Mon·Jan 31, 2022Monday·January 31, 2022

1. 01*

   Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter in the Context of Extra Dimensions

   Avi Friedlander🇨🇦 · Katherine J. Mack🇺🇸 · Sarah Schon🇨🇦 · Ningqiang Song🇨🇦 · Aaron C. Vincent🇨🇦

   Theories of large extra dimensions (LEDs) such as the Arkani-Hamed, Dimopoulos & Dvali scenario predict a "true" Planck scale $M_{\star }$ near the TeV scale, while the observed $M_{pl}$ is due to the geometric effect of compact extra dimensions. These theories allow for the creation of primordial black holes (PBHs) in the early Universe, from the collisional formation and subsequent accretion of black holes in the high-temperature plasma, leading to a novel cold dark matter (sub)component. Because of their existence in a higher-dimensional space, the usual relationship between mass, radius and temperature is modified, leading to distinct behaviour with respect to their 4-dimensional counterparts. Here, we derive the cosmological creation and evolution of such PBH candidates, including the greybody factors describing their evaporation, and obtain limits on LED PBHs from direct observation of evaporation products, effects on big bang nucleosynthesis, and the cosmic microwave background angular power spectrum. Our limits cover scenarios of 2 to 6 extra dimensions, and PBH masses ranging from 10 to $10^{21}$ g. We find that for two extra dimensions, LED PBHs represent a viable dark matter candidate with a range of possible black hole masses between $10^{17}$ and $10^{23}$ g depending on the Planck scale and reheating temperature. For $M_{\star }=10$ TeV, this corresponds to PBH dark matter with a mass of $M\simeq 10^{21}$ g, unconstrained by current observations. We further refine and update constraints on "ordinary" four-dimension black holes.

   hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qcPRD(2022)·31 citations
2. 02*

   Dark magnetic dipole property in fermionic absorption by nucleus and electrons

   Tong Li🇨🇳 · Jiajun Liao🇨🇳 · Rui-Jia Zhang🇨🇳

   The fermionic dark matter (DM) absorption by nucleus or electron targets provides a distinctive signal to search for sub-GeV DM. We consider a Dirac fermion DM charged under a dark gauge group and with the dark magnetic dipole operator. The DM field mixes with right-handed neutrino and interacts with the ordinary electromagnetic charge current via the kinetic mixing term of gauge fields. As a result, the incoming DM is absorbed and converted into neutrino in final state through the dipole-charge interaction. For the DM absorption by nucleus, the recoil energy spectrum exhibit a peak at $m_{\chi }^2/2m_N$ for each isotope in the target. XENON1T can probe the DM mass above 27 MeV and the projected constraint on the inelastic DM-nucleon cross section becomes $10^{-49}$ cm${}^2$. CRESSTIII with lower energy threshold would be sensitive to the DM mass above 2 MeV. We also check that the contribution from the nuclear magnetic dipole is negligible for ${}^{131}\mathrm{Xe}$ target. The absorption of DM by bound electron target induces ionization signal and is sensitive to sub-MeV DM mass. The involvement of the ionization form factor spreads out the localized recoil energy. We show the future prospect for the constraint on the magnetic dipole coupling from the electron ionization of ${}^{131}\mathrm{Xe}$.

   hep-phJHEP(2022)·17 citations
3. 03*

   Subfrequency search at a laser as a signal of dark matter sector particles

   Hye-Sung Lee🇰🇷 · Jiheon Lee🇰🇷 · Jaeok Yi🇰🇷

   We introduce a new method to search for the dark matter sector particles using laser light. Some dark matter particles may have a small mixing or interaction with a photon. High-power lasers provide substantial test grounds for these hypothetical light particles of exploding interests in particle physics. We show that any light source can also emit a subfrequency light as a new physics signal. Searching for this subfrequency light at a laser can be a simple and effective way to investigate the new light particles, even in tabletop optics experiments.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·2 citations
4. 04*

   Notes on interplay of the QCD and EW perturbative corrections to the pole-running top-quark mass ratio

   A.L. Kataev🇷🇺 · V.S. Molokoedov🇷🇺

   A specific representation of the known one-loop EW correction to the relation between the pole and running $\text{msbar}$-scheme masses of the top-quark through particle masses of the Standard Model is given within the Fleischer-Jegerlehner tadpole scheme, where the vacuum expectation value of the Higgs field is renormalized. The importance of taking into account both the EW and QCD effects in this relation in the considered case is emphasized. It is noted that the discard of the EW corrections leads to over $10\mathrm{GeV}$ shift in the difference between the pole and running $t$-quark masses. This magnitude exceeds essentially the modern uncertainties of the considered relation, following from the treatment of the Tevatron and LHC data where both pole and running $t$-quark masses are defined in the widespread approach when only the QCD corrections are kept in mind between them.

   hep-phhep-exhep-thJETP Lett.(2022)·13 citations
5. 05*

   Mini-Proceedings of the STRONG2020 Virtual Workshop on "Space-like and Time-like determination of the Hadronic Leading Order contribution to the Muon $g-2$"

   G. Abbiendi🇮🇹 · A. Arbuzov🇷🇺 · Sw. Banerjee🇺🇸 · D. Biswas🇺🇸 · E. Budassi🇮🇹 · G. Colangelo🇨🇭 · H. Czyż🇵🇱 · M. Davier🇫🇷 · A. Denig🇩🇪 · A. Driutti🇮🇹 · T. Engel🇨🇭 · G. Gagliardi🇮🇹 and 22 other authors

   The mini-proceedings of the STRONG2020 Virtual Workshop "Space-like and Time-like determination of the Hadronic Leading Order contribution to the Muon $g-2$", November 24--26 2021, are presented. This is the first workshop of the STRONG2020 WP21: JRA3-PrecisionSM: Precision Tests of the Standard Model (http://www.strong-2020.eu/joint-research-activity/jra3-precisionsm.html). The workshop was devoted to review of the working group activitity on: $(i)$ Radiative Corrections and Monte Carlo tools for low-energy hadronic cross sections in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collisions; $(ii)$ Annotated database for $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ into hadrons processes at low energy; $(iii)$ Radiative Corrections and Monte Carlo tools for $\mu$-$e$ elastic scattering.

   hep-phhep-ex47 citations
6. 06*

   One-loop QCD helicity amplitudes for $pp\to t\bar{t}j$ to $O({ϵ}^2)$

   Simon Badger🇮🇹 · Matteo Becchetti🇮🇹 · Ekta Chaubey🇮🇹 · Robin Marzucca🇩🇰 · Francesco Sarandrea🇮🇹

   We compute helicity amplitudes for the one-loop QCD corrections to top-quark pair production analytically in terms of a set of uniformly transcendental master integrals. We provide corrections up to $O({ϵ}^2)$ in the dimensional regulator for the first time which are relevant at NNLO. Four independent pentagon integral topologies appear in the complete description of the colour structure for which we provide numerical solutions using canonical form differential equations and the method of generalised power series expansions. Analytic forms of the boundary values are obtained in all cases except one where we find a one-dimensional integral representation.

   hep-phhep-thJHEP(2022)·31 citations
7. 07*

   New tool for kinematic regime estimation in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering

   M. Boglione🇮🇹 · M. Diefenthaler🇺🇸 · S. Dolan🇨🇭 · L. Gamberg🇺🇸 · W. Melnitchouk🇺🇸 · D. Pitonyak🇺🇸 · A. Prokudin🇺🇸 · N. Sato🇺🇸 · Z. Scalyer🇺🇸

   We introduce a new phenomenological tool based on momentum region indicators to guide the analysis and interpretation of semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering measurements. The new tool, referred to as "affinity", is devised to help visualize and quantify the proximity of any experimental kinematic bin to a particular hadron production region, such as that associated with transverse momentum dependent factorization. We apply the affinity estimator to existing HERMES and COMPASS data and expected data from Jefferson Lab and the future Electron-Ion Collider. We also provide an interactive notebook based on Machine Learning for fast evaluation of affinity.

   hep-phhep-exhep-thnucl-thJHEP(2022)·16 citations
8. 08*

   Leptogenesis in Majoron Models without Domain Walls

   Tim Brune🇩🇪

   The emergence of domain walls is a well-known problem in Majoron models for neutrino mass generation. Here, we present extensions of the Majoron model by right-handed doublets and triplets that prevent domain walls from arising. These extensions are highly interesting in the context of Leptogenesis as they impact the conversion of a lepton asymmetry to a baryon asymmetry by Sphaleron processes.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·7 citations
9. 09*

   Searching for inelastic dark matter with future LHC experiments

   Enrico Bertuzzo🇧🇷 · Andre Scaffidi🇮🇹 · Marco Taoso🇮🇹

   We consider a dark sector containing a pair of almost degenerate states coupled to the Standard Model through a dark photon mediator. This set-up constitutes a simple realization of the inelastic dark matter scenario. The heaviest dark state is long-lived, in the limit of a small kinetic mixing among the dark photon and the Standard Model hypercharge gauge boson, and/or of a small mass splitting among the dark states. We study the prospects for detection of this scenario at proposed LHC experiments dedicated to search for long-lived particles, namely FASER, MATHUSLA, CODEX-b, AL3X, MAPP, ANUBIS and FACET. We consider both the cases of fermionic and scalar inelastic dark matter. We show that these experimental facilities can probe unexplored regions of the parameter space of this model, and we highlight their complementary roles.

   hep-phJHEP(2022)·21 citations
10. 10*

    Two variations on the theme of Yang and Mills -- the SM and the FSM

    HM Chan🇬🇧 · ST Tsou🇬🇧

    The standard model (SM) is viewed as a variation on the Yang-Mills theory with gauge symmetry $u(1)\times su(2)\times su(3)$, in which the flavour symmetry is framed and to which 3 generations of quarks and leptons are appended as inputs from experiment. The framed standard model (FSM) is then a further variation on the SM in which the colour symmetry is also framed, where the 3 generations now follow as consequences together with their characteristic mass and mixing patterns. In addition, the FSM yields as a bonus a solution to the strong CP problem leading to a unified treatment seemingly of all known CP physics for both quarks and leptons. It predicts, however, also a "hidden" sector populated by particles yet unknown, hence full both of promises (e.g.\ dark matter?) and of threats, which is just beginning to be explored (i) with a modified Weinberg mixing and (ii) with the $g-2$ and some other anomalies.

    hep-phhep-th6 citations
11. 11*

    NNNPDF3.0: Evidence for a modified partonic structure in heavy nuclei

    Rabah Abdul Khalek🇳🇱 · Rhorry Gauld🇩🇪 · Tommaso Giani🇳🇱 · Emanuele R. Nocera🇬🇧 · Tanjona R. Rabemananjara🇳🇱 · Juan Rojo🇳🇱

    We present an updated determination of nuclear parton distributions (nPDFs) from a global NLO QCD analysis of hard processes in fixed-target lepton-nucleus and proton-nucleus together with collider proton-nucleus experiments. In addition to neutral- and charged-current deep-inelastic and Drell-Yan measurements on nuclear targets, we consider the information provided by the production of electroweak gauge bosons, isolated photons, jet pairs, and charmed mesons in proton-lead collisions at the LHC across centre-of-mass energies of 5.02 TeV (Run I) and 8.16 TeV (Run II). For the first time in a global nPDF analysis, the constraints from these various processes are accounted for both in the nuclear PDFs and in the free-proton PDF baseline. The extensive dataset underlying the nNNPDF3.0 determination, combined with its model-independent parametrisation, reveals strong evidence for nuclear-induced modifications of the partonic structure of heavy nuclei, specifically for the small-$x$ shadowing of gluons and sea quarks, as well as the large-$x$ anti-shadowing of gluons. As a representative phenomenological application, we provide predictions for ultra-high-energy neutrino-nucleon cross-sections, relevant for data interpretation at neutrino observatories. Our results provide key input for ongoing and future experimental programs, from that of heavy-ion collisions in controlled collider environments to the study of high-energy astrophysical processes.

    hep-phEPJC(2022)·203 citations
12. 12*

    CP Violation for the Heavens and the Earth

    George Wei-Shu Hou🇹🇼

    Electroweak baryogenesis can be driven by the top quark in a general two Higgs doublet model with extra Yukawa couplings. Higgs quartics provide the first order phase transition, while extra top Yukawa coupling ${\rho }_{tt}$ can fuel the cosmic baryon asymmetry through the ${\lambda }_t\mathrm{Im}{\rho }_{tt}$ product, with flavor-changing ${\rho }_{tc}$ coupling as backup. The impressive ACME 2018 bound on the electron electric dipole moment calls for an extra electron coupling ${\rho }_{ee}$ for exquisite cancellation among dangerous diagrams, broadening the baryogenesis solution space. The mechanism suggests that extra Yukawa couplings echo the hierarchical structure of standard Yukawa couplings. Phenomenological consequences in Higgs search and flavor physics are discussed, with $\mu$ and $\tau$ EDM touched upon.

    hep-phhep-exUniverse(2022)·0 citations
13. 13*

    Euclidean thermal correlation functions in local QFT

    Peter Lowdon🇩🇪

    In this work we outline the general analytic characteristics satisfied by scalar correlation functions at finite temperature in local quantum field theory. We demonstrate that the locality of the fields in particular imposes significant constraints on the spectral structure of the theory, and that this enables the non-perturbative effects experienced by thermal particle states to be directly calculated from Euclidean correlation functions, avoiding the inverse problem.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phnucl-thPRD(2022)·13 citations
14. 14*

    Non-local partner to the cosmological constant

    John F. Donoghue🇺🇸

    I show that quantum corrections due to a massive particle generates a non-local term in the gravitational effective action which is of zeroth order in the derivative expansion, much like the cosmological constant. It carries a fixed coefficient which is very much larger than the cosmological constant, and which cannot be fine-tuned. The interaction is active at scales above the particle's mass. This is of the form $m^4(\frac{1}{\square }R{)}_x"<x|\log (\square +m^2)|y>"(\frac{1}{\square }R{)}_y$, and I discuss the meaning of $"<x|\log (\square +m^2)|y>"$ and other aspects of its interpretation.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phPRD(2022)·11 citations
15. 15*

    First upper limits on neutrino electromagnetic properties from the CONUS experiment

    H. Bonet (1)🇩🇪 · A. Bonhomme (1)🇩🇪 · C. Buck (1)🇩🇪 · K. Fülber (2)🇩🇪 · J. Hakenmüller (1)🇩🇪 · J. Hempfling (1)🇩🇪 · G. Heusser (1)🇩🇪 · T. Hugle (1)🇩🇪 · M. Lindner (1)🇩🇪 · W. Maneschg (1)🇩🇪 · T. Rink (1)🇩🇪 · H. Strecker (1)🇩🇪 · R. Wink (2) ((1) Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany, (2) Preussen Elektra GmbH, Osterende, Brokdorf, Germany)🇩🇪

    We report first constraints on neutrino electromagnetic properties from neutrino-electron scattering using data obtained from the CONUS germanium detectors, i.e. an upper limit on the effective neutrino magnetic moment and an upper limit on the effective neutrino millicharge. The electron antineutrinos are emitted from the 3.9 GW${}_{\mathrm{th}}$ reactor core of the Brokdorf nuclear power plant in Germany. The CONUS low background detectors are positioned at 17.1 m distance from the reactor core center. The analyzed data set includes 689.1 kg$\cdot$d collected during reactor ON periods and 131.0 kg$\cdot$d collected during reactor OFF periods in the energy range of 2 to 8 keV${}_{ee}$. With the current statistics, we are able to determine an upper limit on the effective neutrino magnetic moment ${\mu }_{\nu }<7.5\cdot 10^{-11}{\mu }_B$ at 90% confidence level. From this first magnetic moment limit we can derive an upper bound on the neutrino millicharge of $|q_{\nu }|<3.3\cdot 10^{-12}{e}_0$.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phEPJC(2022)·64 citations
16. 16*

    Fate of False Vacuum in Non-perturbative Regimes

    Marco Frasca🇮🇹 · Anish Ghoshal🇵🇱 · Nobuchika Okada🇺🇸

    We use some exact results in the scalar field theory to revise the analysis by Coleman and Callan about the false vacuum decay and propose a simple non-perturbative formalism. We introduce exact Green's function which incorporates non-perturbative corrections in the strong coupling regimes of the theory. The solution of the scalar field theory involves Jacobi elliptical function and has been used to calculate the effective potential for any arbitrary coupling values. We demonstrate the use of this formalism in a simple $\lambda {\varphi }^4$ theory and show that the effective potential exhibits a false minimum at the origin. We then calculate the false vacuum decay rate and suggest simple analytic formulas which may be useful for the analysis for the first order phase transition beyond the perturbative regime. In our methodology, we show that the standard results obtained in perturbation theory are reproduced by taking the coupling values very small.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJ.Phys.G(2024)·13 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.