Mon·May 2, 2022Monday·May 2, 2022

1. 01*

   A look into the "hedgehog" events in pp collisions using a new event shape -- flatenicity

   Antonio Ortiz🇲🇽 · Guy Paic🇲🇽

   The UA1 and CDF collaborations have reported the presence of events with a very extended structure of low momentum tracks filling in a uniform way the $\eta -\phi$ phase space. However, these events have not caused interest with respect to the details of the interaction that originate them. We have undertaken to study whether such events are predicted by present event generators like PYTHIA 8. We report the existence of events without any discernible jet structure in high-multiplicity pp collisions. In the simulations those events originate from a moderate number of parton-parton scatterings within the same pp collision. A new event shape, $\rho$ (flatenicity), is proposed to allow for easily triggering on such events.

   hep-phhep-exRev.Mex.Fis.Suppl.(2022)·14 citations
2. 02*

   Nucleon and $\Delta$ resonances in $\gamma n\to K^{+}{\Sigma }^{-}$ photoproduction

   Neng-Chang Wei🇨🇳 · Ai-Chao Wang🇨🇳 · Fei Huang🇨🇳 · Kanzo Nakayama🇺🇸

   The most recent data on beam asymmetries, $\Sigma$, and beam-target asymmetries, $E$, from the CLAS Collaboration, together with the previous data on differential cross sections and beam asymmetries from the CLAS and LEPS Collaborations, for the $\gamma n\to K^{+}{\Sigma }^{-}$ reaction are studied based on an effective Lagrangian approach in the tree-level Born approximation. The $t$-channel $K$ and $K^{\ast }(892)$ exchanges, the $u$-channel $\Sigma$ exchange, the interaction current, and the exchanges of $N$, $\Delta$, and their excited states in the $s$ channel are considered in constructing the reaction amplitudes to describe the available experimental data. The reaction mechanisms of $\gamma n\to K^{+}{\Sigma }^{-}$ are analyzed, and the associated resonances' parameters are extracted. The numerical results show that the $\Delta$ exchange and the $N(1710)1/2^{+}$, $N(1880)1/2^{+}$, $N(1900)3/2^{+}$, and $\Delta (1920)3/2^{+}$ resonance exchanges in the $s$-channel dominate the $\gamma n\to K^{+}{\Sigma }^{-}$ reaction in the lower energy region, and the $t$-channel $K^{\ast }(892)$ exchange plays a crucial role at forward angles in the higher energy region.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2022)·14 citations
3. 03*

   Comment on "Flavored leptogenesis and neutrino mass with $A_4$ symmetry" [JHEP12(2021)051, arXiv:2106.06773]

   V. V. Vien🇻🇳

   Recently, in ref. \cite{A4Datta} Datta et al. [arXiv:2106.06773] proposed an $A_4$ flavor symmetric model supplemented by $Z_2\times Z_3$ symmetry which can accommodate the appropriate lepton mixing and neutrino masses via Type-I seesaw mechanism. They have constructed a minimal model with only one $SU(2{)}_L$ doublet scalar and six flavons that generate a specific flavor structure, favors the normal hierarchy of light neutrinos and narrows down the range of Dirac CP violating phase. Taking into account the contribution of all invariant terms, under all symmetries, is very important in the model building process, however, in ref. \cite{A4Datta} the authors miss a Majorana mass term which contributes to and changes the structure of the Majorana mass matrix of the right handed neutrinos. In this comment paper, we point out the above issue and provide a solution to fill in the missing term in ref. \cite{A4Datta}.

   hep-ph2 citations
4. 04*

   Active learning BSM parameter spaces

   Mark D. Goodsell🇫🇷 · Ari Joury🇫🇷

   Active learning (AL) has interesting features for parameter scans of new models. We show on a variety of models that AL scans bring large efficiency gains to the traditionally tedious work of finding boundaries for BSM models. In the MSSM, this approach produces more accurate bounds. In light of our prior publication, we further refine the exploration of the parameter space of the SMSQQ model, and update the maximum mass of a dark matter singlet to 48.4 TeV. Finally we show that this technique is especially useful in more complex models like the MDGSSM.

   hep-phEPJC(2023)·28 citations
5. 05*

   $S$- and $P$-wave fully-strange tetraquark states from QCD sum rules

   Niu Su🇨🇳 · Hua-Xing Chen🇨🇳

   We apply the QCD sum rule method to systematically study the $S$- and $P$-wave fully-strange tetraquark states within the diquark-antidiquark picture. We systematically construct their interpolating currents by explicitly adding the covariant derivative operator. Our results suggest that the $f_0(2100)$, $X(2063)$, and $f_2(2010)$ may be explained as the $S$-wave $ss\bar{s}\bar{s}$ tetraquark states with the quantum numbers $J^{PC}=0^{++}$, $1^{+-}$, and $2^{++}$, respectively. Our results also suggest that both the $X(2370)$ and $X(2500)$ may be explained as the $P$-wave $ss\bar{s}\bar{s}$ tetraquark states of $J^{PC}=0^{-+}$, and both the $\varphi (2170)$ and $X(2400)$ may be explained as the $P$-wave $ss\bar{s}\bar{s}$ tetraquark states of $J^{PC}=1^{--}$. The masses of the $ss\bar{s}\bar{s}$ tetraquark states with the exotic quantum number $J^{PC}=1^{-+}$ are extracted from two non-correlated currents to be $2.45_{-0.25}^{+0.20}$ GeV and $2.49_{-0.25}^{+0.21}$ GeV.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·38 citations
6. 06*

   T-odd proton-helicity asymmetry in semi-inclusive DIS in perturbative QCD

   Maurizio Abele🇩🇪 · Matthias Aicher🇩🇪 · Fulvio Piacenza🇮🇹 · Andreas Schäfer🇩🇪 · Werner Vogelsang🇩🇪

   We compute the single-spin asymmetry $A_{UL}$ in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering of unpolarized leptons and longitudinally polarized protons at large transverse momentum of the produced hadron. Our calculation is performed in collinear factorization at the lowest order of QCD perturbation theory. For photon exchange the asymmetry is T-odd and receives contributions from the interference of the tree level and one-loop absorptive amplitudes. We consider the behavior of the spin asymmetry at low transverse momentum where contact to the formalism based on transverse-momentum dependent distribution functions can be made. We also present some phenomenological results relevant for the COMPASS and HERMES experiments and the future Electron-Ion Collider.

   hep-phPRD(2022)·3 citations
7. 07*

   Axial-vector transition form factors of the singly heavy baryons

   Jung-Min Suh🇰🇷 · Hyun-Chul Kim🇰🇷

   We investigate the axial-vector transition form factors of the lowest-lying singly heavy baryons within the framework of the chiral quark-soliton model. We consider the linear $m_{\mathrm{s}}$ corrections, dealing with the strange current quark mass $m_{\mathrm{s}}$ as a small perturbation. Since we have various relations between different transitions because of isospin symmetry and flavor SU(3) symmetry breaking, only two axial-vector transition form factors are independent. We present the numerical results for these form factors. The effects of the flavor SU(3) symmetry breaking turn out tiny, so we neglect them. We also compute the decay rates for several strong decays of the singly heavy baryons and compare the results with the experimental data and those from other models. While the results for the ${\Sigma }_c\to {\Lambda }_c^{+}+\pi$ and ${\Sigma }_c^{\ast }\to {\Lambda }_c^{+}+\pi$ decays are slightly overestimated in comparison with the corresponding experimental data, those for the ${\Xi }_c^{\ast }\to {\Xi }_c+\pi$ are in remarkable agreement with the data.

   hep-phhep-latPRD(2022)·8 citations
8. 08*

   Complete calculation of exclusive heavy vector meson production at next-to-leading order in the dipole picture

   Heikki Mäntysaari🇫🇮 · Jani Penttala🇫🇮

   Exclusive production of transversely polarized heavy vector mesons in deep inelastic scattering at high energy is calculated at next-to-leading order accuracy in the Color Glass Condensate framework. In addition to the first QCD correction proportional to the strong coupling constant ${\alpha }_s$, we systematically also include the first relativistic correction proportional to the heavy quark velocity squared $v^2$. When combined with our previously published results for longitudinal vector meson production at next-to-leading order accuracy, these results make phenomenological calculations of heavy vector meson production possible at the order $\mathcal{O}({\alpha }_s{v}^0,{\alpha }_s^0{v}^2)$. When applied to $\mathrm{J}/\psi$ and ${\rm Y}$ production at HERA and at the LHC, a good agreement between the next-to-leading order calculations and experimental data is found. Additionally, we demonstrate that vector meson production can provide additional constraints compared to structure function analyses when the nonperturbative initial condition for the Balitsky-Kovchegov evolution equation is extracted.

   hep-phnucl-thJHEP(2022)·84 citations
9. 09*

   $\rho$ meson generalized parton distributions in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model

   Jin-Li Zhang🇨🇳 · Guang-Zhen Kang🇨🇳 · Jia-Lun Ping🇨🇳

   In this paper, both the unpolarized and the polarized $\rho$ meson generalized parton distributions are investigated in the framework of the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model using proper time regularization scheme. The symmetry properties of $\rho$ meson generalized parton distributions are checked. The three independent distribution functions in deep inelastic scattering, $F_1(x)$, $b_1(x)$ and $g_1(x)$, and the Sachs-like charge, magnetic, and quadruple form factors $G_C(t)$, $G_M(t)$ and $G_Q(t)$, which are the first Mellin moments of unpolarized generalized parton distributions are obtained. In addition, the $u$ quark axial vector form factors ${\tilde{F}}_1^u(t)$ and ${\tilde{F}}_2^u(t)$ related to the axial currents from the polarized generalized parton distributions are studied. The impact parameter dependent parton distribution functions, which are the two-dimensional Fourier transform of generalized parton distributions are studied, too. The obtained $\rho$ meson generalized parton distributions satisfy the required properties well.

   hep-phPRD(2022)·18 citations
10. 10*

    Light Dark Matter Axion Detection with Static Electric Field

    Yu Gao🇨🇳 · Yongsheng Huang🇨🇳 · Zhengwei Li🇨🇳 · Manqi Ruan🇨🇳 · Peng Sha🇨🇳 · Meiyu Si🇨🇳 · Qiaoli Yang🇨🇳

    We explore the axionic dark matter search sensitivity with a narrow-band detection scheme aiming at the axion-photon conversion by the static electric field inside a cylindrical capacitor. An alternating magnetic field signal is induced by effective currents as the axion dark matter flows perpendicularly through the electric field. At low axion masses, like in a KKLT scenario, front-end narrow band filtering is provided by using LC resonance with a high $Q$ factor, which enhances the detectability of the tiny magnetic field signal and also leads to a thermal noise as the major background that can be reduced at cryogenic conditions. We demonstrate that high $g_{a\gamma }$ sensitivity can be achieved by using a strong electric field. The QCD axion theoretical parameter space can be reached with high $E\sim$ GVm${}^{-1}$ field strength. Using the static electric field scheme essentially avoids exposing the sensitive superconducting pickup to an applied laboratory magnetic field.

    hep-phhep-exEPJC(2023)·6 citations
11. 11*

    Dynamic Magnetic Response of Quark-Gluon Plasma to Electromagnetic Fields

    Christopher Grayson🇺🇸 · Martin Formanek🇺🇸 · Johann Rafelski🇺🇸 · Berndt Mueller🇺🇸

    We investigate the electromagnetic response of a viscous quark-gluon plasma in the framework of the relativistic Boltzmann equation with current conserving collision term. Our formalism incorporates dissipative effects at all orders in linear response to the electromagnetic field while accounting for the full space- and time-dependence of the perturbing fields. As an example, we consider the collision of two nuclei in a stationary, homogeneous quark-gluon plasma. We show that for large collision energies the induced magnetic fields are governed by the response of quark-gluon plasma along the light-cone. In this limit we derive an analytic expression for the magnetic field along the beam axis between the receding nuclei and show that its strength varies only weakly with collision energy for $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}\ge 30$GeV.

    hep-phnucl-thPRD(2022)·19 citations
12. 12*

    Higher states of the $B_c$ meson family

    Ting-yan Li · Long Tang · Zheng-yuan Fang · Chao-hui Wang · Cheng-qun Pang

    In this work, we study higher $B_c$ mesons to the $L=S$, $P$, $D$, $F$, $G$ multiplets using the Cornell potential model, which takes account of the screening effect. The calculated mass spectra of $B_c$ states are in reasonable agreement with the present experimental data. Based on the spectroscopy, partial widths of all allowed radiative transitions and strong decays of each state are also evaluated by applying our numerical wave functions. Comparing our results with the former results, we point out the difference among various models and derive new conclusions obtained in this paper. Our theoretical results are valuable for searching more $B_c$ mesons in experiments.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·29 citations
13. 13*

    Dark Photon Dark Matter without Stueckelberg Mass

    Michele Redi🇮🇹 · Andrea Tesi🇮🇹

    We study the scenario of dark photon Dark Matter where the mass is generated through the Higgs mechanism rather than the constant Stueckelberg mass. In this construction the dark sector contains necessarily extra degrees of freedom and interactions that lead to non-trivial dynamics including thermalization, phase transitions, cosmic string production. As a consequence the predictions of Stueckelberg theories are vastly modified, strongly depending on the couplings to curvature and on the scale of inflation $H_I$ compared to the scale $f$ of spontaneous symmetry breaking. We find in particular that only in extreme regions of parameter space the phenomenology of Stueckelberg dark photon is reproduced. These scenarios are strongly constrained by isocurvature perturbations unless the dark sector is approximately Weyl invariant.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2022)·50 citations
14. 14*

    What's the (Dark) Matter with Cosmological Bubbles?

    Moritz Breitbach🇩🇪

    Despite their tremendous successes, modern-day cosmology and particle physics harbor a variety of unresolved mysteries. Two of the biggest are the origin of the baryon asymmetry of the Universe and the existence and nature of dark matter. In the present thesis, the author addresses these topics in various ways. The first part of the thesis is concerned with cosmological first-order phase transitions that may have occurred shortly after the Big Bang. Such transitions proceed via the nucleation and expansion of true vacuum bubbles and give rise to a rich phenomenology. The author suggests a mechanism to simultaneously explain the baryon asymmetry and dark matter, based on the out-of-equilibrium dynamics at the boundary of a dark phase transition with large order parameter. The same class of phase transitions can, in the parameter regime of small dark matter Yukawa couplings, lead to the production of primordial black holes via the compression of the plasma in shrinking false vacuum regions, as the author demonstrates with a sophisticated numerical simulation. In a third project regarding cosmological phase transitions, the author investigates the possibility of sub-MeV hidden sectors that are decoupled from the remaining plasma and cold enough to be reconciled with cosmological constraints, but at the same time give rise to a detectable gravitational-wave spectrum produced during bubble collisions. In the second part of the thesis, the author assesses the prospects for new physics searches at the DUNE near detector, focusing on the DUNE-PRISM concept, which suggests consecutive measurements at different on- and off-axis positions. This setup achieves improved signal-to-background ratios and reduces systematic uncertainties.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-ph0 citations
15. 15*

    Projected Sensitivity of DMRadio-m${}^3$: A Search for the QCD Axion Below $1\mu$eV

    DMRadio Collaboration: L. Brouwer🇺🇸 · S. Chaudhuri🇺🇸 · H.-M. Cho🇺🇸 · J. Corbin🇺🇸 · W. Craddock🇺🇸 · C. S. Dawson🇺🇸 · A. Droster🇺🇸 · J. W. Foster🇺🇸 · J. T. Fry🇺🇸 · P. W. Graham🇺🇸 · R. Henning🇺🇸 · K. D. Irwin🇺🇸 and 21 other authors

    The QCD axion is one of the most compelling candidates to explain the dark matter abundance of the universe. With its extremely small mass ($\ll 1\mathrm{eV}/c^2$), axion dark matter interacts as a classical field rather than a particle. Its coupling to photons leads to a modification of Maxwell's equations that can be measured with extremely sensitive readout circuits. DMRadio-m${}^3$ is a next-generation search for axion dark matter below $1\mu$eV using a $>4$ T static magnetic field, a coaxial inductive pickup, a tunable LC resonator, and a DC-SQUID readout. It is designed to search for QCD axion dark matter over the range $20\mathrm{neV}\lesssim m_a{c}^2\lesssim 800\mathrm{neV}$ ($5\mathrm{MHz}<\nu <200\mathrm{MHz}$). The primary science goal aims to achieve DFSZ sensitivity above $m_a{c}^2\approx 120$ neV (30 MHz), with a secondary science goal of probing KSVZ axions down to $m_a{c}^2\approx 40\mathrm{neV}$ (10 MHz).

    ↳ hep-exhep-phphysics.ins-detPRD(2022)·163 citations
16. 16*

    Linear stability of black holes with static scalar hair in full Horndeski theories: generic instabilities and surviving models

    Masato Minamitsuji🇵🇹 · Kazufumi Takahashi🇯🇵 · Shinji Tsujikawa🇯🇵

    In full Horndeski theories, we show that the static and spherically symmetric black hole (BH) solutions with a static scalar field~$\varphi$ whose kinetic term~$X$ is nonvanishing on the BH horizon are generically prone to ghost/Laplacian instabilities. We then search for asymptotically Minkowski hairy BH solutions with a vanishing $X$ on the horizon free from ghost/Laplacian instabilities. We show that models with regular coupling functions of $\varphi$ and $X$ result in no-hair Schwarzschild BHs in general. On the other hand, the presence of a coupling between the scalar field and the Gauss-Bonnet (GB) term $R_{\mathrm{GB}}^2$, even with the coexistence of other regular coupling functions, leads to the realization of asymptotically Minkowski hairy BH solutions without ghost/Laplacian instabilities. Finally, we find that hairy BH solutions in power-law $F(R_{\mathrm{GB}}^2)$ gravity are plagued by ghost instabilities. These results imply that the GB coupling of the form $\xi (\varphi )R_{\mathrm{GB}}^2$ plays a prominent role for the existence of asymptotically Minkowski hairy BH solutions free from ghost/Laplacian instabilities.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phhep-thPRD(2022)·36 citations
17. 17*

    Introduction to Quantization of Conformal Gravity

    Lesław Rachwał🇧🇷

    A method for consistent quantization of conformal gravity treating conformal symmetry in a very controllable way is presented. First, we discuss local conformal symmetry in the framework of gravitational interactions, where we view it as an example of a general gauge theory. We also present some early attempts at quantization of conformal gravity and use the generalized framework of covariant quantization due to Faddeev and Popov. Some salient issues such as the need for conformal gauge-fixing, an issue with conformal third ghosts, and discontinuities in conformal gravity are studied as well. Finally, we provide some explanations of the original ad hoc methods of computation valid at the first quantum loop level in conformal gravity.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phmath-ph+2Universe(2022)·14 citations
18. 18*

    Stabilizing Spherical Energy Shells with Angular Momentum in Gravitational Backgrounds

    I.Antoniou🇬🇷 · D. Kazanas🇬🇷 · D. Papadopoulos · L. Perivolaropoulos🇬🇷

    Spherical energy shells in General Relativity tend to collapse due to gravitational effects and/or due to tension effects. Shell stabilization may be achieved by modifying the gravitational properties of the background spacetime. Thus, gravastars consist of stiff matter shells with an interior deSitter space and an exterior Schwarzshild spacetime whose attractive gravity balances the interior repulsive gravity of the interior deSitter spacetime leading to a stable stiff matter shell. Similar stabilization effects may be achieved by considering rotating shells. Here we study the stability of slowly rotating fluid shells. We show that the angular velocity of the shell has stabilizing properties analogous to the repulsive deSitter gravity of the interior of a gravastar. We thus use the Israel junction conditions and the fluid equation of state of the rotating shell to construct the dynamical equations that determine the evolution of the rotating shell radius. These dynamical equations depend on the parameters of the background spacetime and on the angular velocity of the shell. Assuming a rotating interior and a Schwarzschild exterior spacetime we show that the angular velocity of the shell has interesting stabilizing properties on the evolution of its radius R. Thus rotating matter (or vacuum) shells can imitate black holes while avoiding the presence of a singularity and without the presence of an interior deSitter space.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phhep-thInt.J.Mod.Phys.D(2022)·5 citations
19. 19*

    Precision measurements of W properties at LHC

    Elisabetta Manca🇺🇸 · Gigi Rolandi🇮🇹

    Exploiting the large number of collected events and the symmetries in the W production and decay at LHC, it is possible to measure the W double differential cross section of transverse momentum and rapidity and the angular coefficients. With the proposed method a determination of the integrated spectrum of transverse momentum of W bosons is possible with an unprecedented granularity and increased precision with respect to the state-of-the-art generators. This enables the possibility to perform a theory-agnostic measurement of the W mass with competitive uncertainty by constraining the W production directly on data. This paper shows preliminary results derived on a subset of events collected by CMS during Run 2, for an integrated luminosity of 36 fb-1.

    ↳ hep-exhep-ph0 citations
20. 20*

    Lattice study of a magnetic contribution to heavy quark momentum diffusion

    D. Banerjee🇮🇳 · S. Datta🇮🇳 · M. Laine🇨🇭

    Heavy quarks placed within a hot QCD medium undergo Brownian motion, characterized by specific transport coefficients. Their determination can be simplified by expanding them in $T/M$, where $T$ is the temperature and $M$ is a heavy quark mass. The leading term in the expansion originates from the colour-electric part of a Lorentz force, whereas the next-to-leading order involves the colour-magnetic part. We measure a colour-magnetic 2-point correlator in quenched QCD at $T\sim \mathrm{1.2...2.0}{T}_{\mathrm{c}}^{}$. Employing multilevel techniques and non-perturbative renormalization, a good signal is obtained, and its continuum extrapolation can be estimated. Modelling the shape of the corresponding spectral function, we subsequently extract the momentum diffusion coefficient, $\kappa$. For charm (bottom) quarks, the magnetic contribution adds $\sim 30\%$ ($10\%$) to the electric one. The same increases apply also to the drag coefficient, $\eta$. As an aside, the colour-magnetic spectral function is computed at NLO.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phJHEP(2022)·35 citations
21. 21*

    Symmetric Mass Generation

    Juven Wang🇺🇸 · Yi-Zhuang You🇺🇸

    The most well-known mechanism for fermions to acquire a mass is the Nambu-Goldstone-Anderson-Higgs mechanism, i.e. after a spontaneous symmetry breaking, a bosonic field that couples to the fermion mass term condenses, which grants a mass gap for the fermionic excitation. In the last few years, it was gradually understood that there is a new mechanism of mass generation for fermions without involving any symmetry breaking within an anomaly-free symmetry group. This new mechanism is generally referred to as the "Symmetric Mass Generation (SMG)." It is realized that the SMG has deep connections with interacting topological insulator/superconductors, symmetry-protected topological states, perturbative local and non-perturbative global anomaly cancellations, and deconfined quantum criticality. It has strong implications for the lattice regularization of chiral gauge theories. This article defines the SMG, summarizes current numerical results, introduces a novel unifying theoretical framework (including the parton-Higgs and the s-confinement mechanisms, as well as the symmetry-extension construction), and overviews various features and applications of SMG.

    ↳ cond-mat.str-elhep-lathep-phhep-th+1Symmetry(2022)·112 citations
22. 22*

    Boostless Cosmological Collider Bootstrap

    Guilherme L. Pimentel🇳🇱 · Dong-Gang Wang🇬🇧

    Cosmological correlation functions contain valuable information about the primordial Universe, with possible signatures of new massive particles at very high energies. Recent developments, including the cosmological bootstrap, bring new perspectives and powerful tools to study these observables. In this paper, we systematically classify inflationary three-point correlators of scalar perturbations using the bootstrap method. For the first time, we derive a complete set of single-exchange cosmological collider bispectra with new shapes and potentially detectable signals. Specifically, we focus on the primordial scalar bispectra generated from the exchange of massive particles with all possible boost-breaking interactions during inflation. We introduce three-point "seed" functions, from which we bootstrap the inflationary bispectra of scalar and spinning exchanges using weight-shifting and spin-raising operators. The computation of the seed function requires solving an ordinary differential equation in comoving momenta, a boundary version of the equation of motion satisfied by a propagator that linearly mixes a massive particle with the external light scalars. The resulting correlators are presented in analytic form, for any kinematics. These shapes are of interest for near-future cosmological surveys, as the primordial non-Gaussianity in boost-breaking theories can be large. We also identify new features in these shapes, which are phenomenologically distinct from the de Sitter invariant cases. For example, the oscillatory shapes around the squeezed limit have different phases. Furthermore, when the massive particle has much lower speed of sound than the inflaton, oscillatory features appear around the equilateral configuration.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phJHEP(2022)·135 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.