Wed·Dec 22, 2021Wednesday·December 22, 2021

1. 01*

   Challenges for the 3-3-1 models

   V. Pleitez🇧🇷

   The so-called 3-3-1 models have been widely studied in the literature. However, in almost all cases, as with other models, just simplified versions have been considered. On the other hand, the LHC has not neither confirmed nor rejected any model. In this paper we discuss some aspects of the 3-3-1 models that must be investigated, or be re-analyzed, firstly theoretically and, eventually, experimentally. Some of these issues are independent of the representation content of the particular model, that is, they are independent of the value of the $\beta$ parameter. However, others strongly depend on the particular model considered.

   hep-phhep-ex8 citations
2. 02*

   $CP$-violating observables in four-body $B\to \varphi (\to K\bar{K})K^{\ast }(\to K\pi )$ decays

   Chao-Qi Zhang🇨🇳 · Jia-Ming Li🇨🇳 · Meng-Kun Jia🇨🇳 · Ya Li🇨🇳 · Zhou Rui🇨🇳

   We analyse the four-body $B\to \varphi (\to K\bar{K})K^{\ast }(\to K\pi )$ decays in the perturbative QCD approach,where the invariant mass of $K\bar{K}$($K\pi$) system is limited in a window of $\pm 15$ MeV ($\pm 150$ MeV) around the $\varphi (K^{\ast }(892))$ mass.In addition to the P wave resonances,two important S wave backgrounds in the selected invariant mass region are also accounted for. Angular momentum conservation allows six helicity amplitudes to contribute,including three P waves, two single S waves,and one double S wave. We calculated the branching ratio for each component and found sizable S wave contributions,coincide with the experimental observation.The obtained branching ratios of $B^{0(+)}\to \varphi K^{\ast 0(+)}$ are comparable with the previous predictions and support the measurements, whereas the predicted $\mathcal{B}(B_s^0\to \varphi {\bar{K}}^{\ast 0})$ is smaller than the world average. The longitudinal polarizations are predicted to be around 0.7,consistent with previous PQCD results but larger than the data. Aside from the direct CP asymmetries,the true and fake triple product asymmetries(TPAs) are calculated in this work. In the case of neutral modes, both direct CP asymmetries and true TPAs are expected to be zero due to the vanishing weak phase difference. The direct CP asymmetries for the $B^{+}$ mode are predicted to be tiny,since the tree contributions are suppressed with respect to the penguin ones. The true asymmetries have shown no significant deviations from zero.In contrast,large fake asymmetries are observed in these decays,indicating the presence of significant final state interactions.We give the predictions of the S wave induced TPAs for the first time,which is consistent with LHCb data and would be checked with future measurements from Belle and BABAR experiments if the S wave components can be properly taken into account in angular analysis.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·8 citations
3. 03*

   Towards a discovery of BSM physics from the Cabibbo angle anomaly

   Chien-Yeah Seng🇩🇪

   New developments in both the theories and experiments related to the extraction of the top-row Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements $V_{ud}$ and $V_{us}$ led to a series of new anomalies, for instance the apparent violation of the top-row unitarity relation. It is important to further reduce all the associated Standard Model theory uncertainties in order to better understand whether such observations point towards the possibility of physics beyond the Standard Model, or rather some unexpectedly large Standard Model effects. This requires improved studies of tree-level and higher-order Standard Model corrections that enter the beta decays of pions, neutron, nuclei and kaons. We will briefly review the recent progress along this direction and discuss possible improvements in the future.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-ex+1Mod.Phys.Lett.A(2022)·7 citations
4. 04*

   Mass spectra, wave functions and mixing effects of the $(bcq)$ baryon

   Qiang Li🇨🇳 · Chao-Hsi Chang🇨🇳 · Si-Xue Qin🇨🇳 · Guo-Li Wang🇨🇳

   Mass spectra and wave functions of the $J^P={\frac{1}{2}}^{+}$ $(bcq)$ baryons are calculated by the relativistic Bethe-Salpeter equation\,(BSE) with considering the mixing effects between the $1^{+}$ and $0^{+}$ $(bc)$-diquarks inside. Based on the diquark picture, the three-body problem of baryons is transformed into two two-body problems. The BSE and wave functions of the $0^{+}$ diquark are given, and then solved numerically to obtain the effective mass spectra and form factors. Also we present the wave functions at zero point for the $(bc)$-diquark. Considering the obtained diquark form factors, the $(bcq)$ baryons are then described by the BSE as the bound state of a diquark and a light quark, where the interaction kernel includes the inner transitions between the $0^{+}$ and $1^{+}$ diquarks. The general wave function of the ${\frac{1}{2}}^{+}$ $(bcq)$ baryons is constructed and solved to obtain the corresponding mass spectra. Especially, by using the obtained wave functions, the mixing effects between ${\Xi }_{bc}({\Omega }_{bc})$ and ${\Xi }_{bc}^{\prime }({\Omega }_{bc}^{\prime })$ in ground states are computed and determined to be small ($\sim 1\%$). The numerical results indicate that it is a good choice to take ${\Xi }_{bc}$ and ${\Xi }_{bc}^{\prime }$ as the baryon states with the inside $(bc)$-diquarks occupying the definite spin.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latEPJC(2022)·6 citations
5. 05*

   Masses of fully-heavy tetraquark states from a four-quark static potential model

   Z. Asadi🇮🇷 · G. R. Boroun🇮🇷

   In this article, we study the ground-state mass of full-heavy tetraquarks $cc\bar{c}\bar{c}$ and $bb\bar{b}\bar{b}$ with solving the nonrelativistic four-body systems. The flux-tube configurations, the tetraquark four-body potential butterfly, and the dimeson potential flip-flop of SU(3) lattice quantum chromodynamics have been applied to describe the tetraquark interaction. Our numerical analysis indicates that the disconnected and connected static potentials can predict the mass of tetraquark very close to experimental data.

   hep-phPRD(2022)·26 citations
6. 06*

   Baryonic form factors of the pion and kaon in a chiral quark model

   Wojciech Broniowski🇵🇱 · Enrique Ruiz Arriola🇪🇸 · Pablo Sanchez-Puertas🇪🇸

   The baryonic form factor of charged pions is studied in detail in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model with constituent quarks, where the spontaneously broken chiral symmetry is the key dynamical ingredient guaranteeing the would-be Goldstone boson nature of the pseudoscalar mesons octet. In general, this form factor arises when the isospin symmetry is broken, which is the case if the $u$ and $d$ quark masses are split, as in the real world, or if the electromagnetic effects were taken into account. We obtain estimates for this basic property of the pion resulting from the quark mass splitting for a range of model parameters, and importantly, for different pion masses, going up to the values used in lattice QCD. We find very stable model results, with the mean square radius of ${\pi }^{+}$ in the range $(0.05-0.07\mathrm{fm}{)}^2$. From charge conjugation, the baryonic form factor of ${\pi }^{+}$ and ${\pi }^{-}$ are equal and opposite. We also obtain the transverse-coordinate, relativistically invariant baryonic density of the charged pion. In ${\pi }^{+}$, the inner region carries a negative, and the outside -- a positive baryon number density, both cancelling to zero, as obviously the pion carries no net baryon charge. We also carry out an analogous analysis for the kaon, where the effect is much larger due to the sizable $s$ and $u/d$ quark mass splitting. We discuss the prospects of lattice QCD measurements of the baryonic form factors of charged pions and kaons.

   hep-phhep-latPRD(2022)·6 citations
7. 07*

   Cosmological Constraints on Dark Scalar

   Masahiro Ibe🇯🇵 · Shin Kobayashi🇯🇵 · Yuhei Nakayama🇯🇵 · Satoshi Shirai🇯🇵

   We discuss cosmological constraints on a dark scalar particle mixing with the Standard Model Higgs boson. We pay particular attention to the dark scalar production process when the reheating temperature of the Universe is very low, which allows us to give a conservative limit on the low-mass scalar particle. We also study the effect of the self-interaction of the dark scalars and find this has a significant impact on the cosmological constraints. We obtain the most conservative cosmological constraint on the dark scalar, which is complementary to accelerator experiments and astrophysical observations.

   hep-phJHEP(2022)·27 citations
8. 08*

   Three-loop gluon scattering in QCD and the gluon Regge trajectory

   Fabrizio Caola🇬🇧 · Amlan Chakraborty🇺🇸 · Giulio Gambuti🇬🇧 · Andreas von Manteuffel🇺🇸 · Lorenzo Tancredi🇩🇪

   We compute the three-loop helicity amplitudes for the scattering of four gluons in QCD. We employ projectors in the 't Hooft-Veltman scheme and construct the amplitudes from a minimal set of physical building blocks, which allows us to keep the computational complexity under control. We obtain relatively compact results that can be expressed in terms of harmonic polylogarithms. In addition, we consider the Regge limit of our amplitude and extract the gluon Regge trajectory in full three-loop QCD. This is the last missing ingredient required for studying single-Reggeon exchanges at next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy.

   hep-phhep-thPRL(2022)·95 citations
9. 09*

   Disentangling the Regge cut and Regge pole in perturbative QCD

   Giulio Falcioni🇬🇧 · Einan Gardi🇬🇧 · Niamh Maher🇬🇧 · Calum Milloy🇮🇹 · Leonardo Vernazza🇮🇹

   The high-energy limit of gauge-theory amplitudes features both a Regge pole and Regge cuts. We show how to disentangle these, and hence how to determine the Regge trajectory beyond two loops. While the nonplanar part of multiple Reggeon $t$-channel exchange forms a Regge cut, the planar part contributes to the pole along with the single Reggeon. With this, we find that the infrared singularities of the trajectory are given by the cusp anomalous dimension. By matching to recent QCD results, we determine the quark and gluon impact factors to two loops and the Regge trajectory to three loops.

   hep-phhep-thPRL(2022)·56 citations
10. 10*

    TMDs from Monte Carlo event generators

    H. Jung🇩🇪 · S. Steel🇺🇸 · S. Taheri Monfared🇩🇪 · Y. Zhou🇬🇧

    Transverse Momentum Dependent (TMD) parton distributions are a very powerful concept for the description of low and high transverse momentum effects in high energy collisions. The Parton Branching (PB) method provides TMD distributions which can be used in parton shower simulations, as already implemented in \cascade\ Monte Carlo event generator. This report gives a description of the work done during the DESY summer student program 2021, young scientists from very different time zones connecting from remote twice a day for 8 weeks, to develop a method, PS2TMD, that allows to determine effective TMDs from the standard Monte Carlo parton showers. This method is validated and implemented to successfully reconstruct the PB-TMDs with different configuration settings. We also discuss kinematic shifts in longitudinal momentum distributions from initial state showering and point out the sizable influence of different reconstruction definitions on both collinear and transverse momentum PDFs. %the nonperturbative dependence on longitudinal and transverse degrees of freedom is fully coupled.

    hep-ph3 citations
11. 11*

    Calculations of scalaron decay probabilities

    E.V. Arbuzova🇷🇺 · A.D. Dolgov🇷🇺 · A.S. Rudenko🇷🇺

    The particle production through the scalaron decays are considered for several different channels. The central part of the work is dedicated to a study of the decay probability into two complex minimally coupled massless scalars. The calculations are performed by two different independent methods. In addition we calculated the decay probability into real minimally coupled massless scalars, conformally coupled massive scalars, massive fermions, and gauge bosons. The results are compared with the published papers which in some cases disagree with each other.

    hep-phgr-qcPhys.Atom.Nucl.(2023)·6 citations
12. 12*

    Glueballs at high temperature within the Hard-Wall holographic model

    Matteo Rinaldi🇮🇹 · Vicente Vento🇪🇸

    In this investigation an holographic description of the deconfined phase transition of scalar and tensor glueballs is presented within the so called hard-wall model. The spectra of these bound states of gluons have been calculated from the linearized Einstein equations for a graviton propagating from a thermal $Ad{S}_5$ space to an AdS Black-Hole. In this framework, the deconfined phase is reached via a two steps mechanism. We propose that the transition between the AdS thermal sector to the BH is described via a first order phase transition, with discontinuous masses at the critical temperature, which has been determined by Herzog's method of regulating the free energy densities. Then, the glueball masses diverge with increasing $T$ in the BH phase and thus lead to deconfined states à la Hagedorn.

    hep-phEPJC(2022)·8 citations
13. 13*

    Unsupervised quark/gluon jet tagging with Poissonian Mixture Models

    Ezequiel Alvarez🇦🇷 · Michael Spannowsky🇬🇧 · Manuel Szewc🇦🇷

    The classification of jets induced by quarks or gluons is important for New Physics searches at high-energy colliders. However, available taggers usually rely on modelling the data through Monte Carlo simulations, which could veil intractable theoretical and systematical uncertainties. To significantly reduce biases, we propose an unsupervised learning algorithm that, given a sample of jets, can learn the SoftDrop Poissonian rates for quark- and gluon-initiated jets and their fractions. We extract the Maximum Likelihood Estimates for the mixture parameters and the posterior probability over them. We then construct a quark-gluon tagger and estimate its accuracy in actual data to be in the $0.65-0.7$ range, below supervised algorithms but nevertheless competitive. We also show how relevant unsupervised metrics perform well, allowing for an unsupervised hyperparameter selection. Further, we find that this result is not affected by an angular smearing introduced to simulate detector effects for central jets. The presented unsupervised learning algorithm is simple; its result is interpretable and depends on very few assumptions.

    hep-phFront.Artif.Intell.(2022)·15 citations
14. 14*

    Dilaton and Massive Hadrons in a Conformal Phase

    Luigi Del Debbio🇬🇧 · Roman Zwicky🇬🇧

    As the number of fermion fields is increased, gauge theories are expected to undergo a transition from a QCD-like phase, characterised by confinement and chiral symmetry breaking, to a conformal phase, where the theory becomes scale-invariant at large distances. In this paper, we discuss some properties of a third phase, where spontaneously broken conformal symmetry is characterised by its Goldstone boson, the dilaton. In this phase, which we refer to as conformal dilaton phase, the massless pole corresponding to the Goldstone boson guarantees that the conformal Ward identities are satisfied in the infrared despite the other hadrons carrying mass. In particular, using renormalisation group arguments in Euclidean space, we show that for massless quarks the trace of the energy momentum tensor vanishes on all physical states as a result of the fixed point. This implies the vanishing of the gluon condensate and suggests that the scale breaking is driven by the quark condensate which has implications for the cosmological constant. In addition form factors obey an exact constraint for every hadron and are thus suitable probes to identify this phase in the context of lattice Monte Carlo studies. For this purpose we examine how the system behaves under explicit symmetry breaking, via quark-mass and finite-volume deformations. The dilaton mass shows hyperscaling under mass deformation, viz. $m_D=\mathcal{O}(m_q^{1/(1+{\gamma }^{\ast })})$. This provides another clean search pattern.

    hep-phhep-lathep-thJHEP(2022)·37 citations
15. 15*

    Cosmology and direct detection of the Dark Axion Portal

    Juan Cortabitarte Gutiérrez🇪🇸 · Bradley J. Kavanagh🇪🇸 · Núria Castelló-Mor🇪🇸 · Francisco J. Casas🇪🇸 · Jose M. Diego🇪🇸 · Enrique Martínez-González🇪🇸 · Rocío Vilar Cortabitarte🇪🇸

    The Dark Axion Portal provides a model for Dark Matter (DM) in which both Dark Photons ${\gamma }^{\prime }$ and Axions $a$ can contribute to the present day abundance of DM. We study the parameter space of the Dark Axion Portal to pinpoint regions of the parameter space where ${\gamma }^{\prime }$ and $a$ can be produced with sufficient abundance to account for the cosmic DM density, while still being detectable in planned direct detection and axion haloscope experiments. In particular, we explore the production of eV-scale Dark Photons in the Dark Axion Portal, taking into account a possible kinetic mixing between the dark and visible photons, which is essential for the detection of dark photons through absorption in direct searches. We show that a non-zero kinetic mixing does not generally spoil the phenomenology of the model, leaving both the axion and dark photon stable. Viable production mechanisms point to a sub-dominant population of dark photons making up $\lesssim 10\%$ of the DM, with the remainder consisting of axion DM. Dark photons in the mass range $m_{{\gamma }^{\prime }}\sim 20-200\mathrm{eV}$ and axions in the mass range $m_a\sim 30-400\mu \mathrm{eV}$ may be produced with these abundances self-consistently in the Dark Axion Portal and are within the reach of future direct searches.

    hep-phastro-ph.CO13 citations
16. 16*

    External leg corrections as an origin of large logarithms

    Henning Bahl🇺🇸 · Johannes Braathen🇩🇪 · Georg Weiglein🇩🇪

    The appearance of large logarithmic corrections is a well-known phenomenon in the presence of widely separated mass scales. In this work, we point out the existence of large Sudakov-like logarithmic contributions related to external-leg corrections of heavy scalar particles which cannot be resummed straight-forwardly using renormalisation group equations. Based on a toy model, we discuss in detail how these corrections appear in theories containing at least one light and one heavy particle that couple to each other with a potentially large trilinear coupling. We show how the occurrence of the large logarithms is related to infrared singularities. In addition to a discussion at the one-loop level, we also explicitly derive the two-loop corrections containing the large logarithms. We point out in this context the importance of choosing an on-shell-like renormalisation scheme. As exemplary applications, we present results for the two-loop external-leg corrections for the decay of a gluino into a scalar top quark and a top quark in the Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model as well as for a heavy Higgs boson decay into two tau leptons in the singlet-extended Two-Higgs-Doublet Model.

    hep-phJHEP(2022)·8 citations
17. 17*

    Worldline instantons for nonlinear Breit-Wheeler pair production and Compton scattering

    Gianluca Degli Esposti🇩🇪 · Greger Torgrimsson🇩🇪

    Worldline instantons have previously been used to study the probability of Schwinger pair production (both the exponential and pre-exponential parts) and photon-stimulated pair production (the exponential part). Previous studies obtained the pair-production probability on the probability level by using unitarity, i.e. the imaginary part of the effective action for Schwinger pair production or the imaginary part of the polarization tensor for photon-stimulated pair production. The corresponding instantons are closed loops in the complex plane. Here we show how to use instantons on the amplitude level, which means open instanton lines with start and end points representing fermions at asymptotic times. The amplitude is amputated with LSZ using, in general, field-dependent asymptotic states. We show how to use this formalism for photon-stimulated/Breit-Wheeler pair production and nonlinear Compton scattering.

    hep-phhep-thPRD(2022)·25 citations
18. 18*

    Theoretical Constraints on Neutron--Mirror-Neutron Oscillation

    K.S. Babu (Oklahoma State University)🇺🇸 · Rabindra N. Mohapatra (University of Maryland)🇺🇸

    Mirror models lead to the possibility that neutron ($n$) can oscillate into its mirror partner ($n^{\prime }$) inspiring several experimental searches for this phenomenon. The condition for observability of this oscillation is a high degree of degeneracy between the $n$ and $n^{\prime }$ masses, which can be guaranteed if there is exact parity symmetry taking all particles to their mirror partners. However consistency of these models with big bang nucleosynthesis requires that this parity symmetry be broken in the early universe in a scenario called asymmetric inflation. In this paper we study the consistency of an observable $n-n^{\prime }$ oscillations signal with asymmetric inflation and derive various theoretical constraints. In particular, we find that the reheat temperature after inflation should lie below 2.5 TeV, and predict a singlet fermion with a mass below 100 GeV. In simple models where the right-handed neutrino is a mediator of baryon number violating interactions we find that the light neutrinos are Dirac fermions with their masses arising radiatively through one-loop diagrams.

    hep-phSymmetry(2022)·17 citations
19. 19*

    Theory input for $t\bar{t}j$ experimental analyses at the LHC

    Katharina Voß🇩🇪 · Maria Vittoria Garzelli🇩🇪 · Sven-Olaf Moch🇩🇪

    The precise measurement of the top quark mass, which is a fundamental SM parameter, constitutes one of the main goals of the LHC top physics program. One approach to measure this quantity uses the ${\rho }_{\mathrm{s}}$ distribution, an observable depending on the invariant mass of the $t\bar{t}j$ system. To fully exploit the experimental accuracy achievable in measuring top quark production cross sections at the LHC, the theory uncertainties associated to these measurements need to be well under control. To this end we present a study of the effect of varying the theoretical input parameters in the calculation of differential cross sections of the $t\bar{t}j$ process. Thereby we studied the influence of the jet reconstruction procedure, as well as the effect of various renormalization and factorization scale definitions and different PDF sets. The variation of the $R$ parameter in the jet reconstruction algorithm was found to have negligible influence on the scale variation uncertainty. A strong reduction of scale uncertainties and a better behaviour of the NLO/LO ratios using selected dynamical scales instead of a static one in the high energy tails of differential distributions was observed. This is particularly interesting in the context of the top quark mass measurements through the ${\rho }_{\mathrm{s}}$ distribution, in which the perturbative stability can be improved by applying the proposed dynamical scale definition.

    hep-phActa Phys.Polon.Supp.(2022)·0 citations
20. 20*

    Constraining Low-Scale Flavor Models with $(\mathbf{g}-2{)}_{\mathbf{\mu }}$ and Lepton Flavor Violation

    M.L. López-Ibáñez🇨🇳 · Aurora Melis🇪🇪 · M. Jay Pérez🇺🇸 · Moinul Hossain Rahat🇺🇸 · Oscar Vives🇪🇸

    We present here two concrete examples of models where a sub-TeV scale breaking of their respective ${\mathcal{T}}_{13}$ and $A_5$ flavor symmetries is able to account for the recently observed discrepancy in the muon anomalous magnetic moment, $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$. Similarities in the flavor structures of the charged-lepton Yukawa matrix and dipole matrix yielding $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ give rise to strong constraints on low-scale flavor models when bounds from lepton flavor violation (LFV) are imposed. These constraints place stringent limits on the off-diagonal Yukawa structure, suggesting a mostly (quasi-)diagonal texture for models with a low flavor breaking scale ${\Lambda }_f$. We argue that many of the popular flavor models in the literature designed to explain the fermion masses and mixings are not suitable for reproducing the observed discrepancy in $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$, which requires a delicate balance of maintaining a low flavor scale while simultaneously satisfying strong LFV constraints.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·7 citations
21. 21*

    Detecting High-Frequency Gravitational Waves with Microwave Cavities

    Asher Berlin🇺🇸 · Diego Blas🇪🇸 · Raffaele Tito D'Agnolo🇫🇷 · Sebastian A. R. Ellis🇨🇭 · Roni Harnik🇺🇸 · Yonatan Kahn🇺🇸 · Jan Schütte-Engel🇺🇸

    We give a detailed treatment of electromagnetic signals generated by gravitational waves (GWs) in resonant cavity experiments. Our investigation corrects and builds upon previous studies by carefully accounting for the gauge dependence of relevant quantities. We work in a preferred frame for the laboratory, the proper detector frame, and show how to resum short-wavelength effects to provide analytic results that are exact for GWs of arbitrary wavelength. This formalism allows us to firmly establish that, contrary to previous claims, cavity experiments designed for the detection of axion dark matter only need to reanalyze existing data to search for high-frequency GWs with strains as small as $h\sim 10^{-22}-10^{-21}$. We also argue that directional detection is possible in principle using readout of multiple cavity modes. Further improvements in sensitivity are expected with cutting-edge advances in superconducting cavity technology.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEastro-ph.IMhep-exPRD(2022)·243 citations
22. 22*

    The Piezoaxionic Effect

    Asimina Arvanitaki🇨🇦 · Amalia Madden🇨🇦 · Ken Van Tilburg🇺🇸

    Axion dark matter (DM) constitutes an oscillating background that violates parity and time-reversal symmtries. Inside piezoelectric crystals, where parity is broken spontaneously, this axion background can result in a stress. We call this new phenomenon "the piezoaxionic effect". When the frequency of axion DM matches the natural frequency of a bulk acoustic normal mode of the piezoelectric crystal, the piezoaxionic effect is resonantly enhanced and can be read out electrically via the piezoelectric effect. We explore all axion couplings that can give rise to the piezoaxionic effect -- the most promising one is the defining coupling of the QCD axion, through the anomaly of the strong sector. We also point our another, subdominant phenomenon present in all dielectrics, namely the "electroaxionic effect". An axion background can produce an electric displacement field in a crystal which in turn will give rise to a voltage across the crystal. The electroaxionic effect is again largest for the axion coupling to gluons. We find that this model independent coupling of the QCD axion may be probed through the combination of the piezoaxionic and electroaxionic effects in piezoelectric crystals with aligned nuclear spins, with near-future experimental setups applicable for axion masses between $10^{-11}\mathrm{eV}$ and $10^{-7}\mathrm{eV}$, a challenging range for most other detection concepts.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-thPRD(2024)·32 citations
23. 23*

    Electroweak HEFT after LHC run 2

    Oscar J.P. Eboli🇧🇷 · M.C. Gonzalez-Garcia🇪🇸 · Matheus Martines🇧🇷

    We analyze the electroweak interactions in the framework of the Higgs effective field theory using the available Higgs and electroweak diboson production results from LHC run 2 as well as the electroweak precision data. Assuming universality of the weak current, our study considers 25 possible anomalous couplings. To unveil the nature of the Higgs boson, i.e. isosinglet versus part of SU(2)L doublet, we explore the correlation effects between observables that are predicted to exist in the linear realization of the electroweak gauge symmetry but not in its non-linear counterpart. This improves previous studies aimed at investigating the Higgs nature and the origin of the electroweak symmetry breaking.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·11 citations
24. 24*

    Cool quark matter with perturbative quark masses

    Tyler Gorda🇩🇪 · Saga Säppi🇮🇹

    In perturbative thermal calculations, introducing nonzero quark masses causes considerable complications. In this article we describe an approximation scheme valid for sufficiently light masses which significantly simplifies the relevant calculations with only a small loss in accuracy. We apply the scheme to Quantum Chromodynamics, with two massless and one massive flavor, obtaining analytic results which are in excellent agreement with numerical non-approximated results. Our results are accurate to $O(g^5)$ in the strong coupling parameter $g$, as long as either the chemical potential $\mu$ of the quark species with nonzero mass $m$ satisfies $m=O(g\mu )$ or if the temperature $T$ satisfies $m=O(gT)$. We find that these conditions are always satisfied for the three lightest quarks for the values of $\mu$, $T$ where Quantum Chromodynamics is perturbatively convergent.

    hep-phnucl-thPRD(2022)·32 citations
25. 25*

    Non-Canonical Q-balls

    Olivier Lennon🇬🇧

    Theories possessing non-canonical kinetic terms are often studied for Q-ball states in an ad-hoc manner. This paper seeks to generalise their study for both thin- and thick-wall Q-balls. Specifically, we show that theories whose potential cannot house Q-balls can do so by virtue of their non-canonical kinetic terms. Furthermore, we also constrain the theories that possess an energetically stable thick-wall limit, with ramifications for their early universe phenomenology.

    hep-phhep-th9 citations
26. 26*

    A sonic boom in bubble wall friction

    Glauber C. Dorsch🇧🇷 · Stephan J. Huber🇬🇧 · Thomas Konstandin🇩🇪

    We revisit the computation of bubble wall friction during a cosmological first-order phase transition, using an extended fluid Ansatz to solve the linearized Boltzmann equation. A singularity is found in the fluctuations of background species as the wall approaches the speed of sound. Using hydrodynamics, we argue that a discontinuity across the speed of sound is expected on general grounds, which manifests itself as the singularity in the solution of the linearized system. We discuss this result in comparison with alternative approaches proposed recently, which find a regular behaviour of the friction for all velocities.

    hep-phJCAP(2022)·84 citations
27. 27*

    Nu Tools: Exploring Practical Roles for Neutrinos in Nuclear Energy and Security

    Oluwatomi Akindele🇺🇸 · Nathaniel Bowden🇺🇸 · Rachel Carr🇺🇸 · Andrew Conant🇺🇸 · Milind Diwan🇺🇸 · Anna Erickson🇺🇸 · Michael Foxe🇺🇸 · Bethany L. Goldblum🇺🇸 · Patrick Huber🇺🇸 · Igor Jovanovic🇺🇸 · Jonathan Link🇺🇸 · Bryce Littlejohn🇺🇸 · Pieter Mumm · Jason Newby🇺🇸

    For decades, physicists have used neutrinos from nuclear reactors to advance basic science. These pursuits have inspired many ideas for application of neutrino detectors in nuclear energy and security. While developments in neutrino detectors are now making some of these ideas technically feasible, their value in the context of real needs and constraints has been unclear. This report seeks to help focus the picture of where neutrino technology may find practical roles in nuclear energy and security. This report is the final product of the Nu Tools study, commissioned in 2019 by the DOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation Research and Development (DNN R&D). The study was conducted over two years by a group of neutrino physicists and nuclear engineers. A central theme of the study and this report is that useful application of neutrinos will depend not only on advancing physics and technology but also on understanding the needs and constraints of potential end-users. The Study Approach emphasized broad end-user engagement. The major effort, undertaken from May to December 2020, was a series of engagements with the wider nuclear energy and security communities. Interviews with 41 experts revealed points of common understanding, which this report captures in three Cross-Cutting Findings, a Framework for Evaluating Utility, and seven Use Case Findings. The report concludes with two Recommendations. The findings and recommendations are summarized below. The respective ordering within each category does not represent a prioritization or implied value judgement.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-ex21 citations
28. 28*

    Rivet, RivetHZTool and HERA -- A validation effort for coding HERA measurements for Rivet

    M. I. Abdulhamid🇪🇬 · A. Achilleos🇬🇧 · A. Bermudez Martinez🇩🇪 · C. Bierlich🇸🇪 · Giorgia Bonomelli🇮🇹 · A. Borkar🇮🇳 · A. Buckley🇬🇧 · J. M. Butterworth🇬🇧 · M. Chithirasreemadam🇫🇷 · M. Davydov🇷🇺 · L.I. Estevez Banos🇩🇪 · K. Moral Figueroa🇬🇧 and 24 other authors

    During the DESY summer student program 2021, young scientists from more than 13 different countries worked together, connecting from remote, to provide computer codes within the Rivet framework for 19 HERA measurements. Most of these measurements were originally available within the HZTool package, but no longer accessible for modern analysis packages such as Rivet. The temporary RivetHZTool interface was used to validate most of the new Rivet plugins.

    hep-ph1 citation
29. 29*

    Cosmic adventures in stringland: Scattering of bosonic and fermionic fields in gravitating cosmic string spacetimes

    Marcos Silva🇧🇷

    We show that when considering a scalar field scattering in a gravitating cosmic string spacetime, the standard partial-wave approach's scattering amplitude is singular. In order to avoid the divergence caused by the spacetime asymptotically conical structure, we propose a modification of the asymptotic ansatz in the partial-wave formalism and find the corrections in the phase-shift and total scattering cross-section. We also developed a toy model for the spacetime metric of a cosmic string and showed how local interaction with the vortex gauge field affects the scalar field total cross-section. Then we apply this formalism to a Dirac field and show the explicit formula for the fermionic total cross-section. Finally, we study the scattering of bosonic and fermionic fields in the spacetime of an abelian and a nonabelian gravitating cosmic strings and show that the cross-sections have damped oscillations. In order to understand the origin of this behavior, we used the aforementioned toy model to show that the spacetime particular asymptotical structure causes the observed oscillations.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-ph0 citations
30. 30*

    Determination of Proton Parton Distribution Functions using ATLAS Data

    Zhiqing Zhang (on behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration)🇫🇷

    Using differential cross-section data of inclusive $W$ and $Z/{\gamma }^{\ast }$ boson production and of their production in association with jets, and differential cross-section data of top-quark pair production in the lepton + jets and dilepton channels in proton$-$proton collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider at center-of-mass energies of $\sqrt{s}=7$ and 8 TeV, together with deep inelastic scattering data from electron$-$proton collisions at the HERA collider, several determinations of parton distribution functions of the proton have been performed by the ATLAS experiment. The results are presented here. The emphasis is given to the determination of the strange sea quark distribution and its evolution over time.

    ↳ hep-exhep-ph0 citations
31. 31*

    A study of the elastic $\pi N$ scattering at finite baryon density

    Hyeon-dong Han🇰🇷 · Parada T. P. Hutauruk🇰🇷 · Seung-il Nam🇰🇷

    We investigate the elastic $\pi N$ scattering for the $I=3/2$ channel dominated by the $\Delta (1232)$ resonance at finite baryon density ${\rho }_B$ for the symmetric nuclear matter, employing the effective Lagrangian approach at the tree-level Born approximation. The quark-meson coupling (QMC) model and linear-density approximation are employed to describe the medium modifications for the in-medium baryon properties, such as the nucleon and $\Delta$ masses, and $\Delta$ full decay width. We first reproduce the experimental data in vacuum by fitting the model parameters, then analyze various physical observables including total and differential cross sections, proton-spin asymmetry in medium. It turns out that the $\Delta$-resonance contribution becomes diminished with respect to ${\rho }_B$, due to the weaker $\pi N$-interaction strength in medium. Beyond the $\Delta$-resonance region $\sqrt{s}\gtrsim 1.5$ GeV, the cross sections are almost independent of the density. The present results will be useful to understand the role of the $\Delta$ resonance in the neutron-star equation of state (EoS) as well as in relativistic heavy-ion collision experiments.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exMod.Phys.Lett.A(2022)·3 citations
32. 32*

    A window for cosmic strings

    Pierre Auclair🇧🇪 · Konstantin Leyde🇫🇷 · Danièle A. Steer🇫🇷

    Particle emission, in addition to gravitational radiation from cosmic string loops, affects the resulting loop distribution and hence the corresponding observational consequences of cosmic strings. Here we focus on two models in which loops of length $\ell$ are produced from the infinite string network with a given power-law. For both models we find that, due to particle production, the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) is cut off outside the region of parameter space probed by any current or planned GW experiment. Therefore the present constraints from the LIGO-Virgo-Kagra (LVK) collaboration still hold. However for one of these models, if a fraction $\gtrsim O(10^{-3})$ of these particles cascades into $\gamma$-rays, and if the gravitational backreaction scale follows the Polchinski-Rocha model, then the string tension is tightly constrained from below by measurements of the Diffuse $\gamma$-Ray Background, and from above by the SGWB. With reasonable assumptions, the joint constraint on the string tension set by these two possible observables reduces the available parameter space of this cosmic string model to a narrow band. Future upgrades to LVK will either rule out this model or detect strings.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2023)·27 citations
33. 33*

    A study of shear viscosity coefficient of quark matter in Polyakov quark meson model for three flavors

    Ritesh Ghosh🇮🇳

    We have computed shear viscosity coefficient for hot and dense QCD matter within Polyakov loop extended quark meson(PQM) model for three flavors. Viscosity coefficient is estimated using Boltzmann equation within the relaxation time approximation. Relaxation times for quarks are calculated from elastic scattering of quarks and antiquarks via gluon exchange. Also the mean free paths of strange and light quarks are estimated for this cases. The calculations are performed at finite chemical potential. Thermodynamic properties like energy, pressure, entropy densities are also computed and compared with lattice QCD data.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-ph0 citations
34. 34*

    Searching for the BCS phase at nonzero isospin asymmetry

    Bastian B. Brandt🇩🇪 · Francesca Cuteri🇩🇪 · Gergely Endrődi🇩🇪

    According to perturbation theory predictions, QCD matter in the zero-temperature, high-density limits of QCD at nonzero isospin chemical potential is expected to be in a superfluid Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) phase of $u$ and $\bar{d}$ Cooper pairs. It is also expected, on symmetry grounds, that such phase connects via an analytical crossover to the phase with Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of charged pions at ${\mu }_{\text{I}}\ge m_{\pi }/2$. With lattice results, showing some indications that the deconfinement crossover also smoothly penetrates the BEC phase, the conjecture was made that the former connects continuously to the BEC-BCS crossover. We compute the spectrum of the Dirac operator, and use generalized Banks-Casher relations, to test this conjecture and identify signatures of the superfluid BCS phase.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phnucl-thPoS(2022)·13 citations
35. 35*

    Non-perturbative renormalisation with interpolating momentum schemes

    N Garron🇬🇧 · C Cahill🇬🇧 · M Gorbahn🇬🇧 · JA Gracey🇬🇧 · PEL Rakow🇬🇧

    Hadronic matrix elements evaluated on the lattice can be converted to a continuum scheme such as $\text{MSbar}$ using intermediate non-perturbative renormalisation schemes. Discretisation effects on the lattice and convergence of the continuum perturbation theory are both scheme dependent and we explore this dependence in the framework of the Rome-Southampton method for generalised kinematics. In particular, we implement several non-exceptional {\em interpolating} momentum schemes, where the momentum transfer is {\em not} restricted to the symmetric point defined in RI/SMOM. Using flavour non-singlet quark bilinears, we compute the renormalisation factors of the quark mass and wave function for $N_f=3$ flavours of dynamical quarks. We investigate the perturbative and non-perturbative scale-dependencies. Our numerical results are obtained from lattice simulations performed with Domain-Wall fermions, based on ensembles generated by RBC-UKQCD collaborations; we use two different lattice spacings $1/a\sim 1.79$ and $2.38$ GeV. We also give the numerical values for the relevant anomalous dimensions and matching coefficients at next-to-next-to-leading order.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPRD(2023)·2 citations
36. 36*

    Inhomogeneous phases in the chirally imbalanced $2+1$-dimensional Gross-Neveu model and their absence in the continuum limit

    Laurin Pannullo🇩🇪 · Marc Wagner🇩🇪 · Marc Winstel🇩🇪

    We study the $\mu$-${\mu }_{45}$-$T$ phase diagram of the $2+1$-dimensional Gross-Neveu model, where $\mu$ denotes the ordinary chemical potential, ${\mu }_{45}$ the chiral chemical potential and $T$ the temperature. We use the mean-field approximation and two different lattice regularizations with naive chiral fermions. An inhomogeneous phase at finite lattice spacing is found for one of the two regularizations. Our results suggest that there is no inhomogeneous phase in the continuum limit. We show that a chiral chemical potential is equivalent to an isospin chemical potential. Thus, all results presented in this work can also be interpreted in the context of isospin imbalance.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phnucl-thSymmetry(2022)·24 citations
37. 37*

    Preserving gauge invariance in neural networks

    Matteo Favoni🇦🇹 · Andreas Ipp🇦🇹 · David I. Müller🇦🇹 · Daniel Schuh🇦🇹

    In these proceedings we present lattice gauge equivariant convolutional neural networks (L-CNNs) which are able to process data from lattice gauge theory simulations while exactly preserving gauge symmetry. We review aspects of the architecture and show how L-CNNs can represent a large class of gauge invariant and equivariant functions on the lattice. We compare the performance of L-CNNs and non-equivariant networks using a non-linear regression problem and demonstrate how gauge invariance is broken for non-equivariant models.

    ↳ hep-latcs.LGhep-phhep-th+1EPJ Web Conf.(2022)·1 citation
38. 38*

    Determination of the parton distribution functions of the proton using diverse ATLAS data from $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$, 8 and 13 TeV

    ATLAS Collaboration

    This paper presents an analysis at next-to-next-to-leading order in the theory of quantum chromodynamics for the determination of a new set of proton parton distribution functions using diverse measurements in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$, 8 and 13 TeV, performed by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, together with deep inelastic scattering data from $ep$ collisions at the HERA collider. The ATLAS data sets considered are differential cross-section measurements of inclusive $W^{\pm }$ and $Z/{\gamma }^{\ast }$ boson production, $W^{\pm }$ and $Z$ boson production in association with jets, $t\bar{t}$ production, inclusive jet production and direct photon production. In the analysis, particular attention is paid to the correlation of systematic uncertainties within and between the various ATLAS data sets and to the impact of model, theoretical and parameterisation uncertainties. The resulting set of parton distribution functions is called ATLASpdf21

    ↳ hep-exhep-phEPJC(2022)·116 citations
39. 39*

    Characterizing the post-inflationary reheating history, Part I: single daughter field with quadratic-quadratic interaction

    Stefan Antusch🇨🇭 · Daniel G. Figueroa🇪🇸 · Kenneth Marschall🇨🇭 · Francisco Torrenti🇨🇭

    We study the evolution of the energy distribution and equation of state of the Universe from the end of inflation until the onset of either radiation domination (RD) or a transient period of matter domination (MD). We use both analytical techniques and lattice simulations. We consider two-field models where the inflaton $\Phi$ has a monomial potential after inflation $V(\Phi )\propto |\Phi -v{|}^p$ ($p\ge 2$), and is coupled to a daughter field $X$ through a quadratic-quadratic interaction $g^2{\Phi }^2{X}^2$. We consider two situations, depending on whether the potential has a minimum at $i)$ $v=0$, or $ii)$ $v>0$. In the scenario $i)$, the final energy transferred to $X$ is independent of $g^2$ and entirely determined by $p$: it is negligible for $p<4$, and of order $\sim 50\%$ for $p\ge 4$. The system goes to MD at late times for $p=2$, while it goes to RD for $p>2$. In the later case, we can calculate exactly the number of e-folds until RD as a function of $g^2$, and hence predict accurately inflationary observables like the scalar tilt $n_s$ and the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$. In the scenario $ii)$, the energy is always transferred completely to $X$ for $p>2$, as long as its effective mass $m_X^2=g^2(\Phi -v{)}^2$ is not negligible. For $p=2$, the final ratio between the energy densities of $X$ and $\Phi$ depends strongly on $g^2$. For all $p\ge 2$, the system always goes to MD at late times.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phhep-thPRD(2022)·37 citations
40. 40*

    Time-integrated constraint on neutrino flux of CHIME fast radio burst sources with 10-year IceCube point-source data

    Jia-Wei Luo🇺🇸 · Bing Zhang🇺🇸

    Despite numerous studies, the sources of IceCube cosmic neutrinos are mostly unidentified. Utilizing recently released IceCube neutrino and CHIME fast radio burst (FRB) catalogs, we examine the possibility of an association between neutrinos and CHIME/FRB catalog 1 FRBs for both the entire FRB population and individual FRBs using the unbinned maximum likelihood method. Our results do not directly support the possibility of the above-mentioned association with three weighting schemes: equal, total radio fluence, and event rate. We then attempt to constrain the diffuse muon neutrino flux upper limit from CHIME/FRB catalog 1 FRBs. After considering a completeness correction, we find the 95% diffuse muon neutrino flux upper limit at 100 TeV for all FRB sources in the universe to be $\sim 1.01\times 10^{-18}{\mathrm{GeV}}^{-1}{\mathrm{cm}}^{-2}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}{\mathrm{sr}}^{-1}$, or $\sim 70.3\%$ of the 10-year diffuse neutrino flux observed by IceCube. Our results match the non-detection results of other studies, but we do not rule out FRBs being a significant contributor to the diffuse neutrino flux measured by IceCube.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phMNRAS(2024)·6 citations
41. 41*

    Model-Independent Determination of Isotopic Cross Sections per Fission for Reactor Antineutrinos

    Yu-Feng Li🇨🇳 · Zhao Xin🇨🇳

    Model-independent reactor isotopic cross sections per fission are determined by global fits of the reactor antineutrino data from High-Enriched Uranium (HEU) reactor rates, Low-Enriched Uranium (LEU) reactor rates, and reactor fuel evolution data. Taking account of the implicit quasi-linear relationship between the fission fractions of ${}^{239}\mathrm{Pu}$ and ${}^{241}\mathrm{Pu}$ in the LEU reactor data, the Inverse-Beta-Decay (IBD) yields and their correlations of the fissionable isotopes ${}^{235}\mathrm{U}$, ${}^{238}\mathrm{U}$, and Pu's are obtained. The data-driven isotopic IBD yields provide an anomaly-free model for the reactor isotopic cross sections per fission, where better than 1\% accuracy of the expected reactor IBD yields can be achieved for future experiments.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-exhep-phPRD(2022)·2 citations
42. 42*

    Global Symmetries and Partial Confinement

    Masanori Hanada🇬🇧 · Jack Holden🇬🇧 · Matthew Knaggs🇬🇧 · Andy O'Bannon🇬🇧

    In gauge theories, spontaneous breaking of the centre symmetry provides a precise definition of deconfinement. In large-$N$ gauge theories, evidence has emerged recently that between confined and deconfined phases a partially-deconfined phase can appear, in which only a subset of colours deconfine. In the partially-deconfined phase, the centre symmetry is spontaneously broken, raising the question of whether an order parameter exists that can distinguish completely- and partially-deconfined phases. We present two examples in gauge theories of global symmetries that are spontaneously broken in the confined phase and preserved in the deconfined phase, and we show that this symmetry is spontaneously broken in the partially-deconfined phase. As a result, in these theories the transition from complete to partial deconfinement is accompanied by the spontaneous breaking of a global symmetry. The two examples are CP symmetry in $\mathcal{N}=1$ super-Yang-Mills with a massive gluino and theta-angle $\theta =\pi$, and chiral symmetry in a strongly-coupled lattice gauge theory. For $\mathcal{N}=1$ SYM we also present numerical evidence that the same phenomenon occurs at finite $N\ge 30$. We thus conjecture that global symmetries may provide order parameters to distinguish completely and partially deconfined phases generically, including at finite $N$.

    ↳ hep-thhep-lathep-phJHEP(2022)·12 citations
43. 43*

    Asteroids for $\mu$Hz gravitational-wave detection

    Michael A. Fedderke🇺🇸 · Peter W. Graham🇺🇸 · Surjeet Rajendran🇺🇸

    A major challenge for gravitational-wave (GW) detection in the $\mu$Hz band is engineering a test mass (TM) with sufficiently low acceleration noise. We propose a GW detection concept using asteroids located in the inner Solar System as TMs. Our main purpose is to evaluate the acceleration noise of asteroids in the $\mu$Hz band. We show that a wide variety of environmental perturbations are small enough to enable an appropriate class of $\sim 10$ km-diameter asteroids to be employed as TMs. This would allow a sensitive GW detector in the band $\text{(few)}\times 10^{-7}\text{Hz}\lesssim f_{\text{GW}}\lesssim \text{(few)}\times 10^{-5}\text{Hz}$, reaching strain $h_c\sim 10^{-19}$ around $f_{\text{GW}}\sim 10\mu$Hz, sufficient to detect a wide variety of sources. To exploit these asteroid TMs, human-engineered base stations could be deployed on multiple asteroids, each equipped with an electromagnetic transmitter/receiver to permit measurement of variations in the distance between them. We discuss a potential conceptual design with two base stations, each with a space-qualified optical atomic clock measuring the round-trip electromagnetic pulse travel time via laser ranging. Tradespace exists to optimize multiple aspects of this mission: for example, using a radio-ranging or interferometric link system instead of laser ranging. This motivates future dedicated technical design study. This mission concept holds exceptional promise for accessing this GW frequency band.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COastro-ph.IMhep-ph+1PRD(2022)·73 citations
44. 44*

    The seeds of EFT double copy

    Quentin Bonnefoy🇩🇪 · Gauthier Durieux🇨🇭 · Christophe Grojean🇩🇪 · Camila S. Machado🇩🇪 · Jasper Roosmale Nepveu🇩🇪

    We explore the double copy of effective field theories (EFTs), in the recently proposed generalized color-kinematics and Kawai-Lewellen-Tye (KLT) approaches. In the former, we systematically construct scalar numerators satisfying the Jacobi identities from simpler numerator "seeds" with trace-like permutation properties. This construction has the advantage of being easily applicable to any multiplicity, which we exemplify up to 6-point. It employs the linear map between color factors formed by single traces of generators and by products of the structure constants, which also relates the generalized KLT and color-kinematics formalisms, allowing to produce KLT kernels at arbitrary order in the EFT expansion. At 4-point, we show that all EFT kernels are generated and that they only yield double-copy amplitudes which can also be obtained from the traditional KLT kernel. We perform initial checks suggesting that the same conclusions also hold at 5-point. We focus on single-trace massless scalar EFTs which however also control the higher-derivative corrections to gauge and gravity theories.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2022)·26 citations
45. 45*

    Stability of topological solitons, and black string to bubble transition

    Ibrahima Bah🇺🇸 · Anindya Dey🇺🇸 · Pierre Heidmann🇺🇸

    We study the existence of smooth topological solitons and black strings as locally-stable saddles of the Euclidean gravitational action of five dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory. These objects live in the Kaluza-Klein background of four dimensional Minkowski with an $S^1$. We compute the off-shell gravitational action in the canonical ensemble with fixed boundary data corresponding to the asymptotic radius of $S^1$, and to the electric and magnetic charges that label the solitons and black strings. We show that these objects are locally-stable in large sectors of the phase space with varying lifetime. Furthermore, we determine the globally-stable phases for different regimes of the boundary data, and show that there can be Hawking-Page transitions between the locally-stable phases of the topological solitons and black strings. This analysis demonstrates the existence of a large family of globally-stable smooth solitonic objects in gravity beyond supersymmetry, and presents a mechanism through which they can arise from the black strings.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phJHEP(2022)·28 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.