Mon·Aug 1, 2022Monday·August 1, 2022

1. 01*

   Searching for Scalar Field Dark Matter using Cavity Resonators and Capacitors

   V.V. Flambaum🇦🇺 · B.T. McAllister🇦🇺 · I.B. Samsonov🇦🇺 · M.E. Tobar🇦🇺

   We establish new experiments to search for dark matter based on a model of a light scalar field with a dilaton-like coupling to the electromagnetic field, which is strongly motivated by superstring theory. We estimate the power of the photon signal in the process of a non-resonant scalar-photon transition and in a cavity resonator permeated by electric and magnetic fields. We show that existing cavity resonators employed in the experiments like ADMX have a low but non-vanishing sensitivity to the scalar-photon coupling. As a result, by re-purposing the results of the ADMX experiment, we find new limits on the scalar-photon coupling in the range of the scalar field masses from 2.7 to 4.2 $\mu$eV. We discuss possible modifications of this experiment, which enhance the sensitivity to the scalar field dark matter. We also propose a broadband experiment for scalar field dark matter searches based on a high-voltage capacitor. The estimated sensitivity of this experiment exceeds by nearly two orders in magnitude the sensitivity of the experiment based on molecular spectroscopy.

   hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qcPRD(2022)·28 citations
2. 02*

   Electroweak corrections to Higgs boson production via W W fusion at the future LHeC

   Bowen Wang🇨🇳 · Kai Wang🇨🇳 · Hanying Xiong🇨🇳

   Precision measurement of quark Yukawa couplings is a crucial aspect of Higgs property study. Proposed as a future upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the Large Hadron electron Collider (LHeC) provides opportunities to probe quark Yukawa couplings with a high precision because of relatively low rate from QCD background as compared with that of the Higgs processes at the LHC. For this purpose, it is important to have a precision prediction of the Higgs production rate at the LHeC. The leading production channel of the Higgs boson at the LHeC is via weak boson fusion (WBF) which has the unique kinematic feature of forward tagging jets. Since there is no color exchange between the forward-backward objects in WBF processes, electroweak radiative corrections become particularly important. In this paper, we focus on the electroweak radiative corrections at next-to-leading order for Higgs boson production in the WBF channel at the LHeC. In the two renormalization schemes we use, the loop corrections are respectively at the level of 9% and 18% relative to the leading order result, and the next-to-leading calculation in both schemes agree up to a truncation error expected from the perturbative method. The size of the EW correction exceeds that from QCD radiations and is shown to be important for the study of Higgs phenomenology.

   hep-phPRD(2022)·2 citations
3. 03*

   Dilution of dark matter relic density in singlet extension models

   Yang Xiao🇨🇳 · Jin Min Yang🇨🇳 · Yang Zhang🇨🇳

   We study the dilution of dark matter (DM) relic density caused by the electroweak first-order phase transition (FOPT) in the singlet extension models, including the singlet extension of the standard model (xSM), of the two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM+S) and the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model (NMSSM). We find that in these models the entropy released by the strong electroweak FOPT can dilute the DM density to 1/3 at most. Nevertheless, in the xSM and NMSSM where the singlet field configure is relevant to the phase transition temperature, the strong FOPT always happens before the DM freeze-out, making the dilution effect negligible for the current DM density. On the other hand, in the 2HDM+S where the DM freeze-out temperature is independent of FOPT, the dilution may salvage some parameter space excluded by excessive DM relic density or by DM direct detections.

   hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2023)·15 citations
4. 04*

   Electromagnetic properties of the $D{\bar{D}}^{\ast }K$ molecular hexaquark state

   U. Ozdem🇹🇷

   We systematically study the electromagnetic properties of multiquark states. In this study, inspired by the recent series of studies that showed the likely existence of a $D{\bar{D}}^{\ast }K$ state, we examine the magnetic moment of $D{\bar{D}}^{\ast }K$ hexaquark state in three-meson molecular structure, as well as having isospin and spin-parity quantum numbers $I(J^P)=3/2(1^{-})$ via light-cone sum rules. The magnetic moment obtained for the $D{\bar{D}}^{\ast }K$ molecular hexaquark state is quite large due to the double electric charge, and its magnitude indicates that it is accessible in future experiments. As a byproduct, the quadrupole moment of the $D{\bar{D}}^{\ast }K$ molecular hexaquark state is also extracted. This value indicates a non-spherical charge distribution. The magnetic moments of hadrons contains valuable knowledge on the distributions of charge and magnetization their inside, which can be used to better understand their geometric shape and quark-gluon organizations. The results given in this study constitute an estimate of the magnetic moment of this $D{\bar{D}}^{\ast }K$ state and should serve as an inspiration to conduct experimental examinations of this state.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latEur.Phys.J.Plus(2022)·4 citations
5. 05*

   Summary of Topical Group on Hadron Spectroscopy (RF07) Rare Processes and Precision Frontier of Snowmass 2021

   R. F. Lebed🇺🇸 · T. Skwarnicki🇺🇸 · L. An🇨🇭 · S. Dobbs🇺🇸 · B. Fulsom🇺🇸 · F.-K. Guo🇨🇳 · M. Karliner🇮🇱 · R. E. Mitchell🇺🇸 · A. Pilloni🇮🇹 · A. Pompili🇮🇹 · S. Prelovsek🇸🇮 · E. Santopinto🇮🇹 · J. Stevens🇺🇸 · A. Szczepaniak🇺🇸

   Hadron spectroscopy, the driving force of high-energy physics in its early decades, has experienced a renaissance in interest over the past 20 years due to the discovery of scores of new, potentially "exotic states" (tetraquarks, pentaquarks, hybrid mesons, glueballs), as well as the observation of many new "conventional" hadrons. The new discoveries expose our lack of understanding about hadronic states, beyond just a few low excitations of the simplest quark configurations. Even so, no single theoretical interpretation (such as hadron molecules, threshold effects, diquark compounds, or others) as yet successfully accommodates all of the new multiquark particles, while a great deal of work remains to extract signals of hybrids and glueballs from reaction-amplitude data. This document summarizes the current state of the field from both experimental and theoretical perspectives. On the experimental side, this report summarizes the current, planned, and proposed activities of LHCb and other LHC experiments, Belle II, BESIII, and GlueX, as well as the approved Electron-Ion Collider, the proposed Super Tau-Charm factory, and other future experiments. The theoretical portion provides a brief overview of multiple phenomenological approaches studied to date, progress in rigorous studies of reaction amplitudes, and advances in lattice-QCD simulations.

   hep-phhep-ex9 citations
6. 06*

   Impact of first-order phase transitions on dark matter production in the scotogenic model

   Hiroto Shibuya🇯🇵 · Takashi Toma🇯🇵

   In this work, we investigate the effects of first-order phase transitions on the singlet fermionic dark matter in the scotogenic model. It is known that this dark matter candidate tends to conflict with the relevant constraints such as the neutrino oscillation data and charged lepton flavor violating processes if its thermal production mechanism is assumed. We find that the dark matter production mechanisms are modified by first-order phase transitions at some specific parameter regions, where the phase transitions can be one-step or two-step depending on the parameters. If the phase transition is one-step, a sufficiently low nucleation temperature is required to reproduce the observed relic abundance of dark matter. If the phase transition is two-step, the dark matter should never be thermalized, otherwise the abundance would remain too much and overclose the universe. This is because the nucleation temperature cannot be low as in the one-step case. Therefore we require another way of dark matter production, the freeze-in mechanism for the two-step case. We show that the freeze-in mechanism is modified by the temporary vacuum expectation value of the inert scalar field. In both cases, the first-order phase transitions could produce observable gravitational wave spectra. In particular for the one-step phase transition, the generated gravitational waves with sizable energy density are intrinsically correlated with the dark matter production mechanism, and can be detectable by future space-based interferometers.

   hep-phJHEP(2022)·17 citations
7. 07*

   Bayesian quantification of the Quark-Gluon Plasma: Improved design and closure demonstration

   Matthew Heffernan🇨🇦 · Charles Gale🇨🇦 · Sangyong Jeon🇨🇦 · Jean-Francois Paquet🇺🇸

   We present a demonstration of the design sampling and closure for the first comprehensive Bayesian model-to-data comparison of heavy-ion measurements with IP-Glasma initial conditions, in which we combine with state-of-the-art hydrodynamics (MUSIC), particlization (iS3D), and transport (SMASH). We further introduce a systematically-improvable method of sampling design points with better projection properties to explore the parameter space of the model for the first time in heavy-ion collisions.

   hep-phnucl-thActa Phys.Polon.Supp.(2023)·4 citations
8. 08*

   CDF Measurement of $M_W$: Theory implications

   S. Heinemeyer🇪🇸

   The CDF collaboration recently reported a measurement of the $W$-bosos mass, $M_W$, showing a large positive deviation from the Standard Model (SM) prediction. The question arises whether extensions of the SM exist that can accommodate such large values, and what further phenomenological consequences arise from this. We give a brief review of the implications of the new CDF measurement on the SM, as well as on Higgs-sector extensions. In particular, we review the compatibility of the $M_W$ measurement of CDF with excesses observed in the light Higgs-boson searches at $\sim 95$ GeV, as well as with the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model in conjunction with the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$.

   hep-ph5 citations
9. 09*

   Improved background subtraction and a fresh look at jet sub-structure in JEWEL

   José Guilherme Milhano🇵🇹 · Korinna Zapp🇸🇪

   Interactions of hard partons in the Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP) created with relativistic heavy ion collisions lead to characteristic modifications of the internal structure of reconstructed jets. A large part of the observed jet sub-structure modifications stem from the QGP's response to energy and momentum deposited by hard partons. Good control over medium response in theoretical calculations is thus instrumental to a quantitative understanding of medium modified (quenched) jets in heavy ion collisions. We present an improved way of handling the medium response in the jet quenching model JEWEL and present results for a variety of jet sub-structure observables. The new recoil handling is more versatile and robust than the old scheme, giving a better control over many observables and, in particular, greatly improves the description of the jet mass.

   hep-phnucl-exnucl-thEPJC(2022)·33 citations
10. 10*

    On Baryon and Lepton Number Violation

    Pavel Fileviez Perez🇺🇸 · Andrea Pocar🇺🇸 · K. S. Babu🇺🇸 · Leah J. Broussard🇺🇸 · Vincenzo Cirigliano🇺🇸 · Susan Gardner🇺🇸 · Julian Heeck🇺🇸 · Ed Kearns🇺🇸 · Andrew J. Long🇺🇸 · Stuart Raby🇺🇸 · Richard Ruiz🇵🇱 · Evelyn Thomson🇺🇸 · Carlos E. M. Wagner🇺🇸 · Mark B. Wise🇺🇸

    In this report we discuss the main theories to understand the origin of baryon and lepton number violation in physics beyond the Standard Model. We present the theoretical predictions for rare processes such as neutrinoless double beta decay, proton decay, and neutron-antineutron oscillation, and overview the prospects to discover these rare processes in the near future. The possibility to observe baryon and lepton violating signatures at current and future colliders and through precision studies of other rare processes, and the testability of different baryogenesis mechanisms is discussed in detail. A healthy and broad experimental program looking for proton decay, neutrinoless double beta decay and neutron-antineutron oscillations is essential to make new discoveries in this field. These searches are carried out at various experimental facilities in the US and abroad, and use instrumentation arching across traditional HEP/NP boundaries. In addition, experiments such as those at the Large Hadron Collider could discover exotic baryon and/or lepton number violating signatures connected to low energy scale theories for neutrino masses, supersymmetric models with R-parity violation, new gauge theories or other mechanisms for physics beyond the Standard Model. The landscape presented in this report could be crucial to discover the underlying mechanism for neutrino masses and the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe.

    hep-phhep-exhep-thnucl-ex34 citations
11. 11*

    Electroweak corrections and shower effects to Higgs production in association with two jets at the LHC

    Barbara Jäger🇩🇪 · Johannes Scheller🇩🇪

    We present an implementation of the full electroweak $H+2\text{jets}$ production process at hadron colliders in the framework of the $\mathtt{POWHEG}\mathtt{BOX}$, a public tool for the matching of fixed-order perturbative calculations with parton shower generators. Our implementation allows for the simultaneous description of vector-boson fusion and Higgsstrahlung contributions. NLO-QCD and electroweak corrections are taken into account and matched to QCD and QED showers, respectively. The size of the fixed-order QCD and electroweak corrections is found to be moderate, but dependent on the considered selection cuts. QCD shower effects slightly modify the NLO-QCD predictions and are most pronounced for distributions of non-tagging jets. The impact of QED shower effects is small.

    hep-phJHEP(2022)·5 citations
12. 12*

    Inflation with Massive Spin-2 Ghosts

    Jisuke Kubo🇩🇪 · Jeffrey Kuntz🇩🇪 · Jonas Rezacek🇩🇪 · Philipp Saake🇩🇪

    We consider a generic model of quadratic gravity coupled to a single scalar and investigate the effects of gravitational degrees of freedom on inflationary parameters. We find that quantum corrections arising from the massive spin-2 ghost generate significant contributions to the effective inflationary potential and allow for a realization of the spontaneous breakdown of global scale invariance without the need for additional scalar fields. We compute inflationary parameters, compare the resulting predictions to well-known inflationary models, and find that they fit well within the Planck and BICEP/Keck collaboration's constraints on inflation.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thJCAP(2022)·14 citations
13. 13*

    Spin alignment from turbulent color fields

    Berndt Müller🇺🇸 · Di-Lun Yang🇹🇼

    We study the important, yet widely overlooked, role of gluons for spin transport with a connection to local parity violation in quark gluon plasmas. We extend the newly developed quantum kinetic theory for relativistic fermions to the case coupled with non-Abelian chromo-electromagnetic fields and employ this formalism to investigate the spin polarization of quarks under dynamically generated color fields in near-equilibrium quark gluon plasmas. It is found that the spin polarization could be induced by parity-odd correlators of color fields, which may dominate over collisional effects at weak coupling. Our result provides with a possible explanation for the spin alignment of vector mesons measured in high-energy nuclear collisions and alludes to the connection with local parity violation.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phhep-thActa Phys.Polon.Supp.(2023)·1 citation
14. 14*

    Pion spectral properties above the chiral crossover of QCD

    Peter Lowdon🇩🇪 · Owe Philipsen🇩🇪

    Spectral functions encode a wealth of information about the dynamics of any given system, and the determination of their non-perturbative characteristics is a long-standing problem in quantum field theory. Whilst numerical simulations of lattice QCD provide ample data for various Euclidean correlation functions, the inversion required to extract spectral functions is an ill-posed problem. In this work, we pursue previously established constraints imposed by field locality at finite temperature $T$, namely that spectral functions possess a non-perturbative representation which generalises the well-known Källén-Lehmann spectral form to $T>0$. Using this representation, we analyse lattice QCD data of the spatial pseudo-scalar correlator in the temperature range $220-960\text{MeV}$, and obtain an analytic expression for the corresponding spectral function, with parameters fixed by the data. From the structure of this spectral function we find evidence for the existence of a distinct pion state above the chiral pseudo-critical temperature $T_{\text{pc}}$, and contributions from its first excitation, which gradually melt as the temperature increases. As a non-trivial test, we find that the extracted spectral function reproduces the corresponding temporal lattice correlator data for $T=220\text{MeV}$.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phhep-thnucl-thJHEP(2022)·41 citations
15. 15*

    Enhanced Small-Scale Structure in the Cosmic Dark Ages

    Derek Inman🇯🇵 · Kazunori Kohri🇯🇵

    We consider the consequences of a matter power spectrum which rises on small scales until eventually being cutoff by microphysical processes associated with the particle nature of dark matter. Evolving the perturbations of a weakly interacting massive particle from before decoupling until deep in the nonlinear regime, we show that nonlinear structure can form abundantly at very high redshifts. In such a scenario, dark matter annihilation is substantially increased after matter-radiation equality. Furthermore, since the power spectrum can be increased over a broad range of scales, the first star forming halos may form earlier than usual as well. The next challenge is determining how early Universe observations may constrain such enhanced dark matter perturbations.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.HEhep-phPRD(2023)·5 citations
16. 16*

    CT or P Problem and Symmetric Gapped Fermion Solution

    Juven Wang🇺🇸

    An analogous "Strong CP problem" is identified in a toy model in 2-dimensional spacetime: a general 1+1d abelian U(1) anomaly-free chiral fermion and chiral gauge theory with a generic theta instanton term $\frac{\theta }{2\pi }\int F$. The theta term alone violates the charge-conjugation-time-reversal CT and the parity P discrete symmetries. The analogous puzzle here is the CT or P problem in 1+1d: Why can the $\bar{\theta }$ angle (including the effect of $\theta$ and the complex phase of a mass matrix) be zero or small for a natural reason? We show that this CT or P problem can be solved by a Symmetric Mass Generation mechanism (SMG, namely generating a mass or energy gap while preserving an anomaly-free symmetry). This 1+1d toy model mimics several features of the 3+1d Standard Model: chiral matter content, confinement, and Anderson-Higgs-induced mass by Yukawa-Higgs term. One solution replaces some chiral fermion's Higgs-induced mean-field mass with SMG-induced non-mean-field mass. Another solution enriches this toy model by introducing several new physics beyond the Standard Model: a parity-reflection PR discrete symmetry maps between the chiral and mirror fermions as fermion doubling localized on two domain walls at high energy, and SMG dynamically generates mass to the mirror fermion while still preserving the anomaly-free chiral symmetry at an intermediate energy scale, much before the Higgs mechanism generates mass to the chiral fermion at lower energy. Without loss of generality, an arguably simplest 1+1d U(1) symmetric anomaly-free chiral fermion/gauge theory (e.g., Weyl fermions with $3_L$-$4_L$-$5_R$-$0_R$ U(1) charges) is demonstrated. As an analogy to the superfluid-insulator or order-disorder quantum phase transition, in contrast to the Peccei-Quinn solution sitting in the (quasi-long-range-order) superfluid phase, our solution is in the SMG insulator disordered phase.

    ↳ hep-thcond-mat.str-elhep-lathep-ph+1PRD(2022)·14 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.