Fri·Jul 8, 2022Friday·July 8, 2022

1. 01*

   Supersymmetry and Sum Rules in the Goldberger-Wise Model

   R. Sekhar Chivukula🇺🇸 · Elizabeth H. Simmons🇺🇸 · Xing Wang🇺🇸

   In this work we demonstrate that the mixed gravitational and scalar sectors of the five-dimensional Goldberger-Wise (GW) model, in which the size of a warped extra dimension is dynamically determined, has a "hidden" dual $N=2$ supersymmetric structure. This symmetry structure, a generalization of one found in the unstabilized Randall-Sundrum model, is a result of the spontaneously broken five-dimensional diffeomorphism invariance of the underlying gravitational theory. The supersymmetries relate the properties of the spin-1 and spin-0 modes "eaten" by the massive spin-2 Kaluza-Klein states of the theory to the mode functions of the spin-2 modes. Because the symmetries relate the couplings and masses of the massive spin-2 states to those of the tower of physical spin-0 states of the GW model, they enable us to analytically prove the sum rule relations which ensure the tree-level scattering amplitudes of the massive spin-2 states will grow no faster than $\mathcal{O}(s)$. The analysis given here also explains the unconventional forms of the spin-0 mode equation, boundary condition(s), and normalization found in the GW model.

   hep-phhep-thPRD(2022)·13 citations
2. 02*

   Conditions for global minimum in the A4 symmetric 3HDM

   Sergio Carrolo🇵🇹 · Jorge C. Romao🇵🇹 · Joao P. Silva🇵🇹

   There has been a great interest in three Higgs doublet models (3HDM) symmetric under an exact A4 symmetry. We provide the complete analytic necessary and sufficient conditions for a point to be the global minimum along the neutral directions in such models, discussing many of the subtleties involved. We also present a number of numerical examples, to highlight those issues. We then turn to the directions which break electric charge, presenting a safe analytical sufficient condition for bounded from below (BFB) potentials. Based on extensive numerical simulations, we discuss one conjecture on BFB along charge breaking directions.

   hep-phEPJC(2022)·13 citations
3. 03*

   Imprints of flavor anomalies on neutrino oscillations through dark matter halo

   Ashutosh Kumar Alok🇮🇳 · Neetu Raj Singh Chundawat🇮🇳 · Arindam Mandal🇮🇳

   In this work we study the impact of new physics, stimulated by flavor anomalies, on neutrino oscillations through dense dark matter halo. Inspired by a model where a Majorana dark matter fermion and two new scalar fields contribute to $b\to s{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ transition at the one loop level, we study the impact of neutrino-dark matter interaction on the oscillation patterns of ultra-high energy cosmic neutrinos passing through this muonphilic halo located near the center of Milky Way. We find that due to this interaction, the flavor ratios of neutrinos reaching earth would be different from that of vacuum oscillations. We also consider a $Z^{\prime }$ model driven by $L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }$ symmetry and containing a vector-like fermion as a dark matter candidate. It was previously shown that for such a model, the three flavors of neutrinos decouple from each other. This will render a flavor ratio similar to that of vacuum oscillations. Therefore, the interaction of neutrinos with dense dark matter halo can serve as an important tool to discriminate between flavor models with a dark connection.

   hep-phastro-ph.HENPB(2023)·1 citation
4. 04*

   Scope and limitations of a string theory dual description of the proton structure

   David Jorrin🇦🇷 · Martin Schvellinger🇦🇷

   Symmetric and antisymmetric structure functions from electromagnetic deep inelastic scattering of charged leptons off spin-1/2 hadrons are investigated in the framework of a top-down holographic dual description. We consider the BPST Pomeron, type IIB superstring theory scattering amplitudes, and type IIB supergravity on AdS${}_5\times S^5$. In all cases it is used the hard-wall prescription. Different kinematic regions of the Bjorken variable $x$, as well as the squared momentum of the virtual photon $Q^2$, are studied in detail for $F_2^P$ and $g_1^P$ structure functions of the proton. Also, the virtual Compton scattering asymmetry of the proton $A_1^P$ is investigated. Comparison with data from several experimental collaborations is presented. In addition, the holographic Pomeron leads to predictions for the mentioned observables for very small $x$ values. In particular, we present predictions for $g_1^P$ at $Q^2$ around 10 GeV${}^2$, for data expected to be measured in a future electron-ion collider. Limitations of this holographic dual approach are discussed.

   hep-phhep-thPRD(2022)·11 citations
5. 05*

   A Novel Experimental Search Channel for Very Light Higgses in the 2HDM Type I

   S. Moretti🇬🇧 · S. Semlali🇬🇧 · C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous🇬🇧

   We present a reinterpretation study of existing results from the CMS Collaboration, specifically, searches for light Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) Higgs pairs produced in the chain decay $pp\to H_{\mathrm{SM}}\to hh(aa)$ into a variety of final states, in the context of the CP-conserving 2-Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM) Type-I. Through this, we test the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) sensitivity to a possible new signature, $pp\to H_{\mathrm{SM}}\to ZA\to ZZh$, with $ZZ\to jj{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ and $h\to b\bar{b}$. We perform a systematic scan over the 2HDM Type-I parameter space, by taking into account all available theoretical and experimental constraints, in order to find a region with a potentially visible signal. We investigate the significance of it through a full Monte Carlo simulation down to the parametrised detector level. We show that such a signal is an alternative promising channel to standard four-body searches for light BSM Higgses at the LHC already with an integrated luminosity of $\mathcal{L}=300{\mathrm{fb}}^{-1}$. For a tenfold increase of the latter, discovery should be possible over most of the allowed parameter space.

   hep-phEPJC(2024)·6 citations
6. 06*

   gamma-UPC: Automated generation of exclusive photon-photon processes in ultraperipheral proton and nuclear collisions with varying form factors

   Hua-Sheng Shao🇫🇷 · David d'Enterria🇨🇭

   The automated generation of arbitrary exclusive final states produced via photon fusion in ultraperipheral high-energy collisions of protons and/or nuclei is implemented in the MadGraph5_aMC@NLO and HelacOnia Monte Carlo codes. Cross sections are calculated in the equivalent photon approximation using $\gamma$ fluxes derived from electric dipole and charge form factors, and incorporating hadronic survival probabilities. Multiple examples of $\gamma \gamma$ cross sections computed with this setup, named gamma-UPC, are presented for proton-proton, proton-nucleus, and nucleus-nucleus ultraperipheral collisions (UPCs) at the Large Hadron Collider and Future Circular Collider. Total photon-fusion cross sections for the exclusive production of spin-0,2 resonances (quarkonia, ditauonium, and Higgs boson; as well as axions and gravitons), and for pairs of particles ($J/\psi J/\psi$, WW, ZZ, Z$\gamma$, $t\bar{t}$, HH) are presented. Differential cross sections for exclusive dileptons and light-by-light scattering are compared to LHC data. This development paves the way for the upcoming automatic event generation of any UPC final state with electroweak corrections at next-to-leading-order accuracy and beyond.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thJHEP(2022)·100 citations
7. 07*

   Interpretation of the ${\Lambda }_c(2910{)}^{+}$ baryon newly seen by Belle Collaboration and its possible bottom partner

   K. Azizi🇮🇷 · Y. Sarac🇹🇷 · H. Sundu🇹🇷

   The developments in the experimental facilities and analyses techniques have recently lead to the observation of many hadronic states ranging from excitations of conventional hadrons to various exotic states. The baryons with single heavy quark are among these states providing an attractive field of research to get a better understanding of the nonperturbative nature of the strong interaction. Recently, the Belle Collaboration announced observation of the state ${\Lambda }_c(2910{)}^{+}$ with a mass $2913.8\pm 5.6\pm 3.8\mathrm{MeV}/c^2$ and width $51.8\pm 20.0\pm 18.8\mathrm{MeV}$. In the present study, by the mass analyses of different excitations at ${\Lambda }_c$ channel and their comparison with existing experimental information, we find that the spin-parity of this newly found excited state is $J^P={\frac{1}{2}}^{-}$ and it is a $2P$ state denoting by ${\Lambda }_c({\frac{1}{2}}^{-},2P)$. We predict its current coupling as well, which can be served as one of the main input parameters to investigate different decays and interactions of this particle. We also determine the mass and current coupling of ${\Lambda }_b({\frac{1}{2}}^{-},2P)$ as possible bottom counterpart of the new ${\Lambda }_c(2910{)}^{+}$ state, which may be in agenda of different experiments in near future.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latEPJC(2022)·12 citations
8. 08*

   Advancing Globular Cluster Constraints on the Axion-Photon Coupling

   Matthew J. Dolan🇦🇺 · Frederick J. Hiskens🇦🇺 · Raymond R. Volkas🇦🇺

   We improve the current upper bound on the axion-photon coupling derived from stellar evolution using the $R_2$ parameter, the ratio of stellar populations on the Asymptotic Giant Branch to Horizontal Branch in Globular Clusters. We compare this with data from simulations using the stellar evolution code MESA which include the effects of axion production. Particular attention is given to quantifying in detail the effects of uncertainties on the $R$ and $R_2$ parameters due to the modelling of convective core boundaries. Using a semiconvective mixing scheme we constrain the axion-photon coupling to be $g_{a\gamma \gamma }<0.47\times 10^{-10}{\mathrm{GeV}}^{-1}$. This rules out new regions of QCD axion and axion-like particle parameter space. Complementary evidence from asteroseismology suggests that this could improve to as much as $g_{a\gamma \gamma }<0.34\times 10^{-10}{\mathrm{GeV}}^{-1}$ as the uncertainties surrounding mixing across convective boundaries are better understood.

   hep-phastro-ph.SRJCAP(2022)·175 citations
9. 09*

   A Novel Solution to the Gravitino Problem

   Yu-Cheng Qiu🇨🇳 · S. -H. Henry Tye🇨🇳

   In a general phenomenological model with local supersymmetry, the amount of massive gravitinos produced in early universe tends to violate the known dark matter density bound by many orders of magnitude. In the brane world scenario in Type IIB string theory, we propose a novel way to evade this problem. There, the standard model of strong and electroweak interactions live inside the anti-$D3$-branes ($\overline{D3}$-branes) that span the 3 large spatial dimensions. Here, the "potential" Goldstino to be absorbed by the gravitino (to become massive) is the fermion component of the open string nilpotent superfield $X$ (i.e., $X^2=0$) which is present only inside the $\overline{D3}$-branes. This non-linear supergravity scenario offers 2 ways to solve the gravitino problem, with very different particle physics phenomenologies.

   hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2023)·3 citations
10. 10*

    Study of matter effects in the presence of sterile neutrino using OMSD approximation

    Kiran Sharma (IIT Bhilai)🇮🇳 · Sudhanwa Patra (IIT Bhilai)🇮🇳

    We discuss the transition and survival probabilities in $3+1$ neutrino flavor mixing scenario in presence of matter effects. We adopt the well-known OMSD(One Mass Scale Dominance) approximation to carry out our analysis. After that we perform series expansion about $\sin {\theta }_{13}$ term upto second order. We find that our results are consistent with the already existing $\alpha -\sin {\theta }_{13}$ approximated relations in the limit of vanishing $\alpha$ and phases involving sterile neutrinos. We also figure out that survival transition probability becomes independent of the fundamental and sterile CP phases under our formalism. Hence, it provides us a new way to look at only matter effects contribution to oscillation probability. Also, the transition probability at the same time gives an independent study of CP-violation arising from the sterile phases, in the vicinity of fundamental CP violation phase. We provide the relation for the atmospheric probability in the presence of matter by performing the series expansion upto linear order about parameter $A(=2EV)$, with V being the effective matter potential under OMSD approximation.

    hep-ph3 citations
11. 11*

    Improving methods and predictions at high-energy $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders within collinear factorisation

    V. Bertone🇫🇷 · M. Cacciari🇫🇷 · S. Frixione🇮🇹 · G. Stagnitto🇨🇭 · M. Zaro🇮🇹 · X. Zhao🇮🇹

    We illustrate how electron Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs) with next-to-leading collinear logarithmic accuracy must be employed in the context of perturbative predictions for high-energy $e^{+}{e}^{-}$-collision processes. In particular, we discuss how the renormalisation group equation evolution of such PDFs is affected by the presence of multiple fermion families and their respective mass thresholds, and by the dependences on the choices of the factorisation and renormalisation schemes. We study the impact of the uncertainties associated with the PDFs on physical cross sections, in order to arrive at realistic precision estimates for observables computed with collinear-factorisation formulae. We do so by presenting results for the production of a heavy neutral object as well as for $t\bar{t}$ and $W^{+}{W}^{-}$ pairs, including next-to-leading-order effects of electroweak origin.

    hep-phJHEP(2022)·41 citations
12. 12*

    Systematic study of hadrons and their quark-component nuclear modification factors

    An-Ke Lei🇨🇳 · Dai-Mei Zhou🇨🇳 · Yu-Liang Yan🇨🇳 · Du-Juan Wang🇨🇳 · Xiao-Mei Li🇨🇳 · Gang Chen🇨🇳 · Xu Cai🇨🇳 · Ben-Hao Sa🇨🇳

    We have systematically studied the connection between hadron and its quark component nuclear modification factors and the flavor (mass) ordering at both parton and hadron levels in the nucleus-nucleus collisions at the LHC energies by the PACIAE model. It turns out that these two physical phenomena explored in our last publication (J. Phys. G 49 065104, 2022) are generally held, irrespective of the rapidity, centrality, reaction energy, and the collision system size. The mass ordering at hadron level in nuclear modification factor seems to be really existed, which should be studied further both theoretically and experimentally.

    hep-phPRC(2023)·1 citation
13. 13*

    Predicting leptonic CP violation via minimization of neutrino entanglement

    Gonçalo M. Quinta🇵🇹 · Alexandre Sousa🇺🇸 · Yasser Omar🇵🇹

    We show how a minimization principle of quantum entanglement between the oscillating flavors of a neutrino leads to a unique prediction for the CP-violation phase in the neutrino sector without assuming extra symmetries in the Standard Model. We find a theoretical prediction consistent with either no CP-violation or a very small presence of it.

    hep-phhep-thquant-ph11 citations
14. 14*

    Probe of axion-like particles in vector boson scattering at a muon collider

    S.C. İnan🇹🇷 · A.V. Kisselev🇹🇷

    We have examined the sensitivity to the axion-like particle (ALP) couplings to electroweak gauge bosons in the diphoton production at a future muon collider. The collisions at the ${\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ energies of 3 TeV, 14 TeV, and 100 TeV are addressed. The differential cross sections versus the invariant mass of the final photons and total cross section versus minimal diphoton invariant mass are presented. We have derived the exclusion regions for the ALP-gauge boson coupling. The obtained bounds are much stronger than the current experimental bounds in the ALP mass region 10 GeV -- 10 TeV. The partial-wave unitarity constraints on the ALP-gauge boson coupling are estimated. We have shown that the unitarity is not violated in the region of the ALP coupling studied in the present paper.

    hep-phhep-exJ.Phys.G(2023)·17 citations
15. 15*

    Small-x Evolution of the Gluon Generalized Parton Distribution Eg of the Nucleon

    Yoshitaka Hatta🇺🇸 · Jian Zhou🇨🇳

    We study the small-$x$ evolution equation for the gluon generalized parton distribution (GPD) $E_g$ of the nucleon. It is shown that $E_g$ at vanishing skewness exhibits the Regge behavior identical to the BFKL Pomeron, despite its association with nucleon helicity-flip processes. We also consider the effect of gluon saturation and demonstrate that $E_g$ gets saturated in the same way as its helicity-nonflip counterpart $H_g$. Our result has a direct impact on the modeling of $E_g$ as well as the small-$x$ contribution to nucleon spin sum rules.

    hep-phPRL(2022)·24 citations
16. 16*

    Standard Model predictions for Lepton Flavour Universality ratios of inclusive semileptonic $B$ decays

    Muslem Rahimi🇩🇪 · K. Keri Vos🇳🇱

    We present Standard Model predictions for lepton flavour universality ratios of inclusive $B\to X_{(c)}\ell {\bar{\nu }}_{\ell }$. For the $\ell =\mu ,e$, these ratios are very close to unity as expected. For the $\tau$ mode, we update the SM prediction for the branching ratio including power-corrections in the heavy-quark expansion up to $1/m_b^3$. These inclusive ratios serve as an important cross-check of the exclusive $B\to D^{(\ast )}\ell {\bar{\nu }}_{\ell }$ modes, in which tensions exists between the predictions and measurements in those modes.

    hep-phJHEP(2022)·35 citations
17. 17*

    Radiative corrections to the forward-backward asymmetry in $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$

    Gilberto Colangelo🇨🇭 · Martin Hoferichter🇨🇭 · Joachim Monnard🇨🇭 · Jacobo Ruiz de Elvira🇪🇸

    We present a calculation of the $C$-odd radiative corrections to $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ in a dispersive formalism, concentrating on the leading pion-pole contribution in the virtual box diagrams. In particular, we show how the effect of a general pion vector form factor in the loop integral can be incorporated in a model-independent way and how the cancellation of infrared singularities proceeds in this case. The numerical results, dominated by the infrared enhanced contributions, indicate significant corrections beyond scalar QED, essentially confirming recent findings in generalized vector-meson-dominance models.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-thJHEP(2022)·49 citations
18. 18*

    Three-loop helicity amplitudes for quark-gluon scattering in QCD

    Fabrizio Caola🇬🇧 · Amlan Chakraborty🇺🇸 · Giulio Gambuti🇬🇧 · Andreas von Manteuffel🇺🇸 · Lorenzo Tancredi🇩🇪

    We compute the three-loop helicity amplitudes for $q\bar{q}\to gg$ and its crossed partonic channels, in massless QCD. Our analytical results provide a non-trivial check of the color quadrupole contribution to the infrared poles for external states in different color representations. At high energies, the $qg\to qg$ amplitude shows the predicted factorized form from Regge theory and confirms previous results for the gluon Regge trajectory extracted from $q{q}^{\prime }\to q{q}^{\prime }$ and $gg\to gg$ scattering.

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2022)·43 citations
19. 19*

    Boost-invariant superfluid flows

    Ronnie Rodgers🇸🇪 · Javier G. Subils🇸🇪

    We present some exact solutions to the ideal hydrodynamics of a relativistic superfluid with an almost-conformal equation of state. The solutions have stress tensors which are invariant under Lorentz boosts in one direction, and represent superfluid generalisations of the Bjorken and Gubser flows. We also study corrections to the flows in first-order hydrodynamics, arguing that dissipation is dominated by the shear viscosity. We present some simple numerical solutions for these viscous corrections. Finally, we estimate the size of corrections to the flows arising when the spontaneously broken $\mathrm{U}(1)$ symmetry responsible for superfluidity is only approximate, giving the corresponding Goldstone boson a small non-zero mass. We find that the massless solutions can still provide good approximations at sufficiently small spatial rapidities.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phnucl-thJHEP(2022)·2 citations
20. 20*

    Motion induced excitation and electromagnetic radiation from an atom facing a thin mirror

    César D. Fosco🇦🇷 · Fernando C. Lombardo🇦🇷 · Francisco D. Mazzitelli🇦🇷

    We evaluate the probability of (de-)excitation and photon emission from a neutral, moving, non-relativistic atom, coupled to the quantum electromagnetic field and in the presence of a thin, perfectly conducting plane ("mirror"). These results extend, to a more realistic model, the ones we had presented for a scalar model, where the would-be electron was described by a scalar variable, coupled to an (also scalar) vacuum field. The latter was subjected to either Dirichlet or Neumann conditions on a plane. In our evaluation of the spontaneous emission rate produced when the accelerated atom is initially in an excited state, we pay attention to its comparison with the somewhat opposite situation, namely, an atom at rest facing a moving mirror.

    ↳ quant-phcond-mat.otherhep-phPRD(2022)·2 citations
21. 21*

    Investigating the Compton amplitude subtraction function in lattice QCD

    Alec Hannaford-Gunn🇦🇺 · Edward Sankey🇦🇺 · Kadir Utku Can🇦🇺 · Roger Horsley🇬🇧 · Holger Perlt🇩🇪 · Paul E. L. Rakow🇬🇧 · Gerrit Schierholz🇩🇪 · Kim Somfleth🇦🇺 · Hinnerk Stüben🇩🇪 · Ross D. Young🇦🇺 · James M. Zanotti🇦🇺

    Theoretical predictions of the proton--neutron mass difference and measurements of the proton's charge radius require inputs from the Compton amplitude subtraction function. Model-dependent and non-relativistic calculations of this subtraction function vary significantly, and hence it contributes sizeable uncertainties to the aforementioned physical quantities. We report on the use of Feynman-Hellmann methods in lattice QCD to calculate the subtraction function from first principles. In particular, our initial results show anomalous high-energy behaviour that is at odds with the prediction from the operator product expansion (OPE). Therefore, we investigate the possibility that this unexpected behaviour is due to lattice artifacts, by varying the lattice spacing and volume, and comparing different discretisations of the vector current. Finally, we explore a Feynman-Hellmann implementation that is less sensitive to short-distance contributions and show that the subtraction function's anomalous behaviour can be attributed to these short-distance contributions. As such, this work represents the first steps in achieving a complete understanding of the Compton amplitude subtraction function.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phnucl-thPoS(2022)·8 citations
22. 22*

    Observation of $\Omega (2012{)}^{-}\to \Xi (1530)\bar{K}$ and measurement of the effective couplings of $\Omega (2012{)}^{-}$ to $\Xi (1530)\bar{K}$ and $\Xi \bar{K}$

    Belle Collaboration: S. Jia · C. P. Shen · C. Z. Yuan · J. K. Ahn · H. Aihara · D. M. Asner · H. Atmacan · R. Ayad · S. Bahinipati · Sw. Banerjee · J. Bennett · M. Bessner and 107 other authors

    Using ${\rm Y}(1S)$, ${\rm Y}(2S)$, and ${\rm Y}(3S)$ data collected by the Belle detector, we discover a new three-body decay, $\Omega (2012{)}^{-}\to \Xi (1530)\bar{K}\to \Xi \pi \bar{K}$, with a significance of 5.2~$\sigma$. The mass of the $\Omega (2012{)}^{-}$ is $(2012.5\pm 0.7\pm 0.5)$ MeV and its effective couplings to $\Xi (1530)\bar{K}$ and $\Xi \bar{K}$ are $(39_{-39}^{+31}\pm 9)\times 10^{-2}$ and $(1.7\pm 0.3\pm 0.3)\times 10^{-2}$, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. The ratio of the branching fraction for the three-body decay to that for the two-body decay to $\Xi \bar{K}$ is $0.99\pm 0.26\pm 0.06$, assuming isospin symmetry.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phPLB(2025)·34 citations
23. 23*

    Probing dark matter interactions with 21cm observations

    Markus R. Mosbech🇦🇺 · Celine Boehm🇦🇺 · Yvonne Y. Y. Wong🇦🇺

    Similarly to warm dark matter which features a cut-off in the matter power spectrum due to free-streaming, many interacting dark matter models predict a suppression of the matter power spectrum on small length scales through collisional damping. Forecasts for 21cm line intensity mapping have shown that an instrument like the SKA will be able to probe a suppression of power in warm dark matter scenarios in a statistically significant way. Here we investigate the implications of these findings on interacting dark matter scenarios, particularly dark matter-neutrino interactions, which we use as an example. Using a suite of cosmological $N$-body simulations, we demonstrate that interacting scenarios show a suppression of the non-linear power spectrum similar to warm dark matter models. This implies that 21cm line intensity mapping will be able to set the strongest limits yet on dark matter-neutrino scattering, improving the constraints by two orders of magnitude over current Lyman-$\alpha$ bounds, and by four orders of magnitude over cosmic microwave background and baryon acoustic oscillations limits. However, to distinguish between warm dark matter and interacting scenarios, our simulations show that percent-level precision measurements of the matter power spectrum at redshifts $z\gtrsim 15$ are necessary, as the key features of interacting scenarios are washed out by non-linear evolution at later times.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2023)·24 citations
24. 24*

    Small Field models with ACTPol and BICEP3 data -- Likelihood analysis

    Ira Wolfson🇮🇹 · Utkarsh Kumar🇮🇱 · Ido Ben-Dayan🇮🇱 · Ram Brustein🇮🇱

    We perform a Bayesian analysis for small field models of inflation, using the most recent datasets produced by Planck`18, ACTPol, and BICEP3. We employ Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to perform analyses with model coefficients, instead of their proxy slow-roll parameters. The ANN connects the models with their projected scalar index $n_s$ and index running $\alpha$, in lieu of the less accurate Lyth-Riotto expressions. We recover the most likely coefficients for a sixth degree polynomial inflationary potential, which yields a tensor-to-scalar ratio $r\lesssim 0.03$. We do so for the case of joint Planck and ACTPol datasets, and for each dataset alone. The BICEP3 data is included in all three analyses. We show that these models are likely, with coefficients that are tuned to about $\Delta \gtrsim 1/60$. Curiously, we also find a significant tension between ACTPol and Planck datasets, which we try to account for.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.IMhep-ph1 citation
25. 25*

    The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: The Persistence of Neutrino Self-Interaction in Cosmological Measurements

    Christina D. Kreisch🇺🇸 · Minsu Park🇺🇸 · Erminia Calabrese🇬🇧 · Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine🇺🇸 · Rui An🇺🇸 · J. Richard Bond🇨🇦 · Olivier Dore🇺🇸 · Jo Dunkley🇺🇸 · Patricio Gallardo🇺🇸 · Vera Gluscevic🇺🇸 · J. Colin Hill🇺🇸 · Adam D. Hincks🇨🇦 and 12 other authors

    We use data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) DR4 to search for the presence of neutrino self-interaction in the cosmic microwave background. Consistent with prior works, the posterior distributions we find are bimodal, with one mode consistent with $\Lambda$CDM and one where neutrinos strongly self-interact. By combining ACT data with large-scale information from WMAP, we find that a delayed onset of neutrino free streaming caused by significantly strong neutrino self-interaction is compatible with these data at the $2-3\sigma$ level. As seen in the past, the preference shifts to $\Lambda$CDM with the inclusion of Planck data. We determine that the preference for strong neutrino self-interaction is largely driven by angular scales corresponding to $700\lesssim \ell \lesssim 1000$ in the ACT E-mode polarization data. This region is expected to be key to discriminate between neutrino self-interacting modes and will soon be probed with more sensitive data.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phPRD(2024)·43 citations
26. 26*

    Structure formation during phase transitions in strongly interacting matter

    D. N. Voskresensky🇷🇺

    A broad range of problems associated with phase transitions in systems characterized by the strong interaction between particles and with formation of structures is reviewed. A general phenomenological mean-field model is constructed describing phase transitions of the first and the second order to the $k_0=0$ and ${\vec{k}}_0\ne 0$ states. Due to fluctuations, the phase transition to the state ${\vec{k}}_0\ne 0$ is the transition of the first order. Various specific features of the phase transitions to the state ${\vec{k}}_0\ne 0$ are considered such as the anisotropic spectrum of excitations, a possibility of the formation of various structures including running and standing waves, three-axis structures, chiral waves, pasta phases, etc. A formal transition to hydrodynamical variables is performed. Then focus is made on description of the dynamics of the order parameter at the phase transitions to the states with ${\vec{k}}_0=0$ and ${\vec{k}}_0\ne 0$. Next the non-ideal hydrodynamical description of the phase transitions of the liquid-gas type in nuclear systems is performed. Quasiperiodic structures are developed. Next, pion condensation phase transition to the ${\vec{k}}_0\ne 0$ state in dense, cold or warm nuclear matter is considered and then the high temperature -- small baryon chemical potential system is studied, when baryons become completely blurred and light bosons, e.g., pions, may condense either in ${\vec{k}}_0=0$ or ${\vec{k}}_0\ne 0$ states. Then, for scalar collective modes phenomena of the Pomeranchuk instability and the Bose condensation in ${\vec{k}}_0=0$ or ${\vec{k}}_0\ne 0$ states are studied. Next, possibility of the condensation of Bose excitations in the ${\vec{k}}_0\ne 0$ state in moving media is considered. Then Bose-Einstein condensation of pions at dynamically fixed number of particles is studied and specific non-equilibrium effects are demonstrated on an example.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPPNP(2023)·14 citations
27. 27*

    Beyond the Standard Model with BlackHawk v2.0

    Jérémy Auffinger🇫🇷 · Alexandre Arbey🇫🇷

    We present the new version of BlackHawk v2.0. BlackHawk is a public code designed to compute the Hawking radiation spectra of (primordial) black holes. In the version 2.0, we have added several non-standard BH metrics: charged, higher dimensional and polymerized black holes, in addition to the usual rotating (Kerr) BHs. BlackHawk also embeds some additional scripts and numerical tables that can prove useful in e.g. dark matter studies. We describe these new features and provide some examples of the capabilities of the code. A tutorial for BlackHawk is available on the TOOLS2021 website: https://indico.cern.ch/event/1076291/contributions/4609967/

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phPoS(2022)·7 citations
28. 28*

    Bayesian Inference of the Symmetry Energy and the Neutron Skin in ${}^{48}$Ca and ${}^{208}$Pb from CREX and PREX-2

    Zhen Zhang🇨🇳 · Lie-Wen Chen🇨🇳

    Using the recent model-independent determination of the charge-weak form factor difference $\Delta F_{\mathrm{CW}}$ in ${}^{48}$Ca and ${}^{208}$Pb by the CREX and PREX-2 collaborations together with some well-determined properties of doubly magic nuclei, we perform Bayesian inference of the symmetry energy $E_{\mathrm{sym}}(\rho )$ and the neutron skin thickness $\Delta r_{\mathrm{np}}$ of ${}^{48}$Ca and ${}^{208}$Pb within the Skyrme energy density functional (EDF). We find the inferred $E_{\mathrm{sym}}(\rho )$ and $\Delta r_{\mathrm{np}}$ separately from CREX and PREX-2 are compatible with each other at $90\%$ C.L., although they are inconsistent at $68.3\%$ C.L. with CREX (PREX-2) favoring a very soft (stiff) $E_{\mathrm{sym}}(\rho )$ and rather small (large) $\Delta r_{\mathrm{np}}$. By combining the CREX and PREX-2 data, we obtain a soft symmetry energy around saturation density ${\rho }_0$ and thinner $\Delta r_{\mathrm{np}}$ of ${}^{48}$Ca and ${}^{208}$Pb, which are found to be closer to the corresponding results from CREX alone, implying the PREX-2 is less effective to constrain the $E_{\mathrm{sym}}(\rho )$ and $\Delta r_{\mathrm{np}}$ due to its lower precision of $\Delta F_{\mathrm{CW}}$. Furthermore, we find the Skyrme EDF results inferred by combining the CREX and PREX-2 data nicely agree with the measured dipole polarizabilities ${\alpha }_D$ in ${}^{48}$Ca and ${}^{208}$Pb as well as the neutron matter equation of state from microscopic calculations. The implications of the inferred soft $E_{\mathrm{sym}}(\rho )$ around ${\rho }_0$ are discussed.

    ↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEhep-phnucl-exPRC(2023)·91 citations
29. 29*

    The isovector axial form factor of the nucleon from lattice QCD

    Dalibor Djukanovic🇩🇪 · Georg von Hippel🇩🇪 · Jonna Koponen🇩🇪 · Harvey B. Meyer🇩🇪 · Konstantin Ottnad🇩🇪 · Tobias Schulz🇩🇪 · Hartmut Wittig🇩🇪

    The isovector axial form factor of the nucleon plays a key role in interpreting data from long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments. We perform a lattice-QCD based calculation of this form factor, introducing a new method to directly extract its $z$-expansion from lattice correlators. Our final parametrization of the form factor, which extends up to spacelike virtualities of $0.7{\mathrm{GeV}}^2$ with fully quantified uncertainties, agrees with previous lattice calculations but is significantly less steep than neutrino-deuterium scattering data suggests.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPRD(2022)·76 citations
30. 30*

    On kinetic theories with color and spin from amplitudes

    Leonardo de la Cruz🇮🇹

    We extend a previously developed approach to relate thermal currents in the high temperature regime and classical limits of amplitudes. We consider the bi-adjoint scalar theory, which has the basic structure of a cubic theory and which is related to QCD and gravity through the double copy. In addition, we consider a generalization of scalar QED to model classical spin, where massive scalars are complex higher-spin fields. We derive Vlasov-type kinetic equations for bi-adjoint scalars and study their iterative solutions, while for QED we use well-known kinetic equations. In both cases we find consistency between these solutions and the amplitude-like approach.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phPRD(2022)·4 citations
31. 31*

    Simulating one-dimensional quantum chromodynamics on a quantum computer: Real-time evolutions of tetra- and pentaquarks

    Yasar Y. Atas🇨🇦 · Jan F. Haase🇨🇦 · Jinglei Zhang🇨🇦 · Victor Wei🇨🇦 · Sieglinde M.-L. Pfaendler🇩🇪 · Randy Lewis🇨🇦 · Christine A. Muschik🇨🇦

    Quantum chromodynamics - the theory of quarks and gluons - has been known for decades, but it is yet to be fully understood. A recent example is the prediction and experimental discovery of tetraquarks, that opened a new research field. Crucially, numerous unsolved questions of the standard model can exclusively be addressed by nonperturbative calculations. Quantum computers can solve problems for which well established QCD methods are inapplicable, such as real-time evolution. We take a key step in exploring this possibility by performing a real-time evolution of tetraquark and pentaquark physics in one-dimensional SU(3) gauge theory on a superconducting quantum computer. Our experiment represents a first quantum computation involving quarks with three colour degrees of freedom, i.e. with the gauge group of QCD.

    ↳ quant-phhep-lathep-phPRResearch(2023)·129 citations
32. 32*

    A Step in Understanding the $S_8$ Tension

    Melissa Joseph🇺🇸 · Daniel Aloni🇺🇸 · Martin Schmaltz🇺🇸 · Eashwar N. Sivarajan🇺🇸 · Neal Weiner🇺🇸

    Models of dark sectors with a mass threshold can have important cosmological signatures. If, in the era prior to recombination, a relativistic species becomes nonrelativistic and is then depopulated in equilibrium, there can be measurable impacts on the cosmic microwave background as the entropy is transferred to lighter relativistic particles. In particular, if this ``step'' occurs near $z\sim 20,000$, the model can naturally accommodate larger values of $H_0$. If this stepped radiation is additionally coupled to dark matter, there can be a meaningful impact on the matter power spectrum as dark matter can be coupled via a species that becomes nonrelativistic and depleted. This can naturally lead to suppressed power at scales inside the sound horizon before the step, while leaving conventional cold dark matter signatures for power outside the sound horizon. We study these effects and show such models can naturally provide lower values of $S_8$ than scenarios without a step. This suggests these models may provide an interesting framework to address the $S_8$ tension, both in concert with the $H_0$ tension and without.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phPRD(2023)·80 citations
33. 33*

    $\kappa$-deformed complex fields, (discrete) symmetries, and charges

    Andrea Bevilacqua🇵🇱

    We will briefly describe how to build a field theory of a complex scalar field in the $\kappa$-Minkowski spacetime. After introducing the action, we will shortly describe its properties under both continuous and deformed symmetry transformations. We will then describe how to compute the charges and describe their non-trivial properties due to $\kappa$-deformation. We will conclude with the experimental significance of the model, particularly in the context of decay probability differences between particles and antiparticles.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-ph0 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.