Thu·May 19, 2022Thursday·May 19, 2022

1. 01*

   Asymmetric Accidental Composite Dark Matter

   Salvatore Bottaro🇮🇹 · Marco Costa🇮🇹 · Oleg Popov🇰🇷

   The goal of this work is to find the simplest UV completions of Accidental Composite Dark Matter models that can dynamically generate an asymmetry for the Dark Matter candidate, the lightest dark baryon, and simultaneously annihilate the symmetric component. In this framework Dark Matter is an accidentally stable bound state of a confining $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ gauge group that can interact weakly with the visible sector. The generation of asymmetry for such candidate happens via the out-of-equilibrium decay of two flavors of a heavy scalar $\varphi$, with mass $M_{\varphi }>10^{10}$ GeV. Below such scale, the models recover accidental stability, or long-livedness, of the Dark Matter candidate. The symmetric component is annihilated by residual confined interactions provided that the mass of the dark baryon is < 75 TeV.

   hep-ph0 citations
2. 02*

   Constraints on exotic particle masses from flavor violating charged lepton decays and the role of interference

   Mario W. Barela🇧🇷 · J. Montaño-Domínguez🇲🇽

   Together with any Beyond the Standard Model ultraviolet complete, renormalizable model, one or several exotic particles are usually hypothesized. $CP$-even neutral and doubly-charged scalars are common, well known examples which can contribute to the seven 3-body Charged Lepton Flavor Violating decays. The experimental bounds on each Branching Ratio within this set of processes provide a good test for new physics that can induce powerful constraints on relevant parameter spaces. This is specially true for a third species of particle which, unlike the previous two, is a rare feature of renormalizable models: a doubly charged vector bilepton. We show how these purely leptonic bounds can indeed induce relevant exclusion regions for the corresponding particles masses, stronger than what have been considered in the literature for the alternative flavor conserving case, and examine how interference effects can influence these regions in a non-trivial way.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·5 citations
3. 03*

   QED in $\bar{B}\to \bar{K}{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ LFU ratios: Theory versus Experiment, a Monte Carlo Study

   Gino Isidori🇨🇭 · Davide Lancerini🇨🇭 · Saad Nabeebaccus🇫🇷 · Roman Zwicky🇬🇧

   Using analytic results obtained in a meson effective theory, that includes all infrared sensitive logs, we build a dedicated Monte Carlo framework to describe QED corrections in $\bar{B}\to \bar{K}{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ for a generic form factor. For the neutral mode ${\bar{B}}^0\to {\bar{K}}^0{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$, we perform a detailed numerical comparison versus those obtained with the general-purpose photon-shower tool PHOTOS. The comparison indicates a good agreement, at the few per-mil level, when focusing on the rare mode only. In addition, our framework allows us to investigate the impact of the charmonium resonances. Interference effects, not described by PHOTOS in the experimental analysis, are found to be small in the dilepton invariant mass region $q^2<6{\text{GeV}}^2$, which is used to determine $R_{K^{(\ast )}}$. Using a semi-analytic framework we assess the full, rare and resonant, mode. Based thereupon, we discuss strategies to check the subtraction of the resonant mode, which has a sizeable impact at $q^2\approx 6{\text{GeV}}^2$ in the electron mode.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2022)·54 citations
4. 04*

   DRalgo: a package for effective field theory approach for thermal phase transitions

   Andreas Ekstedt🇸🇪 · Philipp Schicho🇫🇮 · Tuomas V. I. Tenkanen🇸🇪

   DRalgo is an algorithmic implementation that constructs an effective, dimensionally reduced, high-temperature field theory for generic models. The corresponding Mathematica package automatically performs the matching to next-to-leading order. This includes two-loop thermal corrections to scalar and Debye masses as well as one-loop thermal corrections to couplings. DRalgo also allows for integrating out additional heavy scalars. Along the way, the package provides leading-order beta functions for general gauge-charges and fermion-families; both in the fundamental and in the effective theory. Finally, the package computes the finite-temperature effective potential within the effective theory. The article explains the theory of the underlying algorithm while introducing the software on a pedagogical level.

   hep-phComput.Phys.Commun.(2023)·116 citations
5. 05*

   Relations among $B_c\to J/\psi ,{\eta }_c$ form factors

   P. Colangelo🇮🇹 · F. De Fazio🇮🇹 · F. Loparco🇮🇹 · N. Losacco🇮🇹 · M. Novoa-Brunet🇮🇹

   We analyze the form factors parametrizing the $B_c\to J/\psi ,{\eta }_c$ matrix elements of the operators in a generalized low-energy $b\to c$ semileptonic Hamiltonian. We consider an expansion in nonrelativistic QCD, classifying the heavy quark spin symmetry breaking terms and expressing the form factors in terms of universal functions in a selected kinematical range. Using as an input the lattice QCD results for the $B_c\to J/\psi$ matrix element of the SM operator, we obtain information on other form factors. The extrapolation to the full kinematical range is also presented.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latJHEP(2022)·16 citations
6. 06*

   Predictions for the Sivers Single-Spin Asymmetry from Holographic QCD

   Valery E. Lyubovitskij🇩🇪 · Ivan Schmidt🇨🇱 · Stanley J. Brodsky🇺🇸

   A new approach to nonperturbative QCD, holographic light-front QCD, provides a comprehensive model for hadron dynamics and spectroscopy, incorporating color confinement, a universal hadron mass scale, the prediction of a massless pion in the chiral limit, and connections between the spectroscopy of mesons, baryons and tetraquarks across the full hadron spectrum. In this article we present predictions for the Sivers asymmetry and related transverse momentum distributions for the proton based on the light-front wavefunctions of the baryon eigenstate predicted by holographic QCD.

   hep-phPRD(2022)·4 citations
7. 07*

   Scalar Dark Matter with a $\mu \tau$ Flavored Mediator

   Kento Asai🇯🇵 · Coh Miyao🇯🇵 · Shohei Okawa🇪🇸 · Koji Tsumura🇯🇵

   We study a renormalizable scalar singlet dark matter model based on $Z_4$ lepton flavor symmetry. A $\mu \tau$-philic scalar doublet is introduced to explain the discrepancy between the experimental value and the theoretical prediction of the muon anomalous magnetic moment. At the same time, these flavored scalars play the role of a mediator which connects dark matter and standard model particles. The observed relic abundance of the dark matter is easily maintained while satisfying the current severe constraints on the dark matter from various experiments and observations thanks to the flavor off-diagonal interactions of scalar mediators. We also explore the possibility of dark matter direct detection through the one-loop process.

   hep-phPRD(2022)·10 citations
8. 08*

   Gauge bosons masses in the context of the Supersymmetric $SU(3{)}_C\otimes SU(3{)}_L\otimes U(1{)}_N$ Model

   M. C. Rodriguez🇧🇷

   We analyze the boson masses and their mixing in the Minimal Supersymmetric $SU(3{)}_C\otimes SU(3{)}_L\otimes U(1{)}_N$ Model, and we will show all the numerical results are in agreement with actual current experimental limits.

   hep-ph6 citations
9. 09*

   Naturally Light Dirac and Pseudo-Dirac Neutrinos from Left-Right Symmetry

   K.S. Babu🇺🇸 · Xiao-Gang He🇨🇳 · Mingxian Su🇺🇸 · Anil Thapa🇺🇸

   We develop a class of left-right symmetric theories based on the gauge group $SU(3{)}_c\times SU(2{)}_L\times SU(2{)}_R\times U(1)$ with a generalized seesaw mechanism for generating the charged fermion masses. Neutrinos are naturally Dirac particles in this setup with their small masses arising from two-loop quantum corrections. We evaluate these two-loop diagrams exactly and analyze the flavor structure of the lepton sector. We find excellent fits to neutrino oscillation data, independent of the right-handed gauge symmetry breaking scale. We also explore the possibility that neutrinos are pseudo-Dirac particles in this framework, with the tiny mass splittings between active and sterile neutrinos arising from Planck-induced corrections and find possible realizations. These models can be tested in the near future with precision cosmological measurements of $\Delta N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ in CMB which is predicted to be $\simeq 0.14$. This class of models allows for a solution to the strong CP problem via parity symmetry without the need for an axion.

   hep-phJHEP(2022)·36 citations
10. 10*

    Discrete Goldstone Bosons

    Victor Enguita Vileta🇪🇸 · Belen Gavela🇪🇸 · Rachel Houtz🇬🇧 · Pablo Quilez🇩🇪

    Exact discrete symmetries, if non-linearly realized, can reduce the ultraviolet sensitivity of a given theory. The scalars stemming from spontaneous symmetry breaking are massive without breaking the discrete symmetry, and those masses are protected from divergent quadratic corrections. This is in contrast to non-linearly realized continuous symmetries, for which the masses of pseudo-Goldstone bosons require an explicit breaking mechanism. The symmetry-protected masses and potentials of those discrete Goldstone bosons offer promising physics avenues, both theoretically and in view of the blooming experimental search for ALPs. We develop this theoretical setup using invariant theory and focusing on the maximally natural minima of the potential. For these, we show that typically a subgroup of the ultraviolet discrete symmetry remains explicit in the spectrum, i.e. realized "à la Wigner"; this subgroup can be either abelian or non-abelian. This suggests tell-tale experimental signals for those minima: at least two (three) degenerate scalars produced simultaneously if abelian (non-abelian), while the specific ratios of multi-scalar amplitudes provide a hint of the full ultraviolet discrete symmetry. Examples of exact ultraviolet $A_4$ and $A_5$ symmetries are explored in substantial detail.

    hep-phhep-thPRD(2023)·18 citations
11. 11*

    FLArE up dark sectors with EM form factors at the LHC Forward Physics Facility

    Felix Kling🇩🇪 · Jui-Lin Kuo🇺🇸 · Sebastian Trojanowski🇵🇱 · Yu-Dai Tsai🇺🇸

    Despite being mostly secluded, dark sector particles may feebly interact with photons via a small mass-dimension 4 millicharge, a mass-dimension 5 magnetic and electric dipole moment, or a mass-dimension 6 anapole moment and charge radius. If sufficiently light, the LHC may produce an intense and collimated beam of these particles in the far forward direction. We study the prospects of searching for such dark sector particles with electromagnetic form factors via their electron scattering signature in the Forward Liquid Argon Experiment (FLArE) detector at the Forward Physics Facility (FPF). We find that FLArE can provide new probes of sub-GeV dark particles with dipole moments and strong sensitivities for millicharged particles in the 100 MeV to 100 GeV region. This complements other search strategies using scintillation signatures or dark matter direct detection and allows for probing strongly interacting dark matter motivated by the EDGES anomaly. Along with the FORMOSA detector, this leads to a very diverse and leading experimental program in the search for millicharged particles in the FPF.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-exNPB(2023)·51 citations
12. 12*

    Constraints on annihilating dark matter in the Omega Centauri cluster

    Man Ho Chan🇨🇳 · Chak Man Lee🇨🇳

    Recent gamma-ray and radio studies have obtained some stringent constraints on annihilating dark matter properties. However, only a few studies have focussed on using X-ray data to constrain annihilating dark matter. In this article, we perform the X-ray analysis of annihilating dark matter using the data of the Omega Centauri cluster. If dark matter is the correct interpretation of the non-luminous mass component derived in the Omega Centauri cluster, the conservative lower limits of thermal dark matter mass annihilating via the ${\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$, $b\bar{b}$ and $W^{+}{W}^{-}$ channels can be significantly improved to 104(43) GeV, 650(167) GeV and 480(137) GeV respectively, assuming the diffusion coefficient $D_0\le 10^{26}(10^{27})$ cm${}^2$/s. These constraints can safely rule out the recent claims of dark matter interpretation of the gamma-ray excess and anti-proton excess seen in our Galaxy. Generally speaking, the conservative lower limits obtained for non-leptophilic annihilation channels are much more stringent than that obtained by gamma-ray analysis of nearby dwarf galaxies. We anticipate that this would open a new window for constraining annihilating dark matter.

    ↳ astro-ph.GAhep-phhep-thPRD(2022)·10 citations
13. 13*

    Parton distribution functions and intrinsic charm at LHCb

    Cristina Sánchez Gras🇳🇱

    At LHCb, proton parton distribution functions (PDFs) can be studied in a unique phase space complementary to that accessible by ATLAS and CMS, corresponding to low and high values of Bjorken-$x$. The measurements of vector boson production in the forward region, with and without an associated jet, are presented. These measurements can be used to constrain the proton PDFs, and in particular, the production of a $Z$ boson in association with a $c$-jet can be studied to measure the intrinsic charm content of the proton.

    ↳ hep-exhep-ph0 citations
14. 14*

    Prospects for Detecting the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background with JUNO

    JUNO Collaboration: Angel Abusleme · Thomas Adam · Shakeel Ahmad · Rizwan Ahmed · Sebastiano Aiello · Muhammad Akram · Fengpeng An · Qi An · Giuseppe Andronico · Nikolay Anfimov · Vito Antonelli · Tatiana Antoshkina and 589 other authors

    We present the detection potential for the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB) at the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), using the inverse-beta-decay (IBD) detection channel on free protons. We employ the latest information on the DSNB flux predictions, and investigate in detail the background and its reduction for the DSNB search at JUNO. The atmospheric neutrino induced neutral current (NC) background turns out to be the most critical background, whose uncertainty is carefully evaluated from both the spread of model predictions and an envisaged \textit{in situ} measurement. We also make a careful study on the background suppression with the pulse shape discrimination (PSD) and triple coincidence (TC) cuts. With latest DSNB signal predictions, more realistic background evaluation and PSD efficiency optimization, and additional TC cut, JUNO can reach the significance of 3$\sigma$ for 3 years of data taking, and achieve better than 5$\sigma$ after 10 years for a reference DSNB model. In the pessimistic scenario of non-observation, JUNO would strongly improve the limits and exclude a significant region of the model parameter space.

    ↳ hep-exastro-ph.HEhep-phphysics.ins-detJCAP(2022)·77 citations
15. 15*

    Graphene, Dirac equation and analogue gravity

    Antonio Gallerati🇮🇹

    We provide an updated study of some electronic properties of graphene nanoscrolls, exploiting a related curved space Dirac equation for the charge carriers. To this end, we consider an explicit parametrization in cylindrical coordinates, together with analytical solutions for the pseudoparticle modes living on the two--dimensional background. These results are then used to obtain a compact expression for the sample optical conductivity, deriving from a Kubo formula adapted to the 1+2 dimensional curved space. The latter formulation is then adopted to perform some simulations for a cylindrical nanoscroll geometry.

    ↳ hep-thcond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.mtrl-scigr-qc+1Phys.Scripta(2022)·13 citations
16. 16*

    Schwinger model at finite temperature and density with beta VQE

    Akio Tomiya🇯🇵

    We investigate a quantum gauge theory at finite temperature and density using a variational algorithm for near-term quantum devices. We adapt $\beta$-VQE to evaluate thermal and quantum expectation values and study the phase diagram for massless Schwinger model along with the temperature and density. By compering the exact variational free energy, we find the variational algorithm work for $T>0$ and $\mu >0$ for the Schwinger model. No significant volume dependence of the variational free energy is observed in $\mu /g\in [0,1.4]$. We calculate the chiral condensate and take the continuum extrapolation. As a result, we obtain qualitative picture of the phase diagram for massless Schwinger model.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phhep-thnucl-th+116 citations
17. 17*

    Nano meter Size Dirty Dark Matter Pearls, electron-signal, IMP or SIDM, not WIMP

    Colin D. Froggatt🇬🇧 · Holger B. Nielsen🇩🇰

    Through several articles we have developed a model for dark matter as consisting of bubbles of a new (speculated) type of vacuum, starting from cm-sized pearls or balls down to atomic size ones and now we believe they have nanometer sizes. In the latest development of our model we have the bubbles of the new vacuum imbedded in dust grains very similar to the grains present in interstellar and intergalactic space anyway, although the presence of the bubble with a very large homolumo gap in its single electron spectrum influences the dust grain material so as to become denser and harder. We have earlier explained how our dark matter particles get stopped in the shielding, so that normally expected nucleonic collisions are not observable. The signal of the dark matter in the underground experiments rather becomes decays of excited particles actually with the energy of the homolumo gap, which is also equal to the photon energy of the X-ray line presumably observed astronomically from galaxy clusters etc. A new calculation here is a fitting of the velocity dependence of the dark matter self-interaction as estimated by Correa [15], using deviations from the only gravitationally interacting dark matter in dwarf galaxies. Let us stress that apart from the speculated new vacuum we have no new physics, and if the couplings in the Standard Model were adjusted to make degenerate vacua as speculated according to our Multiple Point Principle (MPP) we would only need the Standard Model, so dark matter would not require new physics.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phPoS(2022)·7 citations
18. 18*

    Hierarchical Merger of Primordial Black Holes in Dwarf Galaxies

    Encieh Erfani🇮🇷 · Tadeo D. Gomez-Aguilar🇲🇽 · Juan Carlos Hidalgo🇲🇽

    We study the merger history of primordial black holes (PBHs) in a scenario where they represent the dominant dark matter component of a typical dwarf galaxies' core. We investigate the possibility of a sequence of collisions resulting in a hierarchical merger of black holes and look at the final mass spectrum in such {\it clusters}, which initially present a monochromatic (single-mass) PBH population. Our study shows that the merging process results in the transfer of about $40\%$ of the total mass of the core to the merger products regardless of the initial mass of PBHs, with about $5\%$ of energy radiated out in the form of gravitational waves. We find that, in the lighter mass limit, black holes up to eight times more massive than the original population can be formed within a Hubble time.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2022)·1 citation
19. 19*

    Cosmological forecasts for future galaxy surveys with the linear point standard ruler: Toward consistent BAO analyses far from a fiducial cosmology

    Stefano Anselmi🇫🇷 · Glenn D. Starkman🇺🇸 · Alessandro Renzi🇮🇹

    The linear point (LP) standard ruler was identified as the basis of a purely geometric method for exploiting the Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO). The LP exploits the BAO feature imprinted in the galaxy two-point correlation function to measure cosmological distances independent of any specific cosmological model. We forecast the expected precision of future and ongoing spectroscopic galaxy surveys to measure distances leveraging the linear point. We investigate the cosmological implications of our forecasted results. We focus in particular on a relevant working example: the detection of the late-time cosmic acceleration independent of other cosmological probes. Our findings show that, even within the LCDM standard cosmological paradigm, estimated distances need to be reliable over a very wide parameter range in order to realize their maximum utility. This is particularly relevant if we aim to properly characterize cosmological tensions. The LP is a promising candidate approach to achieve this reliability. In contrast, widely employed procedures in BAO analysis estimate distances keeping fixed cosmological parameters to fiducial values close to cosmic-microwave-background constraints in flat-LCDM. It is unclear whether they are purely geometric methods. Moreover, they rely on untested extrapolations to explore the parameter space away from those fiducial flat-LCDM values. We recommend that all BAO methodologies be validated across the full range of models and parameters over which their results are quoted, first by means of linear predictions and then N-body simulations.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thPRD(2023)·35 citations
20. 20*

    Estimating the warm dark matter mass from strong lensing images with truncated marginal neural ratio estimation

    Noemi Anau Montel🇳🇱 · Adam Coogan🇨🇦 · Camila Correa🇳🇱 · Konstantin Karchev🇳🇱 · Christoph Weniger🇳🇱

    Precision analysis of galaxy-galaxy strong gravitational lensing images provides a unique way of characterizing small-scale dark matter halos, and could allow us to uncover the fundamental properties of dark matter's constituents. Recently, gravitational imaging techniques made it possible to detect a few heavy subhalos. However, gravitational lenses contain numerous subhalos and line-of-sight halos, whose subtle imprint is extremely difficult to detect individually. Existing methods for marginalizing over this large population of sub-threshold perturbers to infer population-level parameters are typically computationally expensive, or require compressing observations into hand-crafted summary statistics, such as a power spectrum of residuals. Here, we present the first analysis pipeline to combine parametric lensing models and a recently-developed neural simulation-based inference technique called truncated marginal neural ratio estimation (TMNRE) to constrain the warm dark matter halo mass function cutoff scale directly from multiple lensing images. Through a proof-of-concept application to simulated data, we show that our approach enables empirically testable inference of the dark matter cutoff mass through marginalization over a large population of realistic perturbers that would be undetectable on their own, and over lens and source parameters uncertainties. To obtain our results, we combine the signal contained in a set of images with Hubble Space Telescope resolution. Our results suggest that TMNRE can be a powerful approach to put tight constraints on the mass of warm dark matter in the multi-keV regime, which will be relevant both for existing lensing data and in the large sample of lenses that will be delivered by near-future telescopes.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.IMhep-phMNRAS(2022)·54 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.