Tue·Mar 8, 2022Tuesday·March 8, 2022

1. 01*

   Resonance $X(4630)$

   S. S. Agaev🇦🇿 · K. Azizi🇮🇷 · H. Sundu🇹🇷

   We investigate the structure $X(4630)$ discovered by the LHCb collaboration in the process $B^{+}\to J/\psi \varphi K^{+}$ as a resonance in the $J/\psi \varphi$ mass distribution. We explore this resonance as a diquark-antidiquark state $X=[cs][\overline{c}\overline{s}]$ with spin-parities $J^{\mathrm{PC}}=1^{-+}$. Its mass and current coupling are calculated using the QCD two-point sum rule method by taking into account vacuum condensates up to dimension $10$. We also study decays of this tetraquark to mesons $J/\psi \varphi$, ${\eta }_c{\eta }^{(\prime )}$, and ${\chi }_{c1}{\eta }^{(\prime )}$, and compute partial widths of these channels. To this end, we employ the light-cone sum rule approach and technical methods of soft-meson approximation to extract strong coupling at relevant tetraquark-meson-meson vertices. Our predictions for the mass $m=(4632\pm 60)\mathrm{MeV}$ and width $\Gamma =(159\pm 31)\mathrm{MeV}$ of $X$ are in a very nice agreement with recent measurements of the LHCb collaboration. These results allow us to interpret the resonance $X(4630)$ as the tetraquark $X$ with spin-parities $J^{\mathrm{PC}}=1^{-+}$.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latPRD(2022)·13 citations
2. 02*

   The Status and Future of Color Transparency and Nuclear Filtering

   P. Jain🇮🇳 · B. Pire🇫🇷 · J.P. Ralston🇺🇸

   40 years after its introduction, the phenomenon of color transparency remains a domain of controversial interpretations of experimental data. We review present evidence for or against its manifestation in various exclusive hard scattering reactions. The nuclear transparency experiments reveal whether short distance processes dominate a scattering amplitude at some given kinematical point. We plead for a new round of nuclear transparency measurements in a variety of experimental set-ups, including near-forward exclusive reactions related to generalized parton distribution (GPD) physics and near-backward exclusive reactions related to transition distribution amplitudes (TDA) physics.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-thMDPI Physics(2022)·9 citations
3. 03*

   Thermal hadron resonances in chiral and $U(1{)}_A$ restoration

   Angel Gómez Nicola🇪🇸 · Jacobo Ruiz de Elvira🇪🇸 · Andrea Vioque-Rodríguez🇪🇸

   We review recent work on thermal resonances and their connection with chiral symmetry and $U(1{)}_A$ restoration within the QCD phase diagram. In particular, the $f_0(500)$ and $K_0^{\ast }(700)$ states generated from $\pi \pi$ and $\pi K$ scattering within Unitarized Chiral Perturbation Theory (ChPT) at finite temperature allow one to describe scalar susceptibilities, which combined with Ward Identities yield interesting conclusions regarding the interplay between chiral and $U(1{)}_A$ restoration, key to understand the nature of the transition

   hep-phRev.Mex.Fis.Suppl.(2022)·1 citation
4. 04*

   Consequences of neutron decay inside neutron stars

   Wasif Husain🇦🇺 · Theo F. Motta🇦🇺 · Anthony W. Thomas🇦🇺

   The hypothesis that neutrons might decay into dark matter is explored using neutron stars as a testing ground. It is found that in order to obtain stars with masses at the upper end of those observed, the dark matter must experience a relatively strong self-interaction. Conservation of baryon number and energy then require that the star must undergo some heating, with a decrease in radius, leading to an increase in speed of rotation over a period of days.

   hep-phnucl-thJCAP(2022)·42 citations
5. 05*

   Azimuthal angular correlation as a new boosted top jet substructure

   Zhite Yu🇺🇸 · C.-P. Yuan🇺🇸

   When a top quark is highly boosted, the $W$ boson from its decay has a substantial linear polarization that results in a $\cos 2\varphi$ azimuthal angular correlation among the top decay products. We show that this correlation can be measured for hadronically decayed boosted tops, and its magnitude provides a way to measure the longitudinal polarization of top quark, which is an important probe of new physics that couples to top sector.

   hep-ph1 citation
6. 06*

   Atomic Size Pearls being Dark Matter giving Electron Signal

   C. D. Froggatt🇬🇧 · H.B. Nielsen🇩🇰

   We seek to explain both the seeming observation of dark matter by the seasonal variation of the DAMA-LIBRA data and the observation of "electron recoil" events at Xenon1T in which the liquid Xe scintillator was excited by electrons - in excess to the expected background - by the same dark matter model. In our model the dark matter consists of bubbles of a new type of vacuum containing ordinary atomic matter, say diamond, under high pressure ensured by the surface tension of the separation domain wall. We also seek to explain the self interactions of dark matter suggested by astronomical studies of dwarf galaxies and the central structure of galaxy clusters. The interaction with matter in the shielding is responsible for slowing the dark matter down to a low terminal velocity, so underground detectors have insufficient energy for detection. Further we explain the "mysterious" X-ray line of 3.5 keV, even the 3.5 keV X-ray radiation from the Tycho supernova remnant. The DAMA-LIBRA and Xenon1T experiments see decaying dark matter pearls. Both these underground experiments see events with about 3.5 keV energy, just the energy of the X-ray line. We fit numerically the cross section over mass ratio for the self interaction of the dark matter as observed in the study of dwarf galaxies and find the size of the pearls to be rather close to the smallest possible in our model. However DAMA cause some problem to get heavier pearls. Also the total energy of the dark matter pearls stopped in the shield is reasonably matching. Accepting the different phases of the vacuum the model could be realized inside the Standard Model, our whole scheme could be realized inside the Standard Model.

   hep-ph7 citations
7. 07*

   Entropy production in longitudinally expanding Yang-Mills field with use of Husimi function$-$semiclassical approximation

   Hidefumi Matsuda🇯🇵 · Teiji Kunihiro🇯🇵 · Akira Ohnishi🇯🇵 · Toru T. Takahashi🇯🇵

   We investigate the possible thermalization process of the highly occupied and weakly coupled Yang-Mills fields expanding along the beam axis through an evaluation of the entropy, particle number, and pressure anisotropy. The time evolution of the system is calculated by solving the equation of motion for the Wigner function in the semiclassical approximation with initial conditions mimicking the glasma. For the evaluation of the entropy, we adopt the Husimi-Wehrl (HW) entropy, which is obtained by using the Husimi function, a positive semidefinite quantum distribution function given by smearing the Wigner function. By numerical calculations at $g=0.1$ and $0.2$, the entropy production is found to occur together with the particle creation in two distinct stages: In the first stage, the particle number and the entropy at low longitudinal momenta grow rapidly. In the second stage, the particle number and the entropy of higher longitudinal momentum modes show slower increase. The pressure anisotropy remains in our simulation and implies that the system is still out-of-equilibrium.

   hep-phPTEP(2022)·7 citations
8. 08*

   Two dynamical generated $a_0$ resonances by interactions between vector mesons

   Zheng-Li Wang🇨🇳 · Bing-Song Zou🇨🇳

   We study dynamically generated $a_0$ resonances by interactions between vector mesons including their coupling to channels of pseudoscalar mesons within coupled-channel approach. Both vector and pseudoscalar mesons are considered as $t$-channel exchanged mesons for calculating interactions between vector mesons. Analogous to $a_0(980)$ as a $K\bar{K}-\pi \eta$ dynamically generated state, there is an $a_0(1710)$ as a coupled channel dynamically generated state near $K^{\ast }{\bar{K}}^{\ast }$ threshold. The channels involved are $\rho \varphi ,K^{\ast }{\bar{K}}^{\ast },\rho \omega ,K\bar{K},\pi \eta$. This $a_0$ mainly decays to $\rho \omega$, $\pi \eta$ and $K\bar{K}$. This pole is much tied to the coupled channel effect. If we turn off either $\rho \varphi$ or $K^{\ast }{\bar{K}}^{\ast }$, the pole disappears. In addition, it is found that $a_0(1450)$ may also be dynamically generated by $\rho \omega$ interactions due to $\pi$ and $\eta$ exchange.

   hep-phEPJC(2022)·35 citations
9. 09*

   From topological amplitude to rescattering dynamics in doubly charmed baryon decays

   Di Wang🇨🇳

   The doubly charmed baryon ${\Xi }_{cc}^{++}$ was observed by LHCb cooperation in 2017. The branching fractions of two-body doubly charmed baryon decays were predicted in the framework of rescattering mechanism, and some $SU(3{)}_F$ relations were investigated in the topological amplitudes. In this work, we study the correlation between topological diagram at quark level and rescattering triangle diagram at hadron level in the doubly charmed baryon decay. The completeness of our framework is confirmed from the fact that all the twelve possible structures of meson-baryon scattering appear once each in the the intermediate form between topological diagram and triangle diagram, topological-scattering diagram. It is found the triangle diagrams derived from the topological diagrams are consistent with the ones derived directly from the chiral Lagrangian. The relative magnitudes of rescattering contributions in the $C$, $C^{\prime }$, $E$, $E^{\prime }$, $P$ and $P^{\prime }$ diagrams extracted from $SU(3{)}_F$ symmetry are consistent with the numerical analysis in literature. Taking ${\Xi }_{cc}^{++}\to {\Xi }_c^{+}{\pi }^{+}$, ${\Xi }_{cc}^{+}\to {\Xi }_c^0{\pi }^{+}$ and ${\Xi }_{cc}^{+}\to {\Xi }_c^{+}{\pi }^0$ modes as examples, we show the isospin relation is satisfied in terms of triangle diagrams.

   hep-phPRD(2022)·7 citations
10. 10*

    Properties of doubly heavy baryons in QCD

    T.M.Aliev · S.Bilmis

    The study of the properties of doubly heavy baryons represents a promising area in particle physics. It can provide us with information about Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix elements and the low energy dynamics of QCD. They have a very rich phenomenology. The investigation of weak, electromagnetic, and strong decays has vital importance for understanding the dynamics of doubly heavy baryons. The main ingredients of such studies are the spectroscopic parameters, the strong coupling constants, and the transition form factors. For calculations of these quantities, non-perturbative methods are needed. One of these methods is the QCD sum rules. In the present work, we review our studies on the properties of the doubly heavy baryons within the sum rules method, focusing mainly on the mass and strong coupling constants of the doubly heavy baryons. In addition, the radiative decays of doubly heavy baryons are estimated using the vector dominance model. We also make few remarks on the semileptonic decays of the doubly heavy baryons.

    hep-phTurk.J.Phys.(2022)·16 citations
11. 11*

    Revisiting the pion Regge trajectories

    Jiao-Kai Chen🇨🇳

    We propose a model-independent ansatz $M={\beta }_x{\left(x+c_0\right)}^{\nu }+c_1$ ($x=l,n_r$) and then use it to fit the orbital and radial pion Regge trajectories without the preset values. It is shown that nonzero $c_1$ is reasonable and acceptable. Nonzero $c_1$ gives an explanation for the nonlinearity of the pion Regge trajectories in the usually employed $(M^2,x)$ plane. As $m_R$ or $c_1$ is chosen appropriately, both the orbital and radial pion Regge trajectories are linear in the $((M-m_R{)}^2,x)$ plane whether the ${\pi }^0$ is included or not on the Regge trajectories. The fitted pion Regge trajectories suggest $0.45\le \nu \le 0.5$, which indicates the confining potential $r^a$ with $9/11\le a\le 1$. Moreover, it is illustrated in the appendix B that $m_R$ can be nonzero for the light nonstrange mesons. We present discussions in the appendix A on the structure of the Regge trajectories plotted in the $(M,x)$ plane and on the structure of the Regge trajectories in the $((M-m_R{)}^2,x)$ plane based on the potential models and the string models.

    hep-phNPB(2022)·18 citations
12. 12*

    Fitting the exotic hadron spectrum with an additional quark

    Scott Chapman🇺🇸

    Most of the exotic hidden-charm hadrons discovered over the last 20 years fit neatly into the quark model as normal mesons and baryons if the existence of a seventh flavor of quark is hypothesized. For the quark to reproduce the spectrum (mass, spin, parity) of exotic hadrons, it would have to have a mass of $\sim$2.9 GeV and a charge of $-\frac{1}{3}$. The observed production and decay modes of these hadrons can be reproduced by a model that also includes light scalar bosons.

    hep-phPoS(2026)·2 citations
13. 13*

    Study of CP violation in hyperon decays at Super Charm-Tau Factories with a polarized electron beam

    Nora Salone (1)🇵🇱 · Patrik Adlarson (2)🇸🇪 · Varvara Batozskaya (1 and 3)🇵🇱 · Andrzej Kupsc (1 and 2)🇸🇪 · Stefan Leupold (2)🇸🇪 · Jusak Tandean (4) ((1) NCBJ, Poland (2) Uppsala University, Sweden (3) IHEP, China (4) Surabaya, Indonesia)🇮🇩

    Non-leptonic two-body weak decays of baryons are an important tool to probe the combined charge-conjugation--parity symmetry (CP) violation. We explain why the decays of strange baryons provide complementary information to the decays of kaons. A model-independent parameterization of the non-leptonic decays of the $\Lambda$- and $\Xi$-baryons is reviewed, and the amplitudes are updated according to the latest experimental input. We demonstrate the potential of performing precision tests in strange baryon decays at the next generation electron-positron $J/\psi$ factories with luminosity of $10^{35}$ cm${}^{-2}$s${}^{-1}$. The copious production of spin-entangled hyperon-antihyperon pairs via the $J/\psi$ resonance allows for a direct comparison of the baryon and antibaryon decay properties. Using analytic approximations and numerical calculations, we study the quantitative impact of spin correlations and polarization in such CP tests. We show that by using a longitudinally-polarized electron beam, the statistical precision of the CP tests can be significantly improved compared to the experiments without polarized beams. Furthermore, we map out further directions for possible improvements, like analysis of incompletely reconstructed events or a combination of the isospin related processes. Altogether, these methods are promising for the observation of a statistically significant CP-violation signal with a strength corresponding to the standard model predictions. Our conclusions should encourage more detailed feasibility studies, including optimisation of the measurement methods and studies of systematic effects. Finally, our results call for an update of the theory predictions with increased precision.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·64 citations
14. 14*

    Axion electrodynamics and magnetohydrodynamics

    Jai-chan Hwang🇰🇷 · Hyerim Noh🇰🇷

    We formulate axion-electrodynamics and magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) in the cosmological context assuming weak gravity. The two formulations are made for a general scalar field with general $f(\varphi )$-coupling, and an axion as a massive scalar field with ${\varphi }^2$-coupling, with the helical electromagnetic field. The $\alpha$-dynamo term appears naturally from the helical coupling in the MHD formulation. In the presence of the electromagnetic coupling, however, the Schrödinger and hydrodynamic formulations of the coherently oscillating axion are {\it not} available for the conventional $\varphi$ coupling; instead, ${\varphi }^2$ coupling allows successful formulations preserving the dark matter nature of the axion to nonlinear order. In the MHD formulation, direct couplings between the scalar and electromagnetic fields appear only for non-ideal MHD. We study gravitational and magnetic instabilities of the scalar field and axion MHDs.

    hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qchep-thPRD(2022)·6 citations
15. 15*

    Charm Physics at the Super $\tau$-Charm Factory

    Hai-Yang Cheng (1)🇹🇼 · Xiao-Rui Lyu (2)🇨🇳 · Zhi-Zhong Xing (2,3) ((1) Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, (3) Institute of High Energy Physics)🇨🇳

    The high-luminosity Super $\tau$-Charm Factory (STCF) will be a crucial facility for charm-physics research, particularly for the precise measurement of electroweak parameters, measuring $D^0$-${\bar{D}}^0$ mixing parameters, investigating Charge-Parity (CP) violation within the charm sector, searching for the rare and forbidden decays of charmed hadrons, and addressing other foundational questions related to charmed hadrons. With the world's largest charm-threshold data, the STCF aims to achieve high sensitivity in studying the strong phase of neutral $D$ mesons using quantum correlation, complementing studies at LHCb and Belle II, and contributing to the understanding of CP violations globally. The STCF will also enable world-leading precision in measuring the leptonic decays of charmed mesons and baryons, providing constraints on the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix and strong-force dynamics. Additionally, the STCF will explore charmed hadron spectroscopy. The advanced detector and clean experimental environment of the STCF will enable unprecedented precision, help address key challenges in the Standard Model, and facilitate the search for potential new physics.

    hep-phhep-exChin.Phys.Lett.(2025)·17 citations
16. 16*

    The Production of Singly Charmed Pentaquark $\bar{c}qqqq$ from Bottom Baryon

    Ye Xing🇨🇳 · Wan-Liang Liu🇨🇳 · Yi-Hua Xiao🇨🇳

    In the paper, we study the production of pentaquark $\bar{c}qqqq$ from singly bottom baryon. The tensor representations of pentaquark $\bar{c}qqqq$ are completed at first. Under the light quark symmetry analysis, we decompose the singly charmed pentaquarks into $6$, $15$ and $15^{\prime }$ multiple states, and deduce the representations of these states. Then we construct the production Hamiltonian of the multiple states in proper order. For completeness, we systematically study the production channels of pentaquark states, including the possible production amplitudes and cross section relations between different channels. Ultimately, we screen out some advantageous channels, which expected to be fairly valuable supports for future search experiments.

    hep-phEPJC(2022)·10 citations
17. 17*

    Duality Symmetric Electrodynamics in Curved Spacetime

    Anton V. Sokolov🇩🇪

    We derive Maxwell equations for electric and magnetic fields in curved spacetime from first principles, relaxing an unnecessary assumption on the structure of the four-potential inherent to the standard approach and thus restoring the full consistency with the equivalence principle in the following two important cases: first, if the electromagnetic field is considered as a physical entity separate from the charged particles used to measure it, and second, if hypothetical magnetically charged particles are allowed to exist. We find that in a generic curved spacetime, the electromagnetic field has to be described by two pairs of electric and magnetic fields, instead of the only one pair which is enough in the flat spacetime case.

    hep-phgr-qchep-exhep-th9 citations
18. 18*

    Displaced Searches for Light Vector Bosons at Belle II

    Triparno Bandyopadhyay🇮🇳 · Sabyasachi Chakraborty🇺🇸 · Sokratis Trifinopoulos🇮🇹

    With a design luminosity of 50 ab${}^{-1}$ and detectors with tracking capabilities extending beyond 1 m, the Belle II experiment is the perfect laboratory for the search of particles that couple weakly to the Standard Model and have a characteristic decay length of a few centimetres and more. We show that for models of dark photons and other light vector bosons, Belle II will be successful in probing regions of parameter space which are as of now unexplored by any experiment. In addition, for models where the vector boson couples sub-dominantly to the electron and quarks as compared to muons, e.g. in the $L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }$ model, Belle II will probe regions of mass and couplings compatible with the anomalous magnetic moment of muon. We discuss these results and derive the projected sensitivity of Belle II for a handful of other models. Finally, even with the currently accumulated data, $\sim 200$ fb${}^{-1}$, Belle II should be able to cover regions of parameter space pertaining to the X(17) boson postulated to solve the ATOMKI anomaly.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2022)·22 citations
19. 19*

    Gluon TMDs and inelastic $J/\psi$ leptoproduction at the EIC

    U. D'Alesio🇮🇹 · A. Mukherjee🇮🇳 · F. Murgia🇮🇹 · C. Pisano🇮🇹 · S. Rajesh🇮🇹

    We study the Sivers azimuthal asymmetry for $J/\psi$ production in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering, and the still poorly known gluon Sivers function. We concentrate on the $J/\psi$ low transverse momentum region, employing the transverse-momentum dependent generalised parton model (GPM), and its colour gauge invariant extension (CGI-GPM), which includes final-state interactions at leading order. We adopt the nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) framework for the quarkonium formation mechanism, and compare our results for the unpolarised cross section and the Sivers asymmetry with available data, respectively from HERA and COMPASS. Finally, we give estimates for the asymmetry in the kinematical regime of the future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC).

    hep-phJPS Conf.Proc.(2022)·2 citations
20. 20*

    Search for noncommutative interactions in $\gamma \gamma \to \gamma \gamma$ process at the LHC

    S.C. İnan🇹🇷 · A.V. Kisselev🇷🇺

    The noncommutative QED (NCQED) has a non-Abelian nature due to the presence of 3- and 4-photon vertices in the lagrangian. Thus, NCQED predicts a new physics contribution to the $\gamma \gamma \to \gamma \gamma$ scattering already at the tree level. We have examined NCQED by studying the light-by-light process at the 14 TeV LHC with intact protons. Our results show that the NC scale up to ${\Lambda }_{\mathrm{NC}}=1.65(1.35)$ TeV can be probed in the $pp\to p(\gamma \gamma )p\to p^{\prime }(\gamma \gamma )p^{\prime }$ collision for the time-space (space-space) NC parameters. These bounds are stronger than the limits that can be obtained in the light-by-light scattering at high energy linear colliders.

    hep-phhep-exhep-thEPJC(2022)·3 citations
21. 21*

    Fully heavy pentaquark states in constituent quark model

    Hong-Tao An🇨🇳 · Si-Qiang Luo🇨🇳 · Zhan-Wei Liu🇨🇳 · Xiang Liu🇨🇳

    The LHCb collaboration reported a fully charmed tetraquark state X(6900) in the invariant mass spectrum of $J/\psi$ pairs in 2020. This discovery inspires us to further study the fully heavy pentaquark system. In this work, we investigate systematically all possible configurations for ground fully heavy pentaquark system via the variational method in the constituent quark model. According to our calculations, we further analyze the relative lengths between quarks and the contributions to the pentaquark masses from different terms of the Hamiltonian. We think no stable states exist in fully heavy pentaquark system. We hope that our study will be helpful to explore for fully heavy pentaquark states.

    hep-phPRD(2022)·28 citations
22. 22*

    Lepton masses and mixing in a three-Higgs doublet model

    Joris Vergeest🇵🇱 · Marek Zrałek🇵🇱 · Bartosz Dziewit🇵🇱 · Piotr Chaber🇵🇱

    In the three-Higgs doublet model (3HDM) frame, we search for discrete flavour symmetries that give relations among the lepton masses and their mixing angles. We explore discreet non-Abelian groups of order less than 1035, treating neutrinos as Majorana or Dirac particles. Despite the free dynamic parameters available in the model, none of the groups fully predicts the lepton data. However, some of the scanned groups provide either the correct neutrino masses and mixing angles or the correct masses of the charged leptons. $\Delta (96)$ is the smallest group compatible with the experimental data of neutrino masses and PMNS mixing. $S_4$ is an approximate symmetry of Dirac neutrino mixing, with parameters staying about $3\sigma$ apart from the measured ${\theta }_{12}$, ${\theta }_{23}$, ${\theta }_{13}$.

    hep-ph4 citations
23. 23*

    Ground state hyperfine structure of light muon-electron ions

    R. N. Faustov (FRC CSC RAS)🇷🇺 · V. I. Korobov (BLTP JINR)🇷🇺 · A. P. Martynenko (Samara University)🇷🇺 · F. A. Martynenko (Samara University)🇷🇺

    The ground state hyperfine splitting of light muon-electron ions of lithium, beryllium, boron and helium is calculated on the basis of analytical perturbation theory in terms of small parameters of the fine structure constant and electron-muon mass ratio. The corrections of vacuum polarization, nuclear structure and recoil effects and electron vertex corrections are taken into account. The dependence of the corrections on the nucleus charge Z is studied. The obtained total values of hyperfine splitting intervals can be used for comparison with future experimental data.

    hep-phphysics.atom-phPRA(2022)·6 citations
24. 24*

    Minimal Consistent Dark Matter models for systematic experimental characterisation: Fermion Dark Matter

    Alexander Belyaev🇬🇧 · Giacomo Cacciapaglia🇫🇷 · Daniel Locke🇬🇧 · Alexander Pukhov🇬🇧

    The search for a Dark Matter particle is the new grail and hard-sought nirvana of the particle physics community. From the theoretical side, it is the main challenge to provide a consistent and model-independent tool for comparing the bounds and reach of the diverse experiments. We propose a first complete classification of minimal consistent Dark Matter models, which provides the missing link between experiments and top-down models. Consistency is achieved by imposing renormalisability and invariance under the full Standard Model symmetries. We apply this paradigm to fermionic Dark multiplets with up to one mediator. We also reconsider the one-loop contributions to direct detection, including the relevant effect of (small) mass splits in the Dark multiplet. Our work highlights the presence of unexplored viable models, and paves the way for the ultimate systematic hunt for the Dark Matter particle.

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2022)·16 citations
25. 25*

    A Search for Low-mass Dark Matter via Bremsstrahlung Radiation and the Migdal Effect in SuperCDMS

    SuperCDMS Collaboration · Musaab Al-Bakry · Imran Alkhatib · Dorian Praia do Amaral · Taylor Aralis · Tsuguo Aramaki · Isaac Arnquist · Iman Ataee Langroudy · Elham Azadbakht · Samir Banik · Corey Bathurst · Dan Bauer and 119 other authors

    In this paper, we present a re-analysis of SuperCDMS data using a profile likelihood approach to search for sub-GeV dark matter particles (DM) through two inelastic scattering channels: bremsstrahlung radiation and the Migdal effect. By considering possible inelastic scattering channels, experimental sensitivity can be extended to DM masses that would otherwise be undetectable through the DM-nucleon elastic scattering channel, given the energy threshold of current experiments. We exclude DM masses down to $220\text{MeV}/c^2$ at $2.7\times 10^{-30}{\text{cm}}^2$ via the bremsstrahlung channel. The Migdal channel search excludes DM masses down to $30\text{MeV}/c^2$ at $5.0\times 10^{-30}{\text{cm}}^2$.

    ↳ hep-exhep-ph19 citations
26. 26*

    Unstable Nambu-Goldstone modes

    Naoki Yamamoto🇯🇵 · Ryo Yokokura🇯🇵

    Nambu-Goldstone (NG) modes for 0-form and higher-form symmetries can become unstable in the presence of background fields. Examples include the instability of a photon with a time-dependent axion background or with a chirality imbalance, known as the chiral plasma instability, and the instability of a dynamical axion with a background electric field. We show that all these phenomena can be universally described by a symmetry algebra for 0-form and higher-form symmetries. We prove a counting rule for the number of unstable NG modes in terms of correlation functions of broken symmetry generators. Based on our unified description, we further give a simple new example where one of the NG modes associated with the spontaneous 0-form symmetry breaking $U(1)\times U(1)\to \{1\}$ becomes unstable.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COcond-mat.mes-hallhep-phPRD(2022)·6 citations
27. 27*

    Varying fine-structure constant cosmography

    C. J. A. P. Martins🇵🇹 · F. P. S. A. Ferreira🇵🇹 · P. V. Marto🇵🇹

    Cosmography is a phenomenological and relatively model-independent approach to cosmology, where physical quantities are expanded as a Taylor series in the cosmological redshift, or in related variables. Here we apply this methodology to constrain possible cosmological variations of the fine-structure constant, $\alpha$. Two peculiarities of this case are the existence of high-redshift data, and the fact that one term in the series is directly and tightly constraint by local laboratory tests with atomic clocks. We use this atomic clock data, together with direct model-independent high-resolution astrophysical spectroscopy measurements of $\alpha$ up to redshift $z\sim 7$ and additional model-dependent constraints on $\alpha$ from the cosmic microwave background and big bang nucleosynthesis, to place stringent (parts per million level) constraints on the first two terms in the $\alpha$ cosmographic series.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPLB(2022)·15 citations
28. 28*

    Improved Hamiltonians for Quantum Simulations

    Marcela Carena🇺🇸 · Henry Lamm🇺🇸 · Ying-Ying Li🇺🇸 · Wanqiang Liu🇺🇸

    Quantum simulations of lattice gauge theories for the foreseeable future will be hampered by limited resources. The historical success of improved lattice actions in classical simulations strongly suggests that Hamiltonians with improved discretization errors will reduce quantum resources, i.e. require $\gtrsim 2^d$ fewer qubits in quantum simulations for lattices with $d$ spatial dimensions. In this work, we consider $\mathcal{O}(a^2)$-improved Hamiltonians for pure gauge theories and design the corresponding quantum circuits for its real-time evolution in terms of primitive gates. An explicit demonstration for ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ gauge theory is presented including exploratory tests using the ibm_perth device.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phquant-phPRL(2022)·76 citations
29. 29*

    The odderon discovery by the D0 and TOTEM collaborations

    Christophe Royon🇺🇸

    We describe the discovery of the colorless $C$-odd gluonic compound, the odderon, by the D0 and TOTEM Collaborations by comparing elastic differential cross sections measured in $pp$ and $p\bar{p}$ interactions at high energies.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phnucl-exRev.Mex.Fis.Suppl.(2022)·3 citations
30. 30*

    Hadron Spectroscopy with Lattice QCD

    John Bulava🇩🇪 · Raúl Briceño🇺🇸 · William Detmold🇺🇸 · Michael Döring🇺🇸 · Robert G. Edwards🇺🇸 · Anthony Francis🇨🇭 · Francesco Knechtli🇩🇪 · Randy Lewis🇨🇦 · Sasa Prelovsek🇸🇮 · Sinéad M. Ryan🇮🇪 · Akaki Rusetsky🇩🇪 · Stephen R. Sharpe🇺🇸 and 4 other authors

    The status and prospects for investigations of exotic and conventional hadrons with lattice QCD are discussed. The majority of hadrons decay strongly via one or multiple decay-channels, including most of the experimentally discovered exotic hadrons. Despite this difficult challenge, the properties of several hadronic resonances have been determined within lattice QCD. To further discern the spectroscopic properties of various hadrons and to help resolve their nature we present our suggestions for future analytic and lattice studies.

    ↳ hep-lathep-ph41 citations
31. 31*

    Neural network approach to reconstructing spectral functions and complex poles of confined particles

    Thibault Lechien🇧🇪 · David Dudal🇧🇪

    Reconstructing spectral functions from propagator data is difficult as solving the analytic continuation problem or applying an inverse integral transformation are ill-conditioned problems. Recent work has proposed using neural networks to solve this problem and has shown promising results, either matching or improving upon the performance of other methods. We generalize this approach by not only reconstructing spectral functions, but also (possible) pairs of complex poles or an infrared (IR) cutoff. We train our network on physically motivated toy functions, examine the reconstruction accuracy and check its robustness to noise. Encouraging results are found on both toy functions and genuine lattice QCD data for the gluon propagator, suggesting that this approach may lead to significant improvements over current state-of-the-art methods.

    ↳ hep-latcs.LGhep-phphysics.comp-phSciPost Phys.(2022)·19 citations
32. 32*

    New constraints on axion-gauge field dynamics during inflation from $Planck$ and BICEP/Keck data sets

    Paolo Campeti🇩🇪 · Ogan Özsoy🇨🇿 · Ippei Obata🇩🇪 · Maresuke Shiraishi🇯🇵

    We present new constraints on spectator axion-$\mathrm{U}(1)$ gauge field interactions during inflation using the latest $Planck$ (PR4) and BICEP/Keck 2018 data releases. This model can source tensor perturbations from amplified gauge field fluctuations, driven by an axion rolling for a few e-folds during inflation. The gravitational waves sourced in this way have a strongly scale-dependent (and chiral) spectrum, with potentially visible contributions to large/intermediate scale $B$-modes of the CMB. We first derive theoretical bounds on the model imposing validity of the perturbative regime and negligible backreaction of the gauge field on the background dynamics. Then, we determine bounds from current CMB observations, adopting a frequentist profile likelihood approach. We study the behaviour of constraints for typical choices of the model's parameters, analyzing the impact of different dataset combinations. We find that observational bounds are competitive with theoretical ones and together they exclude a significant portion of the model's parameter space. We argue that the parameter space still remains large and interesting for future CMB experiments targeting large/intermediate scales $B$-modes.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thJCAP(2022)·31 citations
33. 33*

    Potential of the MeerKAT telescope to detect the stimulated decay of axion-like particles

    Ahmed Ayad🇿🇦 · Geoff Beck🇿🇦

    A prominent aspect of the hunt for cold dark matter is looking for light scalar candidates such as axion-like particles (ALPs). The coupling between ALPs and photons allows for the spontaneous decay of ALPs into pairs of photons. It has been previously shown that stimulated ALP decay rates can become significant on cosmic time scales. Furthermore, it has been claimed, in several recent works, that ALPs can gravitationally thermalize and form macroscopic condensates. Consequently, the photon occupation number of ambient populations (like the cosmic microwave background) can receive Bose enhancement in dense ALP clumps and grows exponentially. For cold dark matter ALPs, this can lead to radio emissions produced from this process and could be observed by the forthcoming radio telescopes. In this work, we investigate the detectability of such a radio signature from some astrophysical targets using the MeerKAT radio telescopes. The results show that the MeerKAT telescope is able to probe the ALPs parameter space with limits reaching the current level of the CAST experiment and the potential level of the IAXO experiment with an arcminute visibility taper.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-ph0 citations
34. 34*

    Observable Signatures of Cosmic Rays Transport in Starburst Galaxies on Gamma-ray and Neutrino Observations

    A. Ambrosone🇮🇹 · M. Chianese🇮🇹 · D.F.G. Fiorillo🇩🇰 · A. Marinelli🇮🇹 · G. Miele🇮🇹

    The gamma-ray emission from Starburst and Starforming Galaxies (SBGs and SFGs) strongly suggest a correlation between star-forming activity and gamma-ray luminosity. However, the very nature of cosmic-ray (CR) transport and the degree of their confinement within SBG cores are still open questions. We aim at probing the imprints left by CR transport on gamma-ray and neutrino observations of point-like SFGs and SBGs, looking into quantitative ways to discriminate among different transport models. Moreover, following the reported scenarios, we quantitatively assess the SBGs and SFGs contribution to the Extra-galactic Gamma-Ray Background (EGB data) and the IceCube diffuse observations (HESE data). We analyse the 10-year Fermi-LAT spectral energy distributions of 13 nearby galaxies with two different CR transport models, taking into account the corresponding IR and UV observations. We generate mock gamma-ray data to simulate the CTA performance in detecting these sources. In the way, we propose a test to discriminate between the two CR models, quantifying the statistical confidence at which one model can be preferred over the other. We point out that current data already give a slight preference to CR models which are dominated by advection in their nucleus. Moreover, we show that CTA will allow us to firmly disfavour models dominated by diffusion over self-induced turbulence, compared to advection-dominated models, with Bayes factors which can be as large as $10^7$ for some of the SBGs. Finally, we estimate the diffuse gamma-ray and neutrino fluxes of SFGs and SBGs, showing that they can explain $25\%$ of the diffuse HESE data, while remaining consistent with gamma-ray limits on non-blazar sources.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phMNRAS(2022)·20 citations
35. 35*

    Multiparticle Amplitudes in a Scalar EFT

    Valentin V. Khoze🇬🇧 · Sebastian Schenk🇬🇧

    At sufficiently high energies the production of a very large number of particles is kinematically allowed. However, it is well-known that already in the simplest case of a weakly-coupled massive $\lambda {\phi }^4$ theory, $n$-particle amplitudes become non-perturbative in the limit where $n$ scales with energy. In this case, the effective expansion parameter, $\lambda n$, is no longer small and the perturbative approach breaks down. In general, the associated $n$-particle production rates were argued to be described by an exponential that, depending on the specifics of the underlying Quantum Field Theory model, could be either growing or decaying in the large-$n$ regime. We investigate such processes in general settings of Effective Field Theory (EFT), involving arbitrary higher-dimensional operators of $\phi$. We perform the resummation of all leading loop corrections arising from EFT vertices for amplitudes at the multiparticle threshold. We find that the net effect of higher-dimensional operators amounts to an exponentially growing factor. We show that if an exponential growth was already generated by the renormalizable interactions, it would then be further enhanced by the EFT contributions. On the other hand, if the multiparticle rates computed in the renormalizable part of the theory were suppressed, this suppression would not be lifted in the EFT.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2022)·6 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.