Tue·Mar 1, 2022Tuesday·March 1, 2022

1. 01*

   Supersymmetric explanation of the muon g-2 anomaly with and without stable neutralino

   Manimala Chakraborti🇵🇱 · Sho Iwamoto🇭🇺 · Jong Soo Kim🇿🇦 · Rafał Masełek🇵🇱 · Kazuki Sakurai🇵🇱

   In this paper we explore the possibility of explaining the muon $g-2$ anomaly in various types of supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model. In particular, we investigate and compare the phenomenological constraints in the MSSM with stable neutralino and the other types of scenarios where the neutralino is unstable. For the latter case we study the Gauge Mediated SUSY Breaking (GMSB) scenario with very light gravitino and the $UDD$-type R-Parity Violating (RPV) scenario. In the MSSM with stable neutralino, the parameter region favoured by the $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ is strongly constrained by the neutralino relic abundance and the dark matter direct detection experiments, as well as by the LHC searches in the lepton plus missing transverse energy channel. On the other hand, the scenarios without stable neutralino are free from the dark matter constraints, while the LHC constraints depend strongly on the decay of the neutralino. We find that in GMSB the entire parameter region favoured by the muon $g-2$ is already excluded if the Next Lightest SUSY Particle (NLSP) is the neutralino, while some regions are still allowed if the NLSP is stau. In the RPV scenario, the LHC constraints are much weaker than the other scenarios and a wide region of the parameter space is still open for the muon $g-2$.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2022)·24 citations
2. 02*

   Scotogenic $A_5\to A_4$ Dirac Neutrinos with Freeze-In Dark Matter

   Ernest Ma (UC Riverside)🇺🇸

   Radiative Dirac neutrino masses and their mixing are linked to dark matter through the non-Abelian discrete symmetry $A_5$ of the 4-dimensional pentatope, softly broken to $A_4$ of the 3-dimensional tetrahedron. This unifying understanding of neutrino family structure from dark matter is made possible through the interplay of gauge symmetry, renormalizable Lagrangian field theory, and softly broken discrete symmetries. Dark neutral fermions are produced through Higgs decay.

   hep-phPLB(2022)·3 citations
3. 03*

   Reheating and Dark Matter Freeze-in in the Higgs-$R^2$ Inflation Model

   Shuntaro Aoki🇰🇷 · Hyun Min Lee🇰🇷 · Adriana G. Menkara🇰🇷 · Kimiko Yamashita🇰🇷

   We study the post-inflationary dynamics for reheating and freeze-in dark matter in the Higgs-$R^2$ inflation model. Taking the perturbative approach for reheating, we determine the evolution of the temperature for radiation bath produced during reheating and determine the maximum and reheating temperatures of the Universe. Adopting a singlet scalar dark matter with a conformal non-minimal coupling and a vanishing Higgs-portal coupling, we discuss the freeze-in production of dark matter both from the non-thermal scattering during reheating and the thermal scattering after reheating. We find that thermal scattering is dominant for dark matter production in our model due to the high reheating temperature. The reheating temperature in our model is determined dominantly by the Higgs condensate to be up to about $10^{14}\mathrm{GeV}$ and dark matter with masses up to about $10^9\mathrm{GeV}$ can be produced with a correct relic density.

   hep-phhep-thJHEP(2022)·37 citations
4. 04*

   Phenomenology of Trimaximal mixing with one texture equality

   S. Dev🇮🇳 · Desh Raj🇮🇳

   We study neutrino mass matrices with one texture equality and the neutrino mixing matrix having either its first (TM${}_1$) or second (TM${}_2$) column identical to that of the tribimaximal mixing matrix. We found that out of total fifteen possible neutrino mass matrices with one texture equality, only seven textures are compatible with $T{M}_1$ mixing and six textures are compatible with $T{M}_2$ mixing in the light of the current neutrino oscillation data. These textures have interesting implications for the presently unknown parameters such as the neutrino mass scale, effective Majorana neutrino mass, the atmospheric mixing and the Dirac- and Majorana-type CP violating phases. We, also, present the $S_3$ group motivation for some of these textures.

   hep-phAdv.High Energy Phys.(2022)·3 citations
5. 05*

   A dispersive analysis of low energy pion photo- and electroproduction

   Xiong-Hui Cao🇨🇳 · Yao Ma🇨🇳

   A dispersive representation based on unitarity and analyticity is used to study the low energy $\gamma N\to \pi N\text{and}{\gamma }^{\ast }N\to \pi N$ partial wave amplitudes. Final state interactions of the $\pi N$ system are critical to this analysis. The left-hand cut contribution is estimated by invoking baryon chiral perturbation theory results, while the right-hand cut contribution responsible for final state interaction effects is taken into account via an Omnès formalism with elastic phase shifts as input. It is found that a good numerical fit can be achieved with only one subtraction parameter, and the experimental data of the multipole amplitudes $E_{0+},S_{0+}$ in the energy region below the $\Delta (1232)$ are well described when the photon virtuality $Q^2\le 0.1{\mathrm{GeV}}^2$. Furthermore, we extend the partial wave amplitudes to the second Riemann sheet to extract the couplings of the subthreshold resonance $N^{\ast }(890)$. Its couplings extracted from the multipole amplitudes $E_{0+},S_{0+}$ are comparable to those of the $N^{\ast }(1535)$ resonance.

   hep-phPoS(2024)·0 citations
6. 06*

   A Two-Component Dark Matter Model and its Associated Gravitational Waves

   Francesco Costa🇩🇪 · Sarif Khan🇩🇪 · Jinsu Kim🇨🇭

   We consider an extension of the Standard Model that accounts for the muon $g-2$ tension and neutrino masses and study in detail dark matter phenomenology. The model under consideration includes a WIMP and a FIMP scalar dark matter candidates and thus gives rise to two-component dark matter scenarios. We discuss different regimes and mechanisms of production, including the novel freeze-in semi-production, and show that the WIMP and FIMP together compose the observed relic density today. The presence of the extra scalar fields allows phase transitions of the first order. We examine the evolution of the vacuum state and discuss stochastic gravitational wave signals associated with the first-order phase transition. We show that the gravitational wave signals may be probed by future gravitational wave experiments which may serve as a complementary detection signal.

   hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2022)·42 citations
7. 07*

   Phenomenology of a flavoured multiscalar BGL-like model with three generations of massive neutrinos

   Pedro M. Ferreira🇵🇹 · Felipe F. Freitas🇵🇹 · João Gonçalves🇵🇹 · António P. Morais🇵🇹 · Roman Pasechnik🇸🇪 · Vasileios Vatellis🇵🇹

   In this paper, we present several possible anomaly-free implementations of the Branco-Grimus-Lavoura (BGL) model with two Higgs doublets and one singlet scalar. The model also includes three generations of massive neutrinos that get their mass via a type-I seesaw mechanism. A particular anomaly-free realization, which we dub $\nu$BGL-1 scenario, is subjected to an extensive phenomenological analysis, from the perspective of flavour physics and collider phenomenology.

   hep-phPRD(2022)·3 citations
8. 08*

   Extraction of ${\alpha }_s$ using Borel-Laplace sum rules for tau decay data

   César Ayala🇨🇱 · Gorazd Cvetič🇨🇱 · Diego Teca🇨🇱

   Double-pinched Borel-Laplace sum rules are applied to ALEPH $\tau$-decay data. For the leading-twist ($D=0$) Adler function a renormalon-motivated extension is used, and the 5-loop coefficient is taken to be $d_4=275\pm 63$. Two $D=6$ terms appear in the truncated OPE ($D\le 6$) to enable cancellation of the corresponding renormalon ambiguities. Two variants of the fixed order perturbation theory, and the inverse Borel transform, are applied to the evaluation of the $D=0$ contribution. Truncation index $N_t$ is fixed by the requirement of local insensitivity of the momenta $a^{(2,0)}$ and $a^{(2,1)}$ under variation of $N_t$. The averaged value of the coupling obtained is ${\alpha }_s(m_{\tau }^2)=0.3235_{-0.0126}^{+0.0138}$ [${\alpha }_s(M_Z^2)=0.1191\pm 0.0016$]. The theoretical uncertainties are significantly larger than the experimental ones.

   hep-ph2 citations
9. 09*

   Onset of color transparency in holographic light-front QCD

   Stanley J. Brodsky🇺🇸 · Guy F. de Teramond🇨🇷

   The color transparency (CT) of a hadron, propagating with reduced absorption in a nucleus, is a fundamental property of QCD (quantum chromodynamics) reflecting its internal structure and effective size when it is produced at high transverse momentum, $Q$. CT has been confirmed in many experiments, such as semi-exclusive hard electroproduction, $eA\to e^{\prime }\pi X$ for mesons produced at $Q^2>3{\mathrm{GeV}}^2$. However, a recent JLab (Jefferson Laboratory) measurement for a proton electroproduced in carbon $e\mathrm{C}\to e^{\prime }pX$, where $X$ stands for the inclusive sum of all produced final states, fails to observe CT at $Q^2$ up to 14.2 GeV${}^2$. In this paper, the onset of CT is determined by comparing the $Q^2$-dependence of the hadronic cross sections for the initial formation of a small color-singlet configuration using the generalized parton distributions from holographic light-front QCD. A critical dependence on the hadron's twist, $\tau$, the number of hadron constituents, is found for the onset of CT, with no significant effects from the nuclear medium. This effect can explain the absence of proton CT in the present kinematic range of the JLab experiment. The proton is predicted to have a "two-stage" color transparency with the onset of CT differing for the spin-conserving (twist-3, $\tau =3$) Dirac form factor with a higher onset in $Q^2$ for the spin-flip Pauli (twist-4) form factor. In contrast, the neutron is predicted to have a "one-stage" color transparency with the onset at higher $Q^2$ because of the dominance of its Pauli form factor. The model also predicts a strong dependence at low energies on the flavor of the quark current coupling to the hadron.

   hep-phnucl-exnucl-thMDPI Physics(2022)·19 citations
10. 10*

    Explorations of pseudo-Dirac dark matter having keV splittings and interacting via transition electric and magnetic dipole moments

    Shiuli Chatterjee🇮🇳 · Ranjan Laha🇮🇳

    We study a minimal model of pseudo-Dirac dark matter, interacting through transition electric and magnetic dipole moments. Motivated by the fact that xenon experiments can detect electrons down to $\sim$\,keV recoil energies, we consider $\mathcal{O}$(keV) splittings between the mass eigenstates. We study the production of this dark matter candidate via the freeze-in mechanism. We discuss the direct detection signatures of the model arising from the down-scattering of the heavier state, that are produced in Solar upscattering, finding observable signatures at the current and near-future xenon based direct detection experiments. We also study complementary constraints on the model from fixed target experiments, lepton colliders, supernovae cooling and cosmology. We show that the latest XENONnT results rule out parts of the parameter space for this well motivated and minimal dark matter candidate. Next generation xenon experiments can either discover or further constrain how strongly inelastic dark matter can interact via the dipole moment operators.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·14 citations
11. 11*

    Heavy Majorana neutrino pair production from $Z^{\prime }$ at hadron and lepton colliders

    Arindam Das🇯🇵 · Sanjoy Mandal🇰🇷 · Takaaki Nomura🇨🇳 · Sujay Shil🇮🇳

    A gauged U$(1)$ extension of the Standard Model (SM) is a simple and anomaly free framework where three generations of Majorana type right-handed neutrinos (RHNs) are introduced to generate light neutrino mass and flavor mixings through the seesaw mechanism. We investigate such models at different hadron and lepton colliders via $Z^{\prime }$ induced Majorana type RHNs pair production. We derive bounds on U$(1)$ gauge coupling $(g^{\prime })$ comparing the model cross sections with experimentally observed data for different $Z^{\prime }$ mass $(M_{Z^{\prime }})$ and RHNs mass $(M_N)$. Using these limits we estimate the allowed RHN pair production cross section which can be manifested by lepton number violating signatures in association with fat-jets at the hadron colliders depending on the mass of the RHNs. Hence we study dilepton and trilepton modes with fat-jet/s of the signal for different benchmark values of $M_{Z^{\prime }}$ and $M_N$. Using fat-jet signatures and studying the signal and corresponding SM backgrounds, we estimate bounds on $M_N-M_{Z^{\prime }}$ plane at different center of mass energies which could be probed at different hadron colliders. In the context of the lepton colliders we consider electron positron initial states where Majorana type RHNs can be produced from $Z^{\prime }$ manifesting same sign dilepton plus jets signature and trilepton plus jets in association with missing energy. Studying the signal and corresponding SM backgrounds we estimate the bounds on the $M_N-M_{Z^{\prime }}$ plane for different center of mass energies. In the context of U$(1)$ extension of the SM there is an SM singlet BSM scalar which couples with the RHNs. We can probe the Majorana nature of RHNs via this BSM scalar production at electron positron colliders.

    hep-phPRD(2022)·22 citations
12. 12*

    Theory introduction to baryon spectroscopy

    Gernot Eichmann🇵🇹

    In these introductory notes I give a brief overview on some theoretical aspects of light baryon spectroscopy. The first part contains a discussion of the symmetries of the baryon spectrum, the construction of flavor wave functions and some basic features of quark models. The second part examines the need for relativistic quantum field theory and focusses on spectrum calculations with functional methods.

    hep-phFew Body Syst.(2022)·28 citations
13. 13*

    The study of possible molecular states of $D_s^{(\ast )}{D}_s^{(\ast )}$ and $B_s^{(\ast )}{B}_s^{(\ast )}$

    Hong-Wei Ke🇨🇳 · Yan-Liang Shi🇺🇸

    Recently the LHCb collaboration reported a new exotic state $T_{cc}^{+}$ which is conjectured to be a molecular state of $D^0{D}^{\ast +}$ (or $D^{\ast 0}{D}^{+}$) theoretically. Belle Collaboration also searched for tetraquark state $X_{ccss}$ in $D_s{D}_s(D_s^{\ast }{D}_s^{\ast })$ final states but no significant signals were observed, which did not rule out the possibility of $X_{ccss}$ to be a molecular state of $D_s{D}_s(D_s^{\ast }{D}_s^{\ast })$. Inspired by these experimental results on double charmed exotic state, in this paper we study whether the molecular bound states of $D_s^{(\ast )}{D}_s^{(\ast )}$ and $B_s^{(\ast )}{B}_s^{(\ast )}$ can exist with the Bethe-Salpeter (B-S) equation approach. We employ heavy meson chiral perturbation theory with one boson-exchange approximation to calculate the interaction kernels in the B-S equations. Our numerical results suggest that two $B_s^{\ast }$ mesons perhaps form a $0^{+}$ molecular state. Future experimental search for $X_{ccss}$ states in other decay channels may shed light on the structure of double charmed exotic state.

    hep-phPRD(2022)·10 citations
14. 14*

    Soft gluon resummation for associated squark-electroweakino production at the LHC

    J. Fiaschi🇬🇧 · B. Fuks🇫🇷 · M. Klasen🇩🇪 · A. Neuwirth🇩🇪

    We perform a threshold resummation calculation for the associated production of squarks and electroweakinos at the LHC to the next-to-leading logarithmic (NLL) accuracy. Analytical results for the process-dependent soft anomalous dimension and the hard matching coefficient are presented. The resummed results are matched to fixed-order predictions at next-to-leading order (NLO) in QCD, which are generalised to scenarios with non-universal squark masses and mixings. Numerically, the NLL contributions increase the total NLO cross section by $2\%$ to $6\%$ for squark masses ranging from 1 TeV to 3 TeV, respectively, and they reduce the dependence of the predictions on the factorisation and renormalisation scales from typically $\pm 10\%$ to below $\pm 5\%$. Our NLO and NLO+NLL calculations have been implemented in the publicly available program Resummino.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2022)·7 citations
15. 15*

    Deconfined Quantum Criticality among Grand Unified Theories

    Yi-Zhuang You🇺🇸 · Juven Wang🇺🇸

    This article overviews the recent developments in applying the idea of deconfined quantum criticality in condensed matter physics to understand quantum phase transitions among grand unified theories in high energy physics in the 4-dimensional spacetime. In particular, dictated by a mod 2 class nonperturbative global mixed gauge-gravitational anomaly, there can be a gapless deconfined quantum critical region between Georgi-Glashow and Pati-Salam models -- not only the Standard Model occurs as a neighbor phase, but also beyond the Standard Model phenomena (such as deconfined dark gauge force and fractionalized/fragmentary fermionic partons) emerge near the critical region.

    hep-phcond-mat.str-elhep-thA Festschrift in Honor of the C N Yang Centenary(2022)·6 citations
16. 16*

    Effect of Polarized Colliding Beam on Higgs Boson production at the Lepton Collider

    Ijaz Ahmed🇵🇰 · Mashal Shakar🇵🇰 · M. U. Ashraf🇨🇳 · Jamil Muhammad🇰🇷 · Taimoor Khurshid🇵🇰

    Different production processes involving the Higgs boson, such as annihilation and W/Z boson fusion, will be observed in the International Linear Collider (ILC). The ILC operates at a center-of-mass (CM) energy of $\sqrt{s}$ = 200-1000 GeV. The study reveals that the production cross-section can either be enhanced or reduced depending on the CM energy and the specific combination used, which has implications for selecting appropriate production processes. Additionally, this investigation highlights that by polarizing beams, the number of measurable observables increases. These observables, such as left right asymmetry, detailed effective polarization, and adequate effective luminosity, are crucial to ascertain contemporary physical parameters in physics models absurdly the Standard Model (SM).

    hep-phMod.Phys.Lett.A(2024)·1 citation
17. 17*

    Compact hidden charm pentaquark states and QCD isomers

    Cheng-Rong Deng🇨🇳

    We make an exhaustive investigation on the pentaquark states $qqqc\bar{c}$ ($q=u,d$ and $s$) and discuss the effect of color structures in a multiquark color flux-tube model. We exhibit a novel picture of the structure and properties of the states $P_c$ and $P_{cs}$ observed by the LHCb Collaboration. We can describe the states as the compact pentaquark states in the model. The spin-parity of the group of $P_c(4312{)}^{+}$ and $P_c(4337{)}^{+}$ is ${\frac{1}{2}}^{-}$ while that of the group of $P_c(4380{)}^{+}$, $P_c(4440{)}^{+}$ and $P_c(4457{)}^{+}$ is ${\frac{3}{2}}^{-}$. Their structures are pentagon, diquark, pentagon, diquark, and octet, respectively. The members in each group can be analogically called QCD isomers because of their the same spin-parity and quark content but different color structures. The singlet $P_{cs}(4459{)}^0$ has pentagon structure and spin-parity of ${\frac{1}{2}}^{-}$. In addition, we also predict the $P_{cs}$, $P_{css}$ and $P_{csss}$ families in the model. The five-body confinement potential based on the color flux-tube picture, which is a collective degree of freedom and induces QCD isomer phenomenon, plays an important role in the formation of the compact states.

    hep-phPRD(2022)·33 citations
18. 18*

    Factorization of the forward-backward charge asymmetry and measurements of the weak mixing angle and proton structure at hadron colliders

    Siqi Yang🇨🇳 · Yao Fu🇨🇳 · Minghui Liu🇨🇳 · Liang Han🇨🇳 · Tie-Jiun Hou🇨🇳 · C.-P. Yuan🇺🇸

    The forward-backward charge asymmetry (AFB) at hadron colliders is sensitive to both the electroweak (EW) symmetry breaking represented by the effective weak mixing angle, and the proton structure information in the initial state modeled by the parton distribution functions (PDFs). Due to their strong correlation, the precisions of the determination on the weak mixing angle and PDFs using the measured AFB spectrum are limited. In this paper, we define a set of structure parameters which factorize the unique proton information of the relative difference between quarks and antiquarks in the AFB observation. Other than the conventional way of extracting the weak mixing angle fro the convolution of PDF and EW calculations, we propose a new method to simultaneously determine the value of the weak mixing angle and the proton structure terms by fitting to the observed AFB distribution, and point out the necessity of specifying additional observations to further reduce the uncertainties on the proton structure terms respectively, so that the model-independent high precision measurements can be achieved at the future LHC experiments.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·11 citations
19. 19*

    Loop integral evaluation and asymptotic expansion with pySecDec

    Vitaly Magerya🇩🇪

    The evaluation of higher-loop Feynman integrals is at the core of the quest to reduce the uncertainty of theoretical predictions and match experimental data from the LHC and future colliders. pySecDec is a program to evaluate such integrals numerically based on the sector decomposition approach; its new release version 1.5 introduces features significantly improving its performance: automatic adaptive evaluation of weighted sums of integrals (e.g. amplitudes) and asymptotic expansion in kinematic ratios. Here we briefly review both, illustrating the expected performance benefits.

    hep-phJ.Phys.Conf.Ser.(2023)·1 citation
20. 20*

    Inverse moment of the $B$-meson quasi distribution amplitude

    Ji Xu🇨🇳 · Xi-Ruo Zhang🇨🇳 · Shuai Zhao🇺🇸

    We perform a study on the structure of inverse moment (IM) of quasi distributions, by taking $B$-meson quasi distribution amplitude (quasi-DA) as an example. Based on a one-loop calculation, we derive the renormalization group equation and velocity evolution equation for the first IM of quasi-DA. We find that, in the large velocity limit, the first IM of $B$-meson quasi-DA can be factorized into IM as well as logarithmic moments of light-cone distribution amplitude (LCDA), accompanied by short distance coefficients. Our results can be useful either in understanding the patterns of perturbative matching in Large Momentum Effective Theory or evaluating inverse moment of $B$-meson LCDA on the lattice.

    hep-phhep-latPRD(2022)·16 citations
21. 21*

    Models for Self-resonant Dark Matter

    Seong-Sik Kim🇰🇷 · Hyun Min Lee🇰🇷 · Bin Zhu🇨🇳

    We consider a new mechanism for enhancing the self-scattering and annihilation cross sections for dark matter with multiple components but without a light mediator. The lighter dark matter component plays a role of the $u$-channel pole in the elastic co-scattering for dark matter, leading to a large self-scattering cross section and a Sommerfeld enhancement for semi-annihilation processes. Taking the effective theory approach for self-resonant dark matter, we present various combinations of multiple dark matter components with spins and parities, showing a $u$-channel pole in the co-scattering processes. Adopting dark photon and dark Higgs portals for self-resonant dark matter, we impose the relic density condition as well as indirect detection bounds on semi-annihilation channels with a Sommerfeld enhancement and discuss potential signals for direct detection experiments.

    hep-phastro-ph.GAJHEP(2022)·10 citations
22. 22*

    Constraining the Charm-Yukawa coupling at the Large Hadron Collider

    Joseph Walker🇬🇧 · Frank Krauss🇬🇧

    We present theoretical results for the sensitivity of charm Yukawa coupling measurements in future high-luminosity LHC runs in three channels: Vector Boson Fusion (VBF), W Higgs-strahlung and Z Higgs-strahlung production of a Higgs boson and its subsequent decay into charm quarks. To reduce the overwhelmingly large backgrounds and to reduce false positives, we apply a set of simple kinematic and jet feature cuts and feed neural network data structures of three types; jet features, jet images and particle level features. To facilitate straightforward comparison with experimental studies, we express our results in terms of signal strengths.

    hep-phPLB(2022)·6 citations
23. 23*

    Indirect searches for New Physics via flavour observables

    Jonathan Kriewald🇫🇷

    Precision measures of electroweak and flavour observables, at both low and high energies, are highly complementary to direct searches for New Physics at high-energy colliders. Despite the discovery of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider, and of the overwhelming successes of the Standard Model, several observational and theoretical problems remain to be addressed. In addition to neutrino oscillation phenomena, the Standard Model fails to explain the baryon asymmetry of the Universe, and does not offer a viable dark matter candidate. In recent years, numerous deviations between the Standard Model prediction and experimental measurements have been identified; interestingly, most are closely connected to lepton flavours. In this thesis we have explored several aspects of flavour physics, focusing on the phenomenological implications of models of massive neutrinos, and of several Standard Model extensions capable of accommodating current tensions on anomalous magnetic moments of charged leptons and several $B$-meson decay observables.

    hep-ph2 citations
24. 24*

    Confinement in QCD and generic Yang-Mills theories with matter representations

    Marco Frasca🇮🇹 · Anish Ghoshal🇵🇱 · Stefan Groote🇪🇪

    We derive the low-energy limit of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and provide evidence that in the 't Hooft limit, i.e. for a very large number of colors and increasing 't Hooft coupling, quark confinement is recovered. The low energy limit of the theory turns out to be a non-local Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model. The effect of non-locality, arising from a gluon propagator that fits quite well to the profile of an instanton liquid, is to produce a phase transition from a chiral condensate to an instanton liquid, as the coupling increases with lower momentum. This phase transition suffices to move the poles of the quark propagator to the complex plane. As a consequence, free quarks are no longer physical states in the spectrum of the theory.

    hep-phhep-thPLB(2023)·16 citations
25. 25*

    Advances in QED with intense background fields

    A. Fedotov🇷🇺 · A. Ilderton🇬🇧 · F. Karbstein🇩🇪 · B. King🇬🇧 · D. Seipt🇩🇪 · H. Taya🇯🇵 · G. Torgrimsson🇩🇪

    Upcoming and planned experiments combining increasingly intense lasers and energetic particle beams will access new regimes of nonlinear, relativistic, quantum effects. This improved experimental capability has driven substantial progress in QED in intense background fields. We review here the advances made during the last decade, with a focus on theory and phenomenology. As ever higher intensities are reached, it becomes necessary to consider processes at higher orders in both the number of scattered particles and the number of loops, and to account for non-perturbative physics (e.g. the Schwinger effect), with extreme intensities requiring resummation of the loop expansion. In addition to increased intensity, experiments will reach higher accuracy, and these improvements are being matched by developments in theory such as in approximation frameworks, the description of finite-size effects, and the range of physical phenomena analysed. Topics on which there has been substantial progress include: radiation reaction, spin and polarisation, nonlinear quantum vacuum effects and connections to other fields including physics beyond the Standard Model.

    hep-phhep-thphysics.plasm-phPhys.Rept.(2023)·497 citations
26. 26*

    An absolute $\nu$ mass measurement with the DUNE experiment

    Federica Pompa🇪🇸 · Francesco Capozzi🇪🇸 · Olga Mena🇪🇸 · Michel Sorel🇪🇸

    Time of flight delay in the supernova neutrino signal offers a unique tool to set model-independent constraints on the absolute neutrino mass. The presence of a sharp time structure during a first emission phase, the so-called neutronization burst in the electron neutrino flavor time distribution, makes this channel a very powerful one. Large liquid argon underground detectors will provide precision measurements of the time dependence of the electron neutrino fluxes. We derive here a new $\nu$ mass sensitivity attainable at the future DUNE far detector from a future supernova collapse in our galactic neighborhood, finding a sub-eV reach under favorable scenarios. These values are competitive with those expected for laboratory direct neutrino mass searches.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEPRL(2022)·22 citations
27. 27*

    The analytic structure of the fixed charge expansion

    Oleg Antipin🇭🇷 · Jahmall Bersini🇭🇷 · Francesco Sannino🇩🇰 · Matías Torres🇮🇹

    We investigate the analytic properties of the fixed charge expansion for a number of conformal field theories in different space-time dimensions. The models investigated here are $O(N)$ and $QE{D}_3$. We show that in $d=3-ϵ$ dimensions the contribution to the $O(N)$ fixed charge $Q$ conformal dimensions obtained in the double scaling limit of large charge and vanishing $ϵ$ is non-Borel summable, doubly factorial divergent, and with order $\sqrt{Q}$ optimal truncation order. By using resurgence techniques we show that the singularities in the Borel plane are related to worldline instantons that were discovered in the other double scaling limit of large $Q$ and $N$ of Ref. [1]. In $d=4-ϵ$ dimensions the story changes since in the same large $Q$ and small $ϵ$ regime the next order corrections to the scaling dimensions lead to a convergent series. The resummed series displays a new branch cut singularity which is relevant for the stability of the $O(N)$ large charge sector for negative $ϵ$. Although the $QE{D}_3$ model shares the same large charge behaviour of the $O(N)$ model, we discover that at leading order in the large number of matter field expansion the large charge scaling dimensions are Borel summable, single factorial divergent, and with order $Q$ optimal truncation order.

    ↳ hep-thcond-mat.stat-mechhep-phJHEP(2022)·13 citations
28. 28*

    A topological realization of spin polarization through vortex formation in collisions of Bose-Einstein condensates

    Jian Deng🇨🇳 · Qun Wang🇨🇳 · Hong Zhang🇨🇳

    The global spin polarization of hadrons in heavy ion collisions has been measured in STAR (the Solenoidal Tracker At Relativistic heavy ion collider) experiments, which opens up a new window in the study of the hottest, least viscous and most vortical fluid that has ever been produced in the laboratory. We present a different approach to spin polarization from conventional ones: a topological realization of spin polarization through quantum vortex formation in collisions of Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC). This approach is based on the observation that the vortex is a topological excitation in a superfluid in presence of local orbital angular momentum and is an analogue of spin degrees of freedom. The formation processes of vortices and vortex-antivortex pairs are investigated by solving the Gross-Pitaevskii Equation with a large-scale parallel algorithm on Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) to very high precision. In a rotating environment, the primary vortex with winding number one is stable against perturbation, which has a minimal energy and fixed orbital angular momentum (OAM), but the vortices with larger winding numbers are unstable and will decay into primary vortices through a redistribution of the energy and vorticity. The injection of OAM can also be realized in non-central collisions of self-interacting condensates, part of the OAM of the initial state will induce the formation of vortices through concentration of energy and vorticity density around topological defects. Different from a hydrodynamical description, the interference of the wave function plays an important role in the transport of energy and vorticity, reflecting the quantum nature of the vortex formation process. The study of the vortex formation may shed light on the nature of particle spin and spin-orbit couplings in strong interaction matter produced in heavy-ion collisions.

    ↳ nucl-thcond-mat.quant-gashep-phPhys.Fluids(2022)·1 citation
29. 29*

    Probing the initial longitudinal density profile and electromagnetic field in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions with heavy quarks

    Ze-Fang Jiang🇨🇳 · Shanshan Cao🇨🇳 · Wen-Jing Xing🇨🇳 · Xiang-Yu Wu🇨🇳 · C. B. Yang🇨🇳 · Ben-Wei Zhang🇨🇳

    Heavy quarks are valuable probes of the electromagnetic field and the initial condition of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) matter produced in high-energy nuclear collisions. Within an improved Langevin model that is coupled to a (3+1)-dimensional viscous hydrodynamic model, we explore the origin of the directed flow coefficient ($v_1$) of heavy mesons and their decay leptons, and its splitting ($\Delta v_1$) between opposite charges. We find that while the rapidity dependence of the heavy flavor $v_1$ is mainly driven by the titled energy density profile of the QGP with respect to the longitudinal direction at the RHIC energy, it is dominated by the electromagnetic field at the LHC energy. The $\Delta v_1$ serves as a novel probe of the spacetime evolution profile of the electromagnetic field. Our results of $D$ mesons and their decay electrons are consistent with the available data at RHIC and LHC, and our predictions on the heavy flavor decay muons can be further tested by future measurements.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRC(2022)·37 citations
30. 30*

    Feasibility study of an accelerator neutrino experiment in China

    Jian Tang🇨🇳 · Sampsa Vihonen🇨🇳 · Yu Xu🇨🇳

    Future accelerator neutrino experiments will provide a powerful tool to measure standard oscillation parameters and search for new physics. In this context, we discuss the prospects of building an accelerator neutrino experiment in China. The feasibility of such facilities is investigated by evaluating their prospects to the standard mixing parameters. As an example, we consider an SPPC-based neutrino beamline and CJPL-based neutrino detector with 1736 km baseline length. We find this setup able to significantly improve the precision on ${\delta }_{CP}$, ${\theta }_{23}$ and $\Delta m_{31}^2$.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phPoS(2022)·0 citations
31. 31*

    Effective Lagrangian Morphing

    Rahul Balasubramanian · Lydia Brenner🇳🇱 · Carsten Burgard · Wouter Verkerke

    With the LHC entering the precision era, focus on interpreting the measurements performed in an effective field theory holds key to testing the Standard Model. An effective field theory provides a well-defined theoretical formalism which extends the Standard Model by introduce new terms with free coefficients that can be measured with experimental data. Constructing models parametric in these new coefficients is achieved by virtue of combining predictions from Monte Carlo generators for different interactions. This paper builds upon earlier works and describes a state-of-the-art approach to build multidimensional parametric models for new physics using effective Lagrangians. Documentation and tutorials for an associated toolkit that have been contributed to the ROOT data analysis software framework is included.

    ↳ physics.data-anhep-exhep-ph4 citations
32. 32*

    Determining wave equations in holographic QCD from Wilsonian renormalization group

    Fei Gao🇨🇳 · Masatoshi Yamada🇩🇪

    We show a possible way to build the AdS/CFT correspondence starting from the quantum field theory side based on renormalization group approach. An extra dimension is naturally introduced in our scheme as the renomalization scale. The holographic wave equations are derived, with the potential term being determined by the QFT properties. We discover that only around the fixed point, i.e. the conformal limit, the potential in the bulk equations can be fully constrained, and upon this foundation, the correspondence is build. We demonstrate this fact using a 3D scalar theory in which, besides the trivial fixed point, there exists the Wilson-Fisher fixed point. From the energy scalings around those fixed points, we determine the behavior of the potential in the bulk equations.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phPRD(2022)·8 citations
33. 33*

    Dissipative processes at the acoustic horizon

    Maria Luisa Chiofalo🇮🇹 · Dario Grasso🇮🇹 · Massimo Mannarelli🇮🇹 · Silvia Trabucco🇮🇹

    A transonic fluid flow generates an acoustic hole that is the hydrodynamic analogue of a gravitational black hole. Acoustic holes emit a detectable thermal radiation of phonons at a characteristic Hawking temperature. The crucial concept is that the spontaneous phonon emission at the horizon produces an irreversible heat increase at the expenses of the bulk fluid kinetic energy. We show that such process can be described in terms of \textit{effective} shear and bulk viscosities that are defined close to the horizon. We analyze this quantum friction process by resorting to a general kinetic theory approach as well as by the specific description of phonon emission as a tunneling process. The celebrated Kovtun, Son and Starinets (KSS) universal lower bound $\eta /s=1/4\pi$ of the shear viscosity coefficient to entropy density ratio, readily follows, and is extended to the longitudinal bulk viscosity at the horizon. We come to the same saturation of the KSS bound after considering the shear viscosity arising from a perturbation of the background metric at the acoustic horizon providing a -- in principle testable -- realization of the so called black hole \textit{membrane paradigm}.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-thNew J.Phys.(2024)·8 citations
34. 34*

    Discordances in cosmology and the violation of slow-roll inflationary dynamics

    Akhil Antony🇮🇳 · Fabio Finelli🇮🇹 · Dhiraj Kumar Hazra🇮🇳 · Arman Shafieloo🇰🇷

    We identify examples of single field inflationary trajectories beyond the slow-roll regime which improve the fit to Planck 2018 data compared to baseline $\Lambda$CDM model with power law form of primordial spectrum and at the same time alleviate existing tensions between different data sets in the estimate of cosmological parameters such as $H_0$ and $S_8$. A damped oscillation in the first Hubble flow function - or equivalently a feature in the potential - and the corresponding localized oscillations in the primordial power spectrum partially mimic the improvement in the fit of Planck data due to $A_L$ or ${\Omega }_K$. Compared to the baseline model, this model can lead simultaneously to larger value of $H_0$ and a smaller value of $S_8$, a trend which can be enhanced when the most recent SH0ES measurement for $H_0$ is combined with Planck and BK18 data. Large scale structure data and more precise CMB polarization measurements will further provide critical tests of this intermediate fast roll phase.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thPRL(2023)·29 citations
35. 35*

    Fractional soft limits

    Tomáš Brauner🇳🇴 · Angelo Esposito🇺🇸 · Riccardo Penco🇺🇸

    It is a common lore that the amplitude for a scattering process involving one soft Nambu--Goldstone boson should scale like an integer power of the soft momentum. We revisit this expectation by considering the $2\to 2$ scattering of phonons in solids. We show that, depending on the helicities of the phonons involved in the scattering process, the scattering amplitude may in fact vanish like a fractional power of the soft momentum. This is a peculiarity of the 4-point amplitude, which can be traced back to (1) the (spontaneous or explicit) breaking of Lorentz invariance, and (2) the approximately collinear kinematics arising when one of the phonons becomes soft. Our results extend to the general class of non-relativistic shift-invariant theories of a vector field.

    ↳ hep-thcond-mat.otherhep-phPRL(2022)·10 citations
36. 36*

    Modern Cosmology, an Amuse-Gueule

    Kai Schmitz🇨🇭

    This essay is a nontechnical primer for a broader audience, in which I paint a broad-brush picture of modern cosmology. I begin by reviewing the evidence for the big bang, including the expansion of our Universe, the cosmic microwave background, and the primordial abundances of the light elements. Next, I discuss how these and other cosmological observations can be well explained by means of the concordance model of cosmology, putting a particular emphasis on the composition of the cosmic energy budget in terms of visible matter, dark matter, and dark energy. This sets the stage for a short overview of the history of the Universe from the earliest moments of its existence all the way to the accelerated expansion at late times and beyond. Finally, I summarize the current status of the field, including the challenges it is currently facing such as the Hubble tension, and conclude with an outlook onto the bright future that awaits us in the coming years and decades. The text is complemented by an extensive bibliography serving as a guide for readers who wish to delve deeper.

    ↳ physics.pop-phastro-ph.COgr-qchep-ph12 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.