Thu·Jul 28, 2022Thursday·July 28, 2022

1. 01*

   Production and decay of a heavy boson in association with top quarks

   Malgorzata Worek🇩🇪

   We briefly report on NLO QCD corrections to the $pp\to t\bar{t}B+X$ process, where $B$ stands for $H,W^{\pm }$ or $Z$. In the calculation all double-, single and non-resonant Feynman diagrams, interferences and finite-width effects are included for the top quark and $W^{\pm }/Z$ gauge bosons. Numerical results are shown at the differential cross section level for various factorisation and renormalisation scale settings and a few PDF sets. The main theoretical uncertainties associated with neglected higher-order terms in the perturbative expansion and with different parametrisations of the PDFs are also discussed. Furthermore, we compare our complete predictions for $pp\to t\bar{t}B+X$ in multi-lepton final states to the calculation in the narrow-width approximation.

   hep-phPoS(2022)·0 citations
2. 02*

   Tri-Bi-Maximal Mixing in Asymmetric Textures

   Pierre Ramond🇺🇸

   At the occasion of his eighty fifth birthday, I wish to to recognize the crucial role that my advisor, Professor Ayalam Balachandran, played in enabling me to evolve from engineering to physics. So many years later, this student presents his latest efforts: the importance of asymmetry in the Yukawa matrices. We start with a purely phenomenological approach with Tri-Bi-Maximal mixing as input: it predicts the value of the CP-violating angle with the three mixing angles within one sigma of their pdf values. To ensure as much naturalness as possible, a model which starts from $S{U}_5$ and extends to $E_6$ is discussed, in the context of finite family groups which are subgroups $G_2$.

   hep-ph0 citations
3. 03*

   Investigating $B_s$ three-body decays to scalar mesons in perturbative QCD approach

   Hong Yang🇨🇳 · Xian-Qiao Yu🇨🇳

   In this work, we study the branching ratios of B^{0}_{s}\rightarrow a_{0}(980)[ \rightarrow K\overline{K}, \pi\eta]a_{0}(980), B^{0}_{s} \rightarrow f_{0}(980)[ \rightarrow \pi^{+}\pi^{-}, K^{+}K^{-}]f_{0}(980) and B^{0}_{s} \rightarrow f_{0}(500)[ \rightarrow \pi^{+}\pi^{-}]f_{0}(500) decays in the pQCD approach, in which the scalar mesons a_{0}(980), f_{0}(980) and f_{0}(500) are regarded as the lowest-lying q\overline{q} state. In the SU(3) nonet, there exists a mixing between the scalars f_{0}(980) and f_{0}(500), so we have considered the mixing effect in our calculations to obtain more reliable data, and the mixing angle \theta is set at [15^{\circ}, 82^{\circ}] and [105^{\circ}, 171^{\circ}]. Based on the isospin symmetry, we also estimate the branching ratios of the B^{0}_{s} \rightarrow f_{0}(980)[ \rightarrow \pi^{0}\pi^{0}]f_{0}(980) and B^{0}_{s} \rightarrow f_{0}(500)[ \rightarrow \pi^{0}\pi^{0}]f_{0}(500) decays. The branching ratios of the B^{0}_{s}\rightarrow a_{0}(980)[ \rightarrow K\overline{K}, \pi\eta]a_{0}(980) decays are much small, while the results of the B^{0}_{s} \rightarrow f_{0}(980)[ \rightarrow \pi\pi, K\overline{K}]f_{0}(980) and B^{0}_{s} \rightarrow f_{0}(500)[ \rightarrow \pi\pi]f_{0}(500) decays are at the order of 10^{-6}\sim10^{-5}, which can be tested in the LHCb and Belle II experiments, hopefully.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·4 citations
4. 04*

   Exploring Light-Cone Distribution Amplitudes from Quantum Computing

   Tianyin Li🇨🇳 · Xingyu Guo🇨🇳 · Wai Kin Lai🇨🇳 · Xiaohui Liu🇨🇳 · Enke Wang🇨🇳 · Hongxi Xing🇨🇳 · Dan-Bo Zhang🇨🇳 · Shi-Liang Zhu🇨🇳

   Light-cone distribution amplitudes (LCDAs) are essential nonperturbative quantities for theoretical predictions of exclusive high-energy processes in quantum chromodynamics (QCD). We demonstrate the prospect of calculating LCDAs on a quantum computer by applying a recently proposed quantum algorithm, with staggered fermions, to the simulation of the LCDA in the (1+1)-dimensional Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model on classical hardware. The agreement between the result from the classical simulation of the quantum algorithm and that from exact diagonalization justifies the proposed quantum algorithm. We find that the resulting LCDA in the NJL model exhibits features shared with the LCDAs obtained from QCD.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-thquant-phSCPMA(2023)·19 citations
5. 05*

   Trimaximal Mixing and Extended Magic Symmetry in a Model of Neutrino Mass Matrix

   Labh Singh🇮🇳 · Tapender🇮🇳 · Monal Kashav🇮🇳 · Surender Verma🇮🇳

   The trimaximal mixing scheme (TM${}_2$) results in \textit{``magic"} neutrino mass matrix ($M_{\nu }$) which is known to accommodate neutrino oscillation data. In this paper, we propose a phenomenological ansatz for $M_{\nu }$ by extending the magic symmetry that leads to further reduction in the number of free parameters, thereby, increasing the predictability of the model. The neutrino mixing parameters, effective Majorana mass $m_{ee}$ and $CP$ invariants ($J_{CP},I_1,I_2$) are found to exhibit strong correlations for TM${}_2$ mixing paradigm. One of the generic feature of the model is the requirement of non-maximal ${\theta }_{23}$ for possible $CP$ violation measurable in neutrino oscillation experiments. The observables $m_{ee}$ and sum of neutrino masses ($\sum m_i$) have imperative implications for yet unknown neutrino mass hierarchy. For inverted hierarchy, the lower bound on $m_{ee}>0.02$ eV, predicted by the model, is found to be within the sensitivity reach of the $0\nu \beta \beta$ decay experiments. Also, cosmological bound of $0.12$ eV on $\sum m_i$, at 95\% CL, refutes inverted hierarchy implying TM${}_2$ with normal hierarchy as the only viable possibility in the model. We have, also, illustrated a scenario wherein such a construction of the neutrino mass matrix can be realized using $\Delta (54)$ symmetry in the framework of Type-I+II seesaw mechanism.

   hep-phEPL(2023)·14 citations
6. 06*

   Standard Model predictions for $B\to K{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$, $B\to K{\ell }_1^{-}{\ell }_2^{+}$ and $B\to K\nu \bar{\nu }$ using form factors from $N_f=2+1+1$ lattice QCD

   W. G. Parrott🇬🇧 · C. Bouchard🇬🇧 · C. T. H. Davies🇬🇧

   We use HPQCD's recent lattice QCD determination of $B\to K$ scalar, vector and tensor form factors to determine Standard Model differential branching fractions for $B\to K{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$, $B\to K{\ell }_1^{+}{\ell }_2^{-}$ and $B\to K\nu \overline{\nu }$. These form factors are calculated across the full $q^2$ range of the decay and have smaller uncertainties than previous work, particularly at low $q^2$. For $B\to K{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ we find the Standard Model branching fraction in the $q^2$ region below the squared $J/\psi$ mass to exceed the LHCb results, with tensions as high as $4.2\sigma$ for $B^{+}\to K^{+}{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$. For the high $q^2$ region we see $2.7\sigma$ tensions. The tensions are much reduced by applying shifts to Wilson coefficients $C_9$ and $C_{10}$ in the effective weak Hamiltonian, moving them away from their Standard Model values consistent with those indicated by other $B$ phenomenology. We also update results for lepton-flavour ratios $R_e^{\mu }$ and $R_{\mu }^{\tau }$ and the `flat term', $F_H^{\ell }$ in the differential branching fraction for $\ell \in \{e,\mu ,\tau \}$. Our results for the form-factor-dependent contributions needed for searches for lepton-flavour-violating decays $B\to K{\ell }_1^{-}{\ell }_2^{+}$ achieve uncertainties of 7%. We also compute the branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(B\to K\nu \bar{\nu })$ with an uncertainty below 10%, for comparison with future experimental results.

   hep-phhep-latPRD(2023)·173 citations
7. 07*

   Charged Higgs induced 5 and 6 lepton signatures from heavy neutrinos at the LHC

   Arindam Das🇯🇵 · Shinya Kanemura🇯🇵 · Prasenjit Sanyal🇰🇷

   We propose an anomaly free gauged U$(1)$ extension of the SM where three right handed heavy neutrinos, being charged under the general U$(1)$ gauge group, are introduced to explain the origin of the tiny neutrino mass through the seesaw mechanism after the general U$(1)$ symmetry is broken. Due to the breaking of the general U$(1)$ symmetry a neutral beyond the standard model gauge boson $Z^{\prime }$ acquires mass. There are two Higgs doublets in this model where one interacts with the SM fermions and the other one interacts with the right handed heavy neutrinos and charged leptons. The charged multiplet of the second Higgs can completely decay into the heavy neutrinos and charged lepton in the neutrinophilic limit of the model parameters. The charged Higgs pair production can be influenced due to presence of the $Z^{\prime }$ boson at the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) in addition to the neutral SM gauge bosons. The pair produced charged Higgs bosons decay into SM charged leptons and heavy neutrinos. Following the leading decay modes of the heavy neutrinos into charged leptons and $W$ boson we study the 5 and 6 lepton final states after the leptonic and hadronic decay of the $W$ bosons considering solely muons and electrons in the final state. Combining the electron and muon final states we estimate the significance of the 5 and 6 charged lepton processes in the $m_{H^{\pm }}-m_N$ plane for different benchmark points of $m_{Z^{\prime }}$. It is found that the 5 (6) charged lepton processes could be probed at the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) with at least 5 (3) $\sigma$ significance and there are parameter regions where the significance could be larger.

   hep-phhep-exEPJC(2023)·4 citations
8. 08*

   An Asymmetric SIMP Dark Matter Model

   Shu-Yu Ho🇰🇷

   In this paper, we construct the first asymmetric strongly interacting massive particles (SIMP) dark matter (DM) model, where a new vector-like fermion and a new complex scalar both having nonzero chemical potentials can be asymmetric DM particles. After the spontaneous breaking of a U(1)${}_{\text{D}}^{}$ dark gauge symmetry, these two particles can have accidental ${\mathbb{Z}}_4^{}$ charges making them stable. By adding one more complex scalar as a mediator between the SIMP DM, the relic density of DM is determined by $3\to 2$ and two-loop induced $2\to 2$ annihilations in this model. On the other hand, the SIMP DM can maintain kinetic equilibrium with the thermal bath until the DM freeze-out temperature via the new gauge interaction. Interestingly, this model can have a bouncing effect on DM, whereby the DM number density rises after the chemical freeze-out of DM. With this effect, the prediction of the DM self-interacting cross section in this model can be consistent with astrophysical observations, and the ratio of the DM energy density to the baryonic matter energy density can be explained by primordial asymmetries. We also predict the DM-electron elastic scattering cross section that can be used to test this model in future projected experiments.

   hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2022)·16 citations
9. 09*

   Muon $g-2$ Anomaly from a Massive Spin-2 Particle

   Da Huang🇨🇳 · Chao-Qiang Geng🇨🇳 · Jiajun Wu🇨🇳

   We investigate the possibility to interpret the muon $g-2$ anomaly in terms of a massive spin-2 particle, $G$, which can be identified as the first Kaluza-Klein graviton in the generalized Randall-Sundrum model. In particular, we obtain the leading-order contributions to the muon $g-2$ by calculating the relevant one-loop Feynman diagrams induced by $G$. The analytic expression is shown to keep the gauge invariance of the quantum electrodynamics and to be consistent with the expected UV divergence structure. Moreover, we impose the theoretical bounds from the perturbativity and the experimental constraints from LHC and LEP-II on our model. Especially, we derive novel perturbativity constraints on nonrenormalizable operators related to $G$, which are the natural generalization of the counterpart for the renormalizable operators. As a result, we show that there exists a substantial parameter space, which can accommodate the muon $g-2$ anomaly allowed by all constraints. Finally, we also make comments on the possible explanation of the electron $g-2$ anomalies with the massive spin-2 particle.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·4 citations
10. 10*

    Gauge boson masses from the scale-dependent interplay between the gravitational and the electroweak sector

    Cristobal Laporte🇳🇱 · Benjamin Koch🇦🇹 · Felipe Canales🇨🇱 · Angel Rincon🇨🇱

    In this paper we explore the interplay of scale dependence arising in the electroweak and the gravitational sector. Using the method of variational parameter setting leads naturally to spontaneous symmetry breaking and thus to electroweak gauge boson masses. We explore the phenomenological prospect of this model and the mapping to the program asymptotic safety.

    hep-phgr-qc3 citations
11. 11*

    Sensitivity and constraints to the 2HDM soft-breaking $Z_2$ parameter $m_{12}$

    F. Arco🇪🇸 · S. Heinemeyer🇪🇸 · M.J. Herrero🇪🇸

    In this letter we study the specific sensitivity and constraints to the soft breaking $Z_2$ parameter $m_{12}$ of the Two Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM). $m_{12}$ is considered here as an input parameter of the model together with the masses of the Higgs bosons, $m_h$, $m_H$, $m_A$, $m_{H^{\pm }}$, the ratio of the two Higgs vacuum expectation values, $\tan \beta$, and $\cos (\beta -\alpha )$, with $\alpha$ and $\beta$ the mixing angles of the $\mathcal{C}\mathcal{P}$-even and $\mathcal{C}\mathcal{P}$-odd Higgs sector, respectively. We explore in particular the sensitivity to $m_{12}$ in the decays of the lightest Higgs boson $h$ to two photons, assuming: 1) that $h$ is the state observed at the LHC at $\sim 125\mathrm{GeV}$, and 2) the $h$ couplings to the SM particles are SM-like, by going to the alignment limit, $\cos (\beta -\alpha )=0$. The aim of this work is to demonstrate possible constraints on $m_{12}$ from the present measurement of the di-photon signal strength, ${\mu }_{\gamma \gamma }$. These constraints are relevant in the region of the 2HDM parameter space that is allowed by all the other constraints, specifically, theoretical constraints as well as experimental constraints from LHC Higgs rate measurements, Higgs boson searches, flavor physics and precision observables. The exploration is performed in the four different Yukawa types of 2HDM, where the allowed region by all the other constraints depends on the model type. We also analyze the case that the Higgs-boson mass spectrum accommodates a possible new world average of $m_W$ including the recent CDF measurement.

    hep-phPLB(2022)·18 citations
12. 12*

    PB TMD fits at NLO with dynamical resolution scale

    S. Sadeghi Barzani🇮🇷

    Parton branching solutions of QCD evolution equations have recently been studied to construct both collinear and transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distributions. In this formalism, a soft-gluon resolution scale is introduced to separate resolvable and non-resolvable branchings, and to take into account soft-gluon coherence effects. In this talk, results of fits to the high precision deep inelastic scattering (DIS) structure function measurements are shown including for the first time the effects of dynamical, i.e. branching-scale dependent, resolution scales at Next-to-Leading-Order (NLO) accuracy in the strong coupling.

    hep-ph7 citations
13. 13*

    Anomalies in charged-current $B$ decays

    Ryoutaro Watanabe🇮🇹

    This paper reviews the recent progresses of the flavor and collider searches that can probe New Physics effects responsible for the current discrepancy in the lepton flavor universality ratio of $R_{D^{(\ast )}}$ between the experimental measurements and SM values.

    hep-ph1 citation
14. 14*

    On connection of the cosmic-ray coplanarity of most energetic particles with the collider long-range near-side "ridge" effect

    Rauf A. Mukhamedshin🇷🇺

    Coplanarity of subcores of $\gamma$-ray--hadron families found in cosmic-ray experiments at $E_0\gtrsim 10^{16}$ eV requires appearance of a coplanar generation of most energetic particles. Long-range near-side "ridge" effect in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV was found by the CMS Collaboration in two-particle $\Delta \eta -\Delta \phi$ correlation functions at $|\Delta \eta |\gtrsim 3$ and $|\Delta \phi |\approx 0$. The FANSY 2.0 model reproduces both the hadron coplanarity and "ridge" effect.

    hep-ph0 citations
15. 15*

    Soft logarithms in processes with heavy quarks

    Daniele Gaggero🇮🇹 · Andrea Ghira🇮🇹 · Simone Marzani🇮🇹 · Giovanni Ridolfi🇮🇹

    Observables involving heavy quarks can be computed in perturbative QCD in two different approximation schemes: either the quark mass dependence is fully retained, or it is retained only where needed to regulate the collinear singularity. The two schemes have different advantages and drawbacks. In particular, it is known that the structure of large logarithms arising from soft emissions is different in the two approaches. We investigate the origin of this difference in some detail, focussing on a few specific processes. We show that it is related to the non-commutativity of the small-mass and soft-emission limits. Finally, we perform the resummation of soft-emission logarithms to next-to-leading accuracy in the case of Higgs decay into a $b\bar{b}$ pair, in the scheme in which the quark mass dependence is fully accounted for.

    hep-phJHEP(2022)·26 citations
16. 16*

    An introductory lecture on Generalised Parton Distributions

    Cédric Mezrag🇫🇷

    These lecture notes on Generalised Parton Distributions aim at providing a general picture of the field on the theoretical and phenomenological sides to master and Ph.D. students. They go along with the lecture given at the Baryon International School of Physics in 2021.

    hep-phnucl-thFew Body Syst.(2022)·38 citations
17. 17*

    Identifying $D$ mesons from Radiative $W$ decays at the Large Hadron Collider

    E. Bakos🇷🇸 · N. de Groot🇳🇱 · N. Vranjes🇷🇸

    In this paper we present two machine learning algorithms to identify $D$ mesons produced in a color singlet state from radiative $W$ boson decays at the LHC. The combined network algorithm is able to identify $D$ mesons via its hadronic decays with an efficiency of 47% while suppressing a background of quark and gluon jets by a factor of 100. Using the developed algorithm, we perform a prospective study for the measurement of $\mathcal{B}(W\to D_s\gamma )$.

    hep-phhep-exSymmetry(2023)·2 citations
18. 18*

    Non-perturbative determination of the collisional broadening kernel and medium-induced radiation in QCD plasmas

    Sören Schlichting🇩🇪 · Ismail Soudi🇺🇸

    Collisional broadening in QCD plasmas leads to the emission of medium induced radiation, which governs the energy loss of highly energetic particles or jets. While recent studies have obtained non-perturbative contributions to the collisional broadening kernel $C(b_{\perp })$ using lattice simulation of the dimensionally reduced long-distance effective theory of QCD, Electrostatic QCD (EQCD), so far all phenomenological calculations of jet quenching rely on perturbative determinations of the collisional broadening kernel. By matching the short-distance behavior of the lattice extracted EQCD broadening kernel, we determine the fully matched QCD broadening kernel non-perturbatively. We present results for the collisional broadening kernel in impact-parameter ($C_{\mathrm{QCD}}(b_{\perp })$)) and momentum space ($C_{\mathrm{QCD}}(q_{\perp })$) and employ them to determine the rates of medium induced radiation in infinite and finite size QCD plasmas. By contrasting our results with leading and next-to-leading order perturbative determinations as well as various approximations of the splitting rates employed in the literature, we investigate the effect of the non-peturbative determination of CQCD($q_{\perp }$) on medium-induced radiation rates.

    hep-phActa Phys.Polon.Supp.(2023)·0 citations
19. 19*

    The two-photon decay of X(6900) from light-by-light scattering at the LHC

    Volodymyr Biloshytskyi🇩🇪 · Vladimir Pascalutsa🇩🇪 · Lucian Harland-Lang🇬🇧 · Bogdan Malaescu🇫🇷 · Kristof Schmieden🇩🇪 · Matthias Schott🇩🇪

    The LHCb Collaboration has recently discovered a structure around 6.9 GeV in the double-$J/\psi$ mass distribution, possibly a first fully-charmed tetraquark state $X(6900)$. Based on vector-meson dominance (VMD) such a state should have a significant branching ratio for decaying into two photons. We show that the recorded LHC data for the light-by-light scattering may indeed accommodate for such a state, with a $\gamma \gamma$ branching ratio of order of $10^{-4}$, which is larger even than the value inferred by the VMD. The spin-parity assignment $0^{-+}$ is in better agreement with the VMD prediction than $0^{++}$, albeit not significantly at the current precision. Further light-by-light scattering data in this region, clarifying the nature of this state, should be obtained in the Run 3 and probably in the high-luminosity phase of the LHC (Run 4 etc.).

    hep-phhep-exnucl-thPRD(2022)·25 citations
20. 20*

    Axion-Like Particle Production at Beam Dump Experiments with Distinct Nuclear Excitation Lines

    Loyd Waites🇺🇸 · Adrian Thompson🇺🇸 · Adriana Bungau🇺🇸 · Janet M. Conrad🇺🇸 · Bhaskar Dutta🇺🇸 · Wei-Chih Huang🇺🇸 · Doojin Kim🇺🇸 · Michael Shaevitz🇺🇸 · Joshua Spitz🇺🇸

    Searches for axion-like particles (ALPs) are motivated by the strong CP problem in particle physics and by unexplained dark matter in astrophysics. In this letter, we discuss novel ALP searches using monoenergetic nuclear de-excitation photons from a beam dump, using IsoDAR as an example. We show that IsoDAR can set limits that close a gap in traditional QCD axion searches using the ALP-photon coupling, as well as provide sensitivity to large regions of new parameter space in models where ALPs couple to nucleons and electrons. We also show how isotope decay-at-rest experiments may be designed to improve potential ALP production and optimize detection sensitivity.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2023)·21 citations
21. 21*

    Jupiter missions as probes of dark matter

    Lingfeng Li🇺🇸 · JiJi Fan🇺🇸

    Jupiter, the fascinating largest planet in the solar system, has been visited by nine spacecraft, which have collected a significant amount of data about Jovian properties. In this paper, we show that one type of the in situ measurements on the relativistic electron fluxes could be used to probe dark matter (DM) and dark mediator between the dark sector and our visible world. Jupiter, with its immense weight and cool core, could be an ideal capturer for DM with masses around the GeV scale. The captured DM particles could annihilate into long-lived dark mediators such as dark photons, which subsequently decay into electrons and positrons outside Jupiter. The charged particles, trapped by the Jovian magnetic field, have been measured in Jupiter missions such as the Galileo probe and the Juno orbiter. We use the data available to set upper bounds on the cross section of DM scattering off nucleons, ${\sigma }_{\chi n}$, for dark mediators with lifetime of order $\mathcal{O}(0.1-1)$s. The results show that data from Jupiter missions already probe regions in the parameter space un- or under-explored by existing DM searches, e.g., constrain ${\sigma }_{\chi n}$ of order $(10^{-40}-10^{-38})$ cm${}^2$ for 1 GeV DM dominantly annihilating into $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ through dark mediators. This study serves as an example and an initial step to explore the full physics potential of the large planetary datasets from Jupiter missions. We also outline several other potential directions related to secondary products of electrons, positron signals and solar axions.

    hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.EPastro-ph.HE+1JHEP(2022)·28 citations
22. 22*

    Mapping the SMEFT to discoverable models

    Ricardo Cepedello🇩🇪 · Fabian Esser🇪🇸 · Martin Hirsch🇪🇸 · Veronica Sanz🇪🇸

    The matching of specific new physics scenarios onto the SMEFT framework is a well-understood procedure. The inverse problem, the matching of the SMEFT to UV scenarios, is more difficult and requires the development of new methods to perform a systematic exploration of models. In this paper we use a diagrammatic technique to construct in an automated way a complete set of possible UV models (given certain, well specified assumptions) that can produce specific groups of SMEFT operators, and illustrate its use by generating models with no tree-level contributions to four-fermion (4F) operators. Those scenarios, which only contribute to 4F at one-loop order, can contain relatively light particles that could be discovered at the LHC in direct searches. For this class of models, we find an interesting interplay between indirect SMEFT and direct searches. We discuss some examples on how this interplay would look like when combining low-energy observables with the SMEFT Higgs-fermion analyses and searches for resonance at the LHC.

    hep-phJHEP(2022)·25 citations
23. 23*

    Glueball Dark Matter revisited

    Pierluca Carenza🇸🇪 · Roman Pasechnik🇸🇪 · Gustavo Salinas🇸🇪 · Zhi-Wei Wang🇸🇪

    We revisit the possibility that Dark Matter is composed of stable scalar glueballs of a confining dark $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ gauge theory coupled only to gravity. The relic abundance of dark glueballs is studied for the first time in a thermal effective theory accounting for strong-coupling dynamics. An important ingredient of our analysis is the use of an effective potential for glueballs that is fitted by lattice simulations. We predict the relic abundance to be in the range $0.12{\zeta }_T^{-3}\Lambda /(137.9\mathrm{eV})\lesssim \Omega h^2\lesssim 0.12{\zeta }_T^{-3}\Lambda /(82.7\mathrm{eV})$, with $\Lambda$ being the confinement scale, ${\zeta }_T$ the visible-to-dark sector temperature ratio and the uncertainty is coming from the fit to lattice data. This prediction is an order of magnitude smaller than the existing glueball abundance results in the literature. Our framework can be easily generalised to different gauge groups and modified cosmological histories paving the way towards consistent exploration of strongly-coupled dark sectors and their cosmological implications.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-lathep-thPRL(2022)·41 citations
24. 24*

    Weak charges quantization in $SU(3{)}_c\otimes SU(n{)}_L\otimes U(1{)}_Y$ gauge models

    Adrian Palcu🇷🇴

    After proving, in a previous paper, that the electric charge quantization occurs as a natural consequence in renormalizable $SU(3{)}_c\otimes SU(n{)}_L\otimes U(1{)}_Y$ gauge models, we take here a step further within the same paradigm in order to obtain the precise weak charges quantization. To this end a viable boson mass spectrum yields first, once a proper parametrization in the Higgs sector is employed. Hence, by diagonalizing the neutral bosons mass matrix, the quantized neutral weak charge operators are obtained. The Standard Model phenomenology is entirely recovered, as its scale ($v_{SM}=246$ GeV) is decoupled from the higher scale ($V\sim$ 10 TeV) specific to our generalized electro-weak unification.

    hep-phEPL(2022)·2 citations
25. 25*

    Constraining resonant dark matter self-interactions with strong gravitational lenses

    Daniel Gilman🇨🇦 · Yi-Ming Zhong🇺🇸 · Jo Bovy🇨🇦

    We devise a method to constrain self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) from observations of quadruply-imaged quasars, and apply it to five self-interaction potentials with a long-range dark force. We consider several SIDM models with an attractive potential that allows for the formation of quasi-bound states, giving rise to resonant features in the cross section localized at particular velocities below $50\mathrm{km}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$. We propose these resonances, which amplify or suppress the cross section amplitude by over an order of magnitude, accelerate or delay the onset of core collapse in low-mass dark matter halos, and derive constraints on the timescale for core collapse for the five interaction potentials we consider. Our data strongly disfavors scenarios in which a majority of halos core collapse, with the strongest constraints obtained for cross section strengths exceeding $100\mathrm{c}{\mathrm{m}}^2{\mathrm{g}}^{-1}$ at relative velocities below $30\mathrm{km}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$. This work opens a new avenue to explore the vast landscape of possible SIDM theories.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phPRD(2023)·64 citations
26. 26*

    Probing Physics Beyond the Standard Model: Limits from BBN and the CMB Independently and Combined

    Tsung-Han Yeh🇺🇸 · Jessie Shelton🇺🇸 · Keith A. Olive🇺🇸 · Brian D. Fields🇺🇸

    We present new Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) limits on the cosmic expansion rate or relativistic energy density, quantified via the number $N_{\nu }$ of equivalent neutrino species. We use the latest light element observations, neutron mean lifetime, and update our evaluation for the nuclear rates $d+d\to He3+n$ and $d+d\to H3+p$. Combining this result with the independent constraints from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) yields tight limits on new physics that perturbs $N_{\nu }$ and $\eta$ prior to cosmic nucleosynthesis: a joint BBN+CMB analysis gives $N_{\nu }=2.898\pm 0.141$, resulting in $N_{\nu }<3.180$ at $2\sigma$. We apply these limits to a wide variety of new physics scenarios including right-handed neutrinos, dark radiation, and a stochastic gravitational wave background. We also search for limits on potential {\em changes} in $N_{\nu }$ and/or the baryon-to-photon ratio $\eta$ between the two epochs. The present data place strong constraints on the allowed changes in $N_{\nu }$ between BBN and CMB decoupling; for example, we find $-0.708<N_{\nu }^{\mathrm{CMB}}-N_{\nu }^{\mathrm{BBN}}<0.328$ in the case where $\eta$ and the primordial helium mass fraction $Y_p$ are unchanged between the two epochs; we also give limits on the allowed variations in $\eta$ or in $(\eta ,N_{\nu })$ jointly. Looking to the future, we forecast the tightened precision for $N_{\nu }$ arising from both CMB Stage 4 measurements as well as improvements in astronomical \he4 measurements. We find that CMB-S4 combined with present BBN and light element observation precision can give $\sigma (N_{\nu })\simeq 0.03$. Such future precision would reveal the expected effect of neutrino heating ($N_{\mathrm{eff}}-3=0.044$) of the CMB during BBN, and would be near the level to reveal any particle species ever in thermal equilibrium with the standard model.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2022)·211 citations
27. 27*

    Remnants of quark model in lattice QCD simulation in the Coulomb gauge

    Hiroki Ohata🇯🇵 · Hideo Suganuma🇯🇵

    Aiming at the relation between QCD and the quark model, we consider projections of gauge configurations generated in quenched lattice QCD simulations in the Coulomb gauge on a 16${}^3$ $\times$ 32, $\beta$ = 6.0 lattice. First, we focus on a fact that the static quark-antiquark potential is independent of spatial gauge fields. We explicitly confirm this by performing $\vec{A}$ = 0 projection, where spatial gauge fields are all set to zero. We also apply the $\vec{A}$ = 0 projection to light hadron masses and find that nucleon and delta baryon masses are almost degenerate, suggesting vanishing of the color-magnetic interactions. After considering the physical meaning of the $\vec{A}$ = 0 projection, we next propose a generalized projection, where spatial gauge fields are expanded in terms of Faddeev-Popov eigenmodes and only some eigenmodes are left. We apply the proposed projection to light hadron and glueball masses and find that the N-$\mathrm{\Delta }$ and 0${}^{++}$-2${}^{++}$ mass splittings become evident when projected with more than 33 (0.10 \%) low-lying eigenmodes, suggesting emergence of the color-magnetic interactions. We also find that the original hadron masses are approximately reproduced with just 328 (1.00 \%) low-lying eigenmodes. These findings indicate an important role of low-lying eigenmodes on hadron masses and would be useful in clarifying the relation between QCD and the quark model.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phEPJA(2024)·1 citation
28. 28*

    The symbology of Feynman integrals from twistor geometries

    Song He🇨🇳 · Jiahao Liu🇨🇳 · Yichao Tang🇨🇳 · Qinglin Yang🇨🇳

    We study the symbology of planar Feynman integrals in dimensional regularization by considering geometric configurations in momentum twistor space corresponding to their leading singularities (LS). Cutting propagators in momentum twistor space amounts to intersecting lines associated with loop and external dual momenta, including the special line associated with the point at infinity, which breaks dual conformal symmetry. We show that cross-ratios of intersection points on these lines, especially those on the infinity line, naturally produce symbol letters for Feynman integrals in $D=4-2ϵ$, which include and generalize their LS. At one loop, we obtain all symbol letters using intersection points from quadruple cuts for integrals up to pentagon kinematics with two massive corners, which agree perfectly with canonical differential equation (CDE) results. We then obtain all two-loop letters, for up to four-mass box and one-mass pentagon kinematics, by considering more intersections arising from two-loop cuts. Finally we comment on how cluster algebras appear from this construction, and importantly how we may extend the method to non-planar integrals.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phSCPMA(2024)·32 citations
29. 29*

    Bayesian Inference of the Specific Shear and Bulk Viscosities of the Quark-Gluon Plasma at Crossover from $\varphi$ and $\Omega$ Observables

    Zhidong Yang🇨🇳 · Lie-Wen Chen🇨🇳

    Due to their weak final state interactions, the $\varphi$ meson and $\Omega$ baryon provide unique probes of the properties of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) formed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Using the quark recombination model with the quark phase-space information parameterized in a viscous blastwave, we study the transverse-momentum spectra and elliptic flows of $\varphi$ and $\Omega$ in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=200$ GeV and Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.76$ TeV. The viscous blastwave includes non-equilibrium deformations of thermal distributions due to shear and bulk stresses and thus carries information on the specific shear viscosity $\eta /s$ and the specific bulk viscosity $\zeta /s$ of the QGP. We perform a model-to-data comparison with Bayesian inference and simultaneously obtain $\eta /s=(2.08_{-1.09}^{+1.10})/4\pi$ and $\zeta /s=0.06_{-0.04}^{+0.04}$ at $90\%$ C.L. for the baryon-free QGP at crossover temperature of about $160$ MeV. Our work provides a novel approach to simultaneously determine the $\eta /s$ and $\zeta /s$ of the QGP at hadronization.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exPRC(2023)·16 citations
30. 30*

    Higgs in Nilpotent Supergravity: Vacuum Energy and Festina Lente

    Amineh Mohseni🇮🇷 · Mahdi Torabian🇮🇷

    In this note we study supergravity models with constrained superfields. We construct a supergravity framework in which all (super)symmetry breaking dynamics happen in vacuum with naturally (or otherwise asymptotically) vanishing energy. Supersymmetry is generically broken in multiple sectors each of them is parametrized by a nilpotent goldstino superfield. Dynamical fields (the Higgs, inflaton, etc) below the supersymmetry breaking scale are constrained superfields of various types. In this framework, there is a dominant supersymmetry breaking sector which uplifts the potential to zero value. Other sources of supersymmetry breaking have (asymptotically) vanishing contribution to vacuum energy such that supersymmetry is locally restored. Demanding vanishing vacuum energy constrains the structure of the superpotential and Kahler potential; there is a superpotential term for each secluded sector directly interacting with a nilpotent superfield and the Kahler potential must have a shift symmetry along Higgs field directions. This structure is inspired by elements that appear in string theory. We also study the Higgs dynamics during inflation and show that the swampland Festina Lente bound could be realized in this framework.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phPLB(2023)·4 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.