Thu·Mar 24, 2022Thursday·March 24, 2022

1. 01*

   Monolepton production in SMEFT to $\mathcal{O}(1/{\Lambda }^4)$ and beyond

   Taegyun Kim🇺🇸 · Adam Martin🇺🇸

   We calculate $pp\to {\ell }^{+}\nu ,{\ell }^{-}\bar{\nu }$ to $\mathcal{O}(1/{\Lambda }^4)$ within the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) framework. In particular, we calculate the four-fermion contribution from dimension six and eight operators, which dominates at large center of mass energy. We explore the relative size of the $\mathcal{O}(1/{\Lambda }^4)$ and $\mathcal{O}(1/{\Lambda }^2)$ results for various kinematic regimes and assumptions about the Wilson coefficients. Results for Drell-Yan production $pp\to {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ at $\mathcal{O}(1/{\Lambda }^4)$ are also provided. Additionally, we develop the form for four fermion contact term contributions to $pp\to {\ell }^{+}\nu ,{\ell }^{-}\bar{\nu },pp\to {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ of arbitrary mass dimension. This allows us to estimate the effects from even higher dimensional (dimension $>8$) terms in the SMEFT framework.

   hep-phJHEP(2022)·26 citations
2. 02*

   Shifting physics of vortex particles to higher energies via quantum entanglement

   D. V. Karlovets🇷🇺 · S. S. Baturin🇷🇺 · G. Geloni🇩🇪 · G. K. Sizykh🇷🇺 · V. G. Serbo🇷🇺

   Physics of structured waves is currently limited to relatively small particle energies as the available generation techniques are only applicable to the soft $X$-ray twisted photons, to the beams of electron microscopes, to cold neutrons, or non-relativistic atoms. The highly energetic vortex particles with an orbital angular momentum would come in handy for a number of experiments in atomic physics, nuclear, hadronic, and accelerator physics, and to generate them one needs to develop alternative methods, applicable for ultrarelativistic energies and for composite particles. Here, we show that the vortex states of in principle arbitrary particles can be generated during photon emission in helical undulators, via Cherenkov radiation, in collisions of charged particles with intense laser beams, in such scattering or annihilation processes as $e\mu \to e\mu ,ep\to ep,e^{-}{e}^{+}\to p\bar{p}$, and so forth. The key element in obtaining them is the postselection protocol due to entanglement between a pair of final particles and it is largely not the process itself. The state of a final particle -- be it a $\gamma$-ray, a hadron, a nucleus, or an ion -- becomes twisted if the azimuthal angle of the other particle momentum is measured with a large error or is not measured at all. As a result, requirements to the beam transverse coherence can be greatly relaxed, which enables the generation of highly energetic vortex beams at accelerators and synchrotron radiation facilities, thus making them a new tool for hadronic and spin studies.

   hep-phphysics.acc-phphysics.opticsquant-phEPJC(2023)·26 citations
3. 03*

   Connecting Dark Gauge Symmetry to the Standard Model

   Ernest Ma (UC Riverside)🇺🇸

   Dark matter is postulated to be a neutral Dirac fermion, charged under a dark $U(1{)}_D$ gauge symmetry. Scalar partners of the quarks and leptons are also charged under $U(1{)}_D$. The dark gauge boson $Z_D$ and the dark Higgs boson $h_D$ enable either freeze-out or freeze-in mechanisms to account for the correct dark matter relic abundance. Dark number $D$ is connected to baryon number $B$ and lepton number $L$ through $D=3B+L-(2j{)}_{[mod2]}$ where $j$ is the intrinsic spin of the particle.

   hep-phPLB(2022)·3 citations
4. 04*

   Displaying dark matter constraints from colliders with varying simplified model parameters

   Andreas Albert🇺🇸 · Antonio Boveia🇺🇸 · Oleg Brandt🇬🇧 · Eric Corrigan🇸🇪 · Zeynep Demiragli🇺🇸 · Caterina Doglioni🇸🇪 · Etienne Dreyer🇮🇱 · Boyu Gao🇺🇸 · Josh Greaves🇸🇪 · Ulrich Haisch🇩🇪 · Philip Harris🇺🇸 · Greg Landsberg🇺🇸 and 8 other authors

   The search for dark matter is one of the main science drivers of the particle and astroparticle physics communities. Determining the nature of dark matter will require a broad approach, with a range of experiments pursuing different experimental hypotheses. Within this search program, collider experiments provide insights on dark matter which are complementary to direct/indirect detection experiments and to astrophysical evidence. To compare results from a wide variety of experiments, a common theoretical framework is required. The ATLAS and CMS experiments have adopted a set of simplified models which introduce two new particles, a dark matter particle and a mediator, and whose interaction strengths are set by the couplings of the mediator. So far, the presentation of LHC and future hadron collider results has focused on four benchmark scenarios with specific coupling values within these simplified models. In this work, we describe ways to extend those four benchmark scenarios to arbitrary couplings, and release the corresponding code for use in further studies. This will allow for more straightforward comparison of collider searches to accelerator experiments that are sensitive to smaller couplings, such as those for the US Community Study on the Future of Particle Physics (Snowmass 2021), and will give a more complete picture of the coupling dependence of dark matter collider searches when compared to direct and indirect detection searches. By using semi-analytical methods to rescale collider limits, we drastically reduce the computing resources needed relative to traditional approaches based on the generation of additional simulated signal samples.

   hep-phhep-ex16 citations
5. 05*

   Composition of low-lying $\mathbf{J}={\frac{3}{2}}^{\pm }\mathbf{\Delta }$-baryons

   Langtian Liu🇨🇳 · Chen Chen🇨🇳 · Ya Lu🇨🇳 · Craig D. Roberts🇨🇳 · Jorge Segovia🇪🇸

   A Poincaré-covariant quark+diquark Faddeev equation is used to develop insights into the structure of the four lightest $(I,J^P=\frac{3}{2},{\frac{3}{2}}^{\pm })$ baryon multiplets. Whilst these systems can contain isovector-axialvector and isovector-vector diquarks, one may neglect the latter and still arrive at a reliable description. The $(\frac{3}{2},{\frac{3}{2}}^{+})$ states are the simpler systems, with features that bear some resemblance to quark model pictures, \emph{e.g}., their most prominent rest-frame orbital angular momentum component is $\mathsf{S}$-wave and the $\Delta (1600){\frac{3}{2}}^{+}$ may reasonably be viewed as a radial excitation of the $\Delta (1232){\frac{3}{2}}^{+}$. The $(\frac{3}{2},{\frac{3}{2}}^{-})$ states are more complex: the $\Delta (1940){\frac{3}{2}}^{-}$ expresses little of the character of a radial excitation of the $\Delta (1700){\frac{3}{2}}^{-}$; and whilst the rest-frame wave function of the latter is predominantly $\mathsf{P}$-wave, the leading piece in the $\Delta (1940){\frac{3}{2}}^{-}$ wave function is $\mathsf{S}$-wave, in conflict with quark model expectations. Experiments that can test these predictions, such as large momentum transfer resonance electroexcitation, may shed light on the nature of emergent hadron mass.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-ex+1PRD(2022)·33 citations
6. 06*

   Inelastic heavy quarkonium photoproduction in $p$-$p$ and $Pb$-$Pb$ collisions at LHC energies

   Zhi-Lei Ma🇨🇳 · Zhun Lu🇨🇳 · Hao Liu🇨🇳 · Li Zhang🇨🇳

   We study the inelastic charmonium ($J/\psi$, $\psi (2S)$) and bottomonium (${\rm Y}(nS)$) photoproduction and fragmentation processes in $p$-$p$ and $Pb$-$Pb$ collisions at LHC energies, where the ultra-incoherent photon emission is included. In the framework of the NRQCD factorization approach, an exact treatment is developed which recovers Weizsäcker-Williams approximation (WWA) near the region $Q^2\sim 0$, where the methods of Martin-Ryskin and BCCKL are used to avoid double counting. We calculate the $Q^2$, $y$, $z$, $\sqrt{s}$, $p_T$ dependent and the total cross sections. It turns out that the inelastic photoproduction and fragmentation processes provide valuable contributions to the heavy quarkonium production, especially in the large $p_T$ regions. While the relative contribution of ultra-incoherent photon channel is very important, which rapidly increases along with the growing quarkonium mass, and begins to dominate the photoproduction processes at large $p_T$ ranges. Moreover, we obtain the complete validity scopes of WWA in inelastic heavy quarkonium photoproduction in heavy-ion collisions. WWA has a much higher accuracy at high energies and in $Pb$-$Pb$ collisions. The existing photon spectra are generally derived beyond the applicable scopes of WWA, and the double counting exists when the different channels are considered simultaneously.

   hep-phCPC(2025)·2 citations
7. 07*

   Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay: A Roadmap for Matching Theory to Experiment

   Vincenzo Cirigliano🇺🇸 · Zohreh Davoudi🇺🇸 · Wouter Dekens🇺🇸 · Jordy de Vries🇳🇱 · Jonathan Engel🇺🇸 · Xu Feng🇨🇳 · Julia Gehrlein🇺🇸 · Michael L. Graesser🇺🇸 · Lukáš Gráf🇺🇸 · Heiko Hergert🇺🇸 · Luchang Jin🇺🇸 · Emanuele Mereghetti🇺🇸 and 7 other authors

   The observation of neutrino oscillations and hence non-zero neutrino masses provided a milestone in the search for physics beyond the Standard Model. But even though we now know that neutrinos are massive, the nature of neutrino masses, i.e., whether they are Dirac or Majorana, remains an open question. A smoking-gun signature of Majorana neutrinos is the observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay, a process that violates the lepton-number conservation of the Standard Model. This white paper focuses on the theoretical aspects of the neutrinoless double-beta decay program and lays out a roadmap for future developments. The roadmap is a multi-scale path starting from high-energy models of neutrinoless double-beta decay all the way to the low-energy nuclear many-body problem that needs to be solved to supplement measurements of the decay rate. The path goes through a systematic effective-field-theory description of the underlying processes at various scales and needs to be supplemented by lattice quantum chromodynamics input. The white paper also discusses the interplay between neutrinoless double-beta decay, experiments at the Large Hadron Collider and results from astrophysics and cosmology in probing simplified models of lepton-number violation at the TeV scale, and the generation of the matter-antimatter asymmetry via leptogenesis. This white paper is prepared for the topical groups TF11 (Theory of Neutrino Physics), TF05 (Lattice Gauge Theory), RF04 (Baryon and Lepton Number Violating Processes), NF03 (Beyond the Standard Model) and NF05 (Neutrino Properties) within the Theory Frontier, Rare Processes and Precision Frontier, and Neutrino Physics Frontier of the U.S. Community Study on the Future of Particle Physics (Snowmass 2021).

   hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-ex+196 citations
8. 08*

   Selected topics in diffraction with protons and nuclei: past, present, and future

   L. Frankfurt (Tel Aviv U. and Penn State U.)🇮🇱 · V. Guzey (St. Petersburg, INP)🇷🇺 · A. Stasto (Penn State U.)🇺🇸 · M. Strikman (Penn State U.)🇺🇸

   We review a broad range of phenomena in diffraction in the context of hadron-hadron, hadron-nucleus collisions and deep inelastic lepton-proton/nucleus scattering focusing on the interplay between the perturbative QCD and non-perturbative models. We discuss inclusive diffraction in DIS, phenomenology of dipole models, resummation and parton saturation at low $x$, hard diffractive production of vector mesons, inelastic diffraction in hadron-hadron scattering, formalism of color fluctuations, inclusive coherent and incoherent diffraction as well as soft and hard diffraction phenomena in hadron-hadron/nucleus and photon-nucleus collisions. For each topic we review key results from the past and present experiments including HERA and the LHC. Finally, we identify the remaining open questions, which could be addressed in the continuing experiments, in particular in photon-induced reactions at the LHC and the future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) in the US, Large Hadron electron Collider (LHeC) and Future Circular Collider (FCC) at CERN.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exRept.Prog.Phys.(2022)·40 citations
9. 09*

   On wide-angle photo- and electroproduction of pions to twist-3 accuracy

   K. Passek-Kumerički🇭🇷

   The wide-angle photo- and electroproduction of pions is investigated within the handbag mechanism in which the ${\gamma }^{(\ast )}N\to \pi N^{\prime }$ amplitudes factorize into subprocess amplitudes,${\gamma }^{(\ast )}q\to \pi q^{\prime }$, and form factors representing $1/x$-moments of generalized parton distributions (GPDs). The subprocess is calculated to twist-3 accuracy taking into account both the 2- and 3-body Fock components of the pion. The cross-sections are compared to experiment and spin-effects are discussed.

   hep-phhep-thRev.Mex.Fis.Suppl.(2022)·0 citations
10. 10*

    Initial state QED radiation aspects for future $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders

    S. Frixione🇮🇹 · E. Laenen🇳🇱 · C.M. Carloni Calame🇮🇹 · A. Denner🇩🇪 · S. Dittmaier🇩🇪 · T. Engel🇨🇭 · L. Flower🇬🇧 · L. Gellersen🇸🇪 · S. Hoeche🇺🇸 · S. Jadach🇵🇱 · M.R. Masouminia🇬🇧 · G. Montagna🇮🇹 and 16 other authors

    This white paper concerns theoretical and phenomenological aspects relevant to the physics of future $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders, in particular regarding initial-state QED radiation. The contributions each contain key technical aspects, and are formulated in a pedagogical manner so as to render them accessible also to those who are not directly working on these and immediately-related topics. This should help both experts and non-experts understand the theoretical challenges that we shall face at future $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders. Specifically, this paper contains descriptions of the treatment of initial state radiation from several Monte Carlo collaborations, as well as contributions that explain a number of more theoretical developments with promise of future phenomenological impact.

    hep-ph29 citations
11. 11*

    The dark side of the proton

    Matthew McCullough🇨🇭 · James Moore🇬🇧 · Maria Ubiali🇬🇧

    We study the sensitivity of the High-Luminosity LHC to a light baryonic dark photon B, primarily coupled to quarks, as a constituent of the proton. This is achieved by allowing for a dark photon parton distribution function (PDF) in the PDF evolution equations. Depending on the mass and coupling of the dark photon, the evolution of standard quark and gluon PDFs is distorted to varying degrees. By analysing the effect of the dark photon on the tails of Drell-Yan invariant mass distributions, we demonstrate the potential of the LHC in determining competitive bounds on dark photon parameter space.

    hep-phJHEP(2022)·18 citations
12. 12*

    Hadrophilic Light Dark Matter from the Atmosphere

    Carlos A. Argüelles🇺🇸 · Víctor Muñoz🇪🇸 · Ian M. Shoemaker🇺🇸 · Volodymyr Takhistov🇯🇵

    Light sub-GeV dark matter (DM) constitutes an underexplored target, beyond the optimized sensitivity of typical direct DM detection experiments. We comprehensively investigate hadrophilic light DM produced from cosmic-ray collisions with the atmosphere. The resulting relativistic DM, originating from meson decays, can be efficiently observed in variety of experiments, such as XENON1T. We include for the first time decays of $\eta$, ${\eta }^{\prime }$ and $K^{+}$ mesons, leading to improved limits for DM masses above few hundred MeV. We incorporate an exact treatment of the DM attenuation in Earth and demonstrate that nuclear form factor effects can significantly impact the resulting testable DM parameter space. Further, we establish projections for upcoming experiments, such as DARWIN, over a wide range of DM masses below the GeV scale.

    hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEhep-exPLB(2022)·34 citations
13. 13*

    ${\epsilon }^{\prime }/\epsilon$ in the Standard Model and Beyond: 2021

    Andrzej J. Buras🇩🇪

    The present status of the ratio ${\epsilon }^{\prime }/\epsilon$ in the Standard Model (SM) is summarized. In particular we stress the differences between three approaches that attempt to calculate ${\epsilon }^{\prime }/\epsilon$ within the SM: Lattice QCD, Dual QCD and Chiral Perturbation Theory. As presently there is still a significant room left for new physics (NP) contributions, we summarize the present status of the technology that has been recently developed with the goal to analyze ${\epsilon }^{\prime }/\epsilon$ and its correlations with other observables within the Weak Effective Theory (WET) and the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). We also make a few comments on the interpretation of the main dynamics behind the $\Delta I=1/2$ rule in $K\to \pi \pi$ decays.

    hep-phhep-exhep-lat13 citations
14. 14*

    Some Conceptual Aspects of Operator Design for Quantum Simulations of Non-Abelian Lattice Gauge Theories

    Anthony Ciavarella🇺🇸 · Natalie Klco🇺🇸 · Martin J. Savage🇺🇸

    In the Kogut-Susskind formulation of lattice gauge theories, a set of quantum numbers resides at the ends of each link to characterize the vertex-local gauge field. We discuss the role of these quantum numbers in propagating correlations and supporting entanglement that ensures each vertex remains gauge invariant, despite time evolution induced by operators with (only) partial access to each vertex Hilbert space. Applied to recent proposals for eliminating vertex-local Hilbert spaces in quantum simulation, we describe how the required entanglement is generated via delocalization of the time evolution operator with nearest-neighbor controls. These hybridizations, organized with qudits or qubits, exchange classical operator preprocessing for reductions in quantum resource requirements that extend throughout the lattice volume.

    ↳ quant-phhep-lathep-phnucl-th32 citations
15. 15*

    An Inflationary Equation of State

    Barun Kumar Pal🇮🇳

    We have studied inflationary paradigm through an inflationary equation of state. With a single parameter equation of state as a function of the scalar field responsible for accelerated expansion, we find an observationally viable model satisfying all the constraints as laid down by the recent observations. The resulting model can efficiently cover a wide range of tensor-to-scalar ratio ranging from $r\sim \mathcal{O}(10^{-1})$ to $\mathcal{O}(10^{-6})$, other inflationary observables being consistent with the latest data. Nowadays ultimate eliminator between inflationary models is the tensor-to-scalar ratio, the model presented here is capable of keeping up with the future probes of tensor-to-scalar ratio at the same time having good agreement with other inflationary observables.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-thInt.J.Mod.Phys.D(2023)·3 citations
16. 16*

    Thermodynamic stability of a cosmological SU(2)-weak gauge field

    Daniel Friedan🇺🇸

    The CGF cosmology is a complete theory of cosmology from the electroweak transition onward. It is semi-classical. At leading order the only matter is dark matter -- a cosmological SU(2)-weak gauge field (the CGF). Ordinary matter is a subleading correction from fluctuations around the classical state. The CGF is periodic in imaginary time. It acts as thermal bath for the fluctuations of the Standard Model fields. Here, the initial thermal state of the SU(2) gauge field fluctuations is constructed and shown to be thermodynamically stable. This is a warm-up for (1) constructing the initial thermal state of all the fluctuations in order to calculate its time evolution and (2) showing that initial state to be thermodynamically stable in order to show that the CGF cosmology is physically natural.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COhep-ph3 citations
17. 17*

    Dark matter stars

    Daniel Friedan🇺🇸

    The dark matter in the CGF cosmology is a cosmological SU(2)-weak gauge field (the CGF). The TOV stellar structure equations are solved numerically for stars composed of this dark matter. The star mass M can take any value up to a maximum $9.14\times 10^{-6}$ M_sun. For each value of M the star radius R lies between 5.23cm and 13.6cm. More than one value of R is possible when M > $5.09\times 10^{-6}$ M_sun. For those stars, a transition from larger to smaller R would release gravitational energy on the order of $10^{41}$J in a time on the order of $10^{-10}$s.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phhep-th6 citations
18. 18*

    The SuSAv2 model for inelastic neutrino-nucleus scattering

    J. Gonzalez-Rosa🇪🇸 · G. D. Megias🇪🇸 · J. A. Caballero🇪🇸 · M. B. Barbaro🇮🇹

    The susperscaling model SuSAv2, already available for charged-current neutrino-nucleus cross sections in the quasielastic region, is extended to the full inelastic regime. In the model the resonance production and deep inelastic reactions are described through the extension to the neutrino sector of the SuSAv2 inelastic model developed for ($e,e^{\prime }$) reactions, which combines phenomenological structure functions with a nuclear scaling function. This work also compares two different descriptions of the $\Delta$ resonance region, one based on a global scaling function for the full inelastic spectrum and the other on a semi-phenomenological $\Delta$ scaling function extracted from ($e,e^{\prime }$) data for this specific region and updated with respect to previous work. The results of the model are tested against ($e,e^{\prime }$) data on ${}^{12}$C, ${}^{16}$O, ${}^{40}$Ca and ${}^{40}$Ar and applied to the study of the charged current inclusive neutrino cross-section on ${}^{12}$C and ${}^{40}$Ar measured by the T2K, MicroBooNE, ArgoNEUT and MINERvA experiments, thus covering several kinematical regions.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRD(2022)·17 citations
19. 19*

    Microscopic black holes as probes for quantum gravity

    Samuel Kováčik🇸🇰

    One of the main goals of contemporary theoretical physics is to find the quantum theory of gravity. There are various working hypotheses, mostly operating in the regime of high-energy physics well above the reach of particle accelerators. So far, strong experimental or observational evidence to guide the theory is missing. A possible consequence of quantum gravity and quantum spacetime that is often discussed is the vacuum dispersion effect. In this paper, we consider a different line of quantum space phenomenology, the behaviour of microscopic black holes. Even though their exact nature is unknown, some of their features are very model-independent, allowing us to draw conclusions about their role in the current cosmological models.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phPoS(2022)·2 citations
20. 20*

    A theory of the dark matter

    Daniel Friedan🇺🇸

    In an earlier paper I proposed a highly symmetric semi-classical initial condition to describe the universe in the period leading up to the electroweak transition and completely determine all cosmology after that. Nothing beyond the Standard Model is assumed. Inflation is not needed. The initial symmetry allows no adjustable parameters. It is a complete theory of the Standard Model cosmological epoch, predictive and falsifiable. Here, the time evolution of the initial condition is calculated in the classical approximation. The fields with nontrivial classical values are the SU(2)-weak gauge field (the cosmological gauge field or CGF) and the Higgs field. The CGF produces the electroweak transition then evolves as a non-relativistic perfect fluid ($w_{\mathrm{CGF}}\approx 0$). At the present time, i.e. when $H=H_0$, the CGF energy density satisfies ${\Omega }_{\Lambda }+{\Omega }_{\mathrm{CGF}}=1$. The CGF is the dark matter. The dark matter is a classical phenomenon of the Standard Model. The classsical universe contains only the dark matter, no ordinary matter. At next to leading order the fluctuations of the Standard Model fields will provide a calculable, relatively small amount of ordinary matter such that ${\Omega }_{\Lambda }+{\Omega }_{\mathrm{CGF}}+{\Omega }_{\mathrm{ordinary}}=1$.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phhep-th5 citations
21. 21*

    Dilaton Solutions for Laboratory Constraints and Lunar Laser Ranging

    Philippe Brax🇫🇷 · Hauke Fischer🇦🇹 · Christian Käding🇦🇹 · Mario Pitschmann🇦🇹

    We derive approximate analytical solutions to the environment-dependent dilaton field theory equations in the presence of a one or two mirror system or a sphere. The one-dimensional equations of motion are integrated for each system. The solutions obtained herein can be applied to \textit{q}BOUNCE experiments, neutron interferometry and for the calculation of the dilaton field induced "Casimir force" in the \textsc{Cannex} experiment as well as for Lunar Laser Ranging. They are typical of the Damour-Polyakov screening mechanism whereby deviations from General Relativity are suppressed by a vanishingly small direct coupling of the dilaton to matter in dense environments.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phEPJC(2022)·31 citations
22. 22*

    Qualitative probe of interacting dark energy with redshift-space distortions

    Didam Duniya (BIUST)🇧🇼

    The imprint of interacting dark energy (IDE) needs to be correctly identified in order to avoid bias in constraints on IDE. This paper investigates the large-scale imprint of IDE in redshift space distortions, using $Euclid$-like photometric prescriptions. A first attempt at incorporating the IDE dynamics in the galaxy (clustering and evolution) biases is made. Without IDE dynamics taken into account in the galaxy biases, as is conventionally done, the results suggest that for a constant dark energy equation of state parameter, an IDE model where the dark energy transfer rate is proportional to the dark energy density exhibits an alternating, positive-negative effect in the redshift space distortions angular power spectrum. However, when the IDE dynamics is incorporated in the galaxy biases, it is found that the apparent positive-negative alternating effect vanishes: implying that neglecting IDE dynamics in the galaxy biases can result in ''artefacts'' that can lead to incorrect identification of the IDE imprint. In general, the results show that multi-tracer analysis will be needed to beat down cosmic variance in order for the redshift space distortions angular power spectrum as a statistic to be a viable diagnostic of IDE. Moreover, it is found that redshift space distortions hold the potential to constrain IDE on large scales, at redshifts $z\le 1$; with the scenario having IDE dynamics incorporated in the biases showing better potential.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.D(2024)·4 citations
23. 23*

    Schwarzschild-like Topological Solitons

    Ibrahima Bah🇺🇸 · Pierre Heidmann🇺🇸 · Peter Weck🇺🇸

    We construct the first class of topological solitons in gravity that are supported by internal electromagnetic flux with vanishing net charges. The solutions are obtained in a six-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory with a three-form flux, and admit an uplift to type IIB supergravity on T${}^4$. They are asymptotic to a torus fibration over four-dimensional Minkowski spacetime. An interesting class corresponds to solitons with a BPS particle and its anti-BPS partner held apart by a vacuum bubble. In type IIB, they correspond to bound states of BPS and anti-BPS D1-D5 extremal black holes. These metrics are a particular limit of a larger class of axially symmetric metrics that we construct and that describe smooth horizonless topological solitons. They correspond to bound states of three non-BPS bubbles on a line. An important achievement is that the outer bubbles can carry arbitrary D1-D5 charges that we can tune to vanishing net charges. We discuss their properties and compare them to a four-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole of the same mass. We show that they have a long throat with a large redshift, and that they are ultra-compact with a characteristic size of 1.52 times the Schwarzschild radius.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phJHEP(2022)·52 citations
24. 24*

    Anti-brane uplift instability from goldstino condensation

    Gianguido Dall'Agata🇮🇹 · Maxim Emelin🇮🇹 · Fotis Farakos🇮🇹 · Matteo Morittu🇮🇹

    We investigate the possible appearance of composite states of the goldstino in models with four-dimensional non-linear supersymmetry and we provide a description of their dynamics in terms of a Kähler potential and a superpotential. Our analysis shows that the critical point corresponding to the Volkov-Akulov model is unstable. Similarly, we find that the uplifted stable de Sitter critical point of the KKLT model is shifted and acquires a tachyonic instability. Our findings indicate the existence of a potentially dangerous instability shared by all anti-brane uplifts.

    ↳ hep-thcond-mat.stat-mechhep-phJHEP(2022)·19 citations
25. 25*

    Graph Neural Networks in Particle Physics: Implementations, Innovations, and Challenges

    Savannah Thais🇺🇸 · Paolo Calafiura🇺🇸 · Grigorios Chachamis🇵🇹 · Gage DeZoort🇺🇸 · Javier Duarte🇺🇸 · Sanmay Ganguly🇯🇵 · Michael Kagan🇺🇸 · Daniel Murnane🇺🇸 · Mark S. Neubauer🇺🇸 · Kazuhiro Terao🇺🇸

    Many physical systems can be best understood as sets of discrete data with associated relationships. Where previously these sets of data have been formulated as series or image data to match the available machine learning architectures, with the advent of graph neural networks (GNNs), these systems can be learned natively as graphs. This allows a wide variety of high- and low-level physical features to be attached to measurements and, by the same token, a wide variety of HEP tasks to be accomplished by the same GNN architectures. GNNs have found powerful use-cases in reconstruction, tagging, generation and end-to-end analysis. With the wide-spread adoption of GNNs in industry, the HEP community is well-placed to benefit from rapid improvements in GNN latency and memory usage. However, industry use-cases are not perfectly aligned with HEP and much work needs to be done to best match unique GNN capabilities to unique HEP obstacles. We present here a range of these capabilities, predictions of which are currently being well-adopted in HEP communities, and which are still immature. We hope to capture the landscape of graph techniques in machine learning as well as point out the most significant gaps that are inhibiting potentially large leaps in research.

    ↳ hep-excs.LGhep-ph57 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.