Wed·Dec 29, 2021Wednesday·December 29, 2021

1. 01*

   Catalysis and inverse electric catalysis in a scalar theory

   M. Loewe🇨🇱 · D. Valenzuela🇨🇱 · R. Zamora🇨🇱

   In this article we explore the phase diagram associated to the symmetry breaking of a scalar self interacting theory, induced by temperature and the presence of an external electric field. For such purpose, first we obtain the boson propagator, in the presence of a constant external electric field, both in the weak and strong field strength limits. Novel expansions are derived for the effective potential, valid for the whole range of temperature. We found inverse electric catalysis for the weak field region, i.e. a situation where the critical temperature diminishes as function of the strength of the electric field whereas for a strong field electric catalysis emerges. These behaviors, in the weak and strong intensity sectors, are valid for all possible values of temperature.

   hep-phPRD(2022)·11 citations
2. 02*

   Laser-assisted CP-odd and CP-even Higgs bosons production in THDM

   M. Ouhammou · M. Ouali · S. Taj · R. Benbrik · B. Manaut

   In this paper, we have theoretically studied the neutral Higgs pair production in Two Higgs Doublet Model (THDM) in the presence of a circularly polarized laser field. The laser-assisted differential partial cross section is derived in the centre of mass frame at the leading order including $Z$ diagram. The total cross section is computed numerically by integrating the differential cross section over the solid angle $d\Omega$. Two benchmark points are discussed for the THDM parameters. In the first step, we have analyzed the total cross section of $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to h^0{A}^0$ by considering $H^0$ as the standard model-like Higgs boson. Then, the process $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to H^0{A}^0$ is studied by taking $h^0$ as the Higgs boson of the standard model. For both benchmark points, the laser-assisted total cross section of the studied processes depends on the produced neutral Higgs masses, the centre of mass energy and the laser field parameters. In addition, the maximum cross section occurs at high centre of mass energy for the process $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to H^0{A}^0$ as compared to that of $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to h^0{A}^0$.

   hep-phLaser Phys.Lett.(2022)·3 citations
3. 03*

   Pion and Kaon box contribution to $a_{\mu }^{\text{HLbL}}$

   Ángel Miramontes🇲🇽 · Adnan Bashir🇲🇽 · Khépani Raya🇪🇸 · Pablo Roig🇲🇽

   We present an evaluation of the ${\pi }^{\pm }$ and $K^{\pm }$ box contributions to the hadronic light-by-light piece of the muon's anomalous magnetic moment, $a_{\mu }$. The calculation of the corresponding electromagnetic form factors (EFFs) is performed within a Dyson-Schwinger equations (DSE) approach to quantum chromodynamics. These form factors are calculated in the so-called rainbow-ladder (RL) truncation, following two different evaluation methods and, subsequently, in a further improved approximation scheme which incorporates meson cloud effects. The results are mutually consistent, indicating that in the domain of relevance for $a_{\mu }$ the obtained EFFs are practically equivalent. Our analysis yields the combined estimates of $a_{\mu }^{{\pi }^{\pm }-box}=-(15.6\pm 0.2)\times 10^{-11}$ and $a_{\mu }^{K^{\pm }-\text{box}}=-(0.48\pm 0.02)\times 10^{-11}$, in full agreement with results previously obtained within the DSE formalism and other contemporary estimates.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2022)·50 citations
4. 04*

   Model studies of V0 production ratios in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{\mathrm{s}}$ = 0.2, 0.9, and 7 TeV

   M. Ajaz🇵🇰 · M.U. Ashraf🇵🇰 · M. Waqas🇨🇳 · Z. Yasin🇵🇰 · A.M. Khubrani🇸🇦 · S. Hassan🇵🇰 · A. Haj Ismail🇦🇪 · L.L. Li🇨🇳

   A comparative study of $V^0$ ratios has been performed between HIJING, Sibyll and QGSJET model-based event generators in this paper. The ratios under study are {\alam}/{\lam}, {\alam}/{\ks} and {\xim}/{\lam} as a function of rapidity $y$, rapidity loss ($\Delta y$) and {\ppt} from $pp$ collisions at \sqrts~= 0.2, 0.9, and 7 TeV and these simulations are then compared with the STAR and LHCb fiducial phase spaces in different {\ppt} regions. Although the models could produce some of the ratios in a limited {\ppt} and/or $y$ region, none of them completely predicts the experimental results. The QGSJET has good predictions with the data in most of the cases but since the model does not include the $\Xi$ particle definition, therefore it does not give any predictions for $\Xi$/{\lam} ratios. The extrapolation to the highest possible energies can be studied by re-tune some of the basic parameters based on current and previous measurements. These kinds of systematic comparison studies are also useful to apply certain constraints on the pQCD and non-pQCD-based hadronic event generators to significantly improve the predictions of Standard Model physics at the RHIC and LHC experimental data for the understanding of underlying physics mechanisms in high energy collisions.

   hep-phnucl-thEur.Phys.J.Plus(2023)·9 citations
5. 05*

   Investigating the $Z^{\prime }$ gauge boson at the future lepton colliders

   Xinyue Yin🇨🇳 · Honglei Li🇨🇳 · Yi Jin🇨🇳 · Zhilong Han🇨🇳 · Zongyang Lu🇨🇳

   $Z^{\prime }$ boson as a new gauge boson has been proposed in many new physics models. The interactions of $Z^{\prime }$ coupling to fermions are detailed studied at the large hadron collider. A $Z^{\prime }$ with the mass of a few TeV has been excluded in some special models. The future lepton colliders will focus on the studies of Higgs physics which provide the advantage to investigate the interactions of Higgs boson with the new gauge bosons. We investigate the $Z^{\prime }ZH$ interaction via the process of $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to Z^{\prime }/Z\to ZH\to l^{+}{l}^{-}b\bar{b}$. The angular distribution of the final leptons decaying from the $Z$-boson is related to the mixing of $Z^{\prime }$-$Z$ and the mass of $Z^{\prime }$. The forward-backward asymmetry has been proposed as an observable to investigate the $Z^{\prime }$-$Z$ mixing. The angular distributions change significantly with some special beam polarization comparing to the unpolarized condition.

   hep-phCPC(2022)·5 citations
6. 06*

   Light-quark mass dependence of the nucleon axial charge and pion-nucleon scattering phenomenology

   Fernando Alvarado🇪🇸 · Luis Alvarez-Ruso🇪🇸

   The light-quark mass dependence of the nucleon axial isovector charge ($g_A$) has been studied up to next-to-next-to-leading order, $O(p^4)$, in relativistic chiral perturbation theory using extended-on-mass-shell renormalization, without and with explicit $\Delta (1232)$ degrees of freedom. We show that in the $\Delta$-less case, at this order, the flat trend of $g_A(M_{\pi })$ exhibited by state-of-the-art lattice QCD (LQCD) results cannot be reproduced using low energy constants (LECs) extracted from pion-nucleon elastic and inelastic scattering. A satisfactory description of these LQCD data is only achieved in the theory with $\Delta$. From this fit we report $g_A(M_{\pi (\mathrm{phys})})=1.260\pm 0.012$, close to the experimental result, and $d_{16}=-0.88\pm 0.88$ GeV${}^{-2}$, in agreement with its empirical value. The large uncertainties are of theoretical origin, reflecting the difference between $O(p^3)$ and $O(p^4)$ that still persists at large $M_{\pi }$ in presence of the $\Delta$.

   hep-phhep-latnucl-thPRD(2022)·15 citations
7. 07*

   An energy independent scaling of transverse momentum spectra of direct (prompt) photons from two-body processes in high-energy proton-proton collisions

   Qiang Zhang🇨🇳 · Ya-Qin Gao🇨🇳 · Fu-Hu Liu🇨🇳 · Khusniddin K. Olimov🇺🇿

   Transverse momentum spectra of direct (prompt) photons from two-body processes in high-energy proton-proton (p+p) collisions are analyzed in this paper. We collected the experimental invariant cross-sections at mid-rapidity in p+p collisions measured by the UA6, CCOR, R806, R110, PHENIX, NA24, CMS, ALICE, and ATLAS Collaborations over a center-of-mass energy range from 24.3 GeV to 13 TeV. In fitting the data, we used different kinds of functions which include the revised Tsallis--Pareto-type function (the TP-like function) at the particle level, the convolution of two TP-like functions at the quark level, and the root-sum-of-squares of two revised Tsallis-like functions in which the quark chemical potentials ${\mu }_i={\mu }_B/3$ or ${\mu }_i=0$, where ${\mu }_B$ is the baryon chemical potential. We have extracted the values of three main free parameters: the effective temperature $T$, power index $n_0$ (or entropy index $q$), and correction index $a_0$. After analyzing the changing trends of the parameters, we found that $T$, $q$, and $a_0$ increase and $n_0$ decreases with the increase of collision energy. Based on the analyses of transverse momentum spectra, an energy independent scaling, i.e. the $x_T$ scaling, is obtained.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thAnnalen Phys.(2022)·7 citations
8. 08*

   Next-to-soft-virtual resummed rapidity distribution for Drell-Yan process to $\text{NNLO}+\overline{\text{NNLL}}$

   A.H. Ajjath · Pooja Mukherjee🇮🇳 · V. Ravindran🇮🇳 · Aparna Sankar🇮🇳 · Surabhi Tiwari🇮🇳

   We present the differential predictions for the rapidity distribution of a pair of leptons through the Drell-Yan (DY) process at the LHC taking into account the soft-virtual (SV) as well as next-to-soft virtual (NSV) resummation effects in QCD perturbation theory to next-to-next-to-leading-order plus next-to-next-to-leading-logarithmic ($\mathrm{NNLO}+\overline{\mathrm{NNLL}}$) accuracy. We perform the resummation in two dimensional Mellin space using our recent formalism \cite{Ajjath:2020lwb} by limiting ourselves to contributions only from quark anti-quark ($q\bar{q}$) initiated channels. The resummed corrections to the fixed order results are computed through a matched formula using the minimal prescription procedure. We find that the resummation at next-to-leading-logarithmic (next-to-next-to-leading-logarithmic) level brings about 3.98\% (1.24\%) corrections respectively to the NLO (NNLO) results at the central scale value of $q=M_Z$ for 13 TeV LHC. We also observe that the sensitivity to the renormalisation scale gets improved substantially by the inclusion of NSV resummed predictions at $\overline{\mathrm{NNLL}}$ accuracy. Further, the lack of quark gluon ($qg$) initiated contributions to NSV part in the $\overline{\mathrm{NNLL}}$ resummed predictions leaves large factorisation scale dependence indicating their importance at NSV level as we go to higher orders in perturbation theory.

   hep-phPRD(2022)·14 citations
9. 09*

   Hadronic Vacuum Polarization and Test of Quantum Electrodynamics at Low Energies

   V.P. Gerdt🇷🇺 · A. Karimkhodzhaev🇷🇺 · R.N. Faustov🇷🇺

   A hadronic vacuum polarization correction to the photon propagator is found by using the Dubnicka-Meshcheryakov parameterization of the pion electromagnetic form factor and new experimental data on the $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ hadrons annihilation cross section. Then, the contribution from the hadronic vacuum polarization to the muon anomalous magnetic moment and the Lamb shift in muonic atoms are calculated.

   hep-ph0 citations
10. 10*

    FeynCalc goes multiloop

    Vladyslav Shtabovenko🇩🇪

    We report on the new functionality of the open-source Mathematica package FeynCalc relevant for multiloop calculations. In particular, we focus on such tasks as topology identification by means of the Pak algorithm, search for equivalent master integrals and their graph representations as well as automatic derivations of Feynman parametric representations for a wide class of multiloop integrals. The functions described in this report are expected to be finalized with the official release of FeynCalc 10. The current development snapshot of the package including the documentation is publicly available on the project homepage. User feedback is highly encouraged.

    hep-phhep-thJ.Phys.Conf.Ser.(2023)·20 citations
11. 11*

    Possible Molecular States of $D^{(\ast )}{D}^{(\ast )}$ and $B^{(\ast )}{B}^{(\ast )}$ within the Bethe-Salpeter framework

    Hong-Wei Ke🇨🇳 · Xiao-Hai Liu🇨🇳 · Xue-Qian Li🇨🇳

    Recently the LHCb collaboration reported a new exotic state $T_{cc}^{+}$ which possesses $cc\bar{u}\bar{d}$ flavor structure. Since its mass is very close to the threshold of $D^0{D}^{\ast +}$ (or $D^{\ast 0}{D}^{+}$) and its width is very narrow, it is inclined to conjecture that $T_{cc}^{+}$ is a molecular state of $D^0{D}^{\ast +}$ (or $D^{\ast 0}{D}^{+}$). In this paper we study the possible molecular structures of $D^{(\ast )}{D}^{(\ast )}$ and $B^{(\ast )}{B}^{(\ast )}$ within the Bethe-Salpeter (B-S) framework. We employ one boson exchange model to stand the interaction kernels in the B-S equations. With reasonable input parameters we find the isospin eigenstate $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(D^0{D}^{\ast +}-D^{\ast 0}{D}^{+})$ ($J^P=1^{+}$) constitutes a solution, which supports the ansatz of $T_{cc}^{+}$ being a molecular state of $D^0{D}^{\ast +}$ (or $D^{\ast 0}{D}^{+}$). With the same parameters we also find that the isospin-1 state $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(D^{\ast 0}{D}^{\ast +}+D^{\ast 0}{D}^{\ast +})$ ($J^P=0^{+}$) can exist. Moreover, we also study the systems of $B^{(\ast )}{B}^{(\ast )}$ and their counterparts exist as possible molecular states. Consistency of theoretical computations based on such states with the data of the future experiments may consolidate the molecular structure of the exotic state $T_{cc}^{+}$.

    hep-phhep-exEPJC(2022)·53 citations
12. 12*

    Neutron-Mirror Neutron conversion in Vacuum, Trap, Material and Neutron Star

    B.O. Kerbikov🇷🇺

    The possibility of neutron swapping between the ordinary and mirror sectors is today a subject of a great many theoretical and experimental studies. In this paper, we investigate the neutron-mirror neutron transitions in different environments from vacuum to neutron star. Our approach is based on the density matrix formalism, Lindblad and Bloch equations and the implication of the seesaw mechanism to the Hamiltonian diagonalization.

    hep-phPRD(2022)·4 citations
13. 13*

    Study of ${\bar{B}}_{(s)}^0$ decaying into $D^0$ and ${\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$, $K^{+}{K}^{-}$, or ${\pi }^0\eta$ with final state interactions

    Hiwa A. Ahmed🇨🇳 · C. W. Xiao🇨🇳

    We investigate the resonant contributions in the decays ${\bar{B}}_{(s)}^0\to D^0{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$, ${\bar{B}}_{(s)}^0\to D^0{K}^{+}{K}^{-}$, and ${\bar{B}}^0\to D^0{\pi }^0\eta$ by considering the final state interactions within the chiral unitary approach. The scalar resonances produced dynamically from the final state interactions of these decays are the ones of $f_0(500)$, $f_0(980)$, and $a_0(980)$. In addition, the vector mesons $\rho$ and $\varphi$ produced in the $p$-wave are also taken into account. From the invariant mass distributions of $B^0$ decays, one can see that the contributions of the states $f_0(500)$ and $a_0(980)$ are remarkably larger than the one of $f_0(980)$. However, for the case of $B_s^0$ decays only a clear structure closed to the $K^{+}{K}^{-}$ threshold appears, which corresponds to the $f_0(980)$ state and has no signal for the $f_0(500)$ resonance. The dominant contributions are from the vector meson $\varphi$ for the decay ${\bar{B}}_s^0\to D^0{K}^{+}{K}^{-}$, where the results of the $K^{+}{K}^{-}$ invariant mass distributions are in agreement with the experimental data up to $1.1$ GeV. Moreover, the branching fractions and the ratios of branching fractions are also investigated, where some of them are consistent with the experimental measurements, and the branching fraction $\text{Br}({\bar{B}}^0\to D^0{a}_0(980)[a_0(980)\to {\pi }^0\eta ])=(6.08\pm 0.72)\times 10^{-5}$ and the ratio of branching fractions $\text{Br}({\bar{B}}^0\to D^0{f}_0(980))/\text{Br}({\bar{B}}^0\to D^0{a}_0(980))=0.13\pm 0.03$ are predicted.

    hep-phhep-exEPJA(2023)·5 citations
14. 14*

    Probing dark matter inside Earth using atmospheric neutrino oscillations at INO-ICAL

    Anuj Kumar Upadhyay🇮🇳 · Anil Kumar🇮🇳 · Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla🇮🇳 · Amol Dighe🇮🇳

    The interior of Earth's core can be explored using weak interactions of atmospheric neutrinos. This would complement gravitational and seismic measurements, paving the way for multimessenger tomography of Earth. Oscillations of atmospheric neutrinos passing through Earth are affected by the ambient electron density. We demonstrate that atmospheric neutrinos can probe the possible existence of dark matter inside Earth's core in a unique way - by measuring the amount of baryonic matter using neutrino oscillations. We find that a detector like ICAL at INO with muon charge identification capability can be sensitive to dark matter with $\sim 5\%-6\%$ mass of Earth, at 1$\sigma$ level with 500 kt$\cdot$yr exposure. We show that while it will not be possible to identify the dark matter profile using neutrino oscillation experiments, the baryonic matter profile inside the core can be probed with atmospheric neutrinos.

    hep-phhep-exphysics.ins-detPRD(2023)·17 citations
15. 15*

    Explaining the $b\to s{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ anomalies in $Z^{\prime }$ scenarios with top-FCNC couplings

    Xin-Qiang Li🇨🇳 · Meng Shen🇨🇳 · Dong-Yang Wang🇨🇳 · Ya-Dong Yang🇨🇳 · Xing-Bo Yuan🇨🇳

    Motivated by the recent anomalies in $b\to s{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ transitions, we explore a minimal $Z^{\prime }$ scenario, in which the $Z^{\prime }$ boson has a flavour-changing coupling to charm and top quarks and a flavour-conserving coupling to muons. It is found that such a $Z^{\prime }$ boson can explain the current $b\to s{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ anomalies, while satisfying other flavour and collider constraints simultaneously. The $Z^{\prime }$ boson can be as light as few hundreds GeV. In this case, the $t\to c{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ decay and the $t{Z}^{\prime }$ associated production at the LHC could provide sensitive probes of such a $Z^{\prime }$ boson. As a special feature, the $Z^{\prime }$ contributions to all rare $B$- and $K$-meson processes are controlled by one parameter. This results in interesting correlations among these processes, which could provide further insights into this scenario. In addition, an extended scenario, in which the $Z^{\prime }$ boson interacts with the $SU(2{)}_L$ fermion doublets with analogous couplings as in the minimal scenario, is also investigated.

    hep-phhep-exNPB(2022)·6 citations
16. 16*

    Ultraviolet freeze-in dark matter through the dilaton portal

    Aqeel Ahmed🇩🇪 · Saereh Najjari🇩🇪

    We study a class of models in which the Standard Model (SM) and dark matter (DM) belong to a conformal/scale-invariant theory at high energies. Scale invariance is spontaneously broken at scale $f$, giving rise to a dilaton as the corresponding Goldstone boson. In the low energy theory, we assume that DM interacts with the SM solely through the dilaton portal, which is suppressed by the conformal breaking scale $f$. For $f\gg \mathrm{TeV}$, the portal interactions are extremely weak, resulting in DM not being in thermal equilibrium with the SM. Thus, ultraviolet freeze-in production of DM occurs through the dilaton portal, being most effective at the maximum temperature of the SM bath. The temperature evolution is greatly impacted by the reheating dynamics, which we parametrize using a general equation of state $w$ and temperature at the end of reheating $T_{\mathrm{rh}}$. We analyze the implications of the reheating dynamics for DM production in this framework and identify regions of parameter space that result in the observed DM relic abundance for a wide range of DM masses and reheating temperatures for scalar, vector, or fermion DM.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·10 citations
17. 17*

    Multi-Field Q-balls with Real Scalars

    Olivier Lennon🇬🇧

    Multi-field Q-balls, in which some, but not all, of the constituent fields are real scalars, are studied. Uncharged fields may classically contribute to Q-balls provided that their effect is to not destabilise the resulting object. The thin-wall limit is reviewed based on existing literature. Sufficient conditions for the theories that can plausibly contain thick-wall solutions are derived. Necessary conditions require a detailed numerical analysis, outside the scope of this work. These conditions show that when the additional real scalars are massive, a minimum charge must accumulate in order to render the Q-ball energetically stable.

    hep-phhep-th7 citations
18. 18*

    An Effective Field Theory of Magneto-Elasticity

    Shashin Pavaskar🇺🇸 · Riccardo Penco🇺🇸 · Ira Z. Rothstein🇺🇸

    We utilize the coset construction to derive the effective field theory of magnon-phonon interactions in (anti)-ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic insulating materials. The action is used to calculate the equations of motion which generalize the Landau-Lifshitz and stress equations to allow for magneto-acoustic couplings to all orders in the fields at lowest order in the derivative expansion. We also include the symmetry breaking effects due to Zeeman, and Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interactions. This effective theory is a toolbox for the study of magneto-elastic phenomena from first principles. As an example we use this theory to calculate the leading order contribution to the magnon decay width due to its the decay into phonons.

    ↳ hep-thcond-mat.mes-hallgr-qchep-ph+1SciPost Phys.(2022)·19 citations
19. 19*

    Transverse mass scaling of dilepton radiation off a quark-gluon plasma

    Maurice Coquet🇫🇷 · Xiaojian Du🇩🇪 · Jean-Yves Ollitrault🇫🇷 · Soeren Schlichting🇩🇪 · Michael Winn🇫🇷

    The spectrum of dileptons produced by the quark-gluon plasma in an ultrarelativistic nucleus-nucleus collision depends only, to a good approximation, on the transverse mass M_t of the dilepton. This scaling is exact as long as transverse flow is negligible, and the system is in local thermal equilibrium. We implement a state-of-the-art modelization of kinetic and chemical equilibration in the early stages of the evolution to study the modifications of the spectrum. Violations of M_t scaling resulting from these effects are evaluated as a function of the shear viscosity to entropy ratio (eta/s) that controls the equilibration time. We determine the dependence of the spectrum on system size, centrality, rapidity, and collision energy. We show that the quark-gluon plasma produces more dileptons than the Drell-Yan process up to invariant masses of order M = 4 GeV. Due to different kinematics, for a given M_t , the dependence of the dilepton yield on M is opposite for the two processes, so that experiment alone can in principle determine which process dominates.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-exhep-phnucl-exNPA(2023)·19 citations
20. 20*

    Apparent horizons of the Thakurta spacetime and the description of cosmological black holes

    Archil Kobakhidze🇦🇺 · Zachary S. C. Picker🇦🇺

    We discuss the validity of the Thakurta metric to describe cosmological black holes by analysing the nature of its horizon. By adopting the preferred foliation of the Thakurta spacetime associated with the Kodama time, we demonstrate that the Thakurta horizon is indeed a future outer trapping horizon. Therefore, the respective observers see it as a cosmological black hole, contrary to some claims in the literature.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phhep-thEPJC(2022)·11 citations
21. 21*

    Generalised Uncertainty Relations and the Problem of Dark Energy

    Matthew J. Lake🇩🇪

    We outline a new model in which generalised uncertainty relations, that govern the behaviour of microscopic world, and dark energy, that determines the large-scale evolution of the Universe, are intrinsically linked via the quantum properties of space-time. In this approach the background is treated as a genuinely quantum object, with an associated state vector, and additional fluctuations of the geometry naturally give rise to the extended generalised uncertainty principle (EGUP). An effective dark energy density then emerges from the field that minimises the modified uncertainty relations. These results are obtained via modifications of the canonical quantum operators, but without modifications of the canonical Heisenberg algebra, allowing many well known problems associated with existing GUP models to be circumvented.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phquant-phRomanian Astron. J., Vol 32, No. 1, p. 3-…·12 citations
22. 22*

    Plane Wave Backgrounds in the Worldline Formalism

    James P. Edwards🇲🇽 · Christian Schubert🇲🇽

    Plane-wave backgrounds play a special role in strong-field QED as examples of a non-trivial field configuration that remains simple enough to be treated analytically whilst still leading to rich physical consequences. Although great progress has been made applying standard field theory techniques to QED in plane wave backgrounds, the calculations tend to be quite long and complicated. Yet, both in vacuum and in constant backgrounds, the first quantised, string-inspired "Worldline Approach" to field theory has a long history of offering substantial simplifications and calculational efficiency. We present a new, general approach to incorporating plane wave backgrounds into the Worldline Formalism that extends initial work using a semi-classical approach by Ilderton and Torgrimsson (who also participated in LPHYS'21). The method uses resummation techniques to take the background into account non-perturbatively and yields "Master Formulae" for the effective action and scattering amplitudes in the background. It is hoped that this may offer an alternative tool to studying QED in plane waves that may streamline otherwise complex calculations, as has been achieved in the better explored constant field case.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJ.Phys.Conf.Ser.(2022)·7 citations
23. 23*

    Machine learning phase transitions of the three-dimensional Ising universality class

    Xiaobing Li🇨🇳 · Ranran Guo🇹🇼 · Yu Zhou🇺🇸 · Kangning Liu🇨🇳 · Jia Zhao🇨🇳 · Fen Long🇨🇳 · Yuanfang Wu🇨🇳 · Zhiming Li🇨🇳

    Exploration of the QCD phase diagram and critical point is one of the main goals in current relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The QCD critical point is expected to belong to a three-dimensional (3D) Ising universality class. Machine learning techniques are found to be powerful in distinguishing different phases of matter and provide a new way to study the phase diagram. We investigate phase transitions in the 3D cubic Ising model using supervised learning methods. It is found that a 3D convolutional neural network can be trained to effectivelly predict physical quantities in different spin configurations. With a uniform neural network architecture, it can encode phases of matter and identify both second- and first-order phase transitions. The important features that discriminate different phases in the classification processes are investigated. These findings can help study and understand QCD phase transitions in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exCPC(2023)·8 citations
24. 24*

    Probing Dark Matter Spikes via Gravitational Waves of Extreme Mass Ratio Inspirals

    Gen-Liang Li🇨🇳 · Yong Tang🇨🇳 · Yue-Liang Wu🇨🇳

    The exact properties of dark matter remain largely unknown despite the accumulating evidence. If dark matter is composed of weakly interacting massive particles, it would be accreted by the black hole in the galactic center and form a dense, cuspy spike. Dynamical friction from this spike may have observable effects in a binary system. We consider extreme-mass-ratio inspiral (EMRI) binaries comprising massive black holes harbored in dark matter spikes and stellar mass objects in elliptic orbits. We find that the gravitational-wave waveforms in the frequency domain can be substantially modified. In particular, we show that dark matter can suppress the characteristic strain of a gravitational wave at low frequency but enhance it at a higher domain. These effects are more dramatic as the dark matter density increases. The results indicate that the signal-to-noise ratio of EMRIs can be strongly reduced near $10^{-3}\sim 0.3$~Hz but enhanced near $1.0$~Hz with a higher sensitivity, which can be probed via the future space-borne gravitational-wave (GW) detectors, LISA and TAIJI. The findings will have important impacts on the detection and parameter inference of EMRIs.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phSCPMA(2022)·65 citations
25. 25*

    Relevance of VHE Blazar Spectra Models with Axion-Like Particles

    Hai-Jun Li🇨🇳

    The oscillation of photons and axion-like particles (ALPs) in the astrophysical magnetic fields could modify the measured very high energy (VHE; $\mathcal{E}\gtrsim 100\mathrm{GeV}$) $\gamma$-ray spectra of the blazar sources. In this paper, we use the VHE $\gamma$-ray observations of the blazar Markarian 421 (Mrk 421) measured by MAGIC and Fermi-LAT in 2017 with four phases to constrain the ALP. We give the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of these phases under the null and ALP hypotheses. We also test the effects of the $\gamma$-ray blazar intrinsic spectra models on the ALP constraints. No significant relationship is confirmed between the ALP constraints and the model selections. The 95% $C.L.$ combined constraints set by the single-model and multi-model scenarios on the ALP parameter space are roughly at the photon-ALP coupling $g_{a\gamma }\gtrsim 3\times 10^{-11}\mathrm{Ge}{\mathrm{V}}^{-1}$ for the ALP mass $1\times 10^{-8}\mathrm{eV}\lesssim m_a\lesssim 2\times 10^{-7}\mathrm{eV}$.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phJCAP(2022)·12 citations
26. 26*

    Towards robust constraints on nuclear effective field theory from lattice QCD

    Marc Illa (for the NPLQCD Collaboration)🇺🇸

    We will discuss several new results from the NPLQCD Collaboration that combine lattice QCD results on (hyper)nuclear systems at unphysical pion masses together with nuclear effective field theories. Two-baryon channels with strangeness $0$ to $-4$ are analyzed, with findings that point to interesting symmetries observed in hypernuclear forces as predicted in the limit of QCD with a large number of colors. Also, several matrix elements of light nuclei are studied. The tritium axial charge, related to the Gamow-Teller matrix element, and the longitudinal momentum fraction of ${}^3$He that is carried by the isovector combination of $u$ and $d$ are extracted and extrapolated to the physical point. For this latter case, it can be seen how including lattice results to experimental determinations can have imminent potential to enable more precise determinations and to reveal the QCD origins of the EMC effect.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phnucl-thPoS(2022)·2 citations
27. 27*

    Tidal Deformability as a Probe of Dark Matter in Neutron Stars

    Davood Rafiei Karkevandi🇮🇷 · Soroush Shakeri🇮🇷 · Violetta Sagun🇵🇹 · Oleksii Ivanytskyi🇵🇱

    The concept of boson stars (BSs) was first introduced by Kaup and Ruffini-Bonazzola in the 1960s. Following this idea, we investigate an effect of self-interacting asymmetric bosonic dark matter (DM) according to Colpi et al. model for BSs (1986) on different observable properties of neutron stars (NSs). In this paper, the bosonic DM and baryonic matter (BM) are mixed together and interact only through gravitational force. The presence of DM as a core of a compact star or as an extended halo around it is examined by applying different boson masses and DM fractions for a fixed coupling constant. The impact of DM core/halo formations on a DM admixed NS properties is probed through the maximum mass and tidal deformability of NSs. Thanks to the recent detection of Gravitational-Waves (GWs) and the latest X-ray observations, the DM admixed NS's features are compared to LIGO/Virgo and NICER results.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEgr-qchep-phnucl-thPublished by the World Scientific, Procee…·24 citations
28. 28*

    Digital Quantum Simulation of the Schwinger Model and Symmetry Protection with Trapped Ions

    Nhung H. Nguyen🇺🇸 · Minh C. Tran🇻🇳 · Yingyue Zhu🇺🇸 · Alaina M. Green🇺🇸 · C. Huerta Alderete🇺🇸 · Zohreh Davoudi🇺🇸 · Norbert M. Linke🇺🇸

    Tracking the dynamics of physical systems in real time is a prime application of digital quantum computers. Using a trapped-ion system with up to six qubits, we simulate the real-time dynamics of a lattice gauge theory in 1+1 dimensions, i.e., the lattice Schwinger model, and demonstrate non-perturbative effects such as pair creation for times much longer than previously accessible. We study the gate requirement of two formulations of the model using the Suzuki-Trotter product formula, as well as the trade-off between errors from the ordering of the Hamiltonian terms, the Trotter step size, and experimental imperfections. To mitigate experimental errors, a recent symmetry-protection protocol for suppressing coherent errors and a symmetry-inspired post-selection scheme are applied. This work demonstrates the integrated theoretical, algorithmic, and experimental approach that is essential for efficient simulation of lattice gauge theories and other complex physical systems.

    ↳ quant-phhep-lathep-phnucl-thPRX Quantum(2022)·181 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.