is comprehensive studied, i.e., the production of double excitedcharmonium, double excited bottomonium, and double excited $Bc$-mesons via $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\gamma }^{\ast }/Z^0\to |(Q\overline{Q^{\prime }})[n]⟩+|(Q^{\prime }\bar{Q})[n^{\prime }]⟩$ ($Q/Q^{\prime }=c$- or $b$-quarks) at a future $Z$ factory under the nonrelativistic quantum chromodynamics framework, where the $[n]$~/$[n^{\prime }]$ represents the color-singlet heavy quarkonium states ${[}^1{S}_0]⟩,{[}^3{S}_1]⟩,{[}^1{P}_1]⟩$, and ${[}^3{P}_J]⟩$ ($J=0,1,2$). The "improved trace technology" is adopted for calculating the complicated $P$-wave channels for derive the analytic expressions at the amplitude level. According to our study, the production rates of double heavy quarkonium are considerable at the future $Z$ factory. We obtain the cross sections for the production of double excited charmonium for $\sigma (|(c\bar{c})[n]⟩+|(c\bar{c})[n^{\prime }]⟩{)}_{total}=1.167_{-0.164}^{+0.113}\times 10^{-2}fb$, the cross sections of double excited bottomonium for $\sigma (|(b\bar{b})[n]⟩+|(b\bar{b})[n^{\prime }]⟩{)}_{total}=0.1132_{-0.0130}^{+0.0139}fb$, and the cross sections of double excited $Bc$-mesons for $\sigma (|(c\bar{b})[n]⟩+|(b\bar{c})[n^{\prime }]⟩{)}_{total}=3.692_{-0.097}^{+0.124}fb$. The main uncertainties come from the mass of the heavy quarkonium and the radial wave functions at the origin and their derivatives at the origin under different potential models. The numerical results show that such the super $Z$ factory should be a good platform to study the properties of the double excited charmonium, the double excited bottomonium , especially the double excited $Bc$-mesons.

    hep-ph0 citations
14. 14*

    Light-front approach to axial-vector quarkonium ${\gamma }^{\ast }{\gamma }^{\ast }$ form factors

    Izabela Babiarz🇵🇱 · Roman Pasechnik🇸🇪 · Wolfgang Schäfer🇵🇱 · Antoni Szczurek🇵🇱

    In this work, we perform a detailed study of transition form factors for axial-vector meson production via the two-photon fusion process ${\gamma }^{\ast }{\gamma }^{\ast }\to 1^{++}$, with space-like virtual photons in the initial state and a $P$-wave axial-vector quarkonium in the final state. In this analysis, we employ the formalism of light-front quarkonium wave functions obtained from a solution of the Schrödinger equation for a selection of interquark potentials for $Q\bar{Q}$ interaction. We found the helicity structure and covariant decomposition of the matrix elements that can be generically applied for any $q\bar{q}$ axial-vector meson ${\gamma }^{\ast }{\gamma }^{\ast }\to 1^{++}$ transition, while our numerical results are given for the phenomenologically relevant charmonium ${\chi }_{c1}$ state. We present the helicity form factors as functions of both photon virtualities. We also obtain, that $Q{F}_{\mathrm{LT}}(Q^2,0)/F_{\mathrm{TT}}(Q^2,0)=const.$

    hep-phJHEP(2022)·8 citations
15. 15*

    Hadronic molecules composed of a doubly charmed tetraquark state and a charmed meson

    Ya-Wen Pan🇨🇳 · Tian-Wei Wu🇨🇳 · Ming-Zhu Liu🇨🇳 · Li-Sheng Geng🇨🇳

    The three pentaquark states, $P_c(4312)$, $P_c(4440)$ and $P_c(4457)$, discovered by the LHCb Collaboration in 2019, can be arranged into a complete heavy quark spin symmetry multiplet of hadronic molecules of ${\bar{D}}^{(\ast )}{\Sigma }_c^{(\ast )}$. In the heavy quark mass limit, the ${\Sigma }_c^{(\ast )}$ baryons can be related to the doubly charmed tetraquark states of isospin 1, i.e., $T_{\bar{c}\bar{c}}^{(\ast )}$( $T_{\bar{c}\bar{c}}^0$, $T_{\bar{c}\bar{c}}^1$, $T_{\bar{c}\bar{c}}^2$), via heavy antiquark diquark symmetry, which dictates that the ${\bar{D}}^{(\ast )}{\Sigma }_c^{(\ast )}$ interactions are the same as the ${\bar{D}}^{(\ast )}{T}_{\bar{c}\bar{c}}^{(\ast )}$ interactions up to { heavy antiquark diquark symmetry} breakings. In this work, we employ the contact-range effective field theory to systematically study the ${\bar{D}}^{(\ast )}{T}_{\bar{c}\bar{c}}^{(\ast )}$ systems, and we show the existence of a complete heavy quark spin symmetry multiplet of hadronic molecules composed of a doubly charmed tetraquark state and a charmed meson. These are a new kind of hadronic molecules and, if discovered, can lead to a better understanding of the many exotic hadrons discovered so far. In addition, we summarise the triply charmed hexaquark states formed by different combinations of hadrons. In particular, we show that ${\bar{\Omega }}_{ccc}p$ system can bind by the Coulomb force, which is analogous to a hydrogenlike atom.

    hep-phEPJC(2022)·10 citations
16. 16*

    Physical Tuning and Naturalness

    C. Branchina🇫🇷 · V. Branchina🇮🇹 · F. Contino🇮🇹

    We present a radically new proposal for the solution of the naturalness/hierarchy problem, where the fine-tuning of the Higgs mass finds its physical explanation and the well-known multiplicative renormalization of the usual perturbative approach emerges as an IR property of the non-perturbative running of the mass.

    hep-phcond-mat.stat-mechhep-thPRD(2023)·19 citations
17. 17*

    Investigating ${\eta }_1^{\prime }(1855)$ exotic states in $J/\psi \to {\eta }_1^{\prime }(1855){\eta }^{(\prime )}$ decays

    Yao Yu · Xiong Zhuang · Han Zhang · Bai-Cian Ke · Yi Teng · Qing-Shan Liu

    An analysis of the $J/\psi \to \eta {\eta }^{\prime }\gamma$ decay by the BESIII collaboration claims the observation of an exotic state ${\eta }_1(1855)$ with $I^G{J}^{PC}=0^{+}{1}^{-+}$. To establish its C-parity partner ${\eta }_1^{\prime }(1855)$ in the picture of the $K{\bar{K}}_1(1400)$ molecular state, we propose that $J/\psi \to {\eta }_1^{\prime }(1855){\eta }^{(\prime )}$ receives the main contributions from the final state interaction of $K{K}^{\ast }$($K^{+}{K}^{\ast -}$, $K^{-}{K}^{\ast +}$, $K^0{\bar{K}}^{\ast 0}$, and ${\bar{K}}^0{K}^{\ast 0}$). Specifically, $K$ and $K^{\ast }$ in $J/\psi \to K{K}^{\ast }$ decays transform as ${\eta }_1^{\prime }(1855){\eta }^{(\prime )}$, by exchanging a $K_1(1400)$. We predict $\mathcal{B}(J/\psi \to {\eta }_1^{\prime }(1855)\eta )=(6.3_{-3.5}^{+12.6})\times 10^{-6}$, and $\mathcal{B}(J/\psi \to {\eta }_1^{\prime }(1855){\eta }^{\prime })=(6.5_{-4.6}^{+6.6})\times 10^{-6}$, which can be studied in the $J/\psi \to K^{\ast }{\bar{K}}^{\ast }{\eta }^{(\prime )}$ decays.

    hep-phhep-exPLB(2023)·9 citations
18. 18*

    Double Higgs production at TeV $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders with Effective Field Theories: sensitivity to BSM Higgs couplings

    D. Domenech🇪🇸 · M. J. Herrero🇪🇸 · R. A. Morales🇦🇷 · M. Ramos🇪🇸

    In this work we study the production of two Higgs bosons at the two planned electron positron colliders with energies at the TeV domain, CLIC and ILC, within the context of Effective Field Theories (EFTs) to describe beyond the Standard Model Higgs Physics. We focus first on the case of the Higgs Effective Field Theory (HEFT) and next we compare with the case of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). The predictions for double Higgs production in both EFTs are first presented for the most relevant subprocess participating in the total process of our interest, $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to HH\nu \bar{\nu }$, which is the scattering of two gauge bosons, $WW\to HH$, also called $WW$ fusion. The predictions for the cross section $\sigma (W_X{W}_Y\to HH)$ as a function of the subprocess energy are analyzed in full detail for the two EFTs, for all the polarization channels with longitudinal and transverse modes $XY=LL,TT,LT,TL$, and for the most relevant effective operators in both cases. We will demonstrate that in the HEFT case, the total cross section can be fully understood in terms of the $LL$ contribution and this in turn is dominated at these TeV energies mainly by two HEFT coefficients. By doing the matching between the two EFTs at the level of the scattering amplitude for the subprocess, we will be able to find the correspondence of the leading coefficients in the HEFT and the SMEFT. In the final part of this work we will then explore the sensitivity to these two most relevant HEFT coefficients, at CLIC (3 TeV, 5 ab${}^{-1}$) and ILC (1 TeV, 8 ab${}^{-1}$). We will then conclude on the accessible region of these two parameters by studying the predicted rates at these two $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders for the final state $b\bar{b}b\bar{b}\nu \bar{\nu }$ leading to characteristic signals with 4 bottom jets and missing energy.

    hep-phPRD(2022)·22 citations
19. 19*

    Neural Embedding: Learning the Embedding of the Manifold of Physics Data

    Sang Eon Park🇺🇸 · Philip Harris🇺🇸 · Bryan Ostdiek🇺🇸

    In this paper, we present a method of embedding physics data manifolds with metric structure into lower dimensional spaces with simpler metrics, such as Euclidean and Hyperbolic spaces. We then demonstrate that it can be a powerful step in the data analysis pipeline for many applications. Using progressively more realistic simulated collisions at the Large Hadron Collider, we show that this embedding approach learns the underlying latent structure. With the notion of volume in Euclidean spaces, we provide for the first time a viable solution to quantifying the true search capability of model agnostic search algorithms in collider physics (i.e. anomaly detection). Finally, we discuss how the ideas presented in this paper can be employed to solve many practical challenges that require the extraction of physically meaningful representations from information in complex high dimensional datasets.

    hep-phcs.LGhep-exJHEP(2023)·24 citations
20. 20*

    Calorimetric Detection of Dark Matter

    Julien Billard🇫🇷 · Matt Pyle🇺🇸 · Surjeet Rajendran🇺🇸 · Harikrishnan Ramani🇺🇸

    Dark matter direct detection experiments are designed to look for the scattering of dark matter particles that are assumed to move with virial velocities $\sim 10^{-3}$. At these velocities, the energy deposition in the detector is large enough to cause ionization/scintillation, forming the primary class of signatures looked for in such experiments. These experiments are blind to a large class of dark matter models where the dark matter has relatively large scattering cross-sections with the standard model, resulting in the dark matter undergoing multiple scattering with the atmosphere and the rock overburden, and thus slowing down considerably before arriving at underground detectors. We propose to search for these kinds of dark matter by looking for the anomalous heating of a well shielded and sensitive calorimeter. In this detector concept, the dark matter is thermalized with the rock overburden but is able to pierce through the thermal shields of the detector causing anomalous heating. Using the technologies under development for EDELWEISS and SuperCDMS, we estimate the sensitivity of such a calorimetric detector. In addition to models with large dark matter - standard model interactions, these detectors also have the ability to probe dark photon dark matter.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-ex17 citations
21. 21*

    Light lepton portal dark matter meets the LHC

    Syuhei Iguro🇩🇪 · Shohei Okawa🇪🇸 · Yuji Omura🇯🇵

    We examine the sensitivity of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) to light lepton portal dark matter with its mass below 10GeV. The model features an extra doublet scalar field and singlet Dirac dark matter, which have Yukawa interactions with left-handed leptons. To correctly produce the dark matter abundance via the thermal freeze-out, a large mass splitting among the extra scalars is required, thus providing a light neutral scalar below $\mathcal{O}(10)$GeV and heavy neutral and charged scalars at the electroweak scale. In this paper, we focus on the electroweak pair-production of the extra scalars with subsequent model-specific scalar decays and evaluate the current constraints with the LHC Run2 data and the discovery potential at the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). It turns out that a large part of the theoretically allowed parameter space can be tested at the HL-LHC by taking into account complementarity between slepton searches and mono-$Z$ plus missing transverse energy search. We also discuss same-sign charged scalar production as a unique prediction of the model, and the implication of the collider searches in the thermal dark matter scenario.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEhep-exJHEP(2023)·19 citations
22. 22*

    Nonperturbative structure in coupled axion sectors and implications for direct detection

    David Cyncynates🇺🇸 · Olivier Simon🇺🇸 · Jedidiah O. Thompson🇺🇸 · Zachary J. Weiner🇺🇸

    Pairs of misalignment-produced axions with nearby masses can experience a nonlinear resonance that leads to enhanced direct and astrophysical signatures of axion dark matter. In much of the relevant parameter space, self-interactions cause axion fluctuations to become nonperturbative and to collapse in the early Universe. We investigate the observational consequences of such nonperturbative structure in this "friendly axion" scenario with $3+1$ dimensional simulations. Critically, in a substantial fraction of parameter space we find that nonlinear dynamics work to equilibrate the abundance of the two axions, making it easier than previously expected to experimentally confirm the existence of a resonant pair. We also compute the gravitational wave emission from friendly axion dark matter; while the resulting stochastic background is likely undetectable for axion masses above $10^{-22}\text{eV}$, the polarization of the cosmic microwave background does constrain possible hyperlight, friendly subcomponents. Finally, we demonstrate that dense, self-interaction--bound oscillons formed during the period of strong nonlinearity are driven by the homogeneous axion background, enhancing their lifetime beyond the in-vacuum expectation.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thnlin.PSPRD(2022)·29 citations
23. 23*

    Higgs-boson visible and invisible constraints on hidden sectors

    Thomas Biekötter🇩🇪 · Mathias Pierre🇩🇪

    We investigate the impact of interactions between hidden sectors and the discovered Higgs boson $h_{125}$, allowing for additional invisible decay channels of $h_{125}$. We perform ${\chi }^2$-fits to the measurements of the Higgs-boson cross sections as a function of the invisible branching ratio and different combinations of coupling modifiers, where the latter quantify modifications of the couplings of $h_{125}$ compared to the predictions of the Standard Model. We present generic results in terms of exclusion limits on the coupling modifiers and the invisible branching ratio of $h_{125}$. Additionally, we apply our results to a variety of concrete model realizations containing a hidden sector: dark matter within Higgs- and singlet-portal scenarios, models featuring (pseudo) Nambu-Goldstone bosons and two Higgs doublet extensions. One of the main conclusions of our work is that in a wide class of models the indirect constraints resulting from the measurements of the cross sections of $h_{125}$ provide substantially stronger constraints on the invisible Higgs-boson branching ratio compared to the direct limits obtained from searches for the invisible decay of $h_{125}$. However, we demonstrate that the presence of an invisible decay mode of $h_{125}$ can also open up parameter space regions which otherwise would be excluded as a result of the indirect constraints. As a byproduct of our analysis, we show that in light of the new results from the LZ collaboration a fermionic DM candidate within the simplest Higgs-portal scenario is ruled out under standard assumptions.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thEPJC(2022)·37 citations
24. 24*

    Dark Matter Direct Detection with Quantum Dots

    Carlos Blanco🇺🇸 · Rouven Essig🇺🇸 · Marivi Fernandez-Serra🇺🇸 · Harikrishnan Ramani🇺🇸 · Oren Slone🇺🇸

    We propose using Quantum Dots as novel targets to probe sub-GeV dark matter-electron interactions. Quantum dots are nanocrystals of semiconducting material, which are commercially available, with gram-scale quantities suspended in liter-scale volumes of solvent. Quantum dots can be efficient scintillators, with near unity single-photon quantum yields, and their band-edge electronic properties are determined by their characteristic size, which can be precisely tuned. Examples include lead sulfide (PbS) and lead selenide (PbSe) quantum dots, which can be tuned to have sub-eV optical gaps. A dark-matter interaction can generate one or more electron-hole pairs (excitons), with the multi-exciton state decaying via the emission of two photons with an efficiency of about 10% of the single-photon quantum yield. An experimental setup using commercially available quantum dots and two photo-multiplier-tubes (PMTs) for detecting the coincident two-photon signal can already improve on existing dark-matter bounds, while using photodetectors with lower dark-count rates can improve on current constraints by orders of magnitude.

    hep-phastro-ph.COcond-mat.mes-hallhep-ex+1PRD(2023)·23 citations
25. 25*

    Soft Scalars don't decouple

    Shovon Biswas🇨🇦 · Gordon W. Semenoff🇨🇦

    It is demonstrated that it is possible to find a field theory containing massless scalar particles which has infrared structure closely resembling that of quantum electrodynamics and perturbative quantum gravity but exhibiting no gauge invariance or internal symmetries at all, and in particular, no apparent asymptotic symmetry. It is shown that, unlike soft photons and gravitons, the soft scalars do not decouple from dressed states and they are generically produced when hard dressed particles interact. However, the entanglement of the hard and resulting soft particles is vanishingly small.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phPRD(2022)·8 citations
26. 26*

    Massive fermion between two parallel chiral plates

    Ar Rohim🇯🇵 · Apriadi Salim Adam🇮🇩 · Kazuhiro Yamamoto🇯🇵

    We study the system of a massive fermion field confined between two parallel plates, where the properties of both plates are discussed under chiral MIT boundary conditions. We investigate the effects of the chiral angle on the Casimir energy for a massive fermion field with the general momentum. We find that the Casimir energy as a function of the chiral angle is generally symmetric, and the attractive Casimir force in the chiral case is stronger than that in the nonchiral case. In addition, we investigate the approximate Casimir energy for light and heavy mass cases. The behavior of the discrete momentum and changes of spin orientation are also discussed.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phquant-phPTEP·2 citations
27. 27*

    An improved method to access initial states in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

    Somadutta Bhatta🇺🇸 · Vipul Bairathi🇨🇱

    Observables in heavy-ion collisions are generally categorized into centralities, which reflect an average over events within a range of impact parameter including a wide variety of initial state configurations. A multiple binning method using spectator neutrons within each centrality has been previously shown to provide access to events with rare initial state conditions. This work suggests an improvement in quantifying the difference between standard centrality and spectator neutron binning towards accessing the initial state properties. A selection of events with higher initial state density at fixed participating nucleon number was observed to result in larger final state particle production and smaller elliptic flow. The relative difference between observables in centrality and spectator binning shows reduced sensitivity for the observables dominated by impact parameter fluctuations in initial state such as triangular flow. This property makes the spectator binning method a good candidate to separate geometric contributions from random fluctuations in initial state towards final state observables.

    ↳ nucl-exhep-phnucl-thEPJC(2022)·2 citations
28. 28*

    Van der Waals type PV diagrams of PNJL matter

    Manjeet Seth🇮🇳 · Kinkar Saha🇮🇳 · Sudipa Upadhaya🇮🇳 · Soumitra Maity🇮🇳 · Sabyasachi Ghosh🇮🇳

    Keeping in the mind about Van der Walls gas equation, we have explore PV diagram of quark matter by using PNJL model and we find a qualitative similarity.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-ph0 citations
29. 29*

    Equation of state of a hot-and-dense quark gluon plasma: lattice simulations at real ${\mu }_B$ vs. extrapolations

    Szabolcs Borsanyi🇩🇪 · Zoltan Fodor🇩🇪 · Matteo Giordano🇭🇺 · Jana N. Guenther🇩🇪 · Sandor D. Katz🇭🇺 · Attila Pasztor🇭🇺 · Chik Him Wong🇩🇪

    The equation of state of the quark gluon plasma is a key ingredient of heavy ion phenomenology. In addition to the traditional Taylor method, several novel approximation schemes have been proposed with the aim of calculating it at finite baryon density. In order to gain a pragmatic understanding of the limits of these schemes, we compare them to direct results at ${\mu }_B>0$, using reweighting techniques free from an overlap problem. We use 2stout improved staggered fermions with 8 time-slices and cover the entire RHIC BES range in the baryochemical potential, up to ${\mu }_B/T=3$.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phnucl-thPRD(2023)·39 citations
30. 30*

    Weak Decays of $b$ and $c$ Quarks

    Angelo Di Canto🇺🇸 · Stefan Meinel🇺🇸

    Precision measurements in weak decays of heavy flavored hadrons can test in unique ways our understanding of the fundamental interactions and of the observed baryon asymmetry in the Universe. The high sensitivity of such decays to beyond-Standard-Model physics, combined with the lack of major discoveries in direct production of new particles, motivates the continuation of a strong heavy-flavor program in the next decades. The observation of several anomalies by the BaBar, Belle and LHCb experiments in such decays, including evidence for violation of lepton universality, provides particular motivation to vigorously pursue this program. While the mass scales probed by direct searches for non-Standard-Model phenomena at the energy frontier will only marginally increase in the near future, a substantial advancement is expected in the study of weak decays of $b$ and $c$ quarks. The next 10 to 20 years will see the development of a highly synergistic program of experiments at both $pp$ and $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders. This program will be complemented by advancements in theory, including both lattice and continuum calculations. Experimental measurements and theory predictions of several key observables will reach unprecedented precision and will allow to test the Standard Model in ways that have not been possible thus far. With a strong participation in this program, the US high-energy-physics community will remain at the forefront of indirect searches for new physics and retain its leading role in expanding humankind's understanding of fundamental interactions.

    ↳ hep-exhep-lathep-ph18 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.