Thu·Jun 16, 2022Thursday·June 16, 2022

1. 01*

   Dipole-Coupled Neutrissimo Explanations of the MiniBooNE Excess Including Constraints from MINERvA Data

   Nicholas W. Kamp🇺🇸 · Matheus Hostert🇨🇦 · Austin Schneider🇺🇸 · Stefano Vergani🇬🇧 · Carlos A. Argüelles🇺🇸 · Janet M. Conrad🇺🇸 · Michael H. Shaevitz🇺🇸 · Melissa A. Uchida🇬🇧

   We revisit models of heavy neutral leptons (neutrissimos) with transition magnetic moments as explanations of the $4.8\sigma$ excess of electron-like events at MiniBooNE. We perform a detailed Monte Carlo-based analysis to re-examine the preferred regions in the model parameter space to explain MiniBooNE, considering also potential contributions from oscillations due to an eV-scale sterile neutrino. We then derive robust constraints on the model using neutrino-electron elastic scattering data from MINERvA. We find that MINERvA rules out a large region of parameter space, but allowed solutions exist at the $2\sigma$ confidence level. A dedicated MINERvA analysis would likely be able to probe the entire region of preference of MiniBooNE in this model.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2023)·33 citations
2. 02*

   Parton model description of quark and antiquark correlators and TMDs

   Fatma Aslan🇺🇸 · Saman Bastami🇺🇸 · Peter Schweitzer🇺🇸

   Model studies play an important role for the understanding and elucidation of the nonperturbative properties of transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs). The parton model is often a helpful framework and starting point for first explorations of TMD properties and the description of deep-inelastic processes in which TMDs can be accessed. Based on a systematic exploration of the parton model concept, we reconcile the claims in literature that there are 2 independent structures in the quark correlator in the parton model vs the claim that there are 3, and explain the underlying assumptions leading to the different conclusions. We also systematically explore the antiquark correlator and, to the best of our knowledge, for the first time derive the model expressions for all T-even leading and subleading antiquark TMDs. We demonstrate the consistency of the framework which can be generalized in future studies for more sophisticated TMD modelling.

   hep-phNPB(2022)·3 citations
3. 03*

   The partonic origin of multiplicity scaling in heavy and light flavor jets

   Zoltán Varga🇭🇺 · Róbert Vértesi🇭🇺

   It has recently been shown that a KNO-like scaling is fulfilled inside the jets, which indicates that the KNO scaling is violated by complex vacuum-QCD processes outside the jet development, such as single and double parton scattering or softer multiple-parton interactions. In the current work we investigated the scaling properties of heavy-flavor jets using Monte-Carlo simulations. We found that while jets from leading-order flavor-creation processes exhibit a flavor-dependent pattern, heavy-flavor jets from production in the parton shower follow the inclusive-jet pattern. This suggests that the KNO-like scaling is driven by initial hard parton production and not by processes in the later stages of the reaction.

   hep-phSymmetry(2022)·3 citations
4. 04*

   Precision studies of quantum electrodynamics at future $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders

   J. Alcaraz Maestre🇪🇸

   We classify the possible deviations from the Standard Model in the QED-dominated ${\mathrm{e}}^{+}{\mathrm{e}}^{-}\to \gamma \gamma$ process under the assumption of a preserved $SU(2{)}_L\times U(1{)}_Y$ symmetry. We find that the only deviations really observable in practice correspond to a correction of the differential cross section by a factor $(1+\frac{c_8{s}^2}{8\pi \alpha {\Lambda }^4}{\sin }^2\theta )$, where $\Lambda$ is the scale of new physics, $\theta$ is the polar angle of any of the final state photons and $c_8$ is a constant of order 1. We also provide sensitivity estimates for QED deviations at future ${\mathrm{e}}^{+}{\mathrm{e}}^{-}$ facilities. An ${\mathrm{e}}^{+}{\mathrm{e}}^{-}$ collider operating at $\sqrt{s}=3$ TeV could provide sensitivity to $\Lambda$ scales as large as 15 TeV, provided that acceptances and efficiencies are controlled at the per mille level. Finally, we also discuss the possibility of a measurement of the luminosity at the FCC-ee with $\lesssim 10^{-4}$ precision, using analyses of the ${\mathrm{e}}^{+}{\mathrm{e}}^{-}\to \gamma \gamma$ process at $\sqrt{s}\approx m_{\mathrm{Z}}$ energies.

   hep-phhep-ex4 citations
5. 05*

   Unpolarized Transverse Momentum Distributions from a global fit of Drell-Yan and Semi-Inclusive Deep-Inelastic Scattering data

   Alessandro Bacchetta🇮🇹 · Valerio Bertone🇫🇷 · Chiara Bissolotti🇮🇹 · Giuseppe Bozzi🇮🇹 · Matteo Cerutti🇮🇹 · Fulvio Piacenza🇮🇹 · Marco Radici🇮🇹 · Andrea Signori🇮🇹

   We present an extraction of unpolarized transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution and fragmentation functions based on more than two thousands data points from several experiments for two different processes: semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering and Drell-Yan production of lepton pairs. The baseline analysis is performed with a Monte Carlo replica method resumming large logarithms at N3LL accuracy. The resulting description of the data is very good (${\chi }^2/N_{\mathrm{dat}}=1.06$). For semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering, predictions for multiplicities are normalized by factors that cure the discrepancy with data introduced by higher-order perturbative corrections.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-thJHEP(2022)·197 citations
6. 06*

   Weak dipole moments of heavy fermions with flavor violation induced by $Z^{\prime }$ gauge bosons

   J. Montano-Dominguez🇲🇽 · B. Quezadas-Vivian🇲🇽 · F. Ramirez-Zavaleta🇲🇽 · E. S. Tututi🇲🇽

   A calculation of weak dipole moments of charged fermions of the Standard Model (SM) at the one-loop level, in the context of a general effective extended neutral current model with flavor changing $Z^{\prime }{f}_i{\bar{f}}_j$ vertices, is presented. We give numerical predictions for the anomalous weak magnetic dipole moment (AWMDM) $a_{fi}^w$, and the weak electric dipole moment (WEDM) $d_{f_i}^w$, for the $\tau$ lepton and $t$ quark. For several $Z^{\prime }$ gauge bosons considered, we find that, for the $\tau$ lepton, the best prediction for the real part of $a_{\tau }^w$ is of the order of $10^{-9}$, while the imaginary part is four orders of magnitude below. The highest value for the WEDM, $d_{\tau }^w$, corresponds to $10^{-26}$ $e$-cm, for its real part, and the imaginary part is three orders of magnitude below. On the other hand, we found for the top quark, that the best prediction for the real part of $a_t^w$ is of the order of $10^{-7}$ and its imaginary part is of the order of $10^{-11}$. We also found that $d_t^w$ is of the order of $10^{-26}$ $e$-cm for its real part, and its imaginary part can be as high as $10^{-31}$ $e$-cm.

   hep-phJ.Phys.G(2022)·4 citations
7. 07*

   A Stimulating Explanation of the Extragalactic Radio Background

   Andrea Caputo🇮🇱 · Hongwan Liu🇺🇸 · Siddharth Mishra-Sharma🇺🇸 · Maxim Pospelov🇺🇸 · Joshua T. Ruderman🇺🇸

   Despite an intense theoretical and experimental effort over the past decade, observations of the extragalactic radio background at multiple frequencies below 10 GHz are not understood in terms of known radio sources, and may represent a sign of new physics. In this Letter we identify a new class of dark sector models with feebly interacting particles, where dark photons oscillate into ordinary photons that contribute to the radio background. Our scenario can explain both the magnitude and the spectral index of the radio background, while being consistent with other cosmological and astrophysical constraints. These models predict new relativistic degrees of freedom and spectral distortions of the cosmic microwave background, which could be detected in the next generation of experiments.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2023)·22 citations
8. 08*

   Complete NLO Operators in the Higgs Effective Field Theory

   Hao Sun🇨🇳 · Ming-Lei Xiao🇺🇸 · Jiang-Hao Yu🇨🇳

   We enumerate the complete and independent sets of operators at the next-to-leading order (NLO) in the Higgs effective field theory (HEFT), based on the Young tensor technique on the Lorentz, gauge and flavor structures. The operator-amplitude correspondence tells a type of operators forms the on-shell amplitude basis, and for operators involving in Nambu-Goldstone bosons, the amplitude basis is further reduced to the subspace satisfying the Adler's zero condition in the soft momentum limit. Different from dynamical field, the spurion should not enter into the Lorentz sector, instead it only plays a role of forming the $SU(2)$ invariant together with other dynamical fields. With these new treatments, for the first time we could obtain the 224 (7704) operators for one (three) generation fermions, 295 (11307) with right-handed neutrinos, and find there were 6 (9) terms of operators missing and many redundant operators can be removed in the effective theory without (with) right-handed neutrinos.

   hep-phhep-thJHEP(2023)·53 citations
9. 09*

   Understanding quantum black holes from quantum reduced loop gravity

   Wen-Cong Gan🇺🇸 · Geeth Ongole🇺🇸 · Emanuele Alesci🇨🇳 · Yang An🇨🇳 · Fu-Wen Shu🇺🇸 · Anzhong Wang🇺🇸

   We systematically study the top-down model of loop quantum black holes (LQBHs), recently derived by Alesci, Bahrami and Pranzetti (ABP). To understand the structure of the model, we first derive several well-known LQBH solutions by taking proper limits. These include the Böhmer-Vandersloot and Ashtekar-Olmedo-Singh models, which were all obtained by the so-called bottom-up polymerizations within the framework of the minisuperspace quantizations. Then, we study the ABP model, and find that the inverse volume corrections become important only when the radius of the two-sphere is of the Planck size. For macroscopic black holes, the minimal radius obtained at the transition surface is always much larger than the Planck scale, and hence these corrections are always sub-leading. The transition surface divides the whole spacetime into two regions, and in one of them the spacetime is asymptotically Schwarzschild-like, while in the other region, the asymptotical behavior sensitively depends on the ratio of two spin numbers involved in the model, and can be divided into three different classes. In one class, the spacetime in the 2-planes orthogonal to the two spheres is asymptotically flat, and in the second one it is not even conformally flat, while in the third one it can be asymptotically conformally flat by properly choosing the free parameters of the model. In the latter, it is asymptotically de Sitter. However, in any of these three classes, sharply in contrast to the models obtained by the bottom-up approach, the spacetime is already geodesically complete, and no additional extensions are needed in both sides of the transition surface. In particular, identical multiple black hole and white hole structures do not exist.

   ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.GAhep-phhep-thPRD(2022)·21 citations
10. 10*

    Precision tests of the nonlinear mode coupling of anisotropic flow via high-energy collisions of isobars

    Jiangyong Jia🇺🇸 · Giuliano Giacalone🇩🇪 · Chunjian Zhang🇺🇸

    Valuable information on the dynamics of expanding fluids can be inferred from the response of such systems to perturbations in their initial geometry. We apply this technique in high-energy ${}^{96}$Ru+${}^{96}$Ru and ${}^{96}$Zr+${}^{96}$Zr collisions to scrutinize the expansion dynamics of the quark-gluon plasma, where the initial geometry perturbations are sourced by the differences in deformations and radial profiles between ${}^{96}$Ru and ${}^{96}$Zr, and the collective response is captured by the change in anisotropic flow $V_n$ between the two collision systems. Using a transport model, we analyze how the nonlinear coupling between lower-order flow harmonics $V_2$ and $V_3$ to the higher-order flow harmonics $V_4$ and $V_5$, expected to scale as $V_{4\mathrm{NL}}={\chi }_4{V}_2^2$ and $V_{5\mathrm{NL}}={\chi }_5{V}_2{V}_3$, gets modified as one moves from ${}^{96}$Ru+${}^{96}$Ru to ${}^{96}$Zr+${}^{96}$Zr systems. We find that these scaling relations are valid to high precision: variations of order 20\% in $V_{4\mathrm{NL}}$ and $V_{5\mathrm{NL}}$ due to differences in quadrupole deformation, octupole deformation, and nuclear skin modify ${\chi }_4$ and ${\chi }_5$ by about 1--2\%. Percent-level deviations are however larger than the expected experimental uncertainties and could be measured. Therefore, collisions of isobars with different nuclear structures are a unique tool to isolate subtle nonlinear effects in the expansion of the quark-gluon plasma that would be otherwise impossible to access in a single collision system.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exChin.Phys.Lett.(2023)·24 citations
11. 11*

    Understanding anomalous particle production in massless QED via time-varying $\theta$ angle

    Yu Hamada🇯🇵 · Ryuichiro Kitano🇯🇵 · Ryutaro Matsudo🇯🇵 · Kyohei Mukaida🇯🇵

    The Maxwell equations imply that, under the background of non-zero $\mathbf{B}$, varying $\theta$ term produces $\mathbf{E}\cdot \mathbf{B}$. An interesting example is the Witten effect where a magnetic monopole becomes a dyon which, however, should disappear in the exact massless limit of the fermion. Underlying mechanism of this phenomenon has been understood by Callan by the presence of an effective axion-like degree of freedom around the monopole, which is roughly the phase of the fermions. The configuration of this axion cancels the effect of the $\theta$ term. Now, the chiral anomaly implies that non-vanishing $\mathbf{E}\cdot \mathbf{B}$ induces the chiral charge in the system. The question is whether the chiral charge is generated in the massless limit when we take into account the axion-like degree of freedom in the discussion. The discussion is relevant for the mechanism of baryogenesis under the background of time-dependent $\theta$. We solve the system of the massless QED with time dependent $\theta$ by reducing it to the two-dimensional QED. We demonstrate the occurrence of chiral charge generation in the background of static magnetic field for two cases: a magnetic monopole and a uniform magnetic flux. For the monopole case, the chiral charge comes out from the monopole while canceling the Witten effect. For the case of the uniform flux, on the other hand, the effect of the backreaction cannot be ignored, giving a more non-trivial time dependence. We also discuss their implications on baryogenesis.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COhep-phJHEP(2022)·4 citations
12. 12*

    Interaction between macroscopic quantum systems and gravity

    Antonio Gallerati🇮🇹 · Giovanni Modanese🇮🇹 · Giovanni Ummarino🇮🇹

    We review experiments and theoretical models about the possible mutual interplay between the gravitational field and materials in the superconducting state or other macroscopic quantum states. More generally, we focus on the possibility for quantum macrosystems in a coherent state to produce local alterations of the gravitational field in which they are immersed. This fully interdisciplinary research field has witnessed a conspicuous progress in the last decades, with hundreds of published papers, and yet several questions are still completely open.

    ↳ gr-qccond-mat.supr-conhep-phhep-th+1Front.in Phys.(2022)·12 citations
13. 13*

    Black Hole Olympics: Metric Selection from the Event Horizon Telescope and LIGO-VIRGO Observations

    Deng Wang🇨🇳

    We propose a new paradigm in the field of black hole physics, i.e., with more and more high precision observations, one must make a metric selection to determine which black hole is observationally preferred. In light of the shadow imaging data from the Event Horizon Telescope and gravitational wave measurements from the LIGO-VIRGO collaboration, we attempt to address this issue. Although not finding any obvious preference for a specific black hole metric based on current data, as a presentation of this new research paradigm, we rank these black hole metrics using the Bayesian information criterion. We find that Kerr and Reissner-Nordström tie the first place in the black hole Olympics Games. Interestingly, we give the $2\sigma$ upper bound of the average electronic charge $Q<2.82\times 10^{18}$ C for the Reissner-Nordström spacetime, and the $2\sigma$ constraint on the average spin parameter $a=-0.02_{-4.04}^{+4.07}$ m for the Kerr spacetime, which is consistent with the prediction of zero rotation for a distant observer. Future multi-messenger and multi-wavelength observations will enhance the application of this new paradigm into tests of gravitational theories and black holes.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-ph2 citations
14. 14*

    Lorentz-violation-induced arrival time delay of astroparticles in Finsler spacetime

    Jie Zhu🇨🇳 · Bo-Qiang Ma🇨🇳

    Finsler geometry is a natural and fundamental generalization of Riemann geometry. The Finsler structure depends on both coordinates and velocities. We present the arrival time delay of astroparticles subject to Lorentz violation in the framework of Finsler geometry, and the result corresponds to that derived by Jacob and Piran in the standard model of cosmology.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-phhep-thPRD(2022)·23 citations
15. 15*

    Dynamical evolution of fermion-boson stars with realistic equations of state

    Joseph E. Nyhan🇺🇸 · Ben Kain🇺🇸

    Fermion-boson stars are mixtures of the ordinary nuclear matter of a neutron star and bosonic dark matter. We dynamically evolve fermion-boson stars for the first time using a realistic equation of state for nuclear matter. We use our dynamical solutions to make a detailed study of the evolution of weakly and strongly perturbed static solutions. As examples of our findings, we identify a region of parameter space where weakly perturbed unstable static solutions migrate to a stable configuration and we determine the criteria under which strongly perturbed stable static solutions will always move to a stable configuration instead of collapsing to a black hole.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-phnucl-thPRD(2022)·17 citations
16. 16*

    Spectral Distortions from Axion Monodromy Inflation

    Raul Henriquez-Ortiz🇲🇽 · Jorge Mastache🇲🇽 · Saul Ramos-Sanchez🇲🇽

    With the advent of new missions to probe spectral distortions of the cosmic microwave background with unprecedented precision, the study of theoretical predictions of these signals becomes a promising avenue to test our description of the early Universe. Meanwhile, axion monodromy still offers a viable framework to describe cosmic inflation. In order to explore new constraints on inflationary models based on axion monodromy while aiming at falsifying this scenario, we compute the spectral distortions predicted by this model, revealing oscillatory features that are compatible with Planck data. Further, the predicted distortions are up to 10% larger than the signals obtained from the fiducial LCDM model and are observable in principle. However, contrasting with the predictions of the simplest power-law inflationary potentials challenges the falsifiability of axion monodromy as it would require to reduce at least 100 times the current forecast error of the PIXIE satellite, which shall be possible at some projected observational setups.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2022)·6 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.