Mon·Jul 18, 2022Monday·July 18, 2022

1. 01*

   Jet Broadening in Flowing Matter -- Resummation

   Carlota Andres🇫🇷 · Fabio Dominguez🇪🇸 · Andrey V. Sadofyev🇪🇸 · Carlos A. Salgado🇪🇸

   In this work, we obtain the leading corrections to the jet momentum broadening distribution in a QCD medium arising from the transverse flow of the matter. We first derive the single-particle propagator of a highly energetic parton resumming its multiple interactions with the homogeneous flowing matter, explicitly keeping the leading subeikonal flow terms. Then, we use this propagator to obtain the jet broadening distribution and its leading moments. We show that this distribution becomes anisotropic in the presence of transverse flow, since its odd moments are generally non-zero and proportional to the transverse velocity of the medium. Finally, we evaluate several odd moments, which we compare to the corresponding results at first order in opacity, showing that accounting for multiple in-medium scatterings is essential to describe some observables in dense nuclear matter.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2022)·51 citations
2. 02*

   $pp$ scattering at the LHC with the lepton pair production and one proton tagging

   S. I. Godunov🇷🇺 · E. K. Karkaryan🇷🇺 · V. A. Novikov🇷🇺 · A. N. Rozanov🇫🇷 · M. I. Vysotsky🇷🇺 · E. V. Zhemchugov🇷🇺

   Analytical formulas for the cross section of the reaction $pp\to p+{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}+X$ are presented. Fiducial cross sections are compared with those measured recently by the ATLAS collaboration.

   hep-phhep-exEPJC(2022)·9 citations
3. 03*

   A closed clockwork theory: ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ parity and more

   Debajyoti Choudhury🇮🇳 · Suvam Maharana🇮🇳

   We develop a new class of clockwork theories with an augmented structure of the near-neighbour interactions along a one-dimensional closed chain. Such a topology leads to new and attractive features in addition to generating light states with hierarchical couplings via the usual clockwork mechanism. For one, there emerges a ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ symmetry under the exchange of fields resulting in a physical spectrum consisting of states, respectively even and odd under the exchange parity with a two-fold degeneracy at each level. The lightest odd particle, being absolutely stable, could be envisaged as a potential dark matter candidate. The theory can also be obtained as a deconstruction of a five-dimensional theory embedded in a geometry generated by a linear dilaton theory on a $S^1/{\mathbb{Z}}_2$ orbifold with three equidistant 3-branes. Analogous to the discrete picture, the ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ symmetry in the bulk theory necessitates the existence of a KK spectrum of even and odd states, with doubly degenerate modes at each KK level when subject to certain boundary conditions.

   hep-phhep-thJHEP(2022)·1 citation
4. 04*

   Theory Perspective on Heavy Flavour Physics

   Monika Blanke🇩🇪

   We review the Spring 2022 status of the current $B$ anomalies and their possible interpretation in terms of New Phsyics. We also discuss the discovery potential of targeted LHC and future collider searches for the underlying new particles and their complementarity with low-energy flavour observables.

   hep-phPoS(2023)·2 citations
5. 05*

   Unraveling the Scotogenic Model at Muon Collider

   Jiao Liu🇨🇳 · Zhi-Long Han🇨🇳 · Yi Jin🇨🇳 · Honglei Li🇨🇳

   The Scotogenic model extends the standard model with three singlet fermion $N_i$ and one inert doublet scalar $\eta$ to address the common origin of tiny neutrino mass and dark matter. For fermion dark matter $N_1$, a hierarchical Yukawa structure $|y_{1e}|\ll |y_{1\mu }|\sim |y_{1\tau }|\sim \mathcal{O}(1)$ is usually favored to satisfy constraints from lepton flavor violation and relic density. Such large $\mu$-related Yukawa coupling would greatly enhance the pair production of charged scalar ${\eta }^{\pm }$ at the muon collider. In this paper, we investigate the dilepton signature of the Scotogenic model at a 14 TeV muon collider. For the dimuon signature ${\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}+/E_T$, we find that most viable samples can be probed with $200{\text{fb}}^{-1}$ data. The ditau signature ${\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}+/E_T$ is usually less promising but is important to probe the small $|y_{1\mu }|$ region. The mono-photon signature $\gamma +/E_T$ could also probe the compressed mass region $M_1\lesssim M_{{\eta }^{\pm }}$. Masses of charged scalar ${\eta }^{\pm }$ and dark matter $N_1$ can be further extracted by a binned likelihood fit of the dilepton energy.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2022)·34 citations
6. 06*

   Mixed QCD-electroweak corrections to Higgs plus jet production at the LHC

   Marco Bonetti🇩🇪

   The detailed study of the Higgs boson is one of the main tasks of contemporary particle physics. Gluon fusion, the main production channel of Higgs bosons at the LHC, has been successfully modelled in QCD up to ${\text{N}}^3\text{LO}$. To fully exploit this unprecedented theoretical effort, sub-leading contributions, such as electroweak corrections, must be investigated. I will present the analytic calculations of the gluon- and quark-induced Higgs plus jet amplitudes in mixed QCD-electroweak corrections mediated by light quarks up to order $v{\alpha }^2{\alpha }_S^{3/2}$.

   hep-phPoS(2022)·1 citation
7. 07*

   High-energy limit of $2\to 2$ scattering amplitudes at NNLL

   Calum Milloy🇮🇹 · Giulio Falcioni🇬🇧 · Einan Gardi🇬🇧 · Niamh Maher🇬🇧 · Leonardo Vernazza🇮🇹

   The high-energy limit of $2\to 2$ scattering amplitudes offers an excellent setting to explore the universal features of gauge theories. At Leading Logarithmic (LL) accuracy the partonic amplitude is governed by Regge poles in the complex angular momentum plane. Beyond LL, Regge cuts in this plane begin to play an important role. Specifically, the real part of the amplitude at Next-to-Next-to-Leading Logarithmic (NNLL) accuracy presents for the first time both a Regge pole and a Regge cut. Analysing this tower of logarithms and computing it explicitly through four loops we are able to systematically separate between the Regge pole and the Regge cut. The former involves two fundamental parameters, namely the gluon Regge trajectory and impact factors. We explain how to consistently define the impact factors at two loops and the Regge trajectory at three loops. We confirm that the singularities of the trajectory are given by the cusp anomalous dimension. We also show that the Regge-cut contribution at four loop is nonplanar.

   hep-phhep-thPoS(2022)·4 citations
8. 08*

   Towards two-loop automation in OpenLoops

   Stefano Pozzorini🇨🇭 · Natalie Schär · Max F. Zoller🇨🇭

   NLO scattering amplitudes are provided by fully automated numerical tools, such as OpenLoops, for a very wide range of processes. In order to match the numerical precision of current and future collider experiments, the higher precision of NNLO calculations is essential, and their automation in a similar tool a highly desirable goal. In our approach, D-dimensional two-loop amplitudes are decomposed into Feynman integrals with four-dimensional numerators and (D-4)-dimensional remainders. The latter are reconstructed through process-independent rational counterterm insertions into lower-loop diagrams, while the first are expressed as loop momentum tensor integrals contracted with tensor coefficients. In this article, we describe a completely generic algorithm, first presented in [1], for the efficient and numerically stable construction of these tensor coefficients. This algorithm is fully implemented in the OpenLoops framework for QED and QCD corrections to the Standard Model. For this implementation we present performance studies on numerical stability and CPU efficiency.

   hep-phPoS(2022)·6 citations
9. 09*

   Nature of the $X(6900)$ in partial wave decomposition of $J/\psi J/\psi$ scattering

   Qi Zhou🇨🇳 · Di Guo🇨🇳 · Shi-Qing Kuang🇨🇳 · Qin-He Yang🇨🇳 · Ling-Yun Dai🇨🇳

   In this letter, we perform partial wave decomposition on coupled-channel scattering amplitudes, $J/\psi J/\psi$-$J/\psi \psi (2S)$-$J/\psi \psi (3770)$, to study the resonance appears in these processes. Effective Lagrangians are used to describe the interactions of four charmed vector mesons, and the scattering amplitudes are calculated up to the next-to-leading order. Partial wave projections are performed, and unitarization is implemented by Padé approximation. Then we fit the amplitudes to the $J/\psi J/\psi$ invariant mass spectra measured by LHCb and determine the unknown couplings. The pole parameters of the $X(6900)$ are extracted as $M=6861.0_{-8.8}^{+6.3}$~MeV and $\Gamma =129.0_{-3.4}^{+5.6}$~MeV. Our analysis implies that its quantum number prefers to be $0^{++}$. The pole counting rule and phase shifts show that it is a normal Breit-Wigner resonance and, hence, should be a compact tetraquark.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2022)·21 citations
10. 10*

    Negative energy effects in processes involving bound particles: finite nuclear size effects

    Andrzej Czarnecki🇨🇦

    Probability of finding negative energy states in a hydrogen atom is decreased when the nucleus is extended. Reduced electron Compton wavelength is the characteristic size of the region around the nucleus where negative energy contributions to the wave function are sizeable.

    hep-phphysics.atom-phPoS(2022)·1 citation
11. 11*

    New strange pentaquarks

    Marek Karliner🇮🇱 · Jonathan R. Rosner🇺🇸

    The new strange pentaquarks observed by LHCb are very likely hadronic molecules consisting of ${\Xi }_c\bar{D}$ and ${\Xi }_c{\bar{D}}^{\ast }.$ We discuss the experimental evidence supporting this conclusion, pointing out the similarities and differences with the $P_c(4312)$, $P_c(4440)$ and $P_c(4457)$ pentaquarks in the non-strange sector. The latter clearly are hadronic molecules consisting of ${\Sigma }_c\bar{D}$ and ${\Sigma }_c{\bar{D}}^{\ast }.$ Following this line of thought, we predict three additional strange pentaquarks, consisting of ${\Xi }_c^{\prime }\bar{D}$ and ${\Xi }_c^{\prime }{\bar{D}}^{\ast }.$ The masses of these states are expected to be shifted upwards by $M({\Xi }_c^{\prime })-M({\Xi }_c)\approx 110$ MeV with respect to the corresponding known strange pentaquarks.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·48 citations
12. 12*

    Target normal single-spin asymmetry in inclusive electron-nucleon scattering with two-photon exchange: Analysis using $1/N_c$ expansion

    J. L. Goity🇺🇸 · C. Weiss🇺🇸 · C. T. Willemyns🇧🇪

    We calculate the target normal single-spin asymmetry caused by two-photon exchange in inclusive electron-nucleon scattering in the resonance region. Our analysis uses the $1/N_c$ expansion of low-energy QCD and combines $N$ and $\Delta$ intermediate and final states using the contracted $SU(4)$ spin-flavor symmetry. The normal spin asymmetry obtained in leading-order accuracy in $1/N_c$ has magnitude $\sim 10^{-2}$ and different sign in $ep$ and $en$ scattering. It can be measured in electron scattering at lab energies $\sim$ 0.5-1.5 GeV and provides a clean probe of two-photon exchange dynamics.

    hep-phnucl-thPLB(2022)·5 citations
13. 13*

    Parton distributions with scale uncertainties: a MonteCarlo sampling approach

    Zahari Kassabov🇬🇧 · Maria Ubiali🇬🇧 · Cameron Voisey🇬🇧

    We present the MCscales approach for incorporating scale uncertainties in parton distribution functions (PDFs). The new methodology builds on the Monte Carlo sampling for propagating experimental uncertainties into the PDF space that underlies the NNPDF approach, but it extends it to the space of factorisation and renomalisation scales. A prior probability is assigned to each scale combinations set in the theoretical predictions used to obtain each PDF replica in the Monte Carlo ensemble and a posterior probability is obtained by selecting replicas that satisfy fit-quality criteria. Our approach allows one to exactly match the scale variations in the PDFs with those in the computation of the partonic cross sections, thus accounting for the full correlations between the two. We illustrate the opportunities for phenomenological exploration made possible by our methodology for a variety of LHC observables. Sets of PDFs enriched with scale information are provided, along with a set of tools to use them.

    hep-phJHEP(2023)·40 citations
14. 14*

    Zero-jettiness beam functions at N${}^3$LO

    Arnd Behring🇩🇪

    The zero-jettiness beam functions describe collinear emissions from initial state legs and appear in the factorisation theorem for cross sections in the limit of small zero-jettiness. They are an important building block for slicing schemes for colour-singlet production at hadron colliders. We report on our ongoing calculation of this quantity at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N${}^3$LO) in QCD, highlighting in particular the aspects of partial fraction relations and the calculation of master integrals.

    hep-phPoS(2022)·0 citations
15. 15*

    Mixture-of-theories Training: Can We Find New Physics and Anomalies Better by Mixing Physical Theories?

    Sascha Caron🇳🇱 · Roberto Ruiz de Austri🇪🇸 · Zhongyi Zhang🇳🇱

    Model-independent search strategies have been increasingly proposed in recent years because on the one hand there has been no clear signal for new physics and on the other hand there is a lack of a highly probable and parameter-free extension of the standard model. For these reasons, there is no simple search target so far. In this work, we try to take a new direction and ask the question: bearing in mind that we have a large number of new physics theories that go beyond the Standard Model and may contain a grain of truth, can we improve our search strategy for unknown signals by using them "in combination"? In particular, we show that a signal hypothesis based on a large, intermingled set of many different theoretical signal models can be a superior approach to find an unknown BSM signal. Applied to a recent data challenge, we show that "mixture-of-theories training" outperforms strategies that optimize signal regions with a single BSM model as well as most unsupervised strategies. Applications of this work include anomaly detection and the definition of signal regions in the search for signals of new physics.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2023)·13 citations
16. 16*

    Hazma Meets HERWIG4DM: Precision Gamma-Ray, Neutrino, and Positron Spectra for Light Dark Matter

    Adam Coogan🇨🇦 · Logan Morrison🇺🇸 · Tilman Plehn🇩🇪 · Stefano Profumo🇺🇸 · Peter Reimitz🇧🇷

    We present a new open-source package, Hazma 2, that computes accurate spectra relevant for indirect dark matter searches for photon, neutrino, and positron production from vector-mediated dark matter annihilation and for spin-one dark matter decay. The tool bridges across the regimes of validity of two state of the art codes: Hazma 1, which provides an accurate description below hadronic resonances up to center-of-mass energies around 250 MeV, and HERWIG4DM, which is based on vector meson dominance and measured form factors, and accurate well into the few GeV range. The applicability of the combined code extends to approximately 1.5 GeV, above which the number of final state hadrons off of which we individually compute the photon, neutrino, and positron yield grows exceedingly rapidly. We provide example branching ratios, particle spectra and conservative observational constraints from existing gamma-ray data for the well-motivated cases of decaying dark photon dark matter and vector-mediated fermionic dark matter annihilation. Finally, we compare our results to other existing codes at the boundaries of their respective ranges of applicability. Hazma 2 is freely available on GitHub.

    hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEJCAP(2022)·15 citations
17. 17*

    Explaining anomalies of $B$-physics, muon $g-2$ and $W$ mass in $R$-parity violating MSSM with seesaw mechanism

    Min-Di Zheng🇨🇳 · Feng-Zhi Chen🇨🇳 · Hong-Hao Zhang🇨🇳

    The recent experimental results including $R_{K^{(\ast )}}$, $R_{D^{(\ast )}}$, $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ and $W$ mass show deviations from the standard model (SM) predictions, implying the clues of new physics (NP). In this work, we investigate the explanations of these anomalies in the $R$-parity violating minimal supersymmetric standard model (RPV-MSSM) extended with the inverse seesaw mechanism. The non-unitarity extent ${\eta }_{ee}$ and the loop corrections from the interaction ${\lambda }^{\prime }\hat{L}\hat{Q}\hat{D}$ are utilized to raise the prediction of $W$ mass through muon decays. We also find that the interaction ${\lambda }^{\prime }\hat{L}\hat{Q}\hat{D}$ involved with right-handed (RH)/singlet (s)neutrinos can explain the $R_{K^{(\ast )}}$ and $R_{D^{(\ast )}}$ anomalies simultaneously when considering nonzero ${\lambda }_{1jk}^{\prime }$. For nonzero ${\lambda }_{2jk}^{\prime }$, this model fulfills the whole $b\to s{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ fit but cannot be accordant with $R_{D^{(\ast )}}$ measurements. The explanations in both cases are also favored by $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ data, neutrino oscillation data and the relevant constraints we scrutinized. Furthermore, this model framework can be tested in future experiments covering, e.g., the predicted lepton flavor violations (LFV) at Belle II and the Future Circular Collider with $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ beams (FCC-ee), as well as the heavy neutrinos at future colliders.

    hep-phEPJC(2022)·12 citations
18. 18*

    Superradiance in Stars: Non-equilibrium approach to damping of fields in stellar media

    Francesca Chadha-Day🇬🇧 · Björn Garbrecht🇩🇪 · Jamie McDonald🇧🇪

    Superradiance in black holes is well-understood but a general treatment for superradiance in stars has until now been lacking. This is surprising given the ease with which we can observe isolated neutron stars and the array of signatures which would result from stellar superradiance. In this work, we present the first systematic pipeline for computing superradiance rates in rotating stars. Our method can be used with any Lagrangian describing the interaction between the superradiant field and the constituents of the star. Our scheme falls into two parts: firstly we show how field theory at finite density can be used to express the absorption of long wavelength modes into the star in terms of microphsyical scattering processes. This allows us to derive a damped equation of motion for the bosonic field. We then feed this into an effective theory for long wavelengths (the so-called worldline formalism) to describe the amplification of superradiant modes of arbitrary multipole moment for a rapidly rotating star. Our method places stellar superradiance on a firm theoretical footing and allows the calculation of the superradiance rate arising from any interaction between a bosonic field and stellar matter.

    hep-phastro-ph.SRgr-qcJCAP(2022)·20 citations
19. 19*

    Electroweak Corrections to the Charm-Top-Quark Contribution to ${ϵ}_K$

    Joachim Brod🇺🇸 · Sandra Kvedaraite🇺🇸 · Zachary Polonsky🇺🇸 · Ahmed Youssef🇺🇸

    We calculate the leading-logarithmic and next-to-leading-logarithmic electroweak corrections to the charm-top-quark contribution to the effective $|\Delta S|=2$ Lagrangian, relevant for the parameter ${ϵ}_K$. We find that these corrections lead to a $-0.5\%$ shift in the corresponding Wilson coefficient. Moreover, our calculation removes an implicit ambiguity in the standard-model prediction of ${ϵ}_K$, by fixing the renormalization scheme of the electroweak input parameters.

    hep-phJHEP(2022)·23 citations
20. 20*

    Dark Matter Axions in the Early Universe with a Period of Increasing Temperature

    Paola Arias🇨🇱 · Nicolás Bernal🇨🇴 · Jacek K. Osiński🇵🇱 · Leszek Roszkowski🇵🇱

    We consider the production of axion dark matter through the misalignment mechanism in the context of a nonstandard cosmological history involving early matter domination by a scalar field with a time-dependent decay rate. In cases where the temperature of the Universe experiences a temporary period of increase, Hubble friction can be restored in the evolution of the axion field, resulting in the possibility of up to three "crossings" of the axion mass and the Hubble expansion rate. This has the effect of dynamically resetting the misalignment mechanism to a new initial state for a second distinct phase of oscillation. The resultant axion mass required for the present dark matter relic density is never bigger than the standard-history window and can be smaller by more than three orders of magnitude, which can be probed by upcoming experiments such as ABRACADABRA, KLASH, ADMX, MADMAX, and ORGAN, targeting the axion-photon coupling. This highlights the possibility of exploring the cosmological history prior to Big Bang Nucleosynthesis through searches for axion dark matter beyond the standard window.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-exJCAP(2023)·25 citations
21. 21*

    Massive neutrino self-interactions and inflation

    Shouvik Roy Choudhury🇮🇳 · Steen Hannestad🇩🇰 · Thomas Tram🇩🇰

    Certain inflationary models like Natural inflation (NI) and Coleman-Weinberg inflation (CWI) are disfavoured by cosmological data in the standard $\Lambda \text{CDM}+r$ model (where $r$ is the scalar-to-tensor ratio), as these inflationary models predict the regions in the $n_s-r$ parameter space that are excluded by the cosmological data at more than 2$\sigma$ (here $n_s$ is the scalar spectral index). The same is true for single field inflationary models with an inflection point that can account for all or majority of dark matter in the form of PBHs (primordial black holes). Cosmological models incorporating strongly self-interacting neutrinos (with a heavy mediator) are, however, known to prefer lower $n_s$ values compared to the $\Lambda \mathrm{CDM}$ model. Considering such neutrino self-interactions can, thus, open up the parameter space to accommodate the above inflationary models. In this work, we implement the massive neutrino self-interactions with a heavy mediator in two different ways: flavour-universal (among all three neutrinos), and flavour-specific (involving only one neutrino species). We implement the new interaction in both scalar and tensor perturbation equations of neutrinos. Interestingly, we find that the current cosmological data can support the aforementioned inflationary models at 2$\sigma$ in the presence of such neutrino self-interactions.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2022)·49 citations
22. 22*

    Pantheon+ constraints on dark energy and modified gravity: An evidence of dynamical dark energy

    Deng Wang🇨🇳

    We use the latest Type Ia supernovae sample Pantheon+ to explore new physics on cosmic scales. Specifically, in light of this new sample, we constrain the interacting dark energy and Hu-Sawicki $f(R)$ gravity models and employ the model-independent Gaussian processes to investigate whether there is an evidence of dark energy evolution. We find that Pantheon+ alone just gives weak constraints. However, a data combination of Pantheon+ with cosmic microwave background, baryon acoustic oscillations and cosmic chronometers gives a strong constraint on the modified matter expansion rate $ϵ=0.048\pm 0.026$, which indicates that the momentum may transfer from dark energy to dark matter in the dark sector of the universe at the $1.85\sigma$ confidence level. In the meantime, we obtain a very tight constraint on the deviation from general relativity ${\log }_{10}{f}_{R0}<-6.32$ at the $2\sigma$ confidence level. Interestingly, when combining Pantheon+ with cosmic chronometers and cosmic microwave background data, we find a quintessence-like dark energy signal beyond the $2\sigma$ confidence level in the redshift range $z\in [0.70,1.05]$. This implies the nature of dark energy may actually be dynamical.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.HEgr-qchep-ph+1PRD(2022)·22 citations
23. 23*

    Transverse-momentum-dependent wave functions and Soft functions at one-loop in Large Momentum Effective Theory

    Zhi-Fu Deng🇨🇳 · Wei Wang🇨🇳 · Jun Zeng🇨🇳

    In large-momentum effective theory (LaMET), the transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) light-front wave functions and soft functions can be extracted from the simulation of a four-quark form factor and equal-time correlation functions. In this work, using expansion by regions we provide a one-loop proof of TMD factorization of the form factor. For the one-loop validation, we also present a detailed calculation of $\mathcal{O}({\alpha }_s)$ perturbative corrections to these quantities, in which we adopt a modern technique for the calculation of TMD form factor based the integration by part and differential equation. The one-loop hard functions are then extracted. Using lattice data from Lattice Parton Collaboration on quasi-TMDWFs, we estimate the effects from the one-loop matching kernel and find that the perturbative corrections depend on the operator to define the form factor, but are less sensitive to the transverse separation. These results will be helpful to precisely extract the soft functions and TMD wave functions from the first-principle in future.

    ↳ hep-thhep-lathep-phJHEP(2022)·45 citations
24. 24*

    The investigations of the $P$-wave $B_s$ states combining quark model and lattice QCD in the coupled channel framework

    Zhi Yang🇨🇳 · Guang-Juan Wang🇯🇵 · Jia-Jun Wu🇨🇳 · Makoto Oka🇯🇵 · Shi-Lin Zhu🇨🇳

    Combining the quark model, the quark-pair-creation mechanism and $B^{(\ast )}\bar{K}$ interaction, we have investigated the near-threshold $P$-wave $B_s$ states in the framework of the Hamiltonian effective field theory. With the heavy quark flavor symmetry, all the parameters are determined in the $D_s$ sector by fitting the lattice data. The masses of the bottom-strange partners of the $D_{s0}^{\ast }(2317)$ and $D_{s1}^{\ast }(2460)$ are predicted to be $M_{B_{s0}^{\ast }}=5730.2_{-1.5}^{+2.4}$ MeV and $M_{B_{s1}^{\ast }}=5769.6_{-1.6}^{+2.4}$ MeV, respectively, which are well consistent with the lattice QCD simulation. The two $P$-wave $B_s$ states are the mixtures of the bare $\bar{b}s$ core and $B^{(\ast )}\bar{K}$ component. Moreover, we find a crossing point between the energy levels with and without the interaction Hamiltonian in the finite volume spectrum in the $0^{+}$ case, which corresponds to a CDD (Castillejo-Dalitz-Dyson) zero in the $T$-matrix of the $B\bar{K}$ scattering. This CDD zero will help deepen the insights of the near-threshold states and can be examined by future lattice calculation.

    ↳ hep-lathep-exhep-phJHEP(2023)·18 citations
25. 25*

    Extreme Love in the SPA: constraining the tidal deformability of supermassive objects with extreme mass ratio inspirals and semi-analytical, frequency-domain waveforms

    Gabriel Andres Piovano🇮🇹 · Andrea Maselli🇮🇹 · Paolo Pani🇮🇹

    We estimate the accuracy in the measurement of the tidal Love number of a supermassive compact object through the detection of an extreme mass ratio inspiral~(EMRI) by the future LISA mission. A nonzero Love number would be a smoking gun for departures from the classical black hole prediction of General Relativity. We find that an EMRI detection by LISA could set constraints on the tidal Love number of a spinning central object with dimensionless spin $\hat{a}=0.9$ ($\hat{a}=0.99$) which are approximately four (six) orders of magnitude more stringent than what achievable with current ground-based detectors for stellar-mass binaries. Our approach is based on the stationary phase approximation to obtain approximate but accurate semi-analytical EMRI waveforms in the frequency-domain, which greatly speeds up high-precision Fisher-information matrix computations. This approach can be easily extended to several other tests of gravity with EMRIs and to efficiently account for multiple deviations in the waveform at the same time.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-phPRD(2023)·34 citations
26. 26*

    Snowmass Early Career: The Key Initiatives Organization

    Joshua Barrow🇺🇸 · Kristi L. Engel🇺🇸 · Tiffany R. Lewis🇺🇸 · Sara M. Simon🇺🇸 · Jorge Torres🇺🇸

    In April 2020, the 2019 and 2020 American Physical Society's Division of Particles and Fields (APS DPF) Early Career Executive Committee (ECEC) members were tasked with organizing the formation of a representative body for High-Energy Physics (HEP) early career members for the Snowmass process by the DPF Executive Committee. Here, we outline the structure we developed and the process we followed to help provide context and guidance for future early career Snowmass efforts. Our organization was composed of a cross-frontier branch with committees on Inreach, Diversity Equity and Inclusion, Survey, and Long Term Organizational Planning; in addition to the Frontier Coordination branch, formed by committees responsible for liaising with each Frontier. Throughout this document, the authors reflect on the triumphs and pitfalls of a program created from nothing over a very short period of time, by people with good intentions, who had no prior experience in building such an organization. Through this exercise of reflecting, we sometimes find that we would recommend a different path to our future selves. Insomuch as there are things to find fault with, it is in the robustness of the systems we built and refined.

    ↳ physics.soc-phhep-ph0 citations
27. 27*

    Measuring dark matter spikes around primordial black holes with Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer

    Philippa S. Cole🇳🇱 · Adam Coogan🇨🇦 · Bradley J. Kavanagh🇪🇸 · Gianfranco Bertone🇳🇱

    Future ground-based gravitational wave observatories will be ideal probes of the environments surrounding black holes with masses $1-10{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }$. Binary black hole mergers with mass ratios of order $q=m_2/m_1\lesssim 10^{-3}$ can remain in the frequency band of such detectors for months or years, enabling precision searches for modifications of their gravitational waveforms with respect to vacuum inspirals. As a concrete example of an environmental effect, we consider here a population of binary primordial black holes which are expected to be embedded in dense cold dark matter spikes. We provide a viable formation scenario for these systems compatible with all observational constraints, and predict upper and lower limits on the merger rates of small mass ratio pairs. Given a detected signal of one such system by either Einstein Telescope or Cosmic Explorer, we show that the properties of the binary and of the dark matter spike can be measured to excellent precision with one week's worth of data, if the effect of the dark matter spike on the waveform is taken into account. However, we show that there is a risk of biased parameter inference or missing the events entirely if the effect of the predicted dark matter overdensity around these objects is not properly accounted for.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRD(2023)·68 citations
28. 28*

    Lattice QCD and Particle Physics

    Andreas S. Kronfeld · Tanmoy Bhattacharya · Thomas Blum · Norman H. Christ · Carleton DeTar · William Detmold · Robert Edwards · Anna Hasenfratz · Huey-Wen Lin · Swagato Mukherjee · Konstantinos Orginos · Richard Brower and 70 other authors

    Contribution from the USQCD Collaboration to the Proceedings of the US Community Study on the Future of Particle Physics (Snowmass 2021).

    ↳ hep-lathep-exhep-ph55 citations
29. 29*

    Gusts in the Headwind: Uncertainties in Direct Dark Matter Detection

    Grace E. Lawrence🇦🇺 · Alan R. Duffy🇦🇺 · Chris A. Blake🇦🇺 · Philip F. Hopkins🇺🇸

    We use high-resolution, hydrodynamic, galaxy simulations from the Latte suite of FIRE-2 simulations to investigate the inherent variation of dark matter in sub-sampled regions around the Solar Circle of a Milky Way-type analogue galaxy and its impact on direct dark matter detection. These simulations show that the baryonic backreaction, as well as the assembly history of substructures, has lasting impacts on the dark matter's spatial and velocity distributions. These are experienced as 'gusts' of dark matter wind around the Solar Circle, potentially complicating interpretations of direct detection experiments on Earth. We find that the velocity distribution function in the galactocentric frame shows strong deviations from the Maxwell Boltzmann form typically assumed in the fiducial Standard Halo Model, indicating the presence of high-velocity substructures. By introducing a new numerical integration technique which removes any dependencies on the Standard Halo Model, we generate event-rate predictions for both single-element Germanium and compound Sodium Iodide detectors, and explore how the variability of dark matter around the Solar Circle influences annual modulation signal predictions. We find that these velocity substructures contribute additional astrophysical uncertainty to the interpretation of event rates, although their impact on summary statistics such as the peak day of annual modulation is generally low.

    ↳ astro-ph.GAastro-ph.COastro-ph.IMhep-phMNRAS(2023)·12 citations
30. 30*

    Massive Neutron Stars and White Dwarfs as Noncommutative Fuzzy Spheres

    Surajit Kalita (UCT)🇿🇦 · Banibrata Mukhopadhyay (IISc)🇮🇳

    Over the last couple of decades, there are direct and indirect evidences for massive compact objects than their conventional counterparts. A couple of such examples are super-Chandrasekhar white dwarfs and massive neutron stars. The observations of more than a dozen peculiar over-luminous type Ia supernovae predict their origins from super-Chandrasekhar white dwarf progenitors. On the other hand, recent gravitational wave detection and some pulsar observations argue for massive neutron stars, lying in the famous mass-gap between lowest astrophysical black hole and conventional highest neutron star masses. We show that the idea of a squashed fuzzy sphere, which brings in noncommutative geometry, can self-consistently explain either of the massive objects as if they are actually fuzzy or squashed fuzzy spheres. Noncommutative geometry is a branch of quantum gravity. If the above proposal is correct, it will provide observational evidences for noncommutativity.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEastro-ph.SRhep-phUniverse(2022)·1 citation
31. 31*

    Probabilistic picture for particle number densities in stretched tips of the branching Brownian motion

    Anh Dung Le🇫🇷 · Alfred H. Mueller🇺🇸 · Stéphane Munier🇫🇷

    In the framework of a stochastic picture for the one-dimensional branching Brownian motion, we compute the probability density of the number of particles near the rightmost one at a time $T$, that we take very large, when this extreme particle is conditioned to arrive at a predefined position $x_T$ chosen far ahead of its expected position $m_T$. We recover the previously-conjectured fact that the typical number density of particles a distance $\Delta$ to the left of the lead particle, when both $\Delta$ and $x_T-\Delta -m_T$ are large, is smaller than the mean number density by a factor proportional to $e^{-\zeta {\Delta }^{2/3}}$, where $\zeta$ is a constant that was so far undetermined. Our picture leads to an expression for the probability density of the particle number, from which a value for $\zeta$ may be inferred.

    ↳ cond-mat.stat-mechhep-phmath.PREPL(2022)·0 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.